hanson earth and space ch 10 test
Regional metamorphism occurs as a result of a. tectonic activity. c. earthquakes. b. volcanic eruptions. d. sedimentation.
A
Ripple marks in sandstone may form by the action of a. wind. c. heat. b. magma. d. intrusion.
A
Which of the following is an organic sedimentary rock? a. basalt c. conglomerate b. coal d. sandstone
B
Metamorphism that occurs over large areas is called
regional metamorphism
The appearance of the metamorphic rock in the diagram indicates that it should be classified as
regional metamorphism
Slate is formed when great pressure acts on the sedimentary
shale
An igneous rock with a mixture of large and small grains is said to have a. porphyritic texture. c. an extrusion. b. an intrusion. d. a breccia.
A
Gabbro is chemically most similar to which of the following rocks? a. basalt c. granite b. obsidian d. diorite
A
In the diagram above, the feature labeled 2 is an example of a a. sill. c. plug. b. dike. d. neck.
A
Ripple marks in rocks are formed by a. moving wind or water. c. heating and cooling. b. drying and shrinking. d. contact with magma.
A
The structure labeled X in the diagram above is a a. sill. c. stock. b. dike. d. batholith.
A
Where does most metamorphic rock form? a. deep below the earth's surface c. on the earth's surface b. within volcanoes d. on lake beds
A
Which of the following rocks is a member of the intermediate family? a. andesite c. obsidian b. gabbro d. granite
A
Felsic rocks are high in a. quartz. c. biotite. b. silica. d. calcite.
B
In the diagram above, the feature labeled 1 is an example of a a. lava plateau. c. geode. b. laccolith. d. batholith.
B
Magma that cools deep below the earth's crust forms what type of rock? a. clastic c. stratified b. intrusive d. extrusive
B
The size and arrangement of crystalline grains in igneous rock is called a. density. c. hardness. b. texture. d. luster.
B
The structure labeled Y in the diagram above is a a. sill. c. laccolith. b. dike. d. batholith.
B
Two processes responsible for changing sediments into sedimentary rock are compaction and a. foliation. c. intrusion. b. cementation. d. stratification.
B
Which of the following is an indication of crystal size in an igneous rock? a. hardness c. angularity b. texture d. luster
B
Which of the following types of rock is produced by magma that cools deep below the earth's crust? a. extrusive igneous c. foliated metamorphic b. intrusive igneous d. chemical sedimentary
B
Which of the following would most likely form from a mafic magma that cooled slowly underground? a. basalt c. obsidian b. gabbro d. pumice
B
Chalk is a type of a. coal. c. limestone. b. quartzite. d. shale.
C
The layering of sedimentary rock with coarse grains at the bottom and fine grains at the top is a. foliation. c. graded bedding. b. concretion. d. cross-bedding.
C
To which of the following groups does breccia belong? a. foliated metamorphic c. clastic sedimentary b. nonfoliated metamorphic d. chemical sedimentary
C
Which of the following describes the process by which sedimentary rock becomes metamorphic rock? a. weathering c. intense heat and pressure b. erosion d. cooling and solidifying
C
Which of the following form the core of many major mountain ranges? a. conglomerates c. batholiths b. concretions d. extrusions
C
Which of the following is a fine-grained member of the felsic family? a. andesite c. rhyolite b. diorite d. marble
C
A rock composed of cemented, rounded pebbles is a a. batholith. c. breccia. b. shale. d. conglomerate.
D
Gabbro is an example of a a. felsic, fine-grained rock. c. mafic, fine-grained rock. b. felsic, coarse-grained rock. d. mafic, coarse-grained rock.
D
Metamorphism is best defined as the a. compaction and cementation of rock fragments. b. precipitation of minerals dissolved in water. c. solidification of magma by cooling. d. changing of a rock by heat and pressure.
D
The changing of rock by pressure from colliding tectonic plates is called a. igneous intrusion. c. contact metamorphism. b. igneous extrusion. d. regional metamorphism.
D
The parent material for all rocks is a. silica. c. granite. b. quartz. d. magma.
D
The structure formed when magma flows out through cracks in the earth's surface and spreads out over a large area is called a a. volcanic neck. c. laccolith. b. sill. d. lava plateau.
D
The white cliffs of Dover, England, are composed of a. coal. c. basalt. b. halite. d. chalk.
D
Which of the following is an igneous rock? a. limestone c. gneiss b. gypsum d. basalt
D
Which of the following is classified as a metamorphic rock? a. basalt c. limestone b. diorite d. schist
D
Which of the following is most likely to form the core of a mountain range? a. sill c. laccolith b. dike d. batholith
D
Which of the following is one of the three families of igneous rocks? a. clastic c. gabbro b. foliated d. mafic
D
A sill is an igneous structure that cuts across rock layers.
F
According to the rock cycle, metamorphic rock forms only from sedimentary rock.
F
Batholiths are metamorphic rock structures.
F
Conglomerates are formed from angular, gravel-sized fragments with sharp corners.
F
Fossils are commonly found in gabbro.
F
Halite is a clastic sedimentary rock.
F
In general, the texture of intrusive igneous rocks is of a finer grain than that of extrusive igneous rocks
F
Mafic rocks are light-colored rocks that are high in silica.
F
Metamorphism that occurs over an area of thousands of square kilometers during periods of tectonic activity is called contact metamorphism.
F
Most metamorphic rock forms near the earth's surface.
F
On the moon's surface, mares are formed by sedimentary rock.
F
Sedimentary rock is the parent material for all rocks.
F
Stratification occurs when the same particle type is deposited over a long period of time.
F
The three types of rock are igneous, sedimentary, and extrusive
F
Volcanism is the changing of one type of rock to another by heat, pressure, and chemical processes.
F
An igneous rock with a mixture of small and large grains has a porphyritic texture.
T
Any one of the three types of rock can be changed into any other class.
T
Cavities in sandstone that contain quartz or calcite crystals are called geodes.
T
Dikes are often associated with volcanic necks.
T
Dikes are produced by volcanic activity.
T
During metamorphism, minerals may change in size.
T
Fossils are most commonly preserved in sedimentary rock.
T
High temperatures can change sedimentary rock directly into magma.
T
Igneous rock is produced when magma cools
T
In general, the faster magma cools, the smaller the resulting crystal size will be.
T
Laccoliths often form small, dome-shaped mountains.
T
Limestone can form as a chemical sedimentary rock or as an organic sedimentary rock.
T
Magma that cools quickly produces rocks that have a fine-grained texture.
T
Metamorphic rock may form from preexisting metamorphic rock.
T
Metamorphism can change the final composition of rock.
T
Metamorphism can create a hard and durable rock from a softer sedimentary rock.
T
Metamorphism results from heat, pressure, and chemical processes.
T
Most metamorphic rock is formed by tectonic activity.
T
Nonfoliated metamorphic rocks do not contain layers of crystals.
T
Obsidian is an extrusive rock.
T
Organic sedimentary rock is composed of the remains of decaying organisms.
T
Rocks are classified according to how they were formed.
T
Shale consists of clay-sized particles that are pressed into flat layers.
T
Sills often form when magma flows between rock layers.
T
Some sedimentary rocks are formed from the remains of organisms.
T
The dark mares of the moon were created when lava flowed into meteor craters.
T
Volcanic glass forms when magma cools very quickly.
T
Quartzite is produced by the metamorphism of
concretions
The type of metamorphism that results from the heat of magma is called
contact metamorphism
The texture of igneous rock is determined by the rate at which magma
cools
Nodules that form when minerals precipitated from solutions build up around existing rock particles are called
cross-bedded
Obsidian forms through the extremely rapid cooling of magma, which prevents the formation of
crystals
Rocks are changed from one type to another in a series of changes called the rock
cycle
Igneous rocks that are light colored and are high in silica are called
felsic
Slate is formed when great pressure acts on the sedimentary rock
foliated
Rocks are classified into three groups based on how the rocks are
formed
Remains or traces of ancient plants and animals that are preserved in rock are called
fossils
A sedimentary rock that contains quartz or calcite crystals in a hollow core is a(n)
geode
The crystal-filled rock in the diagram is a(n)
geode
The type of rock represented by rectangle A in the diagram is
igneous
Igneous rocks that are dark colored, low in silica, and high in iron and magnesium are called
mafic
In the diagram above, the arrow labeled B represents heat and
pressure
A batholith-like structure that covers an area less than 100 km2 is called a(n)
stock
