HEIM All Terms (minus Unit 12)
What is the abbreviation for the radiographic procedure that produces a series of cross-sectional images?
CT
The abbreviation for calcium is:
Ca
The progressive muscular atrophy of Lou Gehrig disease that eventually progresses to involve most of the body, including the respiratory muscles, is the result of:
Degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brain stem
abbreviation for erythropoietin
EPO
The abbreviation for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is:
ESWL
A ganglion is a:
Fluid-filled cyst that arises from the joint capsule or a tendon
The diagnostic imaging procedure for the kidney that is enhanced by the injection of radioactive substance into the bloodstream is:
a radioisotope scan
Excision of tissue for examination by using a cut parallel to the surface of the skin is:
a shave biopsy
The removal and examination, usually microscopic, of skin lesions to establish diagnosis is called:
a skin biopsy
the process of blood clotting
Coagulation
Tube thoracostomy is the:
Continuous drainage of the pleural spaces from a chest tube placed through a small incision
An enteroenterostomy is the:
Creation of a connection between two segments of the intestine
An ileostomy is the:
Creation of an opening from the ileum to the surface of the abdomen
Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract is:
Crohn disease
______surgery uses cold to treat prostate cancer.
Cryo
The term for a malignant tumor of the ovary is:
Cystadenocarcinoma
T cells that directly kill foreign cells are:
Cytotoxic T cells
FDA is the abbreviation for:
Food and Drug Administration
A feeding tube placed in the stomach is a:
G tube
What is the abbreviation for the tube inserted through the abdominal wall to introduce nutrients into the stomach?
G tube
The abbreviation that refers to the structure removed in a cholecystectomy is:
GB
The abbreviation for gastroesophageal reflux disease is:
GERD
Benign tumors in the uterus are called:
Leiomyomas
What do cryptococcal infection, cytomegalovirus infection, histoplasmosis, and pneumocystis have in common?
They are AIDS-related opportunistic infections.
A mastectomy is the surgical removal of:
One or both breasts
All of the following measures help establish a diagnosis of CAD except:
PCI
Two viral load tests that measure the amount of AIDS virus in the bloodstream are _____ and _______.
PCR; NASBA
This device may be used to treat recurrent episodes of acute otitis media.
PE tube
The abbreviation for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube is:
PEG tube
This nuclear scanning technique can detect ischemia and myocardial function:
PET
a spirometer is used for these respiratory tests
PFT
Multiple fluid-filled sacs (cysts) within and on the kidney describes:
PKD
The abbreviation for phenylketonuria is:
PKU
The abbreviation for parathyroid hormone is:
PTH
John s doctor recommended that he try light therapy for his psoriasis. What is this treatment called?
PUVA
John's doctor recommended that he try light therapy for his psoriasis. What is this treatment called?
PUVA
The abbreviation for syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone is:
SIADH
The abbreviation for single-photon emission computed tomography is:
SPECT
The abbreviation for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor is:
SSRI
A malignant tumor of the thymus gland is called:
Thymoma
Tonic-clonic seizures are marked by:
Sudden loss of consciousness and generalized involuntary muscle contractions that alternate with rigidity
Decreased and blurred vision caused by clouding of the lens indicates the presence of:
a cataract
The abbreviation for transurethral resection of the prostate is:
TURP
A nuclear imaging test done to assess the function of the heart and cardiac output is a(n):
Technetium-99m sestamibi scan
TMJ is the abbreviation for:
Temporo mandibular joint
Tenosynovitis is inflammation of the:
Tendon and synovial membrane
Inherited defect in ability to produce hemoglobin
Thalassemia
The suffix that means cutting into or incision is:
-tomy
The suffix meaning condition of urine is:
-uria
The physician orders a ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan, which reveals abnormalities consistent with a pulmonary embolism. You know a pulmonary embolism means:
A clot forms in a distant vein and travels to the lungs
Missy's anaphylactic reaction to penicillin means future use of the drug is dangerous and ill-advised. The severe allergic reaction that prevents future use of the drug for Missy is called:
a contraindication
Duplex ultrasound is:
A combination of Doppler and conventional ultrasound
An opioid is a(n):
Analgesic
Abnormal protrusion of an intervertebral disk into the spinal canal is:
a herniated disk
_____is a severe, recurring, unilateral, vascular headache.
a migraine
The chemical messenger released at the end of a nerve cell that stimulates or inhibits another cell is called:
a neurotransmitter
These are Mr. Taylor's test results: Creatinine clearance: 7.9 mL/min (low) Serum creatinine: 12.8 mg/dL (high) BUN: 125 mg/dL (high) K (potassium): 6 mEq/L (high) Hct (hematocrit): 20% (low) Which laboratory test indicates that Mr. Taylor's kidneys are failing to excrete the waste product urea?
BUN
The examination reveals that Mrs. Milio's glaucoma is stable but that she needs eyeglasses for presbyopia. Mrs. Milio needs eyeglasses because:
The lenses are losing their ability to accommodate to near vision as she ages
Cystic fibrosis is:
A disorder that affects the mucous membranes of the respiratory system as well as the pancreas and the sweat glands
Mr. Ling's history revealed that his father died of colon cancer. Due to Mr. Ling's age and positive family history, the physician scheduled Mr. Ling for a flexible colonoscopy. This diagnostic procedure is:
a visual examination of the entire colon
The combining vowel is usually dropped when the suffix begins with _____.
a vowel
The prefix in the term abductor is:
ab
Mrs. Thomason's spleen was lacerated secondary to a car accident. The spleen is located in the _______ cavity.
abdominal
On the image below, which major body cavity is indicated by label B? (stomach)
abdominal
The ______ cavity is where the spleen is found.
abdominal
Movement away from the midline of the body is:
abduction
Moving the body part away from the body or the midline is called:
abduction
The _______________ muscles pull the body part away from the midline.
abductor
The _______pelvic cavity is the space between the diaphragm and groin.
abnomino
Shannon has cholelithiasis, or gallstones. In this term, the suffix -iasis means _______.
abnormal condition
The suffix -osis means:
abnormal condition
-cytosis
abnormal condition of cells
Premature separation of the implanted placenta is called:
abruptio placentae
The premature separation of the implanted placenta is called:
abruptio placentae
The skin functions to do all of the following except:
absorb oxygen for respiration
When the ciliary body changes the size and shape of the lens by contracting or relaxing, this refractory adjustment is known as:
accommodation
The round depression in the hip joint that forms the socket for the head of the femur to complete the hip joint is called:
acetabulum
What is the term for a failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax?
achalasia
Sixteen-year-old David visits a dermatologist. The doctor sees a variety of lesions on the face, shoulders, and upper back. The predominant lesions are papules and pustules; several cysts are also visible. David reports that the skin lesions have developed recently and that over-the-counter topical medications have not worked. The physician diagnoses David with:
acne vulgaris
Radiosurgery is a choice of treatment in which one of the following disorders?
acoustic neuroma
A retroviral disease caused by infection with HIV, its manifestation is associated with suppression of the immune system and is called ________________, which is abbreviated ____.
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS
A pituitary growth hormone disease characterized by enlargement of the bones of the hands, feet, jaw, and cheeks is known as:
acromegaly
Enlargement of facial, jaw, and extremity bones during adulthood as a result of excess growth hormone is called:
acromegaly
ACS is the abbreviation for:
acute coronary syndrome
ALL
acute lymphocytic leukemia
Movement of the arm toward the midline of the body is called __duction.
ad
Formation of antibodies and lymphocytes after exposure to an antigen is:
adaptive immunity
Maco is dependent on the narcotic Dilaudid to the degree that cessation causes severe physiologic and emotional reactions; he has a(n) ________ to Dilaudid.
addiction
Mrs. Rutledge was experiencing fatigue, weakness, and anorexia. She also noted that her skin was developing a bronzed pigmentation. Testing revealed hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, increased blood levels of MSH, and subnormal levels of cortisol. Mrs. Rutledge will likely be diagnosed with:
addison disease
Chemotherapeutic agent A gives 15% tumor kill and chemotherapeutic agent B gives 20%; using the two together gives 35% tumor kill. The combination action is:
additive
If the combination of two similar drugs is equal to the sum of the effects of each, then the drugs are called:
additive
Moving the body part toward the body or midline is called:
adduction
The _______ muscles pull the body part toward the midline of the body.
adductor
_____itis is inflammation of a gland.
aden
The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland is the ________hypophysis.
adeno
Masses of lymph tissue in the nasopharynx are called:
adenoids
Nasopharyngeal lymph tissue is called the:
adenoids
The pharyngeal tonsils are also called:
adenoids
The combining form meaning fat is:
adip/o
The outer section of the adrenal gland is the:
adrenal cortex
Epinephrine and norepinephrine are secreted by the:
adrenal medulla
The inner section of the adrenal gland is the:
adrenal medulla
Pheochromocytoma is a benign tumor of the _____ characterized by _____secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine.
adrenal medulla, hyper
Excessive secretion of adrenal androgens is called:
adrenal virilism
The adrenal medulla secretes the sympathomimetic hormone epinephrine, which is also known as ____________________.
adrenaline
_____ nerves carry impulses to the brain and spinal cord.
afferent
The prefix post- means _________; the opposite of post- is _____.
after or behind, pre-
Gluc_______ is a pancreatic hormone that increases blood sugar by converting glycogen to glucose.
agon
Glycogen is converted back into glucose by the hormone gluc_______.
agon
The combining form aer/o means:
air
An alveolus is a(n):
air sac
The combining form alveol/o means:
air sac
Fibromy______ is a condition characterized by chronic pain and stiffness in muscles, joints, and fibrous tissue.
algia
The medical term for headache is ceph________.
algia
bas/o
alkaline
Gonorrhea is a(n):
all of the above
Which of the following is a treatment for AIDS?
all of the above
A substance capable of causing a specific hypersensitivity reaction in the body is a(n):
allergen
Asthma, hives, and atopic dermatitis are examples of a(n) ______________, which occurs when a sensitized person reacts violently to a subsequent exposure.
allergic reaction
The medical term for hay fever is:
allergic rhinitis
________ is the absence of hair from areas where it normally grows, especially from the scalp.
alopecia
Emphysema primarily affects which lung structure?
alveoli
Pneumonia is an acute inflammation and infection of __________, which fill with pus or products of the inflammatory reaction.
alveoli
A progressive neurologic disorder marked by gradual decline in mental capacity that can begin in middle age but is more frequently seen in the older person is ________ disease.
alzheimer
The condition meaning a partial loss of vision is called:
amblyopia
The absence of menses (menstrual flow) is called:
amenorrhea
Surgical puncture of the amniotic sac to withdraw amniotic fluid for analysis is:
amniocentesis
When a pregnant woman undergoes a procedure that punctures the abdomen to withdraw a sample of the fluid surrounding the fetus or embryo, it is called a(n):
amniocentesis
ALS is the abbreviation for:
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Lou Gehrig disease is another name for:
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Mr. Morrison suffers from Lou Gehrig disease. Another term for Lou Gehrig disease is:
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
The prefix in the term anoxia is:
an
The sensory warning some people experience before a seizure is called:
an aura
A person with enteritis has:
an inflammation of the intestines
Anthony has been complaining of an earache for about 24 hours and is febrile. His mother takes him to the pediatrician, who visually examines his outer and inner ears and finds the left tympanic membrane red. The pediatrician examined Anthony's ears with:
an otoscope
The prefix in the term anoxia is _____, which means _________.
an-, no or not or without
The prefix in the term anesthetic is _____, which means _______.
an; without
An abnormal tubelike passageway near the anus is a(n):
anal fistula
Ms. Kabobi received a(n) ________ic medication to relieve her postoperative pain.
analges
An ________ is a drug that relieves pain.
analgesic
Missy Spencer was given penicillin for tonsillitis. She developed a severe life-threatening allergic (hypersensitivity) reaction to the penicillin. Her medical file records this reaction as a(n):
anaphylactic reaction
_____________ is an exaggerated, life-threatening hypersensitivity to a foreign protein or other substance.
anaphylaxis
The combining form meaning male is:
andr/o
The male sex hormone is:
androgen
Hormones secreted by the testes are:
androgens
the administration of packed cells is a treatment for
anemia
A(n) ________ drug is one that reduces or eliminates sensation.
anesthetic
A cerebral hemorrhage may be caused by a localized weakness in a blood vessel wall that dilates and bursts. This weak section of blood vessel is called a(n) _________:
aneurysm
A(n) __________ is the widening of a weakened portion of an arterial wall.
aneurysm
Chest pain secondary to oxygen deprivation to the myocardium is:
angina pectoris
CTPA is a combination of computed tomography scanning and:
angiography
Injecting radiopaque dye to obtain x-ray visualization of the heart and large blood vessels is:
angiography
Radiographic imaging of the large blood vessels after the injection of radiopaque dye is called:
angiography
Surgical repair of a blood vessel is _____________.
angioplasty
ACE is the abbreviation for:
angiotensin-converting enzyme
With otosclerosis, bone forms around the oval window, which causes a stiffening or fixation, known as _________, of the stapes bone.
ankylosis
_____partum means before childbirth.
ante
Which of the following prefixes can mean before?
ante-, pre-
The forward bend of an organ is called:
anteflexion
The combining form for front is:
anter/o
The image below illustrates the __________ view. (man lying on his back)
anteroposterior
A protein that is produced to work against an antigen (foreign body) is a(n) ______body.
anti
Maria was given Benadryl, a(n) ______histamine, to relieve the itching caused by her allergic reaction to poison ivy.
anti
Mrs. Needle had a grand mal seizure. Her physician prescribed Dilantin, a(n) ______convulsant, to prevent further seizures.
anti
The prefix in the term antibodies is _____, which means ________.
anti-, against
In systemic circulation, blood flows to the ________ after it leaves the left side of the heart.
aorta
The combining form aort/o means:
aorta
The largest artery in the body is the _________.
aorta
A system for scoring an infant's physical condition to determine the need for immediate intervention is called:
apgar scoring
separation of blood into it component parts by spinning a blood sample at high speeds in a centrifuge
apheresis
kind of anemia where bone marrow fails to produce red blood cells
aplastic
This type of sweat gland is large and embedded in the dermal layer of the skin under the arms and near the genitals.
apocrine
The pain on Ben's lower right side leads the emergency department team to suspect an inflammation of his ________, the pouch that hangs from his cecum.
appendix
An ________meter is an electronic device used to measure hearing sensitivity by delivering a series of acoustic tones that cover a range of frequencies.
audio
A peculiar sensory sensation often preceding the onset of a seizure is called:
aura
Flap of the ear is called the:
auricle
Sound waves enter the ear with the aid of the ___________, or pinna. They are conducted along the ___________ to the ___________, or eardrum.
auricle, auditory meatus, tympanic membrane
Listening to sounds within the body with a stethoscope is called:
auscultation
A(n) _____immune disease is one in which the body s immune system works against itself.
auto
When the tolerance of self-antigens fails, immune cells react against normal cells, resulting in various pathologic conditions called _______________.
autoimmune diseases
a condition in which a person's body makes an antibody that destroys platelets
autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura
The prefix ab- means ________; the opposite of ab- is _____.
away from, ad-
The collection of stationary lymph tissue in the armpits is comprised of:
axillary nodes
This threadlike extension carries impulses along a nerve cell.
axon
An antibiotic that kills bacteria is called:
bacteriocidal
Tetracyclines are ________ antibiotics that inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi, and parasites.
bacteriostatic
Marsha has developed a contact dermatitis on her face, neck, and arms. She has developed such reactions in the past but has been unable to identify the causative agent. She now goes to see the dermatologist for allergy testing. A patch test is done. A patch test is performed by:
application to the skin of test substances under gauze of filter paper
________ous humor is the fluid found in the anterior chamber of the eye.
aque
Men________ is the beginning of the first menstrual period.
arche
In preparation for his lower gastrointestinal (GI) series, Mr. Ostertag was given an enema containing ________, which is a sulfate-based contrast medium.
barium
BE is the abbreviation for:
barium enema
What is the name of the x-ray study that images the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum?
barium swallow/UGI
The two small, rounded exocrine glands on either side of the vaginal opening that produce a lubricating mucus secretion are the:
bartholin glands
Which type of skin cancer occurs most frequently?
basal cell carcinoma
What is the deepest region of the epidermis?
basal layer
The ________ of the lung rests on the diaphragm.
base
this white blood cell contains heparin and histamine
basophil
white blood cell type that has granules that stain dark purple in response to alkaline dye
basophil
The prefix pre- means _________; the opposite of pre- is _____.
before or in front of, post-
________ palsy is a disorder of the facial nerve that results in unilateral facial paralysis.
bell
Acoustic neuroma is a(n) _________ tumor arising from the acoustic nerve in the brain and growing in the internal auditory canal.
benign
The three major types of blood vessels in the body are the ________, ________, and ________.
arteries, veins, capillaries
The medical term for a small artery is _________.
arteriole
Which of the following terms contains a suffix that means small?
arteriole
The smallest of the arterial vessels are called:
arterioles
A term that means a hardening of the arteries is:
arteriosclerosis
The medical term for the condition of hardening of the arteries is ___________.
arteriosclerosis
The combining form arter/o means:
artery
Choose the combining form that means joint.
arthr/o
A synonym for arthrodynia is:
arthralgia
The medical term for pain in a joint is:
arthralgia
A patient who has an inflammation of the joints has:
arthritis
The medical term that means inflammation of the joint is:
arthritis
The physician ordered analgesics for Ms. Chang to reduce her inflammation and pain from degenerative joint disease, or osteo________.
arthritis
________ means inflammation of the joints and is composed of the combining form ____ and the suffix _____.
arthritis, arthr/o, -itis
________plasty means surgical repair of a joint.
arthro
________scopy is the visualization and removal or repair of damaged joint tissue.
arthro
Surgical puncture to remove fluid from a joint is called:
arthrocentesis
Which term means surgical puncture to remove fluid from a joint?
arthrocentesis
The surgical fixation of a joint is called:
arthrodesis
Taking radiographs after injecting the joint with opaque contrast material is called:
arthrography
Taking radiographs of a joint after injecting the joint with opaque contrast material is called:
arthrography
The visual examination of the interior of a joint is:
arthroscopy
__________ is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen.
ascites
The withdrawal of fluid from a cavity or sac with an instrument using suction is called:
aspiration
A chronic, intermittent bronchial inflammatory disorder, also known as reactive airway disease, is:
asthma
Mrs. Farrell's symptoms paroxysmal dyspnea, wheezing, coughing-are indicators of bronchial edema and constriction and increased mucus production, otherwise known as:
asthma
The term for a defective curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye is ___________.
astigmatism
"Star cells" called __________ are a type of glial cell that transports water and salts from capillaries.
astrocytes
________ectasis means incomplete expansion of a lung (collapsed lung).
atel
Formation of fatty deposits on the inner lining of the coronary arteries is:
atherosclerosis
A person who is prone to allergies can be described as being:
atopic
An inflammatory skin reaction due to sensitivity to an environmental allergen is _______________________.
atopic dermatitis
The two upper chambers of the heart are the __________, and the two lower chambers are the __________.
atria, ventricles
AF is the abbreviation for:
atrial fibrillation
________ is a cardiac dysrhythmia characterized by rapid, regular contractions.
atrial flutter
A small hole in the wall between the atria is called a(n) _____________, which is abbreviated ___.
atrial septal defect, ASD
AV is the abbreviation for:
atrioventricular
The area of specialized cardiac tissue that receives the cardiac impulse from the sinoatrial node is the:
atrioventricular node
The combining form atri/o means:
atrium
Mr. Powell, age 74, presents to his urologist with symptoms of bladder obstruction: urgency, nocturia, dribbling, and inability to empty his bladder completely. Digital rectal examination reveals his prostate to be enlarged. His PSA is elevated. After further urologic testing, Mr. Powell is diagnosed with BPH, which means that Mr. Powell has a:
benign overgrowth of the prostate gland
The prefix ultra- means:
beyond
_____lateral means pertaining to both sides of the body (or a unit).
bi
Baby James's parents were told that he had spina ________, a congenital defect in the spinal column due to imperfect union of vertebral parts.
bifida
If pain occurs in both knees, it is said to be:
bilateral
Cholangiography is the radiographic examination of the:
biliary system
One of the substances tested for in urinalysis is the hemoglobin pigment called _______________.
bilirubin
The liver releases a pigment in the bile called:
bilirubin
formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin
bilirubin
heme is broken apart into iron and the pigment
bilirubin
The ability to see one image using both eyes is called:
binocular vision
A(n) ___________ pacemaker enables ventricles to beat together in synchrony so that more blood is pumped out of the heart.
biventricular
the name for the test that measures the time required for blood to stop flowing from a tiny puncture wound
bleeding time test
The medical term that describes inflammation of the eyelid is:
blepharitis
Mrs. Milio, age 60, was diagnosed with glaucoma 12 years ago and regularly instills miotic eye drops to control her glaucoma. Glaucoma is caused by:
blocked outflow of the aqueous humor
-emia
blood condition
FBS abbreviates the medical term for a:
blood test to determine the amount of glucose
when whole blood or cells are taken from a donor and infused into a patient, the procedure is called
blood transfusion
The test that measures the amount of urea in the blood is called:
blood urea nitrogen
The abbreviation BM means:
bowel movement
The abbreviation BM stands for:
bowel movement
The __________ is the cup-shaped capsule surrounding the glomeruli.
bowman's capsule
Mr. Canton was diagnosed with a heart block. As a result, he had a slow heartbeat, or _____cardia.
brady
An abnormally slow heart rate is:
bradycardia
The combining form encephal/o means:
brain
The lower portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum and spinal cord is the:
brain stem
Drugs can have three different names: the chemical name, the generic name, and the _________ name.
brand
The suffix -lysis means:
breakdown, separation
Lactation is performed by the:
breast
Cephalo_____ means from the head to the feet.
caudal
_______ is toward the coccyx or feet. The opposite direction is ________.
caudal, cephalic
A burning pain experienced as a result of a peripheral nerve injury is called:
causalgia
The combining form eti/o means:
cause
The combining form stern/o means:
breastbone
Mr. Milorio is 73. He presents to his physician with complaints of a persistent cough. He has smoked a pack of cigarettes a day since he was 17. After a physical examination, the physician schedules Mr. Milorio for a bronchoscopy. The findings were suspicious for an infiltrating tumor. A bronchoscopy is a visual examination of the:
bronchial tubes
What is the medical term for chronic dilation of the bronchi?
bronchiectasis
The smallest subdivision of the bronchial tree is the:
bronchiole
The ___________ glands lie just below the prostate gland and secrete fluid into the urethra.
bulbourethral
What is the name of the exocrine gland near the male urethra?
bulbourethral gland
Large vesicles are called:
bullae
The medical term that means inflammation of the bursa is:
bursitis
The abbreviation for biopsy is ___.
bx
The abbreviation for vertebrae in the neck region is:
c1-c7
Hyper____emia means high amounts of calcium in the blood.
calc
Destruction of abnormal tissue with chemicals or an electrically heated instrument is called:
cauterization
What is the treatment for cervical dysplasia or cervical erosion that uses heat?
cauterization
The ____ is the first part of the large intestine.
cecum
On the image below, which part of the lower leg and foot is indicated by label G? (pointing to heel)
calcaneus
Protrusion of the urinary bladder through the vaginal wall is a cysto_____.
cele
The fundamental unit of all animals and plants is the:
cell
Which of the thyroid hormones induces calcium to leave the blood and enter bones for increased bone formation?
calcitonin
The combining form calci/o means:
calcium
The formation of bone depends on a good supply of __________ and __________ to the bone tissue.
calcium, phophorus
The medical term for a stone is:
calculus
A combining form for calyx is:
calic/o
The cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis is the:
calyx
The small, cup-shaped region that collects urine is called:
calyx
The part of the cell that regulates what passes into and out of the cell is the:
cell membrane
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disrupts:
cell-mediated immunity (T helper cells)
The brain and spinal cord make up the ________ nervous system.
central
Spongy, porous, trabecular bone is called:
cancellous bone
The term for a type of headache is:
cephalgia
The term that means pertaining to the head is:
cephalic
_______ means pertaining to the head.
cephalic
This posterior portion of the brain coordinates voluntary muscle movements and maintains balance.
cerebellum
_____________ is the radiographic imaging of the blood vessels in the brain after injection of contrast medium.
cerebral angiography
Accelerating to get through a traffic light before it turned red, Jason was hit broadside by a car coming from the right and flipped. Three backseat passengers were treated and hospitalized for injuries. One backseat passenger lost consciousness at the scene of the accident. However, by the time he arrived at the hospital one hour later, he had regained consciousness and was coherent. No neurologic deficits were noted after a 24-hour observation period. This type of head injury is called a:
cerebral concussion
The __________ is the outer region of the cerebrum.
cerebral cortex
The ER physician suspected Baby Chang had meningitis and performed a lumbar puncture to obtain ________spinal fluid for analysis.
cerebro
The watery fluid that flows throughout the brain and spinal cord is:
cerebrospinal fluid
CVA is the abbreviation for:
cerebrovascular accident
Mrs. Granger, age 77, has a history of hypertension and atherosclerosis. During the past 3 months, she has experienced temporary episodes of paresthesia and paresis of the right arm consistent with TIAs. She now enters the hospital with a CVA. She has aphasia and right-sided hemiplegia. Mrs. Granger's diagnosis on hospitalization was:
cerebrovascular accident
The combining form cerebr/o means:
cerebrum
The largest and uppermost section of the brain is the:
cerebrum
The medical term for earwax, the substance that lubricates the ear and prevents the entry of foreign particles:
cerumen
The combining form meaning neck is:
cervic/o
On the image below, which region of spinal vertebrae is indicated by label A? (C1-C7 on spine)
cervical
Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is a strong risk factor for:
cervical cancer
The collection of stationary lymph tissue in the neck region is known as the:
cervical nodes
The medical term for inflammation of the cervix is:
cervicitis
The lower, necklike portion of the uterus is the:
cervix
Surgical incision of the abdominal wall and uterus to deliver a fetus is called:
cesarean section
The removal of the fetus by abdominal incision into the uterus is called:
cesarean section
A small, hard, cystic mass on the eyelid is a _________.
chalazion
The first stage of syphilis is accompanied by the appearance of a red, bloodless ulcer on the external genitals, called a __________.
chancre
The first stage of syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease, is accompanied by the appearance of a red, bloodless, painless ulcer called a:
chancre
Due to the repetitive motion of her computer data entry job, Louisa experienced pain and tingling sensations in the thumb and first three fingers of her left hand from compression of the median nerve in the _______al tunnel.
carp
On the image below, which part of the musculoskeletal system is indicated by label E? (lower part of palm)
carpal bones
The medical condition caused by the median nerve being compressed by a wrist ligament as it passes between that ligament and the bones and tendons of the wrist is:
carpal tunnel syndrome
the suffix in the term electrophoresis means
carrying
One example of connective tissue is:
cartilage
The surgical excision of the testicles is called:
castration
The process of breaking down complex substances to release energy is called:
catabolism
The clouding of the lens, causing decreased vision, is called:
cataract
The combining form thorac/o means:
chest
CXR is the abbreviation for:
chest x-ray
The combining form toc/o means:
childbirth
Symptoms of this bacterial infection include a burning sensation during urination and discharge from the penis.
chlamydia
A percutaneous transhepatic ________, or injection of contrast via a needle through the skin and into the liver, was performed to assist in determining the cause of Mr. DiMarco's jaundice.
cholangiography
A diagnostic radiologic imaging study of the bile and pancreatic ducts in which contrast medium is injected via a catheter tube through the mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, and then into the bile ducts is called endoscopic retrograde _____________________.
cholangiopancreatography
Surgical removal of the gallbladder is:
cholecystectomy
Collection of skin cells and cholesterol in a sac in the middle ear is called:
cholesteatoma
Hyper___________ means increased cholesterol in the blood.
cholesterolemia
The combining form for cartilage is:
chondr/o
The hypo_____ regions of the abdomen are located to the right and left of the epigastric region.
chondriac
What is the term for surgical repair of cartilage?
chondroplasty
Which of the following is a procedure that tests placental tissue for prenatal diagnosis?
chorionic villus sampling
The middle vascular layer of the eye is the:
choroid
Rodlike structures within the nucleus are:
chromosomes
Mr. Harris, who does not drink alcohol, is stunned to hear that he has cirrhosis. The physician explains that cirrhosis is a(n):
chronic degeneration of liver tissue that is replaced with scar tissue
CLL is the abbreviation for
chronic lymphocytic leukemia
CML
chronic myelogenous leukemia
Myringotomy to ventilate the middle ear may be necessary in cases of:
chronic otitis media
Mr. Johnson is diagnosed with emphysema. You know that this lung disorder is strongly associated with:
cigarette smoking
The structure that contains the muscles that control the shape of the lens is the:
ciliary body
What is the procedure that removes the foreskin around the glans penis?
circumcision
Timothy had a fever and his tonsils were enlarged and inflamed. After a throat culture, his pediatrician's diagnosis was tonsillitis due to the strepto_____ bacterium.
coccal
The term that means pertaining to the tailbone is:
coccygeal
________ means pertaining to the tailbone.
coccygeal
On the image below, which region of spinal vertebrae is indicated by label E?
coccyx
The medical term for the tailbone is:
coccyx
What is the medical term for the tailbone?
coccyx
The snail-shaped tube in the inner ear is the:
cochlea
After sound enters the inner ear, it is picked up by the sensory hair cells of the __________, which produce impulses that are transmitted by the __________ to the cerebral cortex.
cochlea, auditory nerve fibers
A device that allows deaf people to understand the spoken word by converting words to electrical impulses and stimulating the auditory nerve is a(n):
cochlear implant
This surgically implanted device enables patients with sensorineural hearing loss to understand speech.
cochlear implant
A term that means sexual intercourse is:
coitus
The structural protein material found in the dermal layer of the skin is called:
collagen
The combining form clavicul/o means:
collarbone
The visual examination of the entire large intestine is called a:
colonoscopy
The visual examination of the mucosal lining of the length of the large intestine is a:
colonscopy
special proteins called _______, abbreviated _____ trigger the production, maturation, and activation of granulocytes
colony-stimulating factors, CSFs
The C in "ABCDE" stands for:
color
The surgical creation of an opening between the large intestine and the outside of the body is called:
colostomy
When used with a combining form for an organ, the suffix -stomy means an opening to the outside of the body. What is the medical term for an opening from the colon to the outside of the body?
colostomy
Examination of the vagina and cervix with a special magnifying instrument is called a ________scopy.
colpo
Visual examination of the vagina and cervix using a lighted magnifying instrument resembling mounted binoculars is called:
colposcopy
The word part cardi/o is a:
combining form
The word part enter/o is a:
combining form
The word part gastr/o is a:
combining form
A letter linking a suffix and a root, or linking two roots, in a term is the:
combining vowel
The sebum plug (blackhead) characteristic of acne is called a:
comedone
With a _________ fracture, the bone is splintered or crushed in several places.
comminuted
Hard, dense bone tissue is:
compact bone
Proteins in the blood that help antibodies and T cells kill their targets are called the:
complement system
Blood screening that includes an RBC count, a WBC count with differential, a platelet count, hemoglobin and hematocrit, and red blood cell indices is called a(n) ________, which is abbreviated ________.
complete blood count, CBC
blood screening the includes an RBC count, a WBC count with differential, a platelet count, hemoglobin and hematocrit, and red blood cell indices is called ___________, which is abbreviated ____
complete blood count, CBC
The suffix -sclerosis means:
condition of hardening
The suffix -y means:
condition or process
This type of hearing loss results from impairment of the middle ear ossicles and membranes that transmit sound waves into the cochlea.
conductive
Removal of a cone-shaped section of the cervix for biopsy is called:
cone biopsy
The receptor cells responsible for color vision are the:
cones
Tetany is defined as:
constant muscle contraction
A decreased motility of the colon in which defecation becomes difficult because the feces are dry and hard, often caused by slow peristalsis or inadequate diet, is called ______________.
constipation
Cathartics are a class of drug that relieves:
constipation
CAPD stands for:
continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
This device continuously senses and records blood glucose levels.
continuous glucose monitoring system
The term _____lateral means pertaining to the opposite side.
contra
Vaccination is dangerous or ill-advised (against use) if a patient is immunosuppressed. Therefore, immunosuppression is usually a _____indication for vaccination.
contra
Which prefix combined with lateral means pertaining to the opposite side of the body?
contra-
Systole is the rhythmic ________ phase of the cardiac cycle.
contraction
Failure of the right side of the heart to pump sufficiently to the lungs, causing enlargement of the right ventricle, is known as ___________________.
cor pulmonale
One meaning of the combining form kerat/o is:
cornea
After an ovarian follicle ruptures and releases the ovum, it matures to a golden yellow color and is called a/n:
corpus luteum
The empty graafian follicle that secretes progesterone after release of the egg cell is called the:
corpus luteum
The outer region of the kidney is the:
cortex
A(n) ____________steroid is a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex.
cortico
The combining form for skull is:
crani/o
On the image below, which major body cavity is indicated by label D? (pointing to brain)
cranial
The _______ body cavity is where the pituitary gland is located.
cranial
The ________ cavity is where the pituitary gland is found.
cranial
The dorsal cavity includes the _______ and _______ cavities.
cranial, spinal
Elevated serum levels of ____________ can indicate muscular dystrophies, polymyositis, or myopathy.
creatine kinase
The test that measures the ability of the kidney to remove creatinine from the blood is called:
creatinine clearance
________ is a congenital condition associated with extreme hypothyroidism and characterized by dwarfism and mental retardation.
cretinism
________ is a viral infection with obstruction of the larynx.
croup
The _____ of the tooth lies _____ the gum line.
crown, above
Mrs. Zucker was being treated with glucocorticoids for rheumatoid arthritis. As a result, she developed symptoms caused by excess ACTH secretion, which is called:
crushing syndrome
Application of intensely cold liquid nitrogen to destroy tissue is called:
cryosurgery
Which clinical procedure uses liquid nitrogen to destroy tissue?
cryosurgery
One term for a congenital condition in which one or both testes are undescended (and, therefore, hidden or concealed) is called ________orchism.
crypt
Needle aspiration of fluid from the cul-de-sac is _____centesis.
culdo
Sputum __________ are used to detect the pathogen infecting the lungs or breathing passages.
cultures
Articular cartilage functions to:
cushion joints and allow them to move smoothly and efficiently
What is the band of epidermis at the base and side of the nail plate that covers the nail root called?
cuticle
The condition inspiring the name "blue babies" due to the bluish cast of the skin from lack of adequate oxygen in the blood is ________.
cyanosis
A combining form for the urinary bladder is:
cyst/o
The combining form that means bladder is:
cyst/o
The creation of an artificial opening into the bladder is called a(n) ______stomy.
cysto
A(n) __________ is the visual examination of the bladder by means of a lighted instrument inserted into the urethra.
cystoscopy
The visual examination of the urinary bladder is a procedure called:
cystoscopy
Which is the diagnostic procedure that involves the introduction of a hollow metal tube into the urinary meatus and up into the bladder?
cystoscopy
The combining form for cell is:
cyt/o
Mr. Huchinson has decreased production of clotting cells, or thrombo_____, from his treatment with cancer drugs, or chemo_____.
cytes, therapy
Interferon and interleukins are examples of:
cytokines
______________ are chemical messengers secreted by T cells that aid cells to kill antigens.
cytokines
The gelatinous fluid substance outside the nucleus but within a cell is called:
cytoplasm
The material within the cell membrane that carries out the work of the cell is the:
cytoplasm
Which prefix combined with hydration means process of removing fluids?
de-
When a blood clot forms in a large vein, usually in a lower limb, the condition is called:
deep vein thrombosis
_______ means away from the surface. Its opposite is ________.
deep, superficial
_____ is the removal of solid waste through the anus.
defecation
________________is the elimination of fecal matter from the digestive system through the rectum and anus.
defecation
The application of brief electrical discharges across the chest to stop ventricular fibrillation is:
defibrillation
Lymphocytopenia is a(n):
deficiency of lymph cells
Mr. Casey, 81, has had osteoarthritis for several years and is entering the hospital for a right total hip replacement. Another name for osteoarthritis is:
degenerative joint disease
Mrs. Kane complains of trouble with swallowing. Another term for swallowing is ___________.
deglutition
A general term for progressive neurologic conditions characterized by a gradual decline in mental ability is __________:
dementia
The first part of the nerve cell to receive the impulse is the:
dendrite
Antigen-presenting cells that show T and B cells what to attack are:
dendritic cells
SSRIs are used to treat:
depression
______________ is a surgical procedure for removing scars associated with acne.
dermabrasion
A term that means pertaining to the skin is:
dermal
________logy is the study of the skin and skin diseases.
dermato
Which layer of skin contains blood and lymph vessels, nerve fibers, hair follicles, and sebaceous and sweat glands?
dermis
Electro__________ is a procedure that destroys tissue by burning with an electric spark.
desiccation
Electro___________ is a procedure that destroys tissue by burning with an electric spark.
desiccation
A scleral buckle is used to repair a:
detached retina
The ELISA laboratory test is used to:
detect the presence of HIV antibodies
Mr. Ling, age 58, saw his physician for a routine checkup. As part of the physical examination, a stool guaiac test was done to:
determine the presence of hidden blood in the feces
In the term achondroplasia, the suffix means:
development, formation, growth
Frequent passage of loose, watery stools (flow through the bowel) is called _____rrhea.
dia
DM is the abbreviation for:
diabetes mellitus
This condition occurs when too little insulin is secreted or insulin cannot be used properly by the body.
diabetes mellitus
Which technique removes impurities (wastes) from the bloodstream because the kidneys are no longer able to do so?
dialysis
The muscle separating the chest and abdomen is the:
diaphragm
This broad band of muscle separates the chest and abdomen and contracts and expands during respiration:
diaphragm
The midportion, or shaft, of a long bone is the:
diaphysis
With ________ congestive heart failure, fluid backs up in the lungs and other parts of the body.
diastolic
Mrs. Farrell comes to the emergency department exhibiting the following symptoms: paroxysmal dyspnea, wheezing, and coughing. Dyspnea means that Mrs. Farrell is experiencing:
difficult breathing/shortness of breath
The suffix -pepsia means:
digestion
The _______ system includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.
digestive
DICOM is the abbreviation for:
digital image communication in medicine
DRE is the abbreviation for:
digital rectal examination
DSA is the abbreviation for:
digital subtraction angiography
D&C is the abbreviation for:
dilation and curettage
An acute bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract that causes a leathery false membrane to form in the throat and the tonsils is:
diphtheria
The medical term for double vision is:
diplopia
Poly______ is a term for excessive thirst.
dipsia
Radiographic (x-ray) examination of a cervical or lumbar intervertebral disk after injection of a contrast material into the interior of the disk is:
diskography
What is the radiographic imaging procedure in which an x-ray image of the cervical or lumbar intervertebral disk is obtained after injection of contrast medium into the interior of the disk?
diskography
The small pads of cartilage in the intervertebral spaces are called:
disks
The foot is at the ______ end of the lower leg.
distal
On the image below, which part of the musculoskeletal system is indicated by label A? (tip of middle finger)
distal phalanx
The hand is at the ________ end and the elbow is at the _______ end of the lower arm.
distal, proximal
Lasix is prescribed for Mr. Garrison to lower his blood pressure. Since it reduces blood volume by stimulating the kidney to remove water and salt (excreted in the urine), it is categorized as a(n):
diuretic
Which ultrasound imaging procedure allows for visualization of blood flow in moving structures?
doppler studies
Focusing sound waves on a blood vessel to measure the velocity of blood flow is:
doppler ultrasound
This imaging study uses sound waves to detect blood flow in the carotid and intracranial arteries.
doppler ultrasound
The heel of the foot is on the _______ side of the body.
dorsal
_______ means pertaining to the back of the body. Its opposite direction is ________.
dorsal, ventral
Decreasing the angle of the ankle joint so that the foot bends backward (upward toward the top of the foot) is called _______flexion.
dorsi
The chromosomal abnormality that results in mental retardation and an increased risk for certain medical conditions is:
down syndrome
The prefix cata- means ________; the opposite of cata- is _____.
down, ana-
A set of x-rays of the bones in the spinal column, pelvis, and wrist to detect bone density is called a(n):
dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry
The vas deferens is also known as the _____ deferens.
ductus
Jennifer's physician suspects she may have an ulcer in the _______, which is the first section of her small intestine.
duodenum
The first portion of the small intestine, into which the stomach releases chyme, is known as:
duodenum
The outer layer of the meninges is called the ________ mater.
dura
Children affected with pituitary ______ism are normal mentally, but their bones remain small and underdeveloped.
dwarf
A patient with an inflammation of the stomach and intestines has:
gastroenteritis
The study of the stomach and intestines and their diseases is called:
gastroenterology
The study of the stomach and intestines is called:
gastroenterology
The term that means study of the stomach and intestines is:
gastroenterology
GERD is the abbreviation for:
gastroesophageal reflux disease
GI means:
gastrointestinal
The four functions of the __________ tract include ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination.
gastrointestinal
The surgical creation of a new opening between the stomach and the second part of the small intestines is termed:
gastrojejunostomy
The legal, noncommercial name for a drug is its ________ name.
generic
Mr. Garrison was diagnosed with congestive heart failure. His blood pressure was 166/98 and his pulse 96. The physician wrote the following directives: digoxin (Lanoxin) 0.5 mg IM now, then digoxin 0.25 mg PO qd furosemide (Lasix) 40 mg PO qd Digoxin is this drug's:
generic name
Regions of DNA within each chromosome are called:
genes
Carcino_____ means producing or forming cancer.
genesis
Another term for pregnancy is:
gestation
As a result of hormonal changes, Mrs. Augustina developed _____________ diabetes during the third trimester of her pregnancy. Her blood sugar returned to normal after delivery.
gestational
Hyperfunctioning of the pituitary gland before puberty that leads to abnormal overgrowth of the body is called:
gigantism
Surgical removal of part of the gums is called _____ectomy.
gingiv
Balan/o means:
glans penis
The sensitive tip of the penis is called the:
glans penis
The combining form vitre/o means:
glassy
Mimi s medical report records an increase in IOP, or intraocular pressure, which would indicate:
glaucoma
When the outflow of aqueous humor is blocked causing an increase of intra-ocular pressure, which over time causes loss of vision, the condition is called:
glaucoma
Which of the following nervous system cells do not transmit impulses throughout the body?
glial
Mrs. Jarod's seizures, visual disturbances, and memory deficit were caused by increased intracranial pressure from a malignant, rapidly growing tumor called ________blastoma multiforme.
glio
_______ is a plasma protein that serves as a defense mechanism of the immune system
globulin
the portion of plasma that contains antibodies to protect the body against antigens
globulin
A combining form for glomerulus is:
glomerul/o
The abbreviation GFR stands for:
glomerular filtration rate
During filtration, blood pressure forces materials through ________, which act as filters.
glomeruli
________nephritis is the inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney.
glomerulo
Which term means inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney?
glomerulonephritis
Which structure is a tiny ball of capillaries?
glomerulus
The opening between the vocal cords is the:
glottis
This substance increases blood sugar.
glucagon
Hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex that help to maintain glucose levels in the blood are called:
glucocorticoids
A(n) ____________ is used in blood glucose monitoring.
glucometer
The medical term for simple blood sugar is:
glucose
Hyper_________ means an increased level of blood glucose (sugar).
glycemia
Excess glucose in the bloodstream is removed by the liver and stored as:
glycogen
The breakdown of glycogen into glucose is called:
glycogenolysis
A major sign of diabetes mellitus, detected in urinalysis, is glucose (sugar) in the urine, or _______uria.
glycos
The term that means sugar in the urine is:
glycosuria
To measure long-term blood glucose control, a(n) ___________ hemoglobin test is done.
glycosylated
To measure long-term blood glucose control, a(n) ______________ hemoglobin test is done.
glycosylated
Mr. Jansen lived in Wisconsin and had an enlarged thyroid gland, or endemic ____________, due to a deficiency of ______________ in the diet, common among peoples in his geographic region of the state.
goiter, iodine
A sexually transmitted disease that results in urethritis, dysuria, and an abnormal mucopurulent discharge from the urethra is called ________rrhea.
gono
The physician ordered the medications allopurinol and colchicine to treat Mr. Newton's ____________ arthritis, a disease associated with accumulation of uric acid in the blood, joints, and nearby soft tissue. Mr. Newton's chief complaint was extreme pain in his left great toe, a condition often called ______________.
gouty, podagra
An echocardio_____ is the record of the structure and motion of the heart produced by using sound.
gram
After testing, Mrs. Whitney was told by her physician that she had ______________, the most common form of hyperthyroidism due to excessive secretion of the thyroid hormones. One of her symptoms was protrusion of the eyeballs, or ____________.
graves disease, exophthalmos
Ms. Kazie, who has never been pregnant, or is nulli _________, was diagnosed with fibrocystic disease.
gravida
Multi________ is a term that refers to a woman who has been pregnant more than once.
gravida
Which minimally invasive procedure may be used instead of TURP for the treatment of BPH?
green-light PVP
A stool ______ is a colon cancer screening test that detects occult blood in the stool.
guaiac
The combining form audi/o means:
hearing
The suffix -cusis in the term presbycusis means:
hearing
Audiometry is done to determine:
hearing acuity
The combining form coron/o means:
heart
The combining form calcane/o means:
heel bone
T cells that aid B cells in recognizing antigens and stimulating antibody production are:
helper T cells
A smoky red color to the urine is indicative of blood in the urine, or ________uria.
hemat
________uria is smoky red urine due to the presence of blood.
hemat
Mr. Golitz was admitted to the hospital with GI bleeding. BRBPR was noted on the medical record. Another term for BRBPR is:
hematochezia
the percentage of erythrocytes in a volume of blood
hematocrit
A patient with an erythrocyte disorder would probably see a specialist in:
hematology
formation of blood cells
hematopoiesis
the normal formation of blood cells in the bone marrow is called
hematopoiesis
During _____ transplantation, peripheral stem cells from a donor are administered to a recipient
hematopoietic stem cell
A _____glossectomy means the surgical removal of half of the tongue.
hemi
Loss of vision in half of the visual field that can occur with a stroke is called:
hemianopsia
HD is the abbreviation for:
hemodialysis
____________, abbreviated ____, is the use of an artificial kidney machine to remove waste materials from the bloodstream when the kidneys no longer function.
hemodialysis, HD
All of the following are types of blood cells except:
hemoglobin
blood protein that enables the transport of oxygen
hemoglobin
the blood protein in RBCs that enable the RBCs to carry oxygen
hemoglobin
_________ is the reduction in red blood cells due to excessive destruction
hemolytic anemia
______ is excessive bleeding caused by a congenital lack of one of the protein factors necessary for blood clotting
hemophilia
excessive bleeding caused by congenital lack of one of the protein factors necessary for blood clotting is
hemophilia
A burst of bleeding somewhere in the body would be called:
hemorrhage
Chronic constipation can put pressure on anal veins, causing swollen, twisted varicose veins in the rectal region, called:
hemorrhoids
Choose the correct spelling for the word that means the stopping of the flow of blood.
hemostasis
which of the following is an anticoagulant substance found in blood and tissue cells?
heparin
A patient who had her liver removed underwent a:
hepatectomy
Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus is termed:
hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver is called
hepatitis
Mr. Arturo has an inflammation of the liver that may be caused by the _______ A, B, or C virus.
hepatitis
HBV is the abbreviation for:
hepatitis B virus
A tumor of the liver is called a(n):
hepatoma
The term for enlargement of the liver is:
hepatomegaly
The medical term for slipped disk is:
herniated disk
________ genitalis, caused by HSV II and usually transmitted by sexual contact, leads to the development of fluid-filled lesions on the genitals.
herpes
This sexually transmitted infection is not caused by a bacterium.
herpes genitalis
Reddened skin with small fluid-filled blisters and ulcers is a sign of the viral STD known as:
herpes genitalis (HSV)
Which condition develops in response to reactivation of the virus that causes chickenpox?
herpes zoster
_____ stomatitis is inflammation of the mouth caused by infection with the herpesvirus.
herpetic
The combining form crypt/o means:
hidden or concealed
The depression on the medial border of the kidney through which nerves and blood vessels pass is called the:
hilum
The midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs is called the:
hilum
The midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs is the:
hilum
Mrs. Pitt developed excessive hair on her face and body, or _________, due to excessive secretion of androgens caused by an adrenal tumor.
hirsutism
A malignant tumor of lymph tissue in the spleen and lymph nodes is called __________ disease, or lymphoma.
hodgkin
A lymphoma of unknown origin characterized by progressive enlargement of lymphoid tissue and symptoms of fever, weakness, night sweats, and weight loss is:
hodgkin disease
Diagnosis of ____________ is often made by identifying the Reed Sternberg cell in the lymph nodes.
hodgkin disease
Which diagnostic test records extended electrical activity of the heart during both rest and activity?
holter monitor
Infection of a sebaceous gland producing a small, superficial white nodule along the lid margin is called:
hordeolum
The suffix -one means:
hormone
HRT is the abbreviation for:
hormone replacement therapy
The function of the dermis is to:
house and support a system of nerves, vessels, and glands
Mr. Fergamo was given a(n) ________ to help him sleep.
hypnotic
_____dermic means below the skin; the word part you chose is a ______.
hypo, prefix
The prefix in the term hypoglycemia is:
hypo-
Which of the following prefixes may be added to the term dermic to create a new term that means pertaining to below the skin?
hypo-
Which prefix combined with calcemia means pertaining to deficient blood calcium?
hypo-
Which of the following is the medical term that describes low blood level of calcium.
hypocalcemia
The _____ region of the abdomen is directly below the umbilical region.
hypogastric
On the image below, which abdominopelvic region is indicated by label H? (bottom middle)
hypogastric region
Which complication occurs when a patient diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus takes too much insulin?
hypoglycemia
The congenital abnormality in which the urethral opening is on the underside of the penis instead of at the tip is called:
hypospadias
What is the term for a congenital opening of the urethra on the underside of the penis?
hypospadias
A region of the brain lying below the thalamus and above the pituitary gland and that secretes releasing factors and hormones that affect the pituitary gland is the:
hypothalamus
The __________ activates and integrates the autonomic nervous system and controls pituitary secretions.
hypothalamus
The secretions of the pituitary are controlled by signals transmitted from the:
hypothalamus
The condition of deficient oxygen supply is called _____.
hypoxia
A diagnostic test that involves the imaging of the uterus and fallopian tubes following the injection of contrast dye is:
hysterosalpingography
Radiographic (x-ray) imaging of the uterus and fallopian tubes after injection of contrast material is called:
hysterosalpingography
What is the name of the x-ray study that images the fallopian tubes and uterus?
hysterosalpingography
Tonic-clonic seizures are also known as _______ events.
ictal
After losing consciousness, falling, and seizing, Clio, age 5, was brought to the ER by his parents. Two more episodes of tonic-clonic seizures occurred in the ER. Anticonvulsants were started and an EEG ordered. Another term for tonic-clonic seizures is:
ictal events
________ twins are produced from a single fertilized ovum.
identical
If the cause of an illness or its treatment is unknown or not understood, it is called:
idiopathic
A(n) ________ is an unexpected drug effect in a particularly sensitive person.
idiosyncrasy
Federico's doctor believes he may have an obstruction where food enters the large intestine through the cecum. The cecum is a small pouch connected to the ileum at the _________.
ileocecal sphincter
A term for the portion of the small intestine is:
ileum
The loss of peristalsis that results in an obstruction of the intestines is:
ileus
The inguinal region is also called the:
iliac region
The term that refers to a part of the hip bone is:
ilium
The upper part of the pelvic bone is the:
ilium
AML is a condition characterized by a marked increase in the number of
immature granulocytes
in acute leukemia there is an increased number of
immature leukocytes
The ability of the body to resist foreign microorganisms, such as bacteria, parasites, and viruses, is known as:
immunity
______electrophoresis is a test that detects and differentiates abnormal levels of specific antibodies.
immuno
A term that describes any of a group of diseases caused by a defect in the immune system, characterized by susceptibility to infection and chronic diseases is _______________________________.
immunodeficiency
The laboratory test used to detect and differentiate abnormal levels of specific antibodies is:
immunoelecophoresis
IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM are collectively known as:
immunoglobins
IgM is the abbreviation for:
immunoglobulin M
antibodies that bind to and sometimes destroy antigens
immunogobulins
The use of immune cells, antibodies, or vaccines to treat disease is called:
immunotherapy
_____________ is a bacterial inflammatory skin disease characterized by vesicles, pustules, and crusted lesions.
impetigo
A(n) _____cision is a cut produced surgically with a sharp instrument.
in
The prefix endo- means _________; the opposite of endo- is _____.
in or within, ec- or ecto-
Amanda's blood specimen will be exposed to radioactive material for a(n) _________ study.
in vitro
IVF stands for:
in vitro fertilization
The suffix -tomy means:
incision
The term that means the process of cutting into is:
incision
Phlebotomy is a(n):
incision of a vein
Derek finds it easiest to floss his _______, the four upper front teeth in his dental arch.
incisors
Lymphadenitis is defined as:
inflammation of the lymph glands
IBD is the abbreviation for:
inflammatory bowel disease
Trauma sustained beneath the eye ( orbit/o) is _____orbital trauma.
infra
The prefix in the term infracostal is:
infra-
The _________ regions of the abdomen are located to the right and left of the hypogastric region.
inguinal
The right and left iliac regions are also known as the _______________ regions.
inguinal
The term that means pertaining to the groin is:
inguinal
Mr. Schmitt's doctor discovered a small loop of bowel protruding through a weak muscle in his patient's lower abdomen. Mr. Schmitt was diagnosed with a(n):
inguinal hernia
A collection of stationary lymph tissue in the groin region is known as the:
inguinal nodes
The collection of stationary lymph tissue in the groin region comprises:
inguinal nodes
Which drug administration route is shown in the image below? (inhaler looking tube in mouth)
inhalation
A person who is unable to sleep or remain asleep is called a(n):
insomniac
This substance decreases blood sugar.
insulin
The prefix in the term intercostals is:
inter-
Which prefix combined with costal creates a term that means pertaining to between the ribs?
inter-
Cramplike pain in the calf muscles caused by exercise and relieved by rest is called:
intermittent claudication
Cholangi_____ is the dilation of the bile ducts.
ectasis
Removal of the larynx is a laryng_____.
ectomy
An adjective that means outside of (normal) place is:
ectopic
________ is an inflammatory skin disease with erythematous papulovesicular lesions.
eczema
________ nerves carry impulses away from the brain and spinal cord.
efferent
On Monday, Maria attended classes to learn the process of recording the electrical impulses of the heart, termed:
electrocardiography
The diagnostic procedure that measures and records the electrical discharges of the brain is:
electroencephalography
Which procedure records electrical activity of the brain?
electroencephalography
A chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water is a(n):
electrolyte
The process of recording the strength of muscle contraction as the muscle is stimulated is __________graphy.
electromyo
This diagnostic imaging procedure can identify calcium deposits in and around coronary arteries.
electron beam computed tomography
Hemat_____ means vomiting blood.
emesis
Patients who vomit blood exhibit hemat_____.
emesis
If a child swallows poison, a(n) _______ would be used to induce vomiting.
emetic
Mrs. Oliphant's decreased production of erythrocytes and circulating hemoglobin has resulted in a blood condition called an_____.
emia
The physician's admitting note on Todd Johnson s chart indicated that Todd presented with fatigue, pallor, and easy bruising. Blood tests and a bone marrow biopsy revealed that Todd had an excessive increase in the number of abnormal or cancerous white blood cells, or leuk_____.
emia
Positron _________ ___________ can be used to assess small nodules first discovered on a computed tomography scan.
emission tomography
With which disorder do the alveolar walls lose their elasticity, become overinflated, and eventually rupture?
emphysema
The outermost protective layer of the crown of the tooth is called:
enamel
Electro________ is the recording of the electrical activity of the brain.
encephalography
A general term that means a disease state of the brain is ________:
encephalopathy
________ectomy is the excision of fatty deposits from the innermost lining of an artery.
endarter
Removal of plaques or fatty deposits from the innermost lining of an artery is called:
endarterectomy
To locate the source of his upper GI bleeding, Mr. Hannigan underwent gastrointestinal _____scopy, the visualization of the interior of his GI tract.
endo
________lymph is the protein-rich fluid inside the membranous labyrinth.
endo
Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart that occurs when microorganisms invade its surface is called ________itis.
endocard
________itis is the inflammation of the inner lining of the cervix.
endocervic
Progestin is a(n):
endocrine drug
Ms. Genelco was diagnosed with ________osis, a condition in which the inner tissue lining of the uterus proliferates and is transferred to sites outside the uterine cavity.
endometri
This disease occurs most often in menopausal women.
endometrial carcinoma
The medical term for the condition of endometrial tissue located outside the uterus is:
endometriosis
The network of canals within the cytoplasm where proteins are manufactured for use in the cell is a(n):
endoplasmic reticulum
A(n) _____________ is an instrument used for examining structures within the body.
endoscope
The use of an endoscope combined with ultrasound to examine the lining of the gastrointestinal tract is called:
endoscopic ultrasonography
Arlando is diagnosed with ________itis, which means he has an intestinal inflammation.
enter
____opathy means disease of the intestines. The word part you chose is a _________.
enter, word root
Receiving nutrition through the gastrointestinal tract is which type of nutrition?
enteral
A chemical that speeds up a reaction between substances is a(n):
enzyme
Mandy sees the suffix - ase turn up several times in a patient's lab results. She quickly concludes that this suffix means ________.
enzyme
What does ELISA stand for?
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
________________, which is abbreviated _____, is a test to screen blood for antibodies to the AIDS virus.
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA
Amylaze and lipase tests measure the levels of these ________ in the blood.
enzymes
With this procedure, new tissue from another location is used to cushion the damaged surface of an elbow joint.
interposition arthroplasty
This fluid becomes lymph when it enters lymph capillaries.
interstitial
The cells that form the connective and supportive tissue of the testes and secrete testosterone are the:
interstitial (leydig) cells
Fluid in the spaces between the cells is:
interstitial fluid
An acute reaction to certain drugs that leads to poor renal function, fever, and rash accompanied by eosinophils in the urine is called:
interstitial nephritis
Inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules is called:
interstitial nephritis
Performance of invasive procedures (therapeutic or diagnostic) by a radiologist with the aid of computed tomography or fluoroscopy is called:
interventional radiology
Enteritis is inflammation of the:
intestine
Ms. Tanager had two units of blood transfused into, or within, the veins; the procedure was done ____venously.
intra
Which prefix combined with venous means pertaining to into or within the veins?
intra-
Mrs. Ruggeri developed pleural effusions from metastatic lung disease. Nitrogen mustard was injected into her pleural cavity to treat the effusions. This route of drug administration is:
intracavitary
After a case of tuberculosis was diagnosed in a college dormitory, residents were tested by injection of a purified protein derivative of the tubercle bacilli into the upper layer of the skin, or by the __________ route.
intradermal
Which drug administration route is shown in the image below?
intradermal
The abbreviation IV means:
intravenous
Which drug administration route is shown in the image below? (needle puncturing a tube)
intravenous
IVP is the abbreviation for:
intravenous pyelogram
Mr. Kennedy is diagnosed with pernicious anemia. In pernicious anemia, RBC production is decreased due to lack of a protein called
intrinsic factor
One of a pair of comma-shaped, tightly coiled tubes in which sperm cells continue to mature is called the __________.
epididymis
The __________ carries sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the vas deferens.
epididymis
The tube located on the top of each testis that carries and stores sperm cells is the:
epididymis
The _________ region of the abdomen is located directly above the umbilical region.
epigastric
An antacid may be taken for:
epigastric discomfort
________ means pertaining to above the stomach; its word root is _____.
epigastric, gastr
A flap of tissue that closes over the larynx during swallowing to prevent material from entering the lungs is called:
epiglottis
The _________ prevents choking, or aspiration of food.
epiglottis
The combining form epiglott/o means:
epiglottis
On the image below, which abdominopelvic region is indicated by label B? (middle top)
epigrastric region
An anticonvulsant is used to treat:
epilepsy
This hormone mimics the sympathetic nervous system.
epinephrine
The combining form that means vulva is:
episi/o
The medical term for nosebleed is _____________.
epistaxis
________ tissue forms the linings of internal organs.
epithelial
One who makes diagnostic x-rays is a radiograph_____.
er
A wearing away or loss of epidermis is a(n):
erosion
Rheumatoid arthritis can be detected by a laboratory test called ______________, abbreviated ___, which is the rate at which erythrocytes settle at the bottom of a test tube.
erthrocyte sedimentation rate, ESR
This type of cell contains hemoglobin to carry oxygen:
erthyocyte
This hemolytic disease of the newborn is caused by Rh blood incompatibility between the mother and the fetus.
erythroblastosis fetalis
This neonatal condition is caused by a blood group incompatibility between mother and fetus.
erythroblastosis fetalis
A red blood cell is called an:
erythrocyte
A red blood cell is known as a(n):
erythrocyte
RBC is the number of __________ per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood.
erythrocytes
Which red blood cells are made in the bone marrow and carry oxygen from the lungs through the blood to all body cells?
erythrocytes
red blood cells are also called
erythrocytes
The renal hormone that stimulates red blood cell production is:
erythropoietin
hormone secreted by the kidneys to stimulate the bone marrow to make RBCs
erythropoietin
Varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus are called:
esophageal varices
Identify label 4 for anatomy of the digestive system. (pointing to chest)
esophagus
The hormones produced by the ovaries are _________ and _________.
estrogen, progesterone
Mrs. Meyer has been diagnosed with oral leukoplakia caused by chronic smoking. Her chronic smoking is described as an:
etiologic factor
The prefix in the term euthyroid is:
eu-
The channel between the middle ear and nasopharynx is the:
eustachian tube
The combining form salping/o means:
eustachian tube
The ear structure that provides an equalization of air pressure between the middle ear and external atmospheric pressure is the:
eustachian tube
The term that denotes normal function of the thyroid gland is:
euthyroid
Turning a body part outward is called:
eversion
The E in ABCDE stands for:
evolution
A prefix that means out or away from is:
ex-
Necropsy is a(n):
examination of a body after death
hemochromatosis is characterized by
excess iron deposits throughout the body
The prefix hyper- means _________; the opposite of hyper- is _____.
excessive or above, hypo-
A removal, or cutting out of, is a(n):
excision
The major function of the urinary system is to:
excrete nitrogenous waste
Which of the following is not a function of the digestive system?
excretion of nitrogenous waste products
Pelvic __________ is the surgical removal of pelvic organs.
exenteration
Carbon dioxide is:
exhaled through the lungs
The prostate and bulbourethral glands are both this type of gland, which refers to their function of releasing their secretions through ducts to the outside:
exocrine
Lengthening or straightening a limb is called:
extension
Straightening a limb is called:
extension
The scrotum is a(n):
external sac that encloses the testes
Fluid from tumors or infections that can cause pleural effusion:
exudates
The combining form ophthalm/o means:
eye
Exophthalmometry is the measurement of ____________ with an exophthalmometer.
eyeball protrusion
A condition in which one bowel segment collapses or telescopes into the opening of another segment is called:
intussusception
What is the medical term for turning a body part inward?
inversion
The suffix -spasm means:
involuntary contraction of a muscle
Which contrast medium is usually injected into a vein or body part or space to assist in x-ray visualization of that body part, organ, or space?
iodine compound
The ability of x-rays to cause disruption and rearrangement within a substance so that previously neutral particles become charged particles is called:
ionization
The colored portion of the eye is the:
iris
The combining form ir/o means:
iris
A pathologic fracture:
is caused by disease of the bone
Achalasia is:
failure of the lower esophageal sphincter muscle to relax
Fertilization of the ovum most often occurs in the:
fallopian tube
The fibrous membrane that separates and envelopes striated muscle is the:
fascia
The prefix tachy- means ________; the opposite of tachy- is _____.
fast, brady-
FBS is the abbreviation for:
fasting blood sugar
Adipocytes are _______ cells.
fat
The combining form adip/o means:
fat
Yellow marrow is composed chiefly of:
fat
The combining form ather/o means:
fatty substance
The combining form esthes/o means:
feeling or sensation
Deficient blood supply to the myocardium is:
ischemia
________ means decreased blood flow.
ischemia
____________ is a deficiency of blood supply in a part of the body.
ischemia
The posterior part of the pelvis is the:
ischium
A radio____________ is the unstable form of an element that emits radiation.
isotope or nuclide
One who specializes in treating diseases of the kidney is a nephrolog_____.
ist
Recording the fetal heart rate during labor is part of:
fetal monitoring
A human organism, from about 8 weeks to birth, is called a(n):
fetus
Extremely rapid and irregular contractions of the heart muscle are called _________.
fibrillation
Rapid, random, inefficient contraction of the atria or ventricles is called:
fibrillation
protein converted to fibrin in the clotting process
fibrinogen
Ms. Golitz presented to her gynecologist with lumps in her breasts. Further interview revealed that the lumps were sometimes associated with premenstrual tenderness and fullness. Ms. Golitz's probable diagnosis of her breast condition is the common benign condition known as:
fibrocystic disease
Pulmonary _________ is the formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lungs.
fibrosis
On the image below, which part of the lower leg and foot is indicated by label B? (pointing to outer bone of shin)
fibula
The ________ is the smaller of the two lower leg bones.
fibula
A monitoring device designed to detect and record the amount of radiation exposure is called a:
film badge
Finger-like projections on the outer end of the fallopian tubes that help move the ovum toward the uterus are:
fimbriae
The combining form phalang/o means:
finger and toe bones
Sunburn is classified as which type of burn?
first degree
Mrs. Watkins is being treated for a duodenal ulcer. Her ulcer is located in the:
first section of the small intestine
A cracklike sore is termed a(n):
fissure
A(n) _________ is a hairlike projection on a sperm cell that makes it motile.
flagellum
Bones that cover soft body parts are called:
flat bones
A term for gas expelled through the anus is:
flatus
Bending a limb is:
flexion
Bending a part of the body is called:
flexion
Mr. Chaney's physician told him that his chronic productive cough is from excess mucus secretion by an inflamed bronchial tree. Inflammation of the bronchi is called bronch_____.
itis
Diabetic retinopathy can be detected with ____________, a procedure that uses a dye to visualize blood flow in the retina.
fluorescein angiography
FSH is the abbreviation for:
follicle-stimulating hormone
This hormone influences the production of ova and sperm.
follicle-stimulating hormone
The prefix tetra- means:
four
The location of the area of sharpest vision in the eye is the:
fovea centralis
The general term for a broken bone is:
fracture
GB stands for:
gallbladder
Mrs. Zimmer had a cholecystectomy to remove her:
gallbladder
A(n) ___________ is a device that detects gamma rays emitted from radiopharmaceuticals.
gamma camera
Radiopharmaceutical drugs can be used to generate an image by mapping their distribution and rate of absorption in the body because they emit:
gamma rays
Which of the following kinds of radioactivity emitted by radionuclides has the greatest penetrating ability and the most ionizing power?
gamma rays
Death and subsequent decomposition of tissue associated with disruption of blood supply is:
gangrene
Choose the term that means surgical removal of the stomach.
gastrectomy
Surgical removal of all or part of the stomach is:
gastrectomy
__________ means removal of the stomach. The term is composed of the combining form ____ and the suffix _____.
gastrectomy, gastr/o, -ectomy
Reducing the size of the stomach and diverting food to the jejunum describes a procedure called:
gastric bypass
Jay s pediatrician ordered fungal tests and started him on fungicidal medication. Later, the results of the fungal tests confirmed the diagnosis. Fungal tests are performed by:
scraping the lesions and placing the cells on a growth medium
Two skin tests for allergic reaction are ___________ and ___________.
scratch test, patch test
The medical term for the external sac that contains the testes is:
scrotum
Saliva is secreted from all of the following glands except the:
sebaceous
An oil-secreting gland associated with hair follicles is a:
sebaceous gland
A benign skin neoplasm common in the elderly and characterized by thickened yellow or brown areas of the epidermis is called:
seborrheic keratosis
What is the oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands?
sebum
To test for male fertility, a(n) __________ would be ordered.
seman analysis
Semin/i means:
semen
What follow-up laboratory test will be done to determine the effectiveness of Mr. Thatcher's vasectomy?
semen analysis
Passages in the inner ear associated with maintaining equilibrium are the:
semicircular canals
Which gland secretes a fluid into the ejaculatory duct?
seminal vesicle
The ____________ are glands that secrete fluid into the vas deferens.
seminal vesicles
A narrow, coiled tubule that produces sperm in a testis is:
seminiferous
The combining form alges/o means:
sensitivity to pain
This scan is used to detect the motion of the heart wall muscle:
multiple-gated acquisition scan
A __________ is an abnormal, prolonged heart sound caused by incomplete closure of heart valves.
murmur
Voluntary, involuntary, and cardiac are all examples of this type of tissue:
muscle
Removal of muscle tissue for microscopic examination is a:
muscle biopsy
An inherited disease marked by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers is:
muscular dystrophy
With __________, antibodies block the ability of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine to transmit the nervous impulse from nerve to muscle cells.
myasthenia gravis
The white wrapping that surrounds and protects the axon is the:
myelin sheath
White fatty tissue that surrounds and insulates the axon of a nerve cell is called:
myelin sheath
Which of these terms refers to a visual record of either the spinal cord or bone marrow?
myelogram
What is the name of the x-ray study that images the spinal cord?
myelography
granulocytes are formed in red bone marrow or ________ tissue
myeloid
What is the term for bone marrow tumor?
myeloma
________cele is the protrusion of the meninges and spinal cord through a defect in the spinal column.
myelomeningo
The ________metrium is the muscular middle layer of the uterus.
myo
Advanced atherosclerosis could likely lead to:
myocardial infarction
The medical term for interrupted blood flow that kills myocardial tissue is called:
myocardial infarction
The thick middle layer of the heart wall composed of muscle is the:
myocardium
A _______ectomy is the excision of fibroids from the uterus.
myom
Ms. Munoz was scheduled for a _______ectomy to remove uterine fibroids.
myom
Poly__________ is chronic inflammatory myopathy.
myositis
The surgical incision of the tympanum to relieve the pressure and buildup of fluid in chronic otitis media is called a(n):
myringotomy
Which of the following is a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the motor neurons fail to transmit impulses to the muscles to cause muscle contraction?
mysthenia gravis
Advanced hypothyroidism in adulthood is called:
myxedema
The entrances to the respiratory passageway are the:
nares
Spinal stenosis is a _________ of the lumbar spinal canal.
narrowing
The suffix -stenosis means:
narrowing or tightening
A(n) ________ tube is inserted through the nose into the stomach to remove fluid postoperatively.
nasogastric
NG is the abbreviation for:
nasogastric (tube)
Genetic ability to fight off disease is:
natural immunity
Umbilical means pertaining to the _______.
navel
Myopia, which interferes with visual acuity and produces a blurred or fuzzy image, is also called:
nearsightedness
Cervical means pertaining to the _______.
neck
All of the following terms relate to pain except:
necrotic
The term that means pertaining to death is:
necrotic
The _____natal period encompasses the first 28 days of a newborn s life.
neo
_____itis is inflammation of the kidney.
nephr
A combining form for kidney is:
nephr/o
The surgical removal of a kidney is a:
nephrectomy
The surgical removal of all or part of a kidney is known as:
nephrectomy
The term for kidney disorder is _______pathy.
nephro
The functional unit of the kidney is the:
nephron
What is the name of the functional unit of the kidney?
nephron
Choose the term that means abnormal condition of the kidney.
nephrosis
The abnormal condition of the kidney characterized by marked proteinuria and edema (swelling) is called:
nephrotic syndrome
The word root neur means:
nerve
_________ means nerve pain. The term is composed of the combining form ____ and the suffix ____.
neuralgia, neur/o, -algia
Poly________ is the inflammation of several nerves.
neuritis
The ___________hypophysis is the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
neuro
Acoustic ____________ is a benign tumor arising from the acoustic nerve.
neuroma
A nerve cell is a(n):
neuron
what blood cell that does not stain intensely with either alkaline or acidic dye
neutrophil
phagocytic granulocytes
neutrophils
This type of testicular cancer arises from embryonic cells in the seminiferous tubules in the testes.
serminoma
____________ studies include growth hormone, prolactin level, gonadotropin levels, and calcium.
serum
Mr. Randolph is jaundiced. His physician orders a liver function test called:
serum bilirubin
Having suffered severe burns in an accident, Steve develops hypocalcemia. Which laboratory test can detect hypocalcemia?
serum calcium test
difference between plasma and serum
serum does not contain clotting elements
The function of bone processes is to:
serve as attachments for muscles and tendons
SCID stands for:
severe combined immunodeficiency disease
Madeline fell and hit her head on the sidewalk. The resulting lump was a hemat_____, a collection or mass of clotted blood under the skin.
oma
Mr. Beaumont had a suprapubic prostatectomy. The note in the chart indicated that he had pain in his right inguinal region. Where is Mr. Beaumont's pain located?
on the lower right side near groin
The adrenal glands are located:
on top of the kidneys`
mono-
one
Separation of the nail plate from the nail bed in fungal infections is called:
onycholysis
Separation of the nail plate from the nail bed in fungal infections is:
onycholysis
Pain in the chest wall muscles aggravated by breathing is called pleur_____.
oodynia
The excision of one or both ovaries:
oophorectomy
An ________ is a medical doctor who specializes in treating eye disorders.
ophthalmologist
Visual examination of the interior the eyes is called:
ophthalmoscopy
A(n) ____________ infection is a disease caused by lowered body resistance, which allows infection by bacteria and parasites that are normally easily contained.
opportunisitic
Removal and viewing of living tissue from the body is a bi_____.
opsy
The point at which optic nerve fibers cross in the brain is the:
optic chiasm
Because there are no light receptor cells in the ___________, it is known as the blind spot of the eye.
optic disk
The part of the eye commonly called the blind spot because it has no light receptor cells is the:
optic disk
Removal of both testes is called a bilateral _______ectomy.
orchi
Surgical fixation of the testes to correct cryptorchidism is:
orchiopexy
Which procedure is the surgical fixation of an undescended testicle?
orchiopexy
Which one of the following ear structures has hair cells that relay sound waves to auditory nerve fibers?
organ of corti
Groups of different kinds of tissue combine to form:
organs
Structures that are composed of several kinds of tissue are:
organs
Another word for an opening is:
orifice
When Melanie has her tonsils removed, the surgery will take place in her _______pharynx.
oro
The second division of the pharynx between the soft palate and upper edge of the epiglottis is the:
oropharynx
Mrs. Josten saw her physician for complaints of fatigue, muscular weakness, and constipation. She had dry skin, coarse hair, and periorbital edema. She was diagnosed with myxedema. Myxedema is the result of:
severe hyporhyroidism
Narcotic analgesics are used to treat:
severe pain
STI is the abbreviation for:
sexually transmitted infection
red blood cell morphology looks at the _______ of individual red blood cells
shape
In a ______ biopsy, tissue is removed using a cut parallel to the surface of the surrounding skin.
shave
mrs. thompson is diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. that means that
she has insufficient iron to synthesize hemoglobin
The combining form thec/o means:
sheath of the brain and spinal cord
Treatment of hydrocephalus involves the use of a __________ to drain the excess cerebrospinal fluid.
shunt
__________ anemia is a genetic disorder characterized by production of abnormal hemoglobin (HbS), abnormal shape of erythrocytes, and hemolysis
sickle cell
After 3 days of treatment with digoxin, Mr. Garrison complains of nausea and blurred vision. Both are known occasional and undesirable responses to the drug. Such responses are called:
side effects
The nausea, vomiting, and alopecia that routinely accompany cancer chemotherapy are considered:
side effects
Mr. Wayne is scheduled to have a visual examination of the distal end of his descending colon that leads into the rectum. This procedure is called a _____scopy.
sigmoid/o
A direct visual examination of the mucous membrane lining of the sigmoid colon is a diagnostic procedure called:
sigmoidoscopy
Which diagnostic study uses an injected radioactive tracer and a computer to create a three-dimensional image based on a composite of many views?
single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
The electrical impulse that triggers the contraction of the heart muscle originates in the __________ node, which is abbreviated __ node.
sinotrial, SA
____arthritis is a degeneration of bones and joints that occurs as the body ages and is often accompanied by inflammation. The word part you chose is a ____.
osteo, combining form
A degenerative inflammatory condition of bone and joint is:
osteoarthritis
The term that means inflammation of bone and joint is:
osteoarthritis
A bone cell that helps form bone tissue is an:
osteoblast
____________ are the immature osteocytes that produce the bony tissue that replaces ___________ during ossification.
osteoblasts, cartilage
A bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bone tissue is an:
osteoclast
The muscles that move all of the bones of the face and the eyes are called:
skeletal muscles
The combining form cutane/o means:
skin
The combining form derm/o means:
skin
The combining form dermat/o means:
skin
The normal pH of urine is:
slightly acidic
The pH of urine is normally:
slightly acidic
The suffix in the term spondylolisthesis means:
slipping
Examination of the anterior ocular structures under microscopic magnification is accomplished by:
slit-lamp examination
Another name for growth hormone (GH), which affects the growth of the long bones and skeletal muscles of the body, is:
somatotropin
A(n) ______gram is a record obtained by using sound waves to create an image of body organs.
sono
The combining form son/o means:
sound
An involuntary muscle contraction of sudden onset is:
spasm
Pyloro_____ is the sudden involuntary contraction of the pylorus.
spasm
The suffix -ist means:
specialist
The term meaning softening of the bones is:
osteomalacia
Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow is called:
osteomyelitis
Choose the term that means deficiency of the bone:
osteopenia
Incision into bone is called:
osteotomy
Inflammation of the middle ear is:
otitis media
Sp gr is the abbreviation for:
specific gravity
The urine test that reflects the amount of wastes, minerals, and solids in the urine is called:
specific gravity
The suffix -phasia means:
speech
________genesis is the formation of spermatozoa.
spermato
___________, or the formation of sperm, takes place in the ___________.
spermatogenesis, testes
The male sex cell is called the:
spermatozoon
What is another name for a single sperm cell?
spermatozoon
The instrument used to measure blood pressure is called a ________ometer.
sphygmoman
On the image below, which major body cavity is indicated by label E?
spinal
The _____ body cavity is where the nerves of the spinal cord are located.
spinal
A lumbar puncture is also known as a:
spinal tap
An instrument that measures and records the volume of inhaled and exhaled air is a:
spirometer
The combining form splen/o means:
spleen
The organ near the stomach that produces, stores, and eliminates blood cells is the:
spleen
The correct term for removal of the spleen is:
splenectomy
________megaly is enlargement of the spleen.
spleno
Enlargement of the spleen is termed:
splenomegaly
The prefixes ec- and ecto- mean _________; the opposite of ecto- is _____.
out or outside, endo-
Ms. Carson was found to be infertile because she was anovulatory. In other words, her ovaries were unable to produce and mature eggs, or ______.
ova
The membrane between the middle and inner ears is the:
oval window
The sonogram showed that Ms. Yarrow had collections of fluid within a sac in her left ovary, or:
ovarian cysts
Antonio was born with a cleft palate. It was repaired by the surgical procedure called _____plasty.
palato
The surgical repair of the roof of the mouth is:
palatoplasty
Uncomfortable sensations in the chest related to cardiac arrhythmias are:
palitations
Uncomfortable sensations in the chest related to cardiac arrhythmias that make you aware of your heartbeat are known as ____________.
palpitations
Deficiency of all pituitary hormones is called _____hypopituitarism.
pan
The prefix in the term pancytopenia is:
pan-
This gland behind the stomach secretes hormones from islet cells.
pancreas
The Whipple procedure is another name for a:
pancreatoduodenectomy
A deficiency of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes is:
pancytopenia
_____ refers to the deficient production of all cellular elements of the blood
pancytopenia
Ms. Ferrario was once diagnosed with cervical dysplasia, so her doctor recommends that she get a ____________ every year to test for abnormal cervical cells.
pap smear
Elias's sense of taste is assessed by testing the response of the ______, the small elevations on his tongue.
papillae
The small, raised areas on top of the tongue containing taste buds are:
papillae
Radio________ means obstructing the passage of x-rays.
paque
The prefix in the term parathyroid is _____, which means _________.
para-, near or beside or abnormal
Air-containing cavity in the bones near the nose is the:
paranasal sinus
This hormone increases blood calcium.
parathormone
The __________ glands are small glands on the posterior side of the thyroid.
parathyroid
The glands located beside the thyroid are the _____ glands.
parathyroid
In the emergency room, Mr. Bastian was diagnosed with tetany due to hypoparathyroidism. Lab tests revealed hypocalcemia. Hypoparathyroidism is caused by deficient production of:
parathyroid hormone
Receiving nutrition through a site other than the digestive system or alimentary canal is called ___________ nutrition.
parenteral
________ means pertaining to drugs given other than through the intestinal tract.
parenteral
________ disease is the degeneration of nerves in the brain leading to tremors, muscle rigidity, and a shuffling gait.
parkison
The soft tissue surrounding the nail border is called:
paronychium
PTT
partial thromboplastin time
In a _______ test, an allergen-treated piece of gauze or filter paper is applied to the skin to see if it produces a reaction.
patch
The medical term for kneecap is:
patella
A congenital heart disease in which the blood flows from the aorta into the pulmonary artery through a small opening is called:
patent ductus arteriosus
The study of disease is called:
pathology
Cardiomyo_____ is disease of the heart muscle.
pathy
On the image below, which major body cavity is indicated by label C? (middle of body near butt)
pelvic
Ms. Carville presented with vaginal discharge, pain in the LLQ and RLQ, and cervical tenderness. She was febrile. Her history revealed repeat episodes of chlamydial infections and one ectopic pregnancy. She was diagnosed with:
pelvic inflammatory disease
PID is the abbreviation for:
pelvic inflammatory disease
For this diagnostic procedure, the physician records images of sounds waves to detect uterine tumors and other pelvic masses:
pelvic sonography
The diagnostic imaging procedure that uses sound waves to make images as the waves bounce off organs in the pelvic region is:
pelvic ultrasonography
Bone densitometry determines bone mass with a machine that measures how well x-rays __________ bone.
penetrate
Thrombocyto_____ means deficiency of platelets.
penia
An ulcer in the lining of the stomach or duodenum is a _______ ulcer.
peptic
PUD is the abbreviation for:
peptic ulcer disease
Which prefix combined with cutaneous means pertaining to through the skin?
per-
Tapping the body with the fingertips to determine the size, borders, and density of an internal organ is called:
percussion
PCI is the abbreviation for:
percutaneous coronary intervention
PEG tube is short for ___________ tube.
percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
In _____________, a radiopharmaceutical is given intravenously to obtain a lung scan.
perfusion studies
_____osteum is the tough fibrous membrane surrounding a bone.
peri
Inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart is called ________itis.
pericard
The folded layer of connective tissue that surrounds the heart is called the:
pericardium
The medical term for the membrane surrounding the heart is:
pericardium
The saclike membrane surrounding the heart is the:
pericardium
The area between the anus and the scrotum is called _____________:
perineal
The area between the anus and the vagina is the:
perineum
The _____ holds the tooth in place in the tooth socket.
periodontal membrane
The _____ nervous system consists of the cranial and spinal nerves.
peripheral
Blockage of arteries carrying blood to the legs, arms, kidneys, and other organs is:
peripheral arterial disease
Evan has healthy ________, which is the name for the involuntary, rhythmic contractions that move a bolus of food through the GI tract.
peristalsis
The coordinated contraction of the intestines that moves the contents of the intestine forward is:
peristalsis
The extensive double-layered membrane lining the abdominal cavity is the:
peritoneum
The suffix -ac means:
pertaining to
A highly contagious bacterial infection of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea characterized by paroxysmal spasms of coughing followed by a whooping inspiration is known as _________.
pertussis
________ is a highly contagious upper respiratory infection characterized by sudden coughing and a whooping inhalation.
pertussis
Small, pinpoint hemorrhages are called:
petechiae
Another name for absence seizures is:
petit mal seizures
Mrs. White underwent cataract surgery. The lens was extracted by ________emulsification, the use of ultrasonic vibration to break up and aspirate portions of the lens.
phaco
A common surgery for cataract removal that uses ultrasonic vibrations to break up the lens is:
phacoemulsification
Poly_____ is the excessive eating or craving of food.
phagia
A granulocyte that eats harmful cells is a:
phagocyte
On the image below, which part of the lower leg and foot is indicated by label D? (toes)
phalanges
A radio________ is a radioactive drug.
pharmaceutical
Mrs. Sandano took her prescription for Tamoxifen to the drugstore to be prepared and dispensed by the:
pharmacist
________logy is the study of drugs.
pharmaco
The study of drug effects in the body is called:
pharmacodyamics
________ is the calculation of drug concentration (or disposition) in tissues and blood over a period of time.
pharmacokinetics
A ___________ helps licensed pharmacists provide medication and other health care products to patients.
pharmacy technician
The anatomy term that describes the throat is:
pharynx
The laryngopharynx is a subdivision of the:
pharynx
The medical term for throat is:
pharynx
Stricture (narrowing) of the opening of the foreskin over the glans penis is called:
phimosis
This disorder is characterized by a tightening of the prepuce over the glans penis.
phimosis
Acro_____ is fear of heights.
phobia
Mr. Kenneport had diabetic retinopathy that was treated with ________coagulation, which is the use of a laser to seal leaky blood vessels.
photo
What does PRK stand for?
photorefractive keratectomy
A nevus is a(n):
pigmented skin lesion
A hair-containing cyst found in the sacral region of the back is called a _________ cyst.
pilonidal
The combination of the hair follicle and the attached sebaceous gland is called:
pilosebaceous unit
The gland at the base of the brain is the:
pituitary
The powerful gland that secretes a variety of different hormones and regulates activities of the endocrine glands is the:
pituitary gland
The medical term for afterbirth is:
placenta
The vascular organ that serves as a bridge between maternal and fetal bloodstreams is the:
placenta
The motion that extends the foot downward toward the ground as when pointing the toes is _______ flexion.
plantar
the liquid portion of blood
plasma
A gastro________ is the surgical repair of the stomach.
plasty
Arthro________ is the surgical reconstruction or prosthetic replacement of the end of a joint.
plasty
Surgical repair of a narrowed blood vessel is an angio_____.
plasty
test that determines the number of clotting cells per cubic millimeter of blood
platelet count
Thrombocytes are also called:
platelets
The combining form pleur/o means:
pleura
The double-folded membrane surrounding each lung is called the:
pleura
The lungs are enclosed in a membranous layer, called the ________ that folds over to line the chest wall.
pleura
The space between the folds of the pleura is the:
pleural cavity
Excessive fluid accumulation in the pleural space due to infection, malignancy, or trauma is called:
pleural effusion
What word could be used in place of pleuralgia to denote the same or similar meaning?
pleurodynia
A network of intersecting nerves in the peripheral nervous system is called a:
plexus
A group of occupational-related lung diseases characterized by inflammation, infection, and bronchitis, caused by inhaling substances in the workplace is called __________________.
pneumoconiosis
Asbestosis is a form of:
pneumoconiosis
The medical term for the collection of air in the pleural space is:
pneumothorax
irregularly shaped blood cells are formed
poikilocytosis
The combining form tox/o means:
poison
The term _____cystic describes any surface or tissue containing many cysts.
poly
_____neuritis is the inflammation of many nerves simultaneously.
poly
which condition is characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells
polycythemia vera
PMN
polymorphonuclear
Benign growth extending from the surface of a mucous membrane is a:
polyp
Mr. Gonzales' colonoscopy revealed several large benign polyps, which his physician removed in a _______.
polypectomy
Benign growths that protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon are:
polyps
The "bridge" between the medulla and the midbrain is the:
pons
A small opening on the surface of the skin is a:
pore
Mr. Martez, paraplegic since an automobile accident, had decreased bone density, or osteo_______, in his legs from atrophy of disuse.
porosis
A _____________ scan, which is abbreviated ___ scan, is a computerized imaging technique that shows chemical activity of the brain and gives information about brain function.
positron emission tomography, PET
Care of the mother and her newborn during the first few days after delivery is called _____partum care.
post
The prefix in the term postmortem is:
post-
The image below illustrates the ___________ view. (man with stomach pushed up against wall)
posteranterior
Antero_____ means from the front to the back of the body.
posterior
PA is the abbreviation for:
posteroanterior
The image below illustrates the ___________ view.
posteroanterior
Occurring or performed after death is referred to as:
postmortem
An abnormal growth that could become cancerous is called:
precancerous
Actinic keratosis is a:
precancerous lesion caused by overexposed to UV rays
A fasting plasma glucose test can diagnose both diabetes and ________, a condition in which blood glucose is higher than normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of diabetes.
prediabetes
A condition that can occur during or shortly after pregnancy and is marked by high blood pressure, proteinuria, and edema is called:
preeclampsia
A _____ is attached to the beginning of a word root to modify its meaning.
prefix
Epi- is a:
prefix
Hypo- is a:
prefix
The word part auto- is a:
prefix
The word part endo- is a:
prefix
The word part hyper- is a:
prefix
PAC is the abbreviation for:
premature atrial contractions
PVC is the abbreviation for:
premature ventricular contractions
The medical term for the foreskin is:
prepuce
Impaired vision due to aging is called:
presbyopia
The suffix -opsy means:
process of viewing
A patient with a prolapse of the rectum has a disorder termed:
proctoptosis
The medical term for prolapse of the anus is:
proctoptosis
This hormone prepares and maintains the uterus in pregnancy.
progesterone
Which hormone is responsible for the buildup of the uterine lining during the menstrual cycle?
progesterone
Which hormone promotes breast tissue growth and milk secretion?
prolactin
_______ is when an organ, such as the uterus, slides or sags downward or forward.
prolapse
the primary function of platelets
promote blood clotting
Turning the palm of the hand backward (down) is called:
pronation
The medical term for lying face down is:
prone
A ________ectomy is the removal of the prostate gland.
prostat
The combining form prostat/o means:
prostate gland
The gland that secretes an alkaline substance into the urethra that protects sperm from urethral and vaginal acidity and enhances sperm motility is the:
prostate gland
A blood test for prostate cancer is the PSA, which stands for:
prostate specific antigen
The enzyme that digests protein is:
protease
Drugs that treat AIDS by blocking the production of the enzyme that creates new viral pieces for HIV are called:
protease inhibitors
plasma protein converted to thrombin in the clotting process
prothrombin
test used to evaluate patients taking anticoagulant medications
prothrombin time (PT)
The function of the thyroid cartilage (Adam's apple) is to:
provide support for the larynx
The combining form meaning nearest is:
proxim/o
Which word means closer to the origin or point of attachment of a limb?
proximal
On the image below, which part of the musculoskeletal system is indicated by label C? (2nd to bottom bone of finger)
proximal phalanx
_______ means nearest the point of reference. Its opposite direction is ________.
proximal, distal
Sarah, 21, goes to see the dermatologist for recurring itching and redness on her elbows. The dermatologist also notes scaly patches covered by silvery gray scales. With further questioning the dermatologist discovers that Sarah's skin outbreak has occurred periodically for more than 4 years and that her father has had similar periodic outbreaks on his knees and legs for years. The dermatologist diagnosed Sarah's skin disorder as:
psoriasis
Blepharo_____ is drooping of the eyelid.
ptosis
Mrs. Long's drooping eyelid, or blepharo_____, is due to a weakened eyelid muscle.
ptosis
The cartilaginous disk joining the two pubic bones is the:
pubic symphysis
The anterior part of the pelvis is the:
pubis
The term that means pertaining to the lung is:
pulmonary
X-ray imaging of arteries and veins in the lung after injection of dye into a blood vessel is called a:
pulmonary angiography
The formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lungs is a condition called:
pulmonary fibrosis
PFT is the abbreviation for:
pulmonary function test
The test used to measure the ventilation mechanics of the lungs is a:
pulmonary function test
A blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the lung to the left atrium is called the:
pulmonary vein
_____ is the soft, delicate tissue filling the center of the tooth.
pulp
The combining form sphygm/o means:
pulse
The force of the blood being ejected from the heart causes a regular expansion and contraction of the arterial walls, called the:
pulse
In a _________ biopsy, a surgical instrument removes a core of tissue by rotation of its sharp, circular edge.
punch
Rotation of a surgical instrument to remove a core of tissue for examination is called:
punch biopsy
The dark opening in the center of the iris is the:
pupil
_________ refers to ecchymoses and petechiae over any part of the body.
purpura
multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin
purpura
A purulent abscess is a(n):
pustule
Pus in the urine is called ___________uria.
py
The combining form for renal pelvis is:
pyel/o
A ________lithotomy is the incision of the renal pelvis to remove a stone.
pyelo
X-ray imaging of the renal pelvis and urinary tract is called:
pyelography
Inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma is called:
pyelonephritis
The muscular ring at the lower end of the stomach is the ____ sphincter.
pyloric
The ring of muscle that controls movement of food from the stomach to the small intestine is the:
pyloric sphincter
Which term describes a narrowing of the opening of the stomach to the duodenum?
pyloric stenosis
Mrs. Talifori was diagnosed with Parkinson disease. Characteristic symptoms likely to be seen in Mrs. Talifori as the disease progresses include all of the following except:
quadriplegia
________itis is an inflammatory disease of the nervous system involving the roots of the spinal nerves.
radicul
The emission of energy in the form of particles or rays coming from the interior of a substance is called:
radioactivity
A _____________ is an in vitro procedure that combines radioactive chemicals and antibodies to detect certain proteins (such as hormones and drugs) in the blood.
radioimmunoassay
RIA is the abbreviation for:
radioimmunoassay
A synonym for radionuclide is:
radioisotope
___________ substances are those that absorb most of the x-rays they are exposed to.
radiopaque
Radioactive isotopes injected for detection by a gamma camera are called:
radiotracers
On the image below, which part of the musculoskeletal system is indicated by label F? (pointing to big wrist bone)
radius
Crackling sounds heard during inspiration when the alveoli are filled with secretions are called:
rales
Fine crackling sounds heard during inhalation, caused by excess bronchial tube secretions in the alveoli, are known as ________.
rales
The test is used to screen asymptomatic patients for syphilis, to diagnose symptomatic infections, and to monitor syphilis in response to treatment:
rapid plasma reagin
The abnormality that refers to the intermittent ischemic attacks that affect arterioles of the skin is:
raynaud disease
A(n) _____lapse is the recurrence of a disease or symptoms after apparent recovery; the symptoms or disease comes back again.
re
The process whereby renal tubules return material necessary to the body back into the bloodstream is:
reabsorption
Hormones produce their effect by binding to specific tissue recognition sites called:
receptors
The suffix -gram means:
record
erythr/o
red
RBC is the abbreviation
red blood count
Hodgkin disease is often diagnosed by finding the __________ cell in the lymph nodes.
reed-sternberg cells
Excessive blood acidity due to dangerous levels of blood ketones is called:
ketoacidosis
_________ is an indication that the body is burning fat for energy.
ketonuria
The mazelike series of canals of the inner ear is the:
labyrinth
During an office visit to her physician, Mrs. Thompson, 35 years of age, presents with pallor, tachycardia, and complaints of dizziness and fatigue. Blood tests show that her erythrocytes are hypochromic and microcytic and that her hemoglobin and hematocrit are significantly decreased. Hypochromic means that her RBCs:
lack color
The combining form for tears is:
lacrim/o
The process of producing nutritive milk for offspring is called:
lactation
Tubes that carry milk within the breast are called:
lactiferous ducts
Pro________ is an anterior pituitary hormone that promotes milk production after birth.
lactin
The surgical procedure often performed to relieve pressure on the nerve roots in the lower spine caused by herniated disk or other conditions is a:
laminectomy
Paul is scheduled to have his gallbladder removed via the insertion of a specialized endoscope through a small abdominal incision. This procedure is called a _____scopic _____ectomy.
laparo, cholecyst
A medical term for visual examination of the interior of the abdomen is:
laparoscopy
The medical term for the endoscopic visual examination of the abdomen is:
laparoscopy
What is the medical term for the visual examination of the abdominal cavity using a special lighted instrument?
laparoscopy
Identify label 2 for anatomy of the digestive system. (pointing to outside organ of stomach)
large intestine
The prefix macro- means _________; the opposite of macro- is _____.
large, micro-
The term that means pertaining to the larynx is:
laryngeal
During ___________, a lighted, flexible endoscope is passed through the mouth or nose into the larynx.
laryngoscopy
The voice box is also known as the:
larynx
This procedure uses a precisely focused light beam (laser) to seal leaky blood vessels.
laser photocoagulation
The combining form for side is:
later/o
In anatomic position, the thumb is _______ to the body.
lateral
The image below illustrates the __________ view. (man with right peck closest to the wall and arms up)
lateral
In what view does the x-ray beam pass from one side of the body to the opposite side?
lateral view
______ means toward the side. Its opposite direction is _______.
lateral, medial
________genic means pertaining to an adverse condition that results from treatment.
latro
Strata means:
layers
On the image below, which abdominopelvic region is indicated by label C? (top right)
left hypochondriac region
On the image below, which abdominopelvic region is indicated by label I? (bottom right)
left iliac region
On the image below, which abdominopelvic region is indicated by label F? (middle right)
left lumbar region
The bending of light rays as they pass through the cornea, lens, and other structure of the eye en route to the retina is called:
refraction
Function blood does not have
regulate respiration
Enucleation means:
removal of the eyeball
Mr. Simmons, age 53, has diabetes mellitus. Over the past several years, examination of his eyes has revealed an increasing decline in his vision due to diabetic retinopathy. He is now scheduled for a vitrectomy. The vitrectomy will:
remove scar tissue and blood from the vitreous humor
____al means pertaining to the kidneys. The word part you chose is a _____.
ren, word root
Pertaining to the kidney is:
renal
Mr. Carusa has chronic hypertension. He is scheduled for a procedure in which x-rays are taken after contrast material is injected into the bloodstream to outline renal blood vessels. This procedure is called:
renal angiography
Radiographic examination with contrast agent of the blood vessels of the kidney is called:
renal angiography
Which surgical procedure is performed to open narrowed areas in renal arteries?
renal angioplasty
What is the structure that carries blood to the kidney?
renal artery
When the kidney fails to excrete urine, __________ has occurred.
renal failure
High blood pressure resulting from kidney disease is called:
renal hypertension
Which structure is the central collecting region in the kidney?
renal pelvis
The __________ is the microscopic tube where urine is formed.
renal tubule
Which structure carries blood away from the kidney?
renal vein
The term for the hormone secreted by the kidney that raises blood pressure is:
renin
Mr. Powell is scheduled for a TURP. What does the "R" stand for?
resection
The suffix -oid means:
resembling
The process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the body and its environment through the movement of air in and out of the lungs is:
respiration
RDS is the abbreviation for:
respiratory distress syndrome
Refraction refers to the bending of light rays to bring the rays into focus on the:
retina
The layer of the eye containing rods and cones is the:
retina
Symptoms of this condition include floaters in the visual field and photopsia.
retinal detachment
Which prefix combined with peritoneal means pertaining to behind the peritoneum?
retro-
X-ray images were made of a patient's renal pelvis and urinary tract after contrast was injected using a catheter placed through the urethra, bladder, or ureter and into the renal pelvis; this procedure is called a(n):
retrograde pyelogram
RT is the abbreviation for:
reverse transcriptase
RTI is the abbreviation for:
reverse transcriptase inhibitor
The epidermis is composed of which type of cell?
squamous epithelial cells
The transparent, biconvex body behind the pupil that bends and focuses light rays is the:
lens
_____ is a general term meaning disease of bone marrow with malignant WBC's filling the marrow and bloodstream
leukemia
white blood cells are also called
leukocytes
Clusters of berry-shaped bacteria are:
staphylococci
Harold, 55 years of age, has smoked since he was 17. He presents to his physician with white, thickened patches on the mucous membranes of the tongue and cheek. The physician encourages Harold to quit smoking and suggests following a more rigorous oral hygiene regimen. The likely diagnosis of Harold's skin neoplasm is:
leukoplakia
The term for the condition of thick, white patches found on the tongue and other mucous membranes is:
leukoplakia
A yellowish, pus-filled discharge from the vagina is called:
leukorrhea
Heart disease caused by rheumatic fever is called:
rheumatic heart disease
A chronic autoimmune condition in which joints become inflamed and painful is:
rheumatoid arthritis
RA is the abbreviation for:
rheumatoid arthritis
A contagious parasitic infection of the skin with intense pruritus is:
scabies
Exanthematous viral diseases include all of the following except:
scabies
________ is a contagious parasitic infection of skin with intense pruritus.
scabies
Squamous cell carcinoma arises from squamous epithelial cells, which are thin, flat, and:
scale like
The tough outer membrane covering the eyeball that helps to maintain the size and shape of the eyeball and attaches to the muscles that move the eye is the:
sclera
Mr. McCourtney was diagnosed with a retinal detachment after a basketball game injury. The detachment was repaired with a ________ buckle, the suture of a silicone band over the detached area to force together the layers of the retina.
scleral
A chronic progressive disease of the skin and internal organs with hardening and shrinking of connective tissue is:
scleroderma
A combining form for stone is:
lith/o
Which medical term that means the process of crushing stones?
lithotripsy
The suffix -ole means:
little or small
A patient who has hepatitis has a disorder of his/her:
liver
Hepatitis is inflammation of the:
liver
Mr. Ayers' physician warns him that his _______, the large organ in the right upper quadrant of his abdomen, is not producing bile as efficiently as it normally should.
liver
The combining form hepat/o means:
liver
Which of the following is not a lymphoid organ of the immune system?
liver
Removal of liver tissue for the purpose of analysis under a microscope is (a):
liver biospy
The abbreviation LFTs stands for:
liver function tests
The right lung has three ________, whereas the left lung has ____.
lobes, two
The combining form is made up of the _____ and a combining vowel.
root
The foundation of a word is known as the _____.
root
The foundation of a word is known as the:
root
Circular movement around an axis is:
rotation
with spherocytosis, cells are
rounded
Ophthalmo_____ is the study of the eye and its diseases and treatment.
logy
The suffix that means process of study in microbiology is:
logy
The combining form lumb/o means:
lower back
A barium enema is used with:
lower gastrointestinal series
On the image below, which region of spinal vertebrae is indicated by label C? (L1-L5)
lumbar
The _________ regions of the abdomen are located to the right and left of the umbilical region.
lumbar
After examination by his physician and an MRI, Mr. Jones was diagnosed with a herniated (ruptured) disk at L4-L5. Mr. Jones' disk herniation occurred at the:
lumbar level
A ___________________ is a surgery in which the tumor and immediate surrounding tissue are removed while preserving the remaining breast tissue.
lumpectomy
Pulmonary means pertaining to the:
lung
What is the removal of lung tissue for the purpose of microscopic examination?
lung biopsy
A V/Q scan is a ventilation-perfusion scan of the:
lungs
What is the half-moon-shaped white area at the base of the nail called?
lunula
LH is the abbreviation for:
luteinizing hormone
The pituitary hormone that promotes ovulation is:
luteinizing hormone
With regard to patient positioning, the abbreviation decub stands for:
lying down
The disorder caused by a bacterium carried by a tick is called:
lyme disease
Fluid transported by the lymphatic vessels is called:
lymph
The combining form lymph/o means:
lymph
________oma is a malignant tumor of lymph nodes and lymphatic tissue.
lymph
The tiniest lymphatic vessels are the:
lymph capillaries
Clusters of small oval-shaped tissue along the path of lymph vessels are:
lymph nodes
Stationary lymph tissues along lymph vessels are called:
lymph nodes
A condition of localized fluid retention and tissue swelling caused by a compromised lymphatic system is:
lymphedema
The collection of interstitial fluid within the spaces between cells due to obstruction of lymph vessels and nodes is:
lymphedema
This type of cell produces antibodies:
lymphocyte
An abnormal increase in lymphocytes is called:
lymphocytosis
The lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus gland are collectively known as the:
lymphoid organs
___________ creates scintigrams after subcutaneous injection of a radiotracer and is helpful in detecting lymphatic tumors or evaluation of lymphedema.
lymphoscintigraphy
The disease caused the breakdown, or _____, of liver cells.
lysis
A ___________ is a large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissues of the body.
macrophage
Phagocytes that clear away dead cells and debris as an infection subsides are called:
macrophages
One of the leading causes of blindness in the elderly is:
macular degeneration
_____________ is the progressive deterioration of the macula of the retina and the choroid layer of the eye.
macular degeneration
A freckle is an example of a(n):
macule
_____ is a type of MRI that produces very detailed images of blood vessels.
magnetic resonance agiography
The preferred imaging technique for viewing brain damage related to infection, inflammation or tumors is:
magnetic resonance imaging
Which clinical procedure uses magnetic waves to produce images of organs and tissues in all three planes of the body?
magnetic resonance imaging
Which imaging procedure is useful for detecting mediastinal tumors, such as those seen with Hodgkin disease?
magnetic resonance imaging
With this imaging procedure, a cylinder-shaped machine produces an image using a changing magnetic field to capture the movement of protons within the body.
magnetic resonance imaging
___________ uses magnetic waves to produce images of organs and tissues in all three planes of the body.
magnetic resonance imaging
____________, abbreviated ____, can help detect small renal tumors by producing images using a magnetic field and radio waves.
magnetic resonance imaging, MRI
A ____________ can confirm exposure to tuberculosis.
mantoux skin test
Choose the term that means surgical removal of a breast.
mastectomy
Ms. Estrada had a mammography followed by a biopsy. She was scheduled for removal of the right breast when the biopsy results showed nonmetastatic tumor of the breast. Removal of the breast is called a:
mastectomy
What is the term for removal of breast tissue?
mastectomy
The combining form for meatus is:
meat/o
The combining form meaning middle is:
medi/o
As a result of a work-related injury, Mr. Jones was experiencing low back pain with associated buttock, left dorsal foot, and left big toe pain. Mr. Jones' left big toe is at the _________ of the foot.
medial side
The central portion or area of the chest that separates the lungs is called the:
mediastinum
The centrally located area outside of and between the lungs which contains the heart and its blood vessels as well as the trachea, esophagus, bronchial tubes, thymus gland, and lymph nodes is known as the ________________________.
mediastinum
The region between the lungs in the chest cavity is the:
mediastinum
The inner region of the kidney is the:
medulla
Malignant _________oma is a cancerous growth composed of melanocytes.
melan
Hair turns gray when the body stops producing:
melanin
Which type of cell contained in the epidermis produces a pigment that protects the skin against ultraviolet (UV) sunrays?
melanocyte
Digested blood in the feces is called:
melena
The beginning of the first menstrual period is called:
menarche
_____cephalic means pertaining to an abnormally small head and brain.
micro
On the image below, which part of the musculoskeletal system is indicated by label B? (pointing to second to top finger bone)
middle phalanx
Galact/o means:
milk
Essential hormones that regulate the amounts of electrolytes, such as sodium and potassium, retained in the body are called:
mineralocorticoids
A glaucoma treatment that improves drainage of aqueous humor and contracts the pupil of the eye is called:
miotic
MVP is the abbreviation for:
mitral valve prolapse
_____________, which is abbreviated ___, refers to the condition in which the valve between the left atrium and ventricle becomes enlarged and protrudes into the left atrium during systole.
mitral valve prolapse, MVP
The combining form cras/o means:
mixture
The study of subcellular drug interactions is called:
molecular pharmacology
MAOI is the abbreviation for:
monoamine oxidase inhibitor
Mary is diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma, and her physician recommends _____________ for treatment. This treatment consists of lab-produced antibodies linked to a specific toxin being delivered directly to the tumor cells.
monoclonal antibodies
MoAb is the abbreviation for:
monoclonal antibody
________ presents with symptoms of fatigue, weakness, and pharyngitis along with EBV antibodies
mononucleosis
epstein-barr is the virus that causes
mononucleosis
the study of the shape of the cells is called
morphology
Identify label 3 for anatomy of the digestive system. (pointing to mouth)
mouth
Mr. Wei could not move his left leg in a medial position. This means he could not:
move his leg toward the middle of his body
The term that means resembling mucus is:
mucoid
A malignant tumor of bone marrow cells associated with high levels of one of the immunoglobulins, usually IgG, is called:
multiple myeloma
Destruction of the myelin sheath surrounding neurons in the brain and spinal cord describes which condition?
multiple sclerosis
MS is the abbreviation for:
multiple sclerosis
Mr. Wayne had a hernio_____ to repair (suture) his hernia.
rrhaphy
As a result of her acute episode of pancreatitis, Mrs. Dunlap was unable to absorb fat (lipids) properly. This malabsorption, resulting in a flow or discharge of fat, is called steato_____.
rrhea
Ms. Rosenblum has a purulent, nonbloody vaginal discharge, or leuko________, as a result of an infection of her cervix.
rrheaThe fluid-filled spaces within the brain are called: The fluid-filled spaces within the brain are called:
Pleural _______ is the scratchy sound produced by pleural surfaces rubbing against each other.
rub
Folds or wrinkles within the stomach are called _____.
rugae
Odd as it may seem, Alexis has the same ridges, or ________, on her palate as she has in her stomach.
rugae
Lumbo_____ means pertaining to the lower back and sacrum.
sacral
On the image below, which region of spinal vertebrae is indicated by label D? (under L1-L5 before the tail)
sacrum
The term for the plane that divides the body into right and left portions is:
sagittal
Ms. Gray underwent a bilateral ________ectomy, or removal of both fallopian tubes and ovaries, after her diagnosis of ovarian cancer.
salpingo-oophor
A laparo_____ is an instrument used to visually examine the abdominal cavity.
scope
Broncho________ is the visual examination of the bronchi.
scopy
Chole_____ means the stopping or suppression of bile flow.
stasis
As a result of her acute episode of pancreatitis, Mrs. Dunlap was unable to absorb fat properly. This malabsorption leads to ____rrhea.
steato
unspecialized cells that become specialized when they mature are called
stem cells
Erica was born with a narrowed pyloric sphincter that obstructed the flow of food into the small intestine. This defect is called pyloric _________.
stenosis
A tube that is meshlike or slotted and used to prevent vessel obstruction is a(n):
stent
Which procedure uses an intracranial guiding device to deliver high-dose radiation to precisely targeted tumor tissue?
stereotactic radiosurgery
During __________ radiosurgery, a focused beam of radiation, called a(n) _________, can target a tumor to destroy it.
stereotactic, gamma knife
The class of hormones made from the lipid cholesterol is:
steroids
The instrument used to listen to the chest sounds is called a(n) ___________.
stethoscope
Amphetamines are a kind of:
stimulant
The suffix -tropin means:
stimulating the function of
Gastritis is inflammation of the:
stomach
Identify label 5 for anatomy of the digestive system. (pointing to pink part by nipple)
stomach
The combining form gastr/o means:
stomach
Mr. Bledsoe complains of vague abdominal discomfort in the LUQ. The location of Mr. Bledsoe's pain is in the quadrant containing the:
stomach, spleen, and parts of the intestines
Timothy suffered from recurring fever blisters around his mouth, known as herpetic ____itis.
stomat
Surgical formation of a new opening from the large intestine is a colo_____.
stomy
The combining form lith/o means:
stone
Esotropia and exotropia are examples of:
strabismus
The outermost layer of epidermis is the:
stratum corneum
This keratinized layer of skin functions as a protective barrier against outside elements.
stratum corneum
Diagnostic testing for Tony included a muscle biopsy and an EMG. An EMG records:
strength of muscle contraction
The combining vowel connects the root to the _____ or to another root.
suffix
The word part -ectomy is a:
suffix
The word part -gram is a:
suffix
The word part -itis is a:
suffix
The _____ -ic means _______.
suffix, pertaining to
__________ are the grooves or fissures that separate the sheets of nerve cells in the cerebral cortex.
sulci
A depression or groove in the surface of the cerebral cortex is a:
sulcus
The skin of the lower arm is _______ to the muscles below it.
superficial
Arthrocentesis is the:
surgical puncture of a joint to remove fluid
Circumcision is the:
surgical removal of the foreskin
Renal transplantation is the:
surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient
The _____physis pubis is the joint formed by the fusion of the two pubic bones.
sym
The prefix in the term symphysis is _____, which means _________.
sym-, together or with
Involuntary nerves that stimulate the body in times of stress and crisis are __________ nerves.
sympathetic
Baby Miller was born with webbed fingers and toes, or _____dactyly.
syn
The prefix in the term syndrome is:
syn-
The microscopic space through which an impulse is transmitted is a(n):
synapse
The combination of two drugs causing an effect greater than the sum of each drug alone is called:
synergism
Penicillin and streptomycin are given together to treat bacterial endocarditis because their combination is greater than the sum of the individual effects. This action is:
synergistic
A sexually transmitted disease caused by a spirochete, or spiral-shaped bacterium, is ______________.
syphilis
A group of organs that work together to perform related functions is classified as a body:
system
The circuit that the blood follows from the heart to the body's tissues and back is called __________ circulation.
systemic
A chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving the joints, skin, kidneys, nervous system, heart, and lungs is called:
systemic lupus erythematosus
Ms. King presented to her physician with a reddish "butterfly" rash over her nose and cheeks. After further examination and lab results showing high levels of antibodies in the blood, she is told she has a systemic chronic inflammatory collagen disease. Corticosteroid treatment is begun. Ms. King's diagnosis is:
systemic lupus erythematosus
SLE is the abbreviation for:
systemic lupus erythematosus
A chronic inflammatory disease of collagen in the skin, joints, and internal organs is called _______________, which is abbreviated ___.
systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE
Mrs. Thompson is scheduled for same-day surgery. Her resting blood pressure is 112/78. The ________ pressure of this reading is 112.
systolic
Lymphocytes that act directly on antigens to destroy them or produce chemicals toxic to them are:
t cells
An abnormally rapid heart rate is:
tachycardia
Attaching a radionuclide to a chemical and following its path in the body is called:
tagging
On the image below, which part of the lower leg and foot is indicated by label C? (pointing to top of foot close to ankle)
talus
The organs or tissues on which hormones act are called:
targets
On the image below, which part of the lower leg and foot is indicated by label F? (pointing to bottom of foot by heel)
tarsals
The combining form lacrim/o means:
tears
_________ is the most commonly used radionuclide in diagnostic imaging, and it is often used in myocardial perfusion imaging studies.
technetium-99m
A usually benign tumor occurring in the testes or ovaries composed of different types of tissue such as hair, bone, and cartilage is called:
teratoma
Through which part of the neuron does an impulse leave the cell?
terminal end fiber
An adjective that means pertaining to the male gonad is:
testicular
The disorder that involves twisting of the spermatic cord and, if left untreated, can lead to atrophy of the testes is:
testicular torsion
The combining form orchi/o means:
testis
The combining form test/o means:
testis or testicle
The hormone that stimulates development of male sex characteristics is:
testosterone
The main sensory relay center of the brain is the:
thalamus
an inherited defect in the ability to produce hemoglobin, usually seen in persons of Mediterranean background is called
thalassemia
A patient who exhibits substernal pain has discomfort under:
the breastbone
Ms. Boineau, 66, has postmenopausal bleeding. Among the diagnostics scheduled by her gynecologist are a D&C and an endometrial biopsy. A gynecologist is a specialist in the study and treatment of:
the female reproductive system
Hematochezia is:
the passage of bright red blood from the rectum
Curettage is:
the use of a sharp instrument to scrape away a skin lesion
Microscopic examination of the tissue revealed that Ms. Boineau has endometrial cancer. After consultation with the surgical and radiation oncologists, Ms. Boineau is scheduled for a total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Ms. Boineau's surgery will remove:
the uterus and both fallopian tubes and both ovaries
HIV is:
the virus that causes AIDS
Treatment using water is hydro_____.
therapy
What do hay fever, anaphylactic shock, and hives have in common?
they are hypersensitivity reactions
The pia mater is the:
thin, delicate inner membrane of the meninges
A full-thickness burn injury is also called a:
third-degree burn
The combining form dips/o means:
thirst
Surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from the pleural cavity is a:
thoracentesis
Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space is:
thoracentesis
What is the term for a surgical puncture to remove fluid from the chest cavity?
thoracentesis
Daren periodically undergoes dilation of his esophagus for a stricture suffered from swallowing a poisonous substance. The esophagus is located in which body cavity?
thoracic
On the image below, which major body cavity is indicated by label A? (pointing to chest)
thoracic
On the image below, which region of spinal vertebrae is indicated by label B?
thoracic
The large lymphatic vessel that receives lymph from the lower portion of the body and from the left side of the body above the diaphragm is the:
thoracic duct
Lymph vessels empty into two large ducts called the:
thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct
A _______tomy is a surgical incision of the chest wall.
thoraco
Examination of the pleural space, pleura, and lungs with a scope inserted through a small incision between the ribs is a:
thoracoscopy
Mr. Matthew s surgeon had to perform a ___________ in order to do a lung biopsy.
thoracotomy
The combining form pharyng/o means:
throat
enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation
thrombin
A cell that helps clot blood is called a(n):
thrombocyte
another term for platelets
thrombocytes
The abnormal condition of a clot in a blood vessel is called:
thrombosis
The abnormal condition of having a blood clot is called:
thrombosis
Blocking of an artery by a blood clot is:
thrombotic occlusion
The blocking of a coronary artery by a clot is called:
thrombotic occlusion
Diagnostic studies for Mrs. Granger included an MRI and PET scan. Findings indicated blockage of a cerebral artery by a blood clot with necrosis and edema of the area involved. The type of cerebral infarction Mrs. Granger experienced is called a(n):
thrombotic stroke
A gland in the neck is the:
thryoid
________ectomy means the removal of the thymus gland.
thym
The organ located in the upper mediastinum that plays an important role in immunity, especially during fetal life and the early years of growth, is the:
thymus
The combining form thym/o means:
thymus gland
This test measures the amount of TSH, a hormone in the blood that is secreted by the anterior pituitary lobe to control the release of thyroxine and triiodothyronine.
thyroid function
Brenda's doctor ordered a ____________ to measure her blood levels of T3, T4, and TSH.
thyroid function test
The nuclear medicine test that shows the size, shape, and function of the thyroid gland is a:
thyroid scan
TSH is the abbreviation for:
thyroid-stimulating hormone
T4 is the abbreviation for:
thyroxine
This hormone increases metabolism in body cells.
thyroxine
On the image below, which part of the lower leg and foot is indicated by label A? (pointing to inner bone of shin)
tibia
The medical term for shin bone is:
tibia
A subjective noise such as ringing, buzzing, whistling, or clicking heard in the absence of sound is called ______.
tinnitus
Eccrine glands are:
tiny, coiled structures located throughout the dermis
The abbreviation tPA stands for:
tissue-type plasminogen activator
Similar cells working together to do a specific job are:
tissues
The combining form tom/o means:
to cut
The suffix -lucent means:
to shine
The suffix -tropia means:
to turn
The hormone that stimulates uterine contractions during labor is oxy______.
tocin
David developed a(n) ________ to morphine, meaning that he needed increasing amounts of it to relieve his pain.
tolerance
The ability of lymphocytes to recognize and accept the body s own antigens as not foreign is called:
tolerance
A phlebo_____ is the incision of a vein.
tomy
The combining form lingu/o means:
tongue
Intraocular pressure is measured by means of a(n):
tonometry
A mass of lymphatic tissue at the back of the mouth is a(n):
tonsil
Masses of lymph tissue in the back of the oropharynx are the:
tonsils
A neurologic disorder marked by tics, uncontrollable vocal sounds, and inappropriate words is called:
tourette syndrome
Which condition is associated with an excess of or hypersensitivity to dopamine?
tourette syndrome
The study of the harmful effects of drugs on the body is called:
toxicology
Which set of word parts builds the term that means the surgical creation of a new opening in the windpipe?
trache/o+ -stomy
The windpipe is also called the:
trachea
Endo________ intubation is the insertion and placement of a tube into the trachea through the nose or mouth.
tracheal
A(n) ________ is an opening into the trachea through which an indwelling tube is inserted.
tracheostomy
Creation of an opening into the trachea and insertion of a tube to create an airway is a:
tracheostomy
The procedure that creates a permanent artificial opening in the trachea is a:
tracheostomy
A ________ is an incision into the trachea.
tracheotomy
Benzodiazepine is a kind of:
tranquilizer
Phenothiazine is a kind of:
tranquilizer
The nitroglycerin ______dermal patch was applied topically to Mr. Jefferson's skin to help relieve his chest pain.
trans
The term that means through the urethra is _____urethral.
trans
TAVR stands for:
transcatheter aortic valve replacement
During an ultrasound imaging study, the patient lies on a table while the sonographer puts the __________ on or near the skin.
transducer
TIA is the abbreviation for:
transient ischemic attack
What is the term for brief episodes of neurologic deficit caused by temporary interference with blood supply to the brain?
transient ischemic attacks
The lymphatic system functions to do all of the following except:
transport oxygen to capillaries from the bloodstream
TUIP is the abbreviation for:
transurethral incision of the prostate
TUMT is the abbreviation for:
transurethral microwave thermotherapy
TUNA is the abbreviation for:
transurethral needle ablation
During a colonoscopy, a polyp was found in Mr. Divers' ________ colon, the part of his colon that passes horizontally to the left toward the spleen.
transverse
Mr. Cawein is informed that his diverticulitis is caused by ________.
trapping of undigested food or bacteria in a diverticulum
Which x-ray characteristic permits x-ray beams to be directed accurately at a tissue site?
travel in straight lines
The suffix -therapy means:
treatment
The valve that lies between the right atrium and the right ventricle is the __________ valve.
tricuspid
As blood enters the right atrium from the venae cavae, it flows next through the __________, __________, and __________.
tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve
TCA is the abbreviation for:
tricyclic antidepressant
The combining form for trigone is:
trigon/o
The use of shock waves to crush urinary tract stones is called litho________.
tripsy
A_____ means condition of no growth.
trophy
An increase in the size of cells is hyper_____.
trophy
Kidney stones are also known as renal calculi.
true
Which of the following is a form of birth control?
tubal ligation
A small rounded process for muscle and tendon attachment is:
tubercle
Which diagnostic test involves the introduction of a purified protein derivative (PPD)?
tuberculin test
_____________ is an infectious disease caused by rod-shaped bacteria called bacilli and usually involves the lungs.
tuberculosis
The suffix -oma means:
tumor or mass
A test of ear conduction using a vibration source is a(n):
tuning fork test
The prefix bi- means:
two
Jason was seen by the pediatric nurse practitioner for chills, headache, and a fever of 102ºF. Both of his parotid glands were swollen. Blood tests showed leukocytosis. The term leukocytosis has:
two combining forms and one suffix
tympanic membrane
tympanic membrane
On the image below, which part of the musculoskeletal system is indicated by label G? (pointing to smaller bone of wrist)
ulna
The lower arm bone on the little finger (medial) side is the:
ulna
The prefix in the term ultrasonography is:
ultra-
On the image below, which abdominopelvic region is indicated by label E? (very middle)
umbilical region
Abnormal albumin concentrations would be detected with a:
urine test
Ketone levels would be checked with a:
urine test
The study of diseases of the urinary system is ____logy; the word part you chose is a _________.
uro, combining form
_________ is an acute allergic skin reaction in which red, round wheals develop.
urticaria
Cryosurgery is the:
use of cold temperatures to destroy tissue
Unlike other cranial nerves, the _____ nerve carries messages to and from the neck, chest, and abdomen.
vagus
The combining form vag/o means:
vagus nerve
The combining form valvul/o means:
valve
A(n) ________cele is an enlargement of the veins of the spermatic cord.
varico
Damaged or incompetent venous valves that fail to prevent backward flow of blood can lead to the development of:
varicose veins
Mr. Thatcher was admitted for a scheduled vasectomy. A vasectomy is the excision of the:
vas deferens
The duct that carries spermatozoa from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct is known as the ____________.
vas deferens
The combining form for the vas deferens is:
vas/o
Male sterilization results from which of the following surgical procedures?
vasectomy
This hormone stimulates renal tubular reabsorption of water.
vasopressin (ADH)
Which procedure would be performed to reverse a vasectomy?
vasovasostomy
Bacterial endocarditis produces lesions resembling cauliflower called __________ that break off into the bloodstream as __________.
vegetations, emboli
Damage to the heart valves produces lesions called ___________ that can break off into the bloodstream as ___________, material that travels through the blood.
vegetations, emboli
The combining form ven/o means:
vein
In _____________, a radiopharmaceutical is inhaled to obtain a lung scan.
ventilation studies
The combining form meaning belly side of the body is:
ventr/o
Mrs. Herald had abdominoplasty. Her incision is on the _______ side of the body.
ventral
The eyes and nose are on the _______ side of the body.
ventral
The thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities are the ______ cavities.
ventral
_______ means to the front. Its opposite direction is ________.
ventral, dorsal
The fluid-filled spaces within the brain are called:
ventricles
The inter________ septum is the wall between the ventricles of the heart.
ventricular
___________ is a serious cardiac arrhythmia that can result in sudden cardiac arrest.
ventricular fibrillation
Very small vessels that collect blood from the capillaries and join to form veins are:
venules
An epidermal growth caused by a virus is called a wart, or _______.
verruca
The medical term for dizziness is:
vertigo
Another term for blister is:
vesicle
The central cavity of the labyrinth connecting the cochlea and semicircular canals is the:
vestibule
____ are tiny projections in the walls of the small intestine that absorb nutrients.
villi
Which test measures the amount of AIDS virus (HIV) in the bloodstream?
viral load test
A screening procedure that allows physicians to examine the entire length of the colon over the course of several minutes:
virtual colonoscopy
The combining form for internal organs is:
viscer/o
The combining form meaning internal organs is:
viscer/o
_________ muscles are controlled by the autonomic nervous system and operate the internal organs, blood vessels, and glandular ducts.
visceral
The inner fold of pleura that lies closest to the lung tissue is the:
visceral pleura
The suffix in the term hyperopia means:
vision
This test uses a Snellen chart to assess clarity of vision.
visual acuity test
Mr. Kennedy, who has pernicious anemia, will need lifelong administration of which substance?
vitamin B12
An autoimmune disease characterized by milk-white patches surrounded by areas of normal pigmentation is:
vitiligo
_________ is pigmentation loss in areas of the skin.
vitiligo
An in ________ test is one in which something is measured or performed in a laboratory, often in a test tube.
vitro
An in ________ test traces the amount of radioactive substances inside a living organism.
vivo
The combining form laryng/o means:
voice box
The term for expelling urine from the urethra is:
voiding
Which of the following clinical procedures is not used to help diagnose renal calculi or obstructions?
voiding cystourethrogram
A ___________, which is abbreviated ____, is an x-ray taken of the bladder and urethra as the patient expels urine.
voiding cystourethrogram, VCUG
Mr. Raphael is admitted for a twisting of the intestines. What is the medical term for this condition?
volvulus
On the image below, which facial bone is indicated by label D? (pointing to middle nose)
vomer
The external female genitalia, which includes the labia, clitoris, and vaginal orifice, is the:
vulva
___________ is a tumor of malignant B cells that produce too much IgM.
waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
The combining form aque/o means:
water
For the _____ test, a tuning fork is placed on the midline of the skull (the center of the forehead).
weber
Mosquito bites often cause this type of lesion.
wheal
Which of the following is not an accessory structure of the skin?
wheal
WBC
white blood cell count
the percentage of different types of leukocytes in the blood
white blood cell differentials
Shawn, age 16, is being treated for leukemia, which is a condition in which there is a marked increase in abnormal:
white blood cells
A malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood is known as:
wilms tumor
A malignant tumor of the kidney that occurs in childhood is:
wilms tumor
The combining form trache/o means:
windpipe
The prefix intra- means _____.
within
Ms. Golitz's mammography ruled out carcinoma of the breast. Mammography is:
x-ray imaging of the breast
A raised yellowish plaque on the eyelid caused by a lipid disorder is called ____________.
xanthelasma
The condition of dry eye is called _____ophthalmia.
xer
The combining form that means "animal life" is:
zo/o
On the image below, which facial bone is indicated by label A? (cheek bone)
zygomatic bone
A fertilized egg cell is called a(n):
zygote
Immediately after conception, the fertilized egg is called a(n):
zygote
protein that maintains proper proportion and concentration of water in blood
albumin
Abnormal levels of albumin in urine is called:
albuminuria
Which hormone increases reabsorption of sodium in the blood?
aldosterone
An________ means being insensitive to pain.
algesic
UTI is the abbreviation for:
urinary tract infection
A lymphocyte that originates in the bone marrow and secretes antibodies is a:
B cell
Lymphocytes that transform into plasma cells and secrete antibodies are:
B cells
The technique of using a heart-lung machine to divert blood from the heart and lungs during heart surgery is:
ECMO
The inability to achieve and maintain an erection is:
ED
The suffix in the term peritoneal is _____, which means ________.
-al, pertaining to
The suffix in the term cystocele is _____, which means ________.
-cele, hernia
The suffix in the term amniocentesis is:
-centesis
The suffix in the term laryngeal is:
-eal
The suffix in the term carcinogenesis is _______, which means _________.
-genesis, condition of producing or forming
In the term electroencephalogram, the suffix is ______, which means ________.
-gram, record
Which suffix means process of recording?
-graphy
All of the following suffixes mean pertaining to except:
-ia
The suffix in the term pneumonia is _____, which means ________.
-ia, condition
The suffix in the term chronic is:
-ic
The suffix in the term morphology is _______, which means _______.
-logy, study of
This suffix means breakdown, destruction, separation:
-lysis
The suffix in the term acromegaly is _____, which means _________.
-megaly, enlargement
The suffix in the term mucoid is:
-oid
In the term autopsy, the suffix ____ means _______.
-opsy, process of viewing, view of
In the word nephrosis, the suffix is _____, which means _____.
-osis, condition
A suffix that means disease is:
-pathy
The suffix in the term cardiomyopathy is:
-pathy
Which suffix means disease condition?
-pathy
Dys_____ means difficult digestion.
-pepsia
Which suffix added to acr/o creates a word that means a fear of heights?
-phobia
The suffix in the term acrophobia is _____, which means _______.
-phobia, fear
The suffix in the term laryngoscopy is _____, which means ________.
-scopy, process of visual examination
The suffix in the term metastasis is:
-stasis
The suffix in the term hemostasis is _____, which means _________.
-stasis, stopping or controlling
The peripheral nervous system includes _____ pairs of cranial nerves and _____ pairs of spinal nerves.
12, 31
Except for the egg and sperm, all normal human body cells contain _____ chromosomes.
46
a person with Type A blood will have type ____ red cells antigens
A
which blood type contains only anti-B antibodies
A
which blood type contains no antibodies
AB
procedure that the patient serves as his or her own stem cell donor
ABMT
The abbreviation for adrenocorticotropic hormone is:
ACTH
Which laboratory test is done to detect an antibody present in the serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus?
ANA
laboratory test that detects neutropenia
ANC
A noncancerous condition common in men over 50 is:
BPH
The abbreviation for benign prostatic hyperplasia is:
BPH
The abbreviation for bright red blood per rectum is:
BRBPR
Which abbreviation indicates a general condition of the intestines?
IBD
Mrs. Farrell's wheezing indicates:
Bronchial narrowing and inflammation
A group of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with stress and tension is:
IBS
The abbreviation for the vertebrae in the neck is:
C1 C7
The surgical joining of vessel grafts to existing coronary arteries to maintain blood supply to the myocardium is:
CABG
Which test measures the number of helper T cells in the bloodstream of patients with AIDS?
CD4 lymphocyte count
HIV binds to ___________ and infects and kills T cells bearing this protein.
CD4+ cells
Which test measures the number of helper T cells in the bloodstream of patients with AIDS?
CD4+ lymphocyte count
Ventilatory support used to keep the airway open in case of obstructive sleep apnea is abbreviated:
CPAP
COPD is the abbreviation for:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
In diagnosing osteoporosis, physicians may recommend a specific bone density test called dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, which is abbreviated ____.
DEXA
Each gene is composed of a regulatory chemical called:
DNA
The abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid is:
DNA
An ICD is a:
Device implanted in the chest that can sense and correct arrhythmias
Which of the following occurs during inspiration?
Diaphragm contracts, chest cavity area increases, internal air pressure decreases.
___________ is (are) used to treat arrhythmias.
Digoxin
WBCs with dense reddish granules that increase in allergic reactions
Eosinophils
This test measures the body a ability to respond to glucose load.
GTT
A malignant tumor of the stomach is called:
Gastric carcinoma
When solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach, the condition is known as:
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
hematocrit
HCT
The term that means the study of blood is:
Hematology
Gigantism is caused by:
Hypersecretion of growth hormone by the pituitary before puberty
The abbreviation for intramuscular is:
IM
The amnion is the:
Innermost membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus
Diabetes insipidus results from:
Insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone from the pituitary gland
A(n) ___, the abbreviation for ____________, is an x-ray series that demonstrates the size and location of the kidneys.
KUB; kidneys, ureters, bladder
The use of an eximer laser to sculpt the cornea is called:
LASIK
Use of an excimer laser to correct errors of refraction is:
LASIK
Tests such as the measurement of ALT, AST, and serum bilirubin are known collectively as:
LFTs
On the image below, which facial bone is indicated by label B? (point towards inside of eye)
Lacrimal bone
What is the abbreviation for the imaging procedure that uses magnetic waves to produce images of tissues and organs?
MRI
Which of the following diagnostic procedures uses a magnetic field and pulses of radiowave energy to image the brain and spinal cord?
MRI
Which procedure cannot be used with pacemakers or metallic implants?
MRI
The abbreviation for multiple-gated acquisition scan is:
MUGA scan
Ms. Watkins was diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma. The lesion was treated by excising layers of growth and examining each layer microscopically. This technique is called:
Mohs surgery
A chronic disorder of the labyrinth of the inner ear is:
Ménière s disease
The abbreviation that indicates a patient may have "nothing by mouth" is:
NPO
The orthopedic specialist prescribed a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, which is abbreviated ______, to relieve Timothy's knee pain.
NSAID
This drug is often prescribed to treat common symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders.
NSAID
The abbreviation for non small cell lung cancer is:
NSCLC
On the image below, which facial bone is indicated by label C? (bone bridge)
Nasal bone
When Edmund is diagnosed with oral leukoplakia, his physician explains that this is a(n):
Precancerous condition characterized by white plaques on the oral mucosa
A(n) _____ is performed to assess the function of the thyroid gland.
RAIU
The abbreviation for the medical term for the procedure that assesses thyroid function by testing the ability of the thyroid gland to trap and retain radioactive iodine following oral ingestion of the iodine is:
RAIU
Catheter delivery of a high-frequency current to damage a small part of the heart muscle to reverse an abnormal heart rhythm is:
RFA
The abbreviation for the radiographic imaging of the renal pelvis and ureters after the injection of contrast into the ureters through the bladder is:
RP
Which abbreviation is for a test for syphilis?
RPR
The purpose of the blood-brain barrier is to:
Regulate the passage of potentially harmful substances form the blood into the nerve cells of the brain
A choledochotomy is the:
Removal of a gallstone through the common bile duct
In this procedure, the femoral head and acetabulum are replaced with prostheses that are fastened into the bone.
THR
Which abbreviation means a patient gets all nutrition intravenously?
TPN
The abbreviation for transrectal ultrasound is:
TRUS
The terms osteoarthritis and gastroenterology are both examples of using a combining vowel:
To connect two word roots, even if the second root begins with a vowel
Mr. Duarte, now age 32, was diagnosed with diabetes mellitus when he was 14 years old. He takes insulin in the morning and the evening. Despite adjustments in his insulin dosage over the years, he has had difficulty maintaining a normal blood glucose range and has been hospitalized several times for ketoacidosis and hypoglycemia. Mr. Duarte suffers from which type of diabetes?
Type 1 diabetes
Persons with ______ blood are referred to as universal recipients
Type AB
_______ blood contains anti-A antibodies
Type B
_______ blood contains only anti-A antibodies
Type B
a clinical procedure that aids in the diagnosis of blood disorders like anemia and leukemia
a bone marrow biopsy
USP is the abbreviation for:
United States Pharmacopeia
Which diagnostic procedure involves the injection or inhalation of radioactive material to study its distribution in the lung?
V/Q scan
Visual examination of the chest using an endoscope and a video monitor is:
VATS
What is the abbreviation for the procedure that uses a thorascope equipped with a camera to magnify the area under observation and projects it onto a video monitor?
VATS
The abbreviation for voiding cystourethrogram is:
VCUG
The suffix scopy means:
Visual exam, process of visually examining
Mediastinoscopy means:
Visual examination of the central portion of the chest cavity
test determines the number of leukocytes per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood
WBC
A visual field test measures:
Your peripheral vision
A temporary absence of breathing is _____pnea.
a
The blood levels of ALT, which is the abbreviation for ___________, and AST, which is the abbreviation for ___________, are elevated when liver cells are damaged.
alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase
An inherited deficiency or absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes caused by an abnormality in melanin production is:
albinism
Penicillin is an example of a(n) ________drug, which is used to destroy or inhibit the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria.
antibiotic
Chlamydia is treated with:
antibiotics
Protein substances stimulated by the presence of antigens
antibodies
proteins that destroy antigens
antibodies
Heparin is a natural _____.
anticoagulant
Heparin is a(n):
anticoagulant
Warfarin is a(n):
anticoagulant
MAOI is a kind of:
antidepressant
Insulin is a kind of:
antidiabetic
ADH is the abbreviation for:
antidiuretic hormone
Diabetes insipidus occurs when __________ is inadequately produced or improperly used in the body.
antidiuretic hormone
A(n) ________ is an agent that counteracts an unwanted drug effect.
antidote
An ________ is a substance given to neutralize unwanted effects of drugs.
antidote
In preparation for his cruise, Steven obtained a prescription for a(n) ________ to prevent nausea and motion sickness.
antiemetic
The foreign substance neutralized by antibodies in the immune process is called a(n):
antigen
Substances capable of inducing an immune response are:
antigens
test for the presence of antibodies that coat and damage erythrocytes
antiglobulin test
Tranquilizers are used to treat:
anxiety
The combining form for to cast (throw) is:
bol/o
The combining form oste/o means:
bone
Hollow regions in a bone that help to join one bone to another and serve as passageways for blood vessels and nerves are called:
bone depressions
combining for myel/o
bone marrow
the microscopic examination of a core of bone marrow removed with a needle
bone marrow biopsy
A bone head, tuberosity, and condyle are examples of bone protuberances known as:
bone processes
A(n) ___________ is a procedure in which a radioactive substance is placed within the body to enable visualization of a bone via the image produced by the emission of radioactive particles.
bone scan
A(n) ____________ is a procedure in which a radioactive substance is placed within the body to enable visualization of a bone via the image produced by the emission of radioactive particles.
bone scan
The B in ABCDE stands for:
border
Blood vessels that permit oxygen and nutrients to exchange with carbon dioxide and waste materials are called:
capillaries
The word root for cancer is _____.
carcin
The word root for cancer is:
carcin
CIS is the abbreviation for:
carcinoma in situ
Digital rectal examination (DRE) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing are often performed to screen for malignant tumors of the prostate gland called:
carcinoma of the prostate
The lower esophageal sphincter is called the ________ sphincter.
cardiac
This type of muscle is striated but its movement cannot be consciously controlled.
cardiac
Beaming magnetic waves at the heart to produce an image and obtain information about heart and large vessel pathology is called:
cardiac MRI
A(n) _____________ test is used to find evidence of a heart attack.
cardiac biomarker
Introducing a thin, flexible tube into a vein or artery and guiding it into the heart to detect pressures and patterns of blood flow is:
cardiac catheterization
In a thallium scan, the radioactive isotope is injected intravenously to observe its absorption by:
cardiac muscle
Compression of the heart caused by collection of fluid in the pericardial cavity is:
cardiac tamponade
An electro_____gram is a record of the electrical conduction of the heart.
cardio
The study of the heart is _______logy.
cardio
An ACE inhibitor is a(n):
cardiovascular drug
The break in a(n) ________ fracture does not rupture the skin, but a(n) ______ fracture breaks the surface of the skin.
closed, open
The combining form thromb/o means:
clot
combining form thromb/o
clot
serum is plasma minus the
clotting proteins and cells
time required for venous blood to clot in a test tube
coagulation time
A congenital defect characterized by a narrowing of the aorta is called:
coarctation of the aorta
Jamie visited the campus clinic with complaints of itching and burning around her vaginal opening and a greenish-yellow vaginal discharge. A smear of a specimen of the discharge indicated she had gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted disease caused by a diplo_____ bacterium.
coccal
Interventional radiologists perform invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures usually under ___________ guidance.
computed tomography
The imaging modality that generates multiple computerized images of the brain and spinal cord using a contrast material is:
computed tomography
What is the diagnostic procedure in which an x-ray beam is used with a computer to provide cross-sectional images?
computed tomography
Which radiographic imaging procedure produces cross-sectional images of internal organs like the liver?
computed tomography
_____________, which is abbreviated ____, is a diagnostic technique that beams ionizing x-rays at multiple angles around a specific section of the body to detect disease.
computed tomography, CT
Diagnosis of adenomas, gigantism, and acromegaly can be aided by imaging studies such as ____________ and ____________ to evaluate the tumor.
computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging
A(n) _____genital anomaly is a defect that is present at birth.
con
The prefix in the term connective is _____, which means _________.
con-, with or together
The suffix - ema means:
condition
Digoxin is prescribed to treat:
congestive heart failure
A disease condition in which the heart is unable to pump the necessary amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic requirements is called _____________, which is abbreviated ___.
congestive heart failure, CHF
This diagnostic surgical procedure may be accomplished with a loop electrocautery excision procedure (LEEP).
conization
A delicate membrane that lines the undersurface of the eyelids and covers the anterior eyeball is the:
conjuctiva
Membrane lining the eyelids and covering the anterior portion of the sclera is the:
conjunctiva
____pnea means difficult breathing.
dys-
Ingesting food or water contaminated with viruses, parasites, or protozoa can cause a condition characterized by painful abdominal cramping, fever, inflamed intestines, and diarrhea containing blood. This condition is known as:
dysentery
A medical term for abnormal, involuntary, spasmodic movements is:
dyskinesia
The medical term for a condition of involuntary, spasmodic movements is:
dyskinesia
The term that means difficulty swallowing is:
dysphagia
After a recent river-raft outing, Mary experienced severe itching on her back and noticed redness and swelling around a lesion in the area. Her back was also sunburned. At first Mary thought the lesion was a bug bite and treated it with topical application of calamine and aloe lotion for the burn. When the itching and redness of the lesion did not subside, she went to see her physician. On examination, the physician noticed a raised reddish lesion with irregular borders and found other moles on Mary's legs, arms, and back. He referred Mary to a dermatologist who performed a biopsy that confirmed suspicion of a malignant melanoma. In Mary's case, as in many cases, melanomas often arise in:
dysplastic nevi on the back, lower leg, or neck
DOE stands for _____ on exertion.
dyspnea
DOE is the abbreviation for:
dyspnea on exertion
The combining form ot/o means:
ear
Mrs. Ferrari s physician told her that she had a(n) _____topic pregnancy and explained that the embryo was implanted outside the uterus in the fallopian tubes.
ec
The prefix in the term ectopic is _____, which means _________.
ec-, out or outside
The medical term for a bruise is:
ecchymosis
medical term for large bluish-purple spots of leaked blood under the skin, commonly called bruising, is __________
ecchymosis
________graphy is the use of high-frequency sound waves to show the structure and movement of the heart muscle.
echocardio
Using high-frequency sound waves to show the structure and movement of the heart chambers and valves is:
echocardiography
The part of the stomach that is furthest from the outlet to the duodenum is called the:
fundus
The posterior, inner part of the eye is called the __________ of the eye.
fundus
Neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils are:
granulocytes
deficiency in the total number of basophils, eosinophils, and neutrophils
granulocytopenia
an abnormal increased in granulocytes in the blood
granulocytosis
A fold in the surface of the cerebral cortex is called a:
gyrus
The combining form pil/o in the term pilonidal cyst tells us this type of cyst is filled with:
hair
The combining form trich/o means:
hair
A sac or tube within which each hair grows is a:
hair follicle
A hemiglossectomy is the surgical excision of _________ of the tongue.
half
The amount of time required for a radioactive substance to lose 50% of its radioactivity is referred to as its:
half-life
The anterior portion of the roof of the mouth is the _____ palate.
hard
Otosclerosis is the condition of __________ of the bony tissue of the _______ ear.
hardening, middle
A urine pregnancy test detects the presence of:
human chorionic gonadotropin
Genital warts are caused by some types of a virus called ___________, which can cause cervical cancers in women as well as cancers in men.
human papillomavirus (HPV)
The bone of the upper arm is known as the:
humerus
Which of the following is a hereditary disorder caused by degenerative changes in the cerebrum?
huntington disease
This condition is caused by a lack of protein in the lining of the neonate's lung tissue.
hyaline membrane disease
A(n) ________cele is the accumulation of fluid in a duct or saclike cavity like the scrotum.
hydro
An accumulation of fluid in the scrotum is a:
hydrocele
A surgical procedure to correct an accumulation of fluid in the scrotum is ______:
hydrocelectomy
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain is called:
hydrocephalus
Accumulation of fluid in the spaces of the brain is known as:
hydrocephalus
Mr. Gladstone was diagnosed with benign prostatic _____trophy, or increase in the size of the organ's tissue cells.
hyper
______thyroidism means excessive thyroid activity and hormone secretion.
hyper
_____plasia is an abnormal increase in the number of normal tissue cells.
hyper
The prefix in the term hypertrophy is:
hyper-
The condition of having higher than normal levels of sugar in the blood is:
hyperglycemia
The medical term for farsightedness is:
hyperopia
Excess cells due to an increased rate of cell division is termed:
hyperplasia
A general term for the condition of having excessive reactions to allergens is called ____________.
hypersensitivity
After 3 months of regular measurement, Mr. Jackson's blood pressure ranges between 170/90 and 180/100. Mr. Jackson's blood pressure is indicative of:
hypertension
Mr. Garrison's physician prescribed beta-blockers to help control his:
hypertension
A ________plasty is the surgical repair of the cornea, also known as corneal transplant.
kerato
An antibiotic is used to treat:
infection
The diaphragm lies _______ to the lungs.
inferior
Icterus is another term for:
jaundice
___________ sarcoma is a malignant condition associated with AIDS that arises from the lining of capillaries; it appears as dark purplish skin lesions.
kaposi
KS is the abbreviation for:
kaposi sarcoma
The combining form meaning nucleus is:
kary/o
A _____type is a picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell.
karyo
Heart valves are necessarily designed to:
keep blood flowing in one direction
A _______ is a hypertrophied, thickened scar that develops after trauma to the skin, such as a surgical incision.
keloid
Postoperatively, Sheri developed a thickened hypertrophied incisional scar. This type of scar is called a:
keloid
The hard protein material found in the epidermis, hair, and nails is:
keratin
Which medical term means tying off or binding?
ligation
Sinuses function to:
lighten the skull and moisten passing air
_____aise is a bad feeling or a vague feeling of bodily discomfort.
mal
The prefix in the term malignant is:
mal-
Osteo_____ is softening of bones.
malacia
Softening of the bones is called osteo________.
malacia
The combining form andr/o means:
male
When the taut eardrum is struck by the sound waves, it begins to vibrate, moving the ________, the first of three small bones in the middle ear called __________.
malleus, ossicles
A visual record of the internal structures of the breast is a:
mammogram
Interview of the parents of 5-year-old Clio revealed that for about the last 24 hours, Clio has been irritable, febrile, vomiting, and experiencing cephalgia. Upon further examination, nuchal rigidity (stiff neck) was noted. The physician performed a lumbar puncture to measure intracranial pressure and to obtain cerebrospinal fluid for analysis. Results confirmed a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Clio was started on antibiotics. Which term means inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord?
meningitis
The medical term for inflammation of the meninges is __________.
meningitis
A ________cele is the hernial protrusion of the meninges through a defect in the spinal column.
meningo
Baby Casey was born with spina bifida, which resulted in the protrusion of the meninges called a ________cele.
meningo
This covering allows free movement of the intestines:
mesentery
The bones beyond (distal to) the carpals are the _____carpals.
meta
_____morphosis is a change in shape or structure.
meta
The sum of all chemical processes in a cell by which new materials are assimilated and energy is provided for the body's use is known as:
metabolism
On the image below, which part of the musculoskeletal system is indicated by label D? (pointing to lower finger bone)
metacarpal bone
The fixed portion of a long bone between the shaft and the epiphyseal plate is the:
metaphysis
______________ is when a tumor spreads beyond its original location.
metastasis
On the image below, which part of the lower leg and foot is indicated by label E? (just below the toes)
metatarsals
The treatment for acute attacks of angina is:
nitroglycerin
Examples of this type of disorder include follicular lymphoma and large cell lymphoma.
non-hodgkin disease
A group of malignant tumors involving lymphoid tissue is:
non-hodgkin lymphoma
Embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, choriocarcinoma, and teratoma are all types of:
nonseminomatous germ cell tumors
The cause of essential hypertension is:
not readily apparent or known
Mr. Garcia developed a paralytic ileus (absence of intestinal peristalsis) after a colon resection. After surgery, the physician's order read "NPO," which means that he was:
not to take food or fluid by mouth
The ________ directs cell division and determines the structure and function of the cell.
nucleus
The controlling structure of the cell that directs reproduction and determines structure and function of the cell is the:
nucleus
TPN is the abbreviation for:
nutrition
Repetitive rhythmic movements of one or both eyes is called __________.
nystagmus
Most often the combining vowel is the letter _____.
o
The image below illustrates the __________ view. (man laying on his side)
oblique
The branch of medicine concerned with pregnancy and childbirth is:
obstetrics
Sometimes a narrowing or blockage of the upper airway can cause _____ sleep apnea.
obstructive
OSA is the abbreviation for:
obstructive sleep apnea
After a recent river-raft outing, Mary experienced severe itching on her back and noticed redness and swelling around a lesion in the area. Her back was also sunburned. At first Mary thought the lesion was a bug bite and treated it with topical application of calamine and aloe lotion for the burn. When the itching and redness of the lesion did not subside, she went to see her physician. On examination, the physician noticed a raised reddish lesion with irregular borders and found other moles on Mary's legs, arms, and back. He referred Mary to a dermatologist who performed a biopsy that confirmed suspicion of a malignant melanoma.
overexposing her skin to the sun
abnormality characteristic of multiple myeloma
overproduction of immunoglobulins
Rupture of the ovarian follicle with subsequent release of the ovum from the ovary is called:
ovulation
All of the following are functions of the cilia except:
oxygenating
Which hormone stimulates uterine contractions during labor?
oxytocin
Mr. Smithson is diagnosed with a complete (third-degree) AV heart block. To restore normal rhythm, the cardiothoracic surgeon schedules Mr. Smithson for insertion of a:
pacemaker
This condition is characterized by recurrent episodes of elevated bone resorption, followed by attempts at repair, resulting in deformed and weakened bones of excessive mass.
paget disease (osteitis deformans)
The suffix -algia means:
pain
A lateral chest x-ray is taken in the sagittal plane. A sagittal plane divides the body into:
right and left sides
On the image below, which abdominopelvic region is indicated by label A? (top left)
right hypochondriac region
On the image below, which abdominopelvic region is indicated by label G? (bottom left)
right iliac region
On the image below, which abdominopelvic region is indicated by label D? (middle left)
right lumbar region
The vessel that drains lymph from the upper right part of the body is the:
right lymphatic duct
The pediatrician suspects tinea corporis. The common term for tinea is:
ringworm
For the _____ test, a tuning fork is placed near the the patient's mastoid bone and in front of the auditory meatus.
rinne
The sensitive receptor cells of the retina responsible for peripheral vision are the:
rods
The prefix brady- means ________; the opposite of brady- is _____.
slow, tachy-
Digoxin primarily acts by:
slowing the heart rate and helping the heart pump forcefully
Identify label 1 for anatomy of the digestive system. (pointing to intestine on inside of stomach)
small intestine
The prefix micro- means ________; the opposite of micro- is _____.
small, macro-
The suffix -ectasia means:
stretching
A high-pitched sound produced by the larynx or pharynx on inspiration is _______.
stridor
Pericardium means:
structure surrounding the heart
The suffix -um means:
structure; tissue; thing
_____gastric means pertaining to below the stomach. The word part you chose is a _______.
sub-, prefix
___hepatic means pertaining to under the liver. The word part you chose is a __________.
sub-, prefix
The prefix in the term subcutaneous is _____, which means _________.
sub-, under or beneath
Which drug administration route is shown in the image below? (needle puncturing arm)
subcutaneous
Which layer of the skin most protects the deeper tissues of the body and acts as a heat insulator?
subcutaneous
Which drug administration route is shown in the image below? (tablet in mouth)
sublingual
The diaphragm lies _______ to the stomach.
superior
The _____ brings oxygen-poor blood into the heart from the upper parts of the body.
superior vena cava
Turning the palm of the hand forward (face up) is:
supination
The medical term for lying on the back is:
supine
To be lying on your back is to be in the _______ position. The opposite position is _______.
supine, prone
Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography confirmed that Mr. Hullinger has a malignant glioma that is surgically inaccessible. He is scheduled for stereotactic radiosurgery. A glioma is an intracranial tumor that arises from the:
supportive or connective tissue of the brain
T cells that serve a regulatory function for specific immune responses by stopping the immune response when an antigen has been destroyed are:
suppressor T cells
Which prefix combined with thoracic means pertaining to above the chest?
supra
Which prefix combined with renal means pertaining to above the kidneys?
supra-
A tracheostomy is the:
surgical creation of an opening into the trachea
Which prefix combined with lateral means pertaining to one side?
uni-
A headache that occurs on only one side can be described as:
unilateral
a person with type O blood
universal donor
The combining form idi/o means:
unknown
The prefix ana- means _________; the opposite of ana- is _____.
up or apart, cata-
The combining form humer/o means:
upper arm bone
A series of x-rays of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine obtained after administering barium by mouth is known as a:
upper gastrointestinal series
URI is the abbreviation for:
upper respiratory infection
The rate of absorption of a radionuclide into an organ or tissue is termed:
uptake
The retention of urea and nitrogen in the blood is called _____emia.
ur
The word root for urine, urinary tract is:
ur
A combining form for urine is:
ur/o
A nitrogenous waste excreted in urine is:
urea
The tube leading from each kidney to the bladder is called a:
ureter
The tube leading from the bladder to the outside of the body is the:
urethra
The tube through which urine passes from the bladder to the outside of the body is the:
urethra
Albumin in the urine is called albumin____.
uria
The examination of urine to determine the presence of abnormal elements is a ___________, which is abbreviated ____.
urinalysis, UA
What is the sac that holds urine called?
urinary bladder
If a patient requires short-term drainage of urine, she would undergo which procedure?
urinary catheterization
Hyster/o means:
uterus
In an ectopic pregnancy, the fertilized egg could be implanted in any of the following sites except the:
uterus
The small, fleshy mass dangling from the center of the soft palate is the:
uvula
Introduction of a modified toxin to produce an immune response and protection against disease is:
vaccination
