HDFS 411 Quiz 2
Cognitive-Behavioral
New focus on emotional experiences
Freudian Psychoanalysis
Unsolved emotional experiences
Definition of Empathy
"Empathy is the counselors ability to sense the clients world the way the client does and to convey that understanding"
Tool 2: Paraphrasing
- A statement that says something that another person has said or written in a different way - The helper rephrases the content of the clients message
Reflecting feelings
- Accuracy and clarity are critical - Reflect feelings when: - May be feelings about the interview itself - Client is having trouble telling his/her story - Strong emotions not being expressed
Tools Needed for reflecting content
- Encouragers - Paraphrases - Summaries
Goals of reflecting feelings
- Help make clear the feelings underlying behavior - Help clients sort out complex feelings - Help tell story
Reflection of Content
- Helper lets helpee know they heard what was being said - Check for accuracy - Saw point content - Help talk in more detail
Two methods of reflecting feelings
- Identifying feelings - Reflecting feelings
Identifying the feelings: attend to the entire message
- Intiation/development phase of counseling - Have the client tell their story
Identifying the feelings
- More than one emotion may be expressed on a topic - Conflicting emotions could be part of the problem
Reflect all feelings
- Positive emotions - Negative emotions
Features of Carl Rogers empathy
- Positive regard - Respect and warmth - Concreteness - Immediacy - Congruence/ genuineness/ authenticity
Identifying the feelings: how it is said
- Posture - Voice - Mannerisms
Difference between summary and paraphrase
- Summary has more material - Summary covers more time
Tool 1: Minimal Encouragers
- To make someone more determined, hopeful, or confident - To make something more appealing or more likely to happen - To make someone more likely to do something ; to tell or advise someone to do something **Small verbal vues that encourage a helpee to talk with minimum interuption or influence by the helper
Tool 1: minimal encouragers phrases
- Uh-huh - Mhmmm - Okay.... - Right... - Yeah... - Head noding - Repeat key words
Tool 3: Summary
- Using few words to give the most important information about something - Recap information shared by helpee over long period of time
Examples of introductory phrases
- You felt... - It really hurt... - You are... - You must have been... - In other words, you feel... - It sounds like... - I gather that... - It seems that you feel...
How to summarize
1. Recall key content 2. Identify patterns or themes 3. Use sentence stem 4. Summarize 5. Assess the effectiveness of summarization
How to paraphrase
1. Recall the message and restate it to yourself quietly 2. Identify content part of message 3. Select an appropriate sentence stem 4. Translate key content into your own words 5. Check accuracy of paraphrase
Purposes of a Summary
1. To tie together multiple elements in a clients message 2. To identify common theme 3. To interrupt excessive rambling 4. To start a session 5. To end a session 6. To review progress 7. To serve as a transition when changing topics
Empathy and Carl Rogers
Believed this was the core aspect of therapy **This is the only thing needed for change in therapy
Emotions are ...
Central to all theoretical orientations
Parroting
Dont repeat the same feeling word the client uses
Rogerian Client-Centered
Emotions in relationships