Health, Wellness, and Illness - Functional Ability - Concept (HESI)

A client with painful swelling of a distal joint of the ring finger is found to be in the early stages of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A test for the rheumatoid factor is negative. The client asks about the reliability of the test, stating, "I don't think the result is accurate. I have been diagnosed with RA, and I am in so much pain." How should the nurse respond?

"Laboratory tests often are negative in the early stages of the disease."

An 80-year-old client is admitted to the hospital because of complications associated with severe dehydration. The client's daughter asks the nurse how her mother could have become dehydrated, because she is alert and able to care for herself. What is the nurse's best response?

"The thirst reflex diminishes with age, and therefore the recognition of the need for fluid is decreased."

Building confidence in one's worth is important for a client who is scheduled for a below-the-knee amputation (BKA) because an amputation does what?

Affects an idealized self-image

Which soluble factor plays a major role in adaptive immunity?

Antibodies

Which cognitive impairment occurs due to delirium?

Attentiveness

Which test is used to confirm the diagnosis of Down syndrome?

Chromosomal analysis

When assessing a client with heart failure, the nurse asks what aggravates the problem. Which activity should the nurse expect will cause the client the greatest distress?

Climbing a flight of stairs to the bedroom

What is the result of increased dental caries in an older adult?

Decreased nutritional status

What is the priority goal for a client with asthma who is being discharged from the hospital with prescriptions for inhaled bronchodilators?

Demonstrates use of a metered-dose inhaler

A client is admitted to the hospital for an acute episode of rheumatoid arthritis. During the initial assessment, the nurse observes that the client's finger joints are swollen. To what does the nurse most likely attribute this swelling?

Inflammation in the joint's synovial lining

A nurse is advising a client about the risks associated with failing to seek treatment for acute pharyngitis caused by beta-hemolytic streptococcus. For what health problem is the client at risk?

Endocarditis

A client is admitted to the hospital with weakness in the right extremities and a slight difficulty with speech. Vital signs are within expected limits. What is the priority nursing action during the first 24 hours?

Evaluating the client's motor status.

A client with a leg prosthesis and a history of syncopal episodes is being admitted to the hospital. When formulating the plan of care for this client, the nurse should include that the client is at risk for what?

Falls

What should the nurse include when planning activities for an older nursing home resident with a diagnosis of dementia?

Familiar activities that the resident can complete successfully

A nurse is interviewing a client with a tentative diagnosis of Parkinson disease. What should the nurse expect the client to report about how the onset of symptoms occurred?

Gradually

Which statement is true about immunocompetence?

It is the immune system's ability to mobilize and use its antibodies.

Which cells are also known as natural killers?

Lymphocytes

A client who is employed as a carpenter has trouble holding tools because of carpal tunnel syndrome but continues to work to meet family financial obligations. Which is the priority concern when health care instructions are discussed with the client?

Potential for injury

What does the nurse explain happens during the transition from infanthood to toddlerhood?

Reduced need for sleep

Acetylsalicylic acid is prescribed for a client with rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse understands what is the major rationale for this treatment?

Reduction of joint inflammation

A nurse understands that what is the primary purpose for a client to undergo reconstructive surgery?

Restore function and/or appearance.

A client exhibits the characteristic gait associated with Parkinson disease. When recording on the client's record, how does the nurse document this gait?

Shuffling

A client with multiple sclerosis is in remission. Which diversional activity should the nurse encourage that best meets the client's needs while in remission?

Swimming

An 89-year-old client with osteoporosis is admitted to the hospital with a compression fracture of the spine. What factor of special concern will the nurse identify when caring for this client?

The client's inability to maintain an optimal level of functioning

The nurse is caring for a client with rheumatoid arthritis. When should the nurse expect the client to experience increased pain and limited movement of the joints?

in the morning on awakening