HG&D Ch. 15

_____ is likely to delay biochemical alterations such as the age-related rise in cholesterol and triglycerides observed in both humans and animals.

Calorie restriction

Which of the following is the leading cause of death in the 75-84 and 85 and over age groups?

Cardiovascular diease

Reductions in _____ have been linked to small declines in memory functioning and to the severe memory loss associated with Alzheimer disease.

acetylcholine

At least _____ percent of older adults report at least some persistent pain.

60

What is the average life expectancy for individuals born today in the United States?

78.7 years

The cognitive benefits for older adults who exercise include all of the following EXCEPT:

Expanded short-term memory capacity.

Which of the following biological theories of aging states that people age because their cells' normal metabolism produces unstable oxygen molecules?

Free-radical theory

_____ is the number of years that the average person born in a particular year will probably live.

Life expectancy

_____ is a condition in which individuals may have relatively normal peripheral vision but are unable to see clearly what is right in front of them.

Macular degeneration

Which of the following statements regarding smell and taste in the elderly is TRUE?

Smell and taste decline less in healthy older adults than in their less healthy counterparts.

All of the following are characteristics associated with centenarians EXCEPT:

Smoking.

Which of the following countries had the lowest estimated life expectancy in 2011?

South Africa

The Lumosity program used by older adults in a study to improve their selective attention focuses on all of the following EXCEPT:

Vocabulary development.

Ellie is 75 years old. According to your text, she is MOST likely to complain about:

back pain.

According to a study by Coleman that compared the brains of adults at various ages, from the forties through the seventies, the:

growth of dendrites increased.

An example of _____ attention is the ability to focus on one voice among many in a crowded room or a noisy restaurant.

selective

Zack is having a conversation with his friend Ben in a crowded room. Despite the presence of many voices around him, Zack focuses on what Ben is saying. This is an example of _____ attention.

selective

A person's knowledge about the world is called _____ memory.

semantic

Researchers are exploring _____ buffering strategies, such as exercise, in an effort to find ways to attenuate some of the negative effects of stress on the aging process.

stress

According to the cellular clock theory, after about 70 or 80 replications, the cell no longer can reproduce and the _____ are dramatically reduced.

telomeres

In a classic study, Judith Rodin and Ellen Langer found that an important factor related to health, and even survival, in a nursing home is:

the patient's feelings of control and self-determination.

Color vision declines with age due to:

the yellow of the lens of the eye.

Exercise is linked to the prevention or delayed onset of chronic diseases, such as:

type 2 diabetes