Guided Reading Mod 5 Spinal Cord/Column

motor fibers travel in the _____ of the spinal cord

a descending tract

intervertebral compression in an abnormal direction can cause

a herinated disc

intervertebral joints are

all the above: amphiarthrotic, gliding joints, symphyses, actually made up of 3 separate joints

generally speaking, the nerves of the lumbar plexus control the

all the above: anterior thigh, abdominal muscles, medial thigh, skin of the medial side of the knee

joints between the vertebrae include

all the above: diarthroses, amphiarthroses, symphyses, synotoses

the spinal meninges function to

all the above: protect the spinal cord, assist in delivering nutrients and oxygen to spinal cord, stabilize the spinal cord, absorb shocks to the spinal cord

what event causes the cervical curve to begin development

an infant begins to lift his or hear head

upper motor neuron leison will result in

asymmetric reflexes

the dense is a part of the

axis

the dorsal root of a spinal nerve contains

axons of sensory neurons

the "hunched" appearance assoicated with the advance-stage osteoporosis is associated with compression fractures of which of the following structures

vertebral bodies

the part of the vertebra that transfers weight along the long axis of the vertebral column is

vertebral body

structures associated with the terminal end of the spinal cord include all of the following except

foramen magnum

joints between the vertebrae include

gliding joints

axons crossing over in the cord pass through

gray commissure

H-shaped mass in the center of the spinal cord is mostly

gray matter

which of the following is a spinal extensor

iliocostalis lumborum

which of the following conditions may produce spinal shock

injuries to the spinal cord

the spinal nerves enter and exit the vertebral canal through the

intervertebral foramen

osteoporosis can cause which of the following abnormal curvatures of the back

kyphosis

surgery of the spinal cord most often involves cutting of the

lamina

the large connection between the lumbar and sacral plexuses is called

lumbosacral trunk

spinal reflexes

may include polysynaptic reflexes

an "electric shock" type of pain radiating down the spine on forced cervical flexion when in the supine position, a symptom associated with spinal meningitis, emanates from which of the following structures

meninges

ventral root of a spinal nerve transmits _____ infromation _____ the spinal cord

motor; away from

which of the following can be found on cervical vetebrae only

multiple foramina

blood vessels that directly supply the spinal cord are found in the

pia meter

select the association that is most closel matched

posterior : sensory

the nuclei in the spinal cord that contain the cell bodies of the somatic and visceral sensory neurons are located in

posterior gray horn

major function of the intervertebral foramina is

providing a passageway for nerves

which of the following arises from the sacral portion of the lumbosacral plexus

pudendal nerve

the lumbar and cervical curves of the vertebral column are called

secondary curves

the lumbar curvature of the spine serves mainly to

shifting the weight of the trunk to the hips and lower extremities

the vertebral arches surround and protect the

spinal cord

the muscle group nearnest to the vertebral column is the

spinales

which of the following structures can most easily be felt on dorsum

spinous process

a needle used in a spinal tap must be inserted until its tip is in the

subarachnoid space

all the following are true of fiber tracts in the spinal cord except

the tracts are randomly located with respect to the type of information carried

the vertebral arch encloses

the vertebral foramen

the reason the lumbar plexus and sacral plexus are sometimes referred to as the lumbosacral plexus is because

they innervate the same area of the body

which of the following regions of the spinal cord follows typical segmenting without mixing roots

thoracic

medially, at the junction of the neck and upper back, the _____ forms a bony projection

vertebra prominens C7

what is the correcto order of passage for visceral motor fibers on their way to a spinal nerve: 1) autonomic ganglion 2) ventral root 3) gray ramus 4) lateral gray horn 5) white ramus

4, 2, 5, 1, 3

with respect to control of spinal reflexes, the higher brain centers

B) act to enhance or suppress spinal reflexes and C) influence spinal reflexes in a series of interactive lvs

which of the following vertebral column levels has the thickest intervertebral disk

between T12 and L1

spinal nerves extending distal to the conus medullaris are collectively referred to as the

cauda equina

injury to what region of the vertebral column is usually most threatening

cervical

which of the following vertebral curvatures is convex anteriorly

cervical and lumbar

caudal extensions of the dura and pia mater that connect to the sacrum and coccyx make up

coccygeal ligament

the pia mater is connected to the dura mater to anchor the spinal cord in place at paired structures called

denticulate ligaments