HIS 112 Exam #2 Important Names

Simón Bolívar succinctly summed up the developing political situation in Latin America when he said

"I fear peace more than war."

U.S. policies toward Latin America included

"dollar diplomacy" and the Good Neighbor Policy

Emiliano Zapata was

A Mexican agrarian rebel who fought for "land and liberty."

Long Term Causes of the War

Alliance system Arms race Imperialism Nationalism Break down of Austro—Hungarian and Ottoman Empires Encirclement of Germany

Who is the most dangerous man in Queen Victoria's empire?

Cecil John Rhodes

Reasons for Dropping the Atomic bombs

Economic Military Diplomatic Political Revenge

The deliberate violation of perspective by Japanese artists influenced

Edgar Degas

Who were the two men from Great Britain that lead the final phase of the British Empire?

General Charles Gordon, Cecil John Rhodes

Who were the Friekorps

German ex-solders who were hired by the German government to help maintain order after the First World War.

(1914) Triple Alliance

Germany Austria Hungary Italy

The members of the Triple Alliance were

Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.

The term lost generation was coined by

Gertrude Stein

Which of the following Asian countries was part of the "big five" in the League of Nations?

Japan

Leon Trotsky

Lenin's military leader

Mexican President ________ nationalized his country's oil industry, thus posing a challenge to the U.S. policy of nonintervention in Latin American affairs.

Lázaro Cárdenas

One of the greatest proponents of pan-Africanism was

Marcus Garvey

One of the greatest proponents of pan-Africanism was

Marcus Garvey.

The last tsar of Russia was

Nicholas II

Enabling Act—March 24th, 1933

Outlawed all parties except his, reason was the Reichstag was burned down by supposedly the communists—once he is in power, he never gives it back. Democracy in Germany is done

Which of the following refers to "land of the pure"?

Pakistan

Who stood in Hitler's way of becoming chancellor?

President Hindenburg

(1914) Triple Entente

Russia England France

The individual who developed the theory of psychoanalysis was

Sigmund Freud

In 1824, Thomas Stamford Raffles founded the port of

Singapore

Which individual's surname means "man of steel"?

Stalin

What is the NKVD? How do they obtain confessions?

Stalin's secret police. Under extremely brutal torture people would confess to things they hadn't done.

In 1770, Captain James Cook anchored his fleet near what modern city?

Sydney

Count Joseph Arthur de Gobineau.

The author of Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races

Pablo Picasso

The leading proponent of cubism was

Cheka

The secret police under Lenin and his Communist Party

In the wake of World War I, Mustafa Kemal became president of

Turkey

Hitler finally was offered the chancellorship in January 1933. Who helped him reach this position?

Von Poppin

Fatt Hing Chin was

a Chinese immigrant to the United States who panned for gold

Kristallnacht was

a Nazi-arranged attack on thousands of Jewish stores. Night of the Broken Glass—1938—1st instance of violence against the Jews specifically directed by the state.

According to Freud, the root of neurotic behavior was

a conflict between conscious and unconscious mental processes

Cecil Rhodes was

a leading British imperialist who founded a colony in Africa said, "We are the finest race in the world, and the more of the world we inhabit, the better it is for the human race"

Maoism was

a political ideology that held that peasants were the foundation for a successful communist revolution.

Mussolini

began the fascist movement

Juan Manuel de Rosas

called for regional autonomy in an attempt to reconcile competing interests in Argentina

Otto von Bismarck

diplomat—famous line—the decisions of the day will be made by blood and iron. He is not concerned with human rights but power politics or politics of reality (realpolitik). He is a Junker, Prussian nobility, is concerned with only Prussian goals, he hates democracy, individualism, and socialism. He stress Prussian socialism— service and obedience to the state.

The Maji Maji rebellion occurred in

east Africa against the Germans.

The India Act of 1937

gave the institutions of a self-governing state to India, although the British government still exercised overall control.

The Long March

greatly strengthened Mao Zedong's leadership position

William the 1st of Prussia

he has the title of King—no other German leader has this, gives the new state legitimacy with other leaders in Europe

Who is Sergei Kirov? What is his fate?

head of the Lenin party, very powerful. He becomes too popular, so he has him assassinated.

What are the Gulags?

labor camps

Muhammad Ali was the

leader who ended effective (if not nominal) Ottoman control in Egypt.

Helmuth von Moltke the Elder

military—will lead the Prussian military to victories in three quick wars the will unify Germany under Prussian control. The Elder is used because his namesake will lead the German armies in World War One—the Younger

Louis Riel was the leader of the

métis

In which of the following groups did ideas regarding African nationalism germinate?

new elite

Kulaks

peasants who own a few farm animals or land

The social Darwinists believed that

powerful nations were meant to dominate weaker societies.

Caudillos were

regional military leaders who provided order in Latin America

The War of 1812

stimulated a new sense of Canadian unity against an external threat.

Emilio Aguinaldo led an uprising in

the Philippines against the United States

What major power was NOT invited to attend the Paris peace negotiations that led to the Treaty of Versailles?

the Soviet Union

While the Russian-German Treaty of Nonaggression was, on the surface, a nonaggression pact, it had secret stipulations that spelled out

the division of eastern Europe.

Sun Yatsen's plan for China included all of the following EXCEPT

the establishment of a communist, totalitarian government

Which of the following was NOT one of the chief actions of Roosevelt's New Deal?

tighten the money supply

Pan-Africanism is an idea that advocated the

unification of all people of African descent around the globe into one African state

Nikolai Berdiaev

wrote, "Man's historical experience has been one of steady failure, and there are no grounds for supposing it will be ever anything else"