heart- blood flow questions
Which chamber does oxygenated blood enter the heart first?
Left atrium
True or False: Pulmonary veins take unoxygenated blood away from the heart.
false
Blood is pumped through the pulmonary circulation by the _____________.
right ventricle
True or False: The bicuspid valve is located on the left side of the heart.
true
___________ is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle with each beat.
A. Cardiac output B. Preload C. Afterload D. Stroke volume The answer is D. Stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle with each beat.
A patient has a blood pressure of 220/140. The physician prescribes a vasodilator. This medication will?
A. Decrease the patient's blood pressure and increase cardiac afterload B. Decrease the patient's blood pressure and decrease cardiac afterload C. Decrease the patient's blood pressure and increase cardiac preload D. Increase the patient's blood pressure but decrease cardiac output The answer is B. The patient has a high systemic vascular resistance...as evidence by the patient's blood blood....there is vasoconstriction and this is resulting in the high blood pressure. Therefore, right now, the cardiac afterload is high because the ventricle must overcome this high pressure in order to pump blood out of the heart. If a vasodilator is given, it will decrease the blood pressure (hence the systemic vascular resistance) and this will decrease the cardiac afterload. The amount of the pressure the ventricle must pump against will decrease (cardiac afterload decrease) because the blood pressure will go down (hence the systemic vascular resistance)
What two factors are used to calculate cardiac output? Select all that apply:
A. Heart rate B. Blood pressure C. Stroke volume D. Mean arterial pressure ans: A and C. Cardiac output is calculated by taking the heart rate and multiplying it by stroke volume. CO = HR x SV
Stroke volume plays an important part in cardiac output. Select all the factors below that influence stroke volume:
A. Heart rate B. Preload C. Contractility D. Afterload E. Blood pressure The answers are B, C, and D. Preload, afterload, and contractility all have a role with influencing stroke volume
Which treatments below would decrease cardiac preload? Select all that apply:
A. IV fluid bolus B. Norepinephrine C. Nitroglycerin D. Furosemide The answers are C and D. Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator that will dilate vessels, which will decrease venous return to the heart and this will decrease preload. Furosemide is a diuretic which will remove extra fluid from the body via the kidneys. This will decrease venous return to the heart and decrease preload. An IV fluid bolus and Norepinephrine (a vasoconstrictor) will increase venous return to the heart and increase preload.
What part of the heart delivers oxygenated blood to the heart?
A. Pulmonary artery B. Pulmonary vein C. Aorta D. Tricuspid Valve Ans: B. Pulmonary vein
What part of the heart delivers unoxygenated blood to the lungs?
A. Pulmonary artery B. Pulmonary vein C.Aorta D. LT ventricle Ans: A- pulmonary artery
Which statement below best describes the term cardiac preload?
A. The pressure the ventricles stretch at the end of systole. B. The amount the ventricles stretch at the end of diastole. C. The pressure the ventricles must work against to pump blood out of the heart. D. The strength of the myocardial cells to shorten with each beat ans: b
What part of the heart delivers richly oxygenated blood to the body
A. Tricuspid Valve B. Superior Vena Cava C. Aorta D. Pulmonary artery Ans: C. Aorta
On the right side of the heart, blood flows from the right ventricle to the?
A. Tricuspid valve to the pulmonary vein B. Pulmonic valve to the pulmonary artery c. Tricuspid valve to pulmonary artery D. Inferior vena cava to the aorta Ans: B. Pulmonic valve to the pulmonary artery
What conditions below can result in an increased cardiac afterload? Select all that apply
A. Vasoconstriction B. Aortic stenosis C. Vasodilation D. Dehydration E. Pulmonary Hypertension The answers are A, B, and E. Vasoconstriction increases systemic vascular resistance which will increase cardiac afterload. It will increase the pressure the ventricle must pump against to open the semilunar valves to get blood out of the heart. Aortic stenosis creates an outflow of blood obstruction for the ventricle (specifically the left ventricle) and this will increase the pressure the ventricle must pump against to get blood out through the aortic valve. Pulmonary hypertension increases pulmonary vascular resistance which will increase the pressure the right ventricle must overcome to open the pulmonic valve to get blood out of the heart....all of this increase cardiac afterload.
A patient with hypovolemic shock is given IV fluids. IV fluids will help _________ cardiac output by:
A. decrease; decreasing preload B. increase, increasing preload C. increase, decreasing afterload D. decrease, increasing contractility The answer is B. IV fluids will increase venous return to the heart. This will increase the amount of fluid that will fill the ventricles at the end of diastole...hence increasing preload and increasing cardiac output.
The blood enters on the left side of the heart through the ______________ and enters the left atrium. It then passes through the _____________to enter the left ventricle.
A. pulmonary vein, bicuspid valve B. pulmonary artery, mitral valve C. pulmonary vein, tricuspid valve D. pulmonary artery, aortic valve Ans: A. Pulmonary vein,bicuspid valve
What separates the left ventricle and left atrium?
Bicuspid valve
What part of the heart delivers deoxygenated blood to the lungs?
Pulmonary artery
Which blood vessel carries blood from the heart to the lungs to receive oxygen?
Pulmonary artery
What part of the heart delivers oxygenated blood to the heart?
Pulmonary vein
On the right side of the heart, blood flows from the right ventricle to the _______.
Pulmonic valve to the pulmonary artery
True or False: Blood flows in the following sequence in the heart: Superior vena cava/Inferior vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonic valve, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, bicuspid valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta
True
True or False: Pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance both play a role with influencing cardiac afterload.
True False The answer is True. If pulmonary vascular resistance or systemic vascular resistance is high, it will create an increased cardiac afterload. If pulmonary vascular resistance or systemic vascular resistance is low, it will create a decreased cardiac afterload.
select the statement below that best describes cardiac afterload:
a.It's the volume amount that fills the ventricles at the end of diastole. B. It's the volume the ventricles must work against to pump blood out of the body. C. It's the amount of blood the left ventricle pumps per beat. D. It's the pressure the ventricles must work against to open the semilunar valves so blood can be pumped out of the heart. ans:d
What part of the heart delivers richly oxygenated blood to the body?
aorta
In the cardiac cycle, systole is myocardial __________.
contraction
True or False: The atriums are located below the ventricles
false
True or False: The atriums are located below the ventricles.
false
The mitral (bicuspid) valve is found in between the
left atrium and left ventricle
Blood is pumped through the systemic circulation by the ___________.
left ventricle
Semilunar valves are found in between the
pulmonary artery and aorta
In the cardiac cycle, diasystole is myocardial __________.
relaxation
The tricuspid valve is found in between the
right atrium and right ventricle
True or False: Blood flows in the following sequence in the heart: Superior vena cava/Inferior vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonic valve, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, bicuspid valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta
true
True or False: The mitral valve is located on the left side of the heart.
true
True or False: There are four chambers in the heart
true
True or False: There are four chambers in the heart.
true
