Hesi S & C

According to the colorado state university pain scale, which score means the patient's pain has been managed effectively?

0

What specific gravity range enables a fecal flotation solution to effectively separate parasitic material from heavier fecal debris?

1.2 to 1.25 g/ml

A veterinarian has ordered prednisone for a 20 kg dog. Five (5) mg/kg are to be given on the first day, and the dose is to be decreased by one-half every day until the dosage is 0.5 mg/kg. To complete the regimen, the veterinarian recommends an additional 3 doses at 0.5 mg/kg every other day. How many 20 mg tablets will be needed?

10

When assessing adipose tissue accumulation using a 9 point body condition scoring system, what percentage of body weight does each point represent? A. 15 to 25% B. 15 to 20% C. 25-30% D. 10-15%

10-15%

A cat has an odontoclastic resorptive lesion on the right carnassial tooth. What is the correct designation of the affected tooth according to the Triadan system?

108

A 10-month-old dog is hospitalized for vomiting. Physical exam findings revel a capillary refill time of 3 seconds and dry mucous membranes. A check of skin turgor indicates some inelasticity. What level of dehydration is most cosistent with these findings?

11%

Which is the minimum time and temperature standard for sterilization if using an autoclave?

121 C for 13 minutes

Which systolic value is considered hypertensive?

162

The veterinarian has ordered ciprofloxacin ophthalmic drops 2 gtt OS qid. how should the prescription label be written?

2 drops in the left eye 4 times a day

At which body weight is it necessary to attach a dog to a non-rebreathing system for anesthesia during surgery?

20 kg *wrong and its not 10kg

What score would you give a canine on the pain scale that is unwilling to move and is guarding the surgical incision site?A canine patient is guarding its incision site and unwilling to move. Which pain scale should the technician assign?

3

Which reagent is used to perform a bacterial catalase test?

3% hydrogen peroxide

What is the maximum acceptable time frame for completing urinalysis before refrigeration of the sample is required?

30 mins-1 hr

Incubators used to grow and maintain bacterial cultures must be capable of sustaining approximately what temperature?

37ºc (98.6ºf)

Which sulcus depth should be charted as a pocket for a 6-year-old beagle?

4 mm

What is the time value percentage decrease in drug concentration that describes a drug's half life of elimination?

50%

Plasma is considered fresh frozen plasma (FFP) if it is placed in a freezer within how many hours after collection?

8

How long should a cat fast prior to abdominal surgery?

8-12 hours

A dog has a 55mm 3 erthyematous nodule on the nictitans OS. The lesion is pruritic and has a serosanguinous discharge. How should the veterinary technician describe this lesion for the client?

A small, red nodule on the left third eyelid that causes itching and a reddish-colored discharge

Which blood type crossmatch can cause a lethal reaction in cats? A. AB cat receives A blood B. B cat receives AB C. AB receives B D. A receives AB

AB cat receives A blood Type B cat receives type A blood LETHAL

How should a periodontal probe be held in relation to the long axis....the depth of a pocket or sulcus?

As close to parallel as possible, with the side of the probe tip in contact with the tooth

Which step should be completed first with regards to a small animal anesthetic procedure?

Assess, prepare and weigh the patient

During IV infusion of furosemide for management of pulmonary edema, which parameters must be monitored? A. Acid-base staus B. Urine output and urine-specific gravity C. BP to maintain systolic of 100-120 mmHg and urine output of 0.5-1.5mL/kg/hr D. hydration and electrolyte concentration (particulary potassium)

BP to maintain systolic of 100-120 mmHg and urine output of 0.5-1.5mL/kg/hr

The veterinary technician is setting up in preparation for an abdominal exploratory to be done on a 55 pound Labrador retriever. Which retractor if the most appropriate for the surgeon?

Balfour

Which common anesthetic risk in ruminants can lead to circulatory compromise during surgery?

Bloat

For which type of slide preparation is the starfish smear technique most useful? A. cutaneous skin cells B. Bone marrow C. Urine sediment D. Blood (wrong answer)

Bone Marrow (For the preparation of highly viscous samples)

How should the veterinary technician classify a dog who has a short upper jaw and normal length?

Brachygnathism (a maxillay that is longer than the mandible)

In which animal is the endotracheal tube left in the longest due to its propensity for post-anesthetic breathing problems?

Bulldog

Which drug may be administered concomitantly with IV hydromorphone to produce a neuroleptanalgesia anesthesia for a feline surgery, especially for a painful procedure?

Butorphanol *wrong starts w/A

What species requires a 3-4.5 mm endotracheal tube?

Cats

Which patients should always receive probiotic therapy during treatment with beta lactam antibiotics?

Cats *wrong

Which preoperative scrub procedure is best for abdominal surgeries?

Chlorhexidine detergent alternating with isopropyl alcohol

A patient is experiencing hypothermia following an abdominal exploratory. He is currently in lateral recumbency and receiving IV fluids. AAWhich is the best treatment for hypothermia in this patient?

Circulating warm water blanket

Which agent used in companion animals is only available as a compounded drug since was removed from the U.S. market?

Cisapride

A greyhound shows signs of hypovolemic shock after extensive blood and plasma loss from burns suffered when he was injured in an explosion. which treatment will most effectively manage hypovolemia in this patient?

Colloid expander, 10-20 mg/kg IV *wrong

Which is the first step in any surgical procedure?

Complete the patient's medical record

A 3-year-old Doberman with von Willebrand's disease is admitted with a diagnosis of rodenticde toxicity. The doctor instructs the veterinary technician to administer a blood transfusion. Which type of product should be administered to this patient?

Cryoprecipitate

Which drug regimen is used preoperatively to enhance surgical hemostasis in patients with mild to moderate von willebrand disorder?

DDAVP (decompression) within 30 minutes after administration and may last for up to 4 hours (DDAVP 30 minutes before surgery)

Which is required on prescriptions for controlled substances?

DEA number

Which statement regarding the interpretation of a chemistry panel is true?

Dehydration may falsely elevate the hematocrit and total protein levels

What is the function of a pulse oximeter?

Detects changes in oxygen saturation of hemoglobin

Which scenario produces chemical artifacts resulting in dull images lacking contrast? A. Developer temperature is too warm B. Developer temperature is too cold C. Fixer is exhausted (wrong) D. Fixer is over concentrated (wrong)

Developer temperature is too cold ??

Which drug is the veterinarian most likely to order for the treatment of status epilepticus? A. Phenobarbital B. Potassium Bromide C. Primadone D. Diazepam

Diazepam

Which recumbency is required for a radiograph of the distal portion of a lower limb? A. right lateral B. left lateral C. dorsal D. Sternal

Dorsal

Which type of forceps are considered atraumatic and used in clamping off bowel and delicate tissues?

Doyen

Which designation must be included on the prescription form for any controlled substance?

Drug Enforment Agency number

What anticoagulant is recommended for hematological testing due to its ability to preserve samples without altering cell morphology?

EDTA

A patient's heart rate drops to dangerous levels during an anesthetic procedure. the animal does not have an intravenous catheter in place. to ensure a successful outcome, which medication should be administered through the endotracheal tube?

Epinephrine

A young llama is assessed for a possible ventricular septal defect, as evidence...murmur and mild cyanosis of the muscous membrane. Which condition is being experienced?

Excessive concentration of dexoyhemoglobin in the blood

A canine patient is standing with head lowered to shoulder level and tail positioned downward, avoiding eye contact and maintaining a level stare. What typical pattern of aggression is this dog exhibiting?

Fear-induced (fear/anxiety/uncertainty)

Which is the correct radiographic view to evaluate the anconeal process?

Flexed lateral elbow

What produces a reversible loss of sensation and is associated with unconsciousness?

General anesthesia

Which disinfectant has a shelf life of only 2 to 4 weeks?

Glutaraldehyde

When recommending a weight loss regiment for a 13-pound diabetic cat, which diet would be most beneficial?

High protein, low carbohydrate, moderate fat content fed ad with 30% caloric decrease (Cats, being strictly carnivores, respond to diabetic treatments better with a high-protein diet. Carbohydrates are not needed by cats; therefore low levels of carbohydrate in the diet help regulate the cat more efficiently. In fact, some cats regulate well with a high-protein diet alone and do not need daily injections of insulin.)

During surgery, a veterinary technician notices that the rebreathing bag is overly

Hole in rebreathing bag or tubing

A cat presents with a urine output greater than 2ml/kg/hr for the last 2 days. based on physical findings, the veterinarian suspects a recent urinary obstruction. which initial assessment(s) might help provide evidence this patient has postobstructive diuresis?

IV fluid therapy///Cystocentesis

A bulldog presents with acute frostbite on his paws. Which treatment is most effective for the immediate, acute phase of frostbite?

Immerse affected areas in warm water (102F-104F)

Which factor will confirm the presence of glaucoma?

Increased intraocular pressure (IOP)

Which response should the veterinary technician give to a client who calls to ask if acetaminophen may be given to a cat that has recently undergone an onychectomy?

Instruct the client that acetaminophen is not to be administered

When prescribing medication for a hospitalized snake, the veterinarian requests parenteral administration as opposed to the per os route. Which route should be used to deliver the precribed drug therapy? A. IV B. Rectal C. Inhalation D. Sublingual

Intravenous

A 6-year-old outside cat from the western United States presents with swollen lymph nodes and pneumonia. The veterinarian diagnoses the cat with plague. How should the technician describe the etiology and transmission of the disease?

It is caused by Yersinia pestis and is carried by rodent fleas; it can be transmitted to humans by aerosol

Which characteristic of propofol makes it a safe choice for anesthetic induction in sighthounds? A. It decreases intracranial pressure B. It exhibits antiemetic properties C. It is only available as an IV injectable D. It does not have a cumulative effect

It is only available as an IV injectable *unsure

Which cause of airway obstruction is common in cats undergoing endotracheal intubation?

Laryngeal spasm

Which acronym refers to a document that contains information regarding the safe use and storage of products that contain potentially hazardous chemicals?

MSDS

Which protocol is best for decreasing the anesthetic risk to a brachycephalic dog?

Mask induction followed by intubation (o2)

Which test is performed to determine the number of parasite eggs per gram of feces?

McMaster technqiue

Where is the green blood pressure cuff placed on a patient?

Metatarsus

Which drug is used to treat felines with hyperthyroidism?

Methimazole

Which type of scissors should be selected for a surgeon who is about to remove a patient's testicles?

Metzenbaum

Which technique is most effective for differentiating dirofilaria immitis from dipetalonema reconditum? A. Di-Fil B. Buffy coat C. Blood smear D. Modified Knotts

Modified Knotts

Which route are enteral fluids administered? A. Intraosseous B. Nasogastric C. SQ D. IV

Nasogastric

What is the third eyelid present in domestic animals?

Nictitating membrane

Which treatment is most effective for a dog with a closed pyometra?

Ovariohysterectomy

Which wave on the lead II ECG corresponds to atrial depolarization?

P wave

A 1 yr old, intact female dog is admitted to the hospital for a spay surgery. The only abnormailty detected during the physical exam is mild dehydration. Which ASA physical status classification is correct for this patient? A. P4 B. P2 C. P1 D. P3

P2

In which animal is a cuffed endotracheal tube contraindicated?

Parrot

If blood samples are collected with a serum separator tube for therapeutic drug monitoring which will most likely be detected at falsely lowered levels? A. Prednisolone B. Phenobarbital C. Meloxicam D. Carprofen

Phenobarbital

After a surgical patient is premedicated by intramuscular injection, which task is performed next during the preoperative period?

Placement of an IV catheter

Which level of stage III anesthesia is optimal for most surgical procedures?

Plane 2

In order to control plaque and calculus, which is the best recommendation for a chewing aid on toy?

Plaque removing chews

Which anesthetic agent causes hypertension? A. Diazepam B. Propofol C. Ketamine D. Isoflurane

Propofol

Which piece of monitoring equipment is the best indicator of impending respiratory failure during anesthesia?

Pulse oximeter *wrong

Which is the most like cause of intestinal obstruction in long-haired rabbits?

Re-ingestion of compressed fecal hair pellets

Which orthopedic instrument comes in two forms (double-action and single-action) and is used to cut small pieces of dense tissue, such as bone and cartilage?

Rongeur

Which bacteria is a common cause of zoonoses in reptiles?

Salmonella

A canine patient is exhibiting the following clinical signs under anesthesia: pupil central and dilated, irregular breathing pattern, heart rate below 60 bpm, systolic blood pressure 55mmHg. these clinical signs are consistent with which stage of anesthesia? A. Stage II B. Stage IV C. Stage III, Plane III D. Stage III, Plane I

Stage III

During which stage of anesthesia do the eyes start to rotate from a central position into a ventromedial position?

Stage III: surgical anesthesia/Plane 1

Which stage of anesthesia is most frequently associated with an agonal pattern of ventilation?

Stage IV

An 8-year-old Miniature Poodle with halitosis presents for a dental prophylactic. there is hair in a 10mm pocket on the buccal surface of the right carnassial tooth and moderate increase mobility is noted. no other oral lesion are detected. when dental pathology is most consistent with this presentation?

Stage IV periodontal disease

Which best describes the technique known as coupage?

Striking a patient's chest

Which complication is likely to results from gastric dilataion and volvuous? A. Bradycardia B. Tachycardia C. Asystole D. Heartblock

Tachycardia

Which is considered "sterile"?

The front of the gown between the waist and just between the shoulders (Front of the surgeon's gown below waist level) *wrong

Which specimen for microbial testing must be submitted under refrigeration?

Urine by cystocentesis

Which statement is true of insulin therapy in obese cats?

Urine testing of a pooled sample is adequate to monitor glucose levels in newly diagnosed patients *wrong

A client of a local animal clinic asks the veterinary technician if a relative who is visiting from out of town can pick up Lasix for her dog. What element is required in order for the veterinarian to legally dispense the medication to this unaffiliated person?

V C P R

A dog presents with a fracture of the right scapula. The owner declines surgical fixation. which bandaging technique should the veterinary technician employ to immobilize the scapula?

Velpeau sling

Which ECG abnormality is commonly seen in Great Danes following gastropexy repair of gastric dilatation and volvulus?

Ventricular premature contractions

The veterinarian prescribes a non-steroidal anti inflammatory drug (NSAID) for a dog following an ovariohysterectomy. Which instructions should be given to the client concerning the use of NSAIDS?

Watch for vomiting or change in appetite.

A 16-year-old indoor cat with a history of hyperthyroidism presents with rear limb paralysis and pain, cold rear get (delta t> 4 degrees), panting, and tachycardia (>230 bpm). which is the most likely physical or diagnostic exam finding for this patient?

absent femoral pulses

A reptile patient has an optimal temperature zone (otz) of 24-30ºc. the ambient temperature of the room is 65ºf. how should the veterinary technician manage this situation?

advise that although the reptile is within its OTZ in the room. he should still be provided with a heat gradient. *wrong, reptile is NOT within its OTZ (Initially assess the status of the patient. Warm the patient to the upper end of the reptile's preferred optimal temperature zone (POTZ). For many commonly kept reptiles, this is between 26°C and 32°C (80°F and 90°F). Begin fluid therapy (10-30 mL/kg q 24 h) to rehydrate if clinically indicated. • When possible, surgical removal of the entire abscess "in toto" is recommended. • General or local anesthesia is necessary. • If the abscess cannot be removed (such as the mandible), aggressive surgical débridement of the abscess is needed: ○ Marsupializing the abscess wall to the skin will allow important topical/local treatment. • Flushing with a variety of solutions such as diluted chlorhexidine solution (1 part chlorhexidine to 30 parts saline) or 50% dextrose solution for 1 or more weeks after surgery is important in management. • Local treatment should continue before second intention healing is eventually allowed to occur. • For the surgical description of how to manage abscesses.)

To properly maintain the sterile field, the circulating surgical technician is allowed to perform which procedure?

assist the sterile surgical technician by tying their gown

A 3-week-old kitten presents in status epilepticus, then quickly goes limp. He has a heart beat and is breathing, but his mucous membranes are pale, and he is salivating. His temperature is 97.8 degrees F. The veterinary technician is able to place a 24 g IV catheter. Which diagnostic is indicated right away, and which treatment is most appropriate pending the results of the diagnostic test?

blood glucose level; solu-delta-cortef given @ 1ml/lb/hr

Which treatment should be added to the pain management protocol of a canine, in addition to an ovariohysterectomy, is now having a fractured 4th upper premolar extraction?

buprenorphine IM with a sedative 30 minutes before procedure

Which two structures does the periodontal ligament connect?

cementum to alveolar bone

The buccal surface of a tooth located next to which area?

cheek

Which factor is likely to increase wound healing times?

chlorhexidine scrub as a surgical prep *wrong

While taking inventory of laboratory supplies, the veterinary technician finds that the clinic is in need of blood tubes for coagulation assays. Which specific tubes require ordering?

citrated anticogulant

Which procedure is most effective when collecting a serum blood sample from a canine?

clot formation for 20-30mins the centrifugation for 10mins

Which is the best option for cleaning radiographic intensifying screens?

commercial solution

The veterinary technician explains to the client that oxymorphone was given for pain management. Which side effects should the client be made aware of?

constipation

Which reflex is suppressed last during anesthesia?

crossed-extender *wrong

Which technique is preferred when examining a fecal sample for protozoal

direct smear

Which solution should the veterinary technician use when calibrating a refractometer?

distilled water at 70ºf

Which radiographic phenomenon occurs when the x-ray beam is not perpendicular to the lung axis of the anatomic part?

elongation

While monitoring a patient under anesthesia, the surgical technician sees evidence of early cyanosis. Beyond checking airway and breathing circuitry, which action is most appropriate?

ensure anesthesia is not too deep; considered treatment with doxapram

Which method of sterilization is preferred for heat-sensitive endoscopy tubes?

ethylene oxide

A dog exhibits behavioral changes including a persistent statue like posture and a fixed stare since sustaining injuries during a recent attack by another dog. which is the most likely explanation for this behavior?

fear of something in the peripheral visual field

Which type of drape is used at the periphery of the prepared area to isolate the unprepared portion of the animal?

field

The veterinarian requests medication for a horse with inflammatory colic brought on by atropine administration for a corneal ulcer. which treatment regimen is the best option for this patient?

firocoxib, 2.2mg/kg q24h *wrong

Which is the preferred method for decontaminating nondisposable wire loops?

flame (Bunsen burner)

Which is the best protocol for preventing nosocomial bacteria infections?

frequent hand washing by hospital personnel

Which portion of the sterile technician's gown is considered part of the sterile field?

front from shoulders to the level of the surgery table

A spayed obese female beagle presents with a bupthalmic (enlarged), cloudy right eye with very red, injected sclera vessels & pain. the eye appears to have multiple striae in the cornea. the pupil appears dilated, although it is difficult to visualize through the cornea. these signs and symptoms are consistent with which condition?

glaucoma

What are the most commonly used immunosuppressive drugs in veterinary medicine?

glucocorticoids

What storage technique is recommended to prevent cracks in a lead apron?

hang apron vertically over a round surface 3cm or greater

A 3.5kg male, neutered cat presents after dropping from atop a 5-story building. the patient is pale with a rapid heart rate and a slightly increased respiratory rate, but auscultation reveals no heart or lungs abnormalities. a radiograph of the chest and abdomen reveals a diaphragmatic hernia, but no sign of fluid in either cavity. the doctor orders a shock dose of fluids. which of the fluids and rates below best match the needs of this cat?

hetastarch @ 3ml/hr and normal saline @ 70ml/hr *wrong

In which animal is an absolute reticulocyte count not useful in assessing the bone marrow response to anemia?

horse

Which endocrine disease is most common in felines?

hyperthyroidism

Which is/are the most common adverse clinic sign(s) assoicated with opioid use?

hypotension & respiratory depression

A cat with hyperthyroidism and moderate to significant w weight loss is prepped for surgery. she is given the tranquilizer acetylpromazine before anesthesia induction. which condition should the anesthetists be especially diligent to recognize during surgery?

hypothermia

What is one cause of hypercapnia?

hypoventilation

Which condition is a result of an endotracheal tube that is too short for a patient?

hypoxia

While under general anesthesia, a labrador retriever's gum are pressed and released and the color does not return for 4 seconds. which condition is the most likely cause?

hypoxia

An owner calls in a panic, as she feels her horse suffered a fractured cannon bone. her local vet has provided the leg some stability with a splint and a robert jones bandage, but now she needs to transfer the horse to the critical care facility. how should the veterinary technician advise the owner to transport the horse?

in a trailer w/partitions; head loosely tied and to the rear of trailer

Which factor is the primary controller of the penetrating power of the x-ray beam?

kVp *wrong

Which anesthetic agent is classified as a dissociative?

ketamine

Which anesthetic induction agent is associate with vomiting and an abrupt drop is systemic blood pressure?

ketamine

Which position is best for a obtaining a radiograph of the left humerus in a canine patient?

left lateral recumbency with the limb extended in a cranioventral direction

Drug metabolism primarily occurs at which site?

liver

Which diagnostic imaging technique uses a nonionizing energy source to create an anatomic image?

magnetic resonance imaging

Which tooth in the adult canine dental formula has three roots?

maxillary fourth premolar

Which pathology is characterized by signs such as heart murmurs and soft coughing and is often seen in small breed dogs with periodontal disease?

mitral valve insufficency

Which abbreviation is used to record systolic and diastolic pressures?

mmHg

What is the most likely cause for red blood cells to demonstrate refractile artifacts following the staining process?

moisture in the fixative

A female pit bull under anesthesia is receiving 2 liters of oxygen and 2% isoflurane. Withdrawal and canthal reflexes are not detected, the pupils are beginning to dilate, and pulse oximeter reads 99%. Respiratory rate is 4 breaths/minute, heart rate is 45 beats/minute and mucous membranes are pinks. The surgery requires additional time, but the surgeon is conercened that she is too deep in anesthesia. Due to the signs and symptoms, which condition is most likely occurring?

neurotoxic shock *unsure

The veterinarian has ordered a chlorhexidine rinse and a foot bath for a dog with a superficial yeast infection. how much 4% chlorhexidine will be needed to make a gallon of 1% chlorhexidine rinse and foot bath?

one quart

When using inhalant anesthetic agents, what is referred as the carrier gas? What is the gas carrier for inhalant anesthetic agentS?

oxygen

Which parasite is routinely using the cellophane tape preparation?

oxyuris

A owner brings a pet macaw into the clinic after the sudden onset of behavioral changes, including increase aggression on approach, picking out feathers from the right side of its chest, and destroying its own plumage. add the veterinary technician approaches the cage, the macaw engages in guarding behavior, touching its head under its right wing and turning its left shoulder toward the handler. what does this behavior indicate?

pain at a specific site on the body

Which neurons are the primary target of a ring block for an onychectomy? A. sympathetic B. parasympathetic C. motor (wrong) D. sensory

parasympathetic

A golden retriever presents with severe weakness and lethargy. Echocardiography reveals a decompensated phase of cardiac compression as a result of rapid, abnormal fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac. Which is the initial treatment of choice to rapidly stabilize this patient?

pericardiocentesis

a number of chickens on a poultry farm begin to exhibit symptoms of pleuritis. subsequent lab analysis of the flock indicates 40 ppm levels of ammonia in both symptomatic and asymptomatic birds. which is the most likely cause of pleuritis in this case?

poor ventilation with unhealthy levels of urea in the living environment

Which term best decribes the purpose of meloxicam adminstration prior to an ovariohysterectomy?

premedication *wrong

A 7 year old intact female golden retriever presents with polyuria, polydipsia, and vomiting. the last estrus was 6 weeks prior to presentation. upon abdominal radiography, two large, fluid filled tubular structures are seen by the veterinarian. which hormone will be elevated? A. Glucagon B. Parathyroid hormone (wrong) C. Cortisol D. Progesterone

progesterone

Which pharmaceutical or biological product should be slowly agitated instead of shaken?

protamine zinc insulin

A canine patient presents with a stick penetrating the right side of the thorax. While waiting in the triage area, the client removes the stick from the patient's chest. The patient immediately goes into respiratory failure. which is the most likely cause for the patient's rapid deterioration?

punctured lung *wrong

A 6 year old intact female dachshund presents febrile, anorexic, vomiting, polyuric, & polydipsic. the last heat cycle was 1 month prior to presentation. there is no vaginal discharge. these signs are most consistent with which condition?

pyelonephritis *wrong

Which adverse effect is most likely to occur as a result of cisplatin therapy?

renal failure

Which is an indication that an animal is going into shock during anesthesia?

respiratory rate of 20 per minute in a cat *poss. wrong/unsure

Which is the most essential step in performing a skin scraping for diagnosing demodicosis?

scraping until capillary blood oozes

Which is the best method to dispose of a drug that becomes expired?

send it back to the manufacturer

Which term refers to a radiographic contrast study of the salivary glands and ducts?

sialograohy

Which cells, if found on examination of urine sediment, would indicate that the urine sample likely a voided sample?

squamous

A urinalysis revels glycosuria in a 5-year-old feline who is otherwise healthy. Which is the most likely cause for this finding?

stress and excitement

A labrador retriever puppy presents for a physical examination prior to his last set of vaccinations. he has palpable ribs, but they cannot be visualized. a moderate waist is seen when viewed from above and laterally. the puppy is currently consuming 1.5 cups of large breed growth formula per day. which dietary recommendation is best for this patient?

the patient's weight is ideal and the owner should maintain 1.5 cups per day until the animal is a year old.

In physical rehabilitation, which treatment method provides the deepest penetration of heat into the tissues?

therapeutic ultrasound

A client has an issue with one male cat in a 5 cat household urinating on the living room rug. the cat is within normal limits on physical exam and urinalysis. which scenario is likely to inflict enough stress to cause feline housesoiling?

there are 3 litter boxes in the house all located in the same room

Which anesthesia induction agent is most difficult for a sighthound to metabolize?

thiopental

Which is the best method for decreasing personnel exposure to ionizing radiation when performing a ventrodorsal (vd) pelvic radiograph on a canine?

use a v-tray

The veterinarian has requested radiographs of tooth 208. which is the most appropriate technique for obtaining this radiograph?

w/ the central ray directed at the posterior maxillary bisecting angle from the lateral aspect and an oblique radiograph.