Govt. Chapter 14

​belief that judges should apply the Constitution in light of current conditions

"living" constitution

A pivotal civil liberties case in which the Court was not bound by precedent was​

Brownv. Board of Education.​

Because of broad media coverage, a justice's confirmation is no longer contentious.​

False

If a justice disagrees with a decision, he or she can issue a concurring opinion.​

False

If an interest group wants to explain to the Supreme Court why a case should be decided in a particular way, the group can submit a writ of certiorari.​

False

The Constitution says that a Supreme Court justice must be at least 35 years of age.​

False

The Supreme Court has appellate jurisdiction in those cases involving representatives of foreign governments.​

False

The Supreme Court's primary function is to settle disputes among the states.​

False

The president nominates Supreme Court justices, but the Senate elects other federal judges.​

False

In which case did the Supreme Court rule that states could not interfere with federal actions that were necessary to carry out the federal government's constitutional powers?​

McCulloch v. Maryland

How is a justice who follows judicial restraint likely to be different from an activist?​

The justice is less likely to declare an existing law unconstitutional.

Why do presidents want nominees from a variety of racial and ethnic backgrounds?​

They want the justices to be somewhat representative of the entire country.

Brownv. Board of Education of Topeka illustrates how the Supreme Court can be influenced by changing societal values and beliefs.​

True

By assigning a southerner to write the Court's opinion for a voter discrimination case, the Supreme Court demonstrated its awareness of public opinion.​

True

Confirmation of Supreme Court nominees typically takes longer today than in the past.​

True

In one of the Federalist papers, Alexander Hamilton argued that the Supreme Court should have the right to determine whether laws are constitutional.​

True

The Supreme Court took on the case of Clarence Gideon in order to determine whether his constitutional rights had been violated.​

True

Today's justices are more representative of the country as a whole than in the past.​

True

When considering what cases to hear, the Supreme Court often chooses those in which courts have interpreted federal laws differently.​

True

When hearing a case, the Supreme Court does not hear testimony from witnesses.​

True

The losing party in a state Supreme Court case can appeal the decision to the U.S. Supreme Court by submitting​

a petition for a writ of certiorari.

The Constitution requires that a Supreme Court justice​

be confirmed by the Senate.

Appellate cases​

can come either through the state court systems or the federal court system.

The legislative branch can check the power of the Supreme Court because it​

can remove justices.

If a justice agrees with the majority's opinion, but has different reasoning, he or she may issue a​

concurring opinion.

One reason that the justices take a preliminary vote is to​

discuss their reasoning.

The Supreme Court decides to take a case when it​

grants certiorari.

Presidents typically work to nominate individuals who​

have personal integrity and professional expertise.​

A positive effect of justices' lifetime appointments is​

having a fair and impartial judiciary.

​belief that the Court should step in if people's rights are violated

judicial activism

ideas about what guidelines to follow when interpreting the Constitution

judicial philosophy

belief that the Court should avoid overturning laws passed by democratically elected bodies

judicial restraint

When the Court ruled in Brandenburg v. Ohio that the government could not take away the right to free speech just because it might incite a crime, it was​

showing judicial activism.

principle that once the Court rules, its decision serves as a precedent

stare decisis

President Andrew Jackson's refusal to carry out a Court ruling shows that​

the Supreme Court depends on the executive branch to enforce its decisions.

In Marbury v. Madison, Chief Justice John Marshall helped establish​

the Supreme Court's power to declare laws unconstitutional.​

Once the Supreme Court reaches a decision in a case,​

the decision becomes law.

If citizens do not like how the Supreme Court interprets part of the Constitution, they can​

work to get the Constitution amended.

How is the process for filling a Senate position different from the process for filling a Supreme Court position?​

​Senators are elected by the people whereas justices are nominated by the president.

What is the purpose of the rule of four?​

​to determine whether the Supreme Court will hear a case