HIST 105 Quizzes

Which of the following best describes the Black response to the ending of the Civil War and the coming of freedom? Sensing the continued hatred of whites toward them, most Blacks wished to move back to Africa. Most Blacks stayed with their old masters because they were not familiar with any other opportunities. Blacks adopted different ways of testing their freedom, including moving about, seeking kin, and rejecting older forms of deferential behavior. Most Blacks were content working for wages and not owning their own land because they believed that they had not yet earned that right.

Blacks adopted different ways of testing their freedom, including moving about, seeking kin, and rejecting older forms of deferential behavior.

How did the market revolution change the way Americans conceived of time? It led Congress to create time zones throughout the country in 1823. Clocks increasingly regulated the separation of work and leisure time for those living in cities. Artisans began spending their lunch hours in political discussions rather than just taking breaks as they worked throughout the day. It lengthened life expectancy because Americans no longer had to work from sunrise to sunset as they had on farms. It enhanced the individual American's sense of independence to be able to walk away from work at a certain time.

Clocks increasingly regulated the separation of work and leisure time for those living in cities.

Which of the following contributed to the United States going to war in 1812? Madison's refusal to support Macon's Bill no. 2 Great Britain's announcement that it would end the impressment of American sailors Congressional War Hawks who pressed for territorial expansion into Florida and Canada Tecumseh's victory at the Battle of Tippecanoe The Republican insistence on high tariffs

Congressional War Hawks who pressed for territorial expansion into Florida and Canada

Which is true of paper money in America in the early nineteenth century? It could be issued only by the federal government. It was in limited supply and used extensively only in the larger cities. It represented a promise to pay the bearer, on demand, a specific amount of gold or silver. Its value was determined by the president of the Second Bank of the United States. Its value could not legally exceed the amount of money that the bank printing it held in its vault.

It represented a promise to pay the bearer, on demand, a specific amount of gold or silver.

What did Abraham Lincoln identify as the core of the proslavery argument? It was based on the ideals of the Declaration of Independence. It echoed arguments made by slave owners in the New York. It relied on the assumption that slaves would not choose freedom if given the option. It served the interests of those who benefited from slavery.

It served the interests of those who benefited from slavery.

Which of the following best describes the Underground Railroad? It was a loose organization of sympathetic abolitionists who hid fugitives in their homes and sent them on to the next "station," led by runaway enslaved people. It was the system slave traders used in the South to avoid public scrutiny for family separation. It managed to help only a few dozen individuals escape enslavement. It was an actual steam-powered train, with tracks that led to freedom.

It was a loose organization of sympathetic abolitionists who hid fugitives in their homes and sent them on to the next "station," led by runaway enslaved people.

Following the War of 1812 and the establishment of a national bank, the Panic of 1819 occurred. What was a major cause of this financial panic? People lost faith in the banking system. There was a huge credit crunch fueled by national debt. Land speculation in the West surged, fueled by easy credit. European banks gave huge loans to buy up land in the South. Subprime loans began to go into default, causing an economic crisis.

Land speculation in the West surged, fueled by easy credit.

Which statement is true about Black abolitionists? Many formerly enslaved people published accounts of their lives in bondage, which together convinced thousands of northerners of the immorality of slavery All white abolitionists absolutely refused to welcome Black abolitionists into the movement. Black abolitionists supported Southern slaveowners right to "do as they pleased." Black abolitionists argued that slavery should expand westward.

Many formerly enslaved people published accounts of their lives in bondage, which together convinced thousands of northerners of the immorality of slavery.

What was the biggest motivating factor in moving westward in the 1820s and 1830s? People sought to acquire cheap land Gold existed just beyond the Appalachian Mountains. Slaves could escape to safe havens. Cotton could be grown in Ohio and Indiana. People were escaping religious persecution.

People sought to acquire cheap land

Why did President James K. Polk initiate military action against Mexico in April 1846? Mexico had invaded Canada. Polk claimed God had instructed him to challenge his "brethren to the south" to a massive sports competition. Polk wanted to purchase California, but Mexico refused to negotiate. The United States was helping Spain to reconquer lost colonies.

Polk wanted to purchase California, but Mexico refused to negotiate.

What name was given to the group of politicians that were ardently antislavery and wanted a strong reconstruction plan that would punish the South for starting the war? Radical Republicans copperheads Free Soilers carpetbaggers

Radical Republicans

Which belief would be typical of a paternalistic slave owner in the nineteenth century? Slaves should be formally married in a church. Slaves would be lost without the care and guidance of their owners. Slave women should be excused from work while they were pregnant or had small children. Slaves should be taught to read the Bible. Slave children should attend planation schools until the age of ten.

Slaves would be lost without the care and guidance of their owners.

What was a broadly accepted idea in the United States in the 1830s that was also a departure from Western thought? Only propertied people should participate in politics. Only highly educated people should participate in politics. Race and gender should not be barriers to political participation. Race and gender are social constructs. Sovereignty belongs to the mass of ordinary citizens.

Sovereignty belongs to the mass of ordinary citizens.

What did reformers commonly believe about prisons and asylums? That the persons entering these institutions would and should never leave them. That they were not widely needed, and not many were built. That the persons in the facilities must be used to accomplish uncompensated, forced labor in factories and fields. That they could rehabilitate individuals and then release them back into society

That they could rehabilitate individuals and then release them back into society.

What was true of the South and slaver in nineteenth-century America? England did not need cotton from the South. The South's total population consisted of 2 percent slaves. The amount of money invested in slavery was a small part of the economy. The Old South had developed into the largest and most powerful slave society the modern world has known.

The Old South had developed into the largest and most powerful slave society the modern world has known.

What was the significance of the case Marbury vs Madison? It was John Marshall's first case as chief justice The Supreme Court asserted the power of judicial review The Supreme Court declared that presidential power was greater than congressional power. The decision gave states important new powers to block a too-powerful federal government. Marbury's win meant that he became the new chief justice, a post he held for twenty-one years.

The Supreme Court asserted the power of judicial review

Which statement is true about Indian removal in the 1820s and 1830s? The increasing profitability of cotton motivated the United States to intensify efforts to seize Cherokee, Creek, Chickasaw, and Choctaw lands in order to expand cotton cultivation. Two Supreme Court decisions in favor of Indian property rights led President Andrew Jackson to stop the removal. President Andrew Jackson opposed the removal of the Cherokee, because they had assimilated into American society. During the army's forced removal of 18,000 members of the Cherokee tribe via the Trail of Tears, no one died. The Trail of Tears stretched from Georgia to Florida.

The increasing profitability of cotton motivated the United States to intensify efforts to seize Cherokee, Creek, Chickasaw, and Choctaw lands in order to expand cotton cultivation.

What was the potential danger to northerners who helped enslaved people escape? If caught, they would have to run for office. They faced punishment for violating federal laws. They faced the possibility of having their pets taken away by the government They faced special penalties from the United Kingdom, which had already outlawed slavery.

They faced punishment for violating federal laws.

The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 was welcomed by abolitionists, northerners, and fugitive slaves. gave new powers to federal officers to override local law enforcement angered southerners by significantly weakening an earlier law on fugitive slaves. convinced Abraham Lincoln to retire from political life.

gave new powers to federal officers to override local law enforcement.

By 1840, the temperance movement in the United States had united Americans of all classes and religions in a "war" against alcohol. convinced Congress to pass a national prohibition law, which condemned those who broke the law to life in prison. made no measurable impact on Americans' drinking habits. encouraged a substantial decrease in the consumption of alcohol.

encouraged a substantial decrease in the consumption of alcohol.

Lincoln was hesitant to support abolition early in the war because he did not believe enslaved people could be productive American citizens. owned enslaved people himself. feared losing the support of the slaveholding border states within the Union. did not want to support the policies of the Radical Republicans.

feared losing the support of the slaveholding border states within the Union.

Which of the following statements accurately describes white yeoman (small) farmers? Most white yeoman farmers became more self-sufficient after the Civil War. Many who were sharecroppers before the war became landowners after the war. Most white yeoman farmers were able to keep their land after the war and become incredibly wealthy planters. After the war, many white yeoman farmers went into debt, lost their farms, and became sharecroppers as a result.

After the war, many white yeoman farmers went into debt, lost their farms, and became sharecroppers as a result.

Which statement is true about the Confederacy? At the beginning of the war, a majority of white southerners deeply opposed the Confederate cause. As the war progressed, a significant number of small families suffered financially. Planters began to feel they were unfairly shouldering the financial burdens of the war. The Confederate draft had no allowance for paying for a substitute.

As the war progressed, a significant number of small families suffered financially.

Which statement is true about the Civil War and Indians in the West? The Civil War had no impact on Indians in the West. During the war, the Union army forced 8000 Navajo to move to a reservation. Conflicts between white settlers and Indians in the West were suspended during the Civil War and never started up again. The Union suspended all military actions against Indian tribes during the Civil War.

During the war, the Union army forced 8000 Navajo to move to a reservation.

What was a factor in the coming of the War of 1812? European interference with American trade in the Atlantic American impressment of British sailors into the American navy warfare between Britain and Spain British attacks on Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa American War Hawks' desires to annex Mexico and conquer Canada

European interference with American trade in the Atlantic

What is true of free Black who owned slaves? In some cases, these "slaves" were family members they had purchased and could not legally free. They were forced to become enslavers due to laws in the North that required successful all successful Black businesses to participate in slavery. They were legally prohibited from paying wages to anyone. They were prohibited from owning more than two thousand enslaved people at once.

In some cases, these "slaves" were family members they had purchased and could not legally free.

Which is true of the Emancipation Proclamation? It provided compensation for slaveowners in states that stayed in the Union. It instantly freed all enslaved people everywhere in the United States and around the world. It committed the federal government to enlist Black soldiers. Its legal basis was the president's power to negotiate international treaties.

It committed the federal government to enlist Black soldiers.

Which is typical of slave religion in the first half of the nineteenth century? It rejected all Christian teachings in favor of African religious beliefs. It centered on enslaved chaplains who preferred to mimic the owner's religious understanding, rather than their own. It included both African traditions and Christian beliefs. It focused on the idea that whites were God's "chosen people."

It included both African traditions and Christian beliefs.

In what way did the rise of the market revolution and westward expansion alter the lives of enslaved African Americans? The rise of the Cotton Kingdom reduced legal slavery dramatically, and slave trading became an underground business in which traders forced enslaved people to march to the Deep South. When traders and owners moved enslaved people west, they destroyed family ties and long-standing communities The decline in slavery meant that free Blacks were forced to find their own source of income, which they had no experience doing. Federal law barred free Blacks from skilled job opportunities. Travel fees grew too expensive for Black families to afford finding economic opportunity in the West.

When traders and owners moved enslaved people west, they destroyed family ties and long-standing communities.

What statement is true about the mid-nineteenth-cenury phenomenon known as the "cult of domesticity"? The household gained prominence as the center of economic production, and women, as a result, exercised more economic power than ever before. The ideal middle-class home became a porous, semi-public sphere, merged with the competitive tensions of the market economy. Birth rates increased among middle-class women, who embraced their new role as rulers of the household. Women were no longer expected to embody submission, frailty, or sexual innocence. While men moved freely between public and private spheres, women were expected to remain within the private domestic realm.

While men moved freely between public and private spheres, women were expected to remain within the private domestic realm.

Which view of women in America first became prominent in the early nineteenth century? Women should not have the right to vote because they were too easily swayed by passions and emotions. Through education, women could develop into capable participants in American democracy. Women were too gentle and pure to be contaminated by the world of politics. Women who took jobs in factories were no longer fit to be wives and mothers. Women should not be allowed to speak publicly, as the Bible expressly forbade it.

Women were too gentle and pure to be contaminated by the world of politics.

The Monroe Doctrine was the idea that all white men should have voting rights. secured Florida from Spain. declared the Americas off-limits to further European colonization. stated that the United States would be neutral in all international conflicts. settled the nullification crisis favorably for South Carolina.

declared the Americas off-limits to further European colonization.

The Seneca Falls Convention's Declaration of Sentiments did not demand voting rights because the female participants did not believe women had the intellectual or moral capacity to make decisions of any kind. was written primarily by Ralph Waldo Emerson. condemned the entire structure of inequality between men and women. inspired Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton to become abolitionists and Know-Nothings.

condemned the entire structure of inequality between men and women.

General Sherman marched from Atlanta to the sea in order to link up with George Washington's army demoralize the South's civilian population. secure New York City for the Union. free Confederate prisoners at Andersonville.

demoralize the South's civilian population.

In the decades before the Civil War, the southern states developed larger cities than the northern states. had higher literacy rates than the northern states. industrialized very little compared to the northern states. attracted more immigrants than the northern states. developed a larger public school system than the northern states.

industrialized very little compared to the northern states.

"Manifest destiny" refers to the idea first advanced by journalist John L. O'Sullivan that it was the divine mission of the United States to lead the world in the abolition of slavery. it was the divine mission of the United States to return the continent to its Native inhabitants. it was the divine mission of the Catholic Church to take over the United States. it was the divine mission of the United States to take over the continent in order to extend freedom. it was the divine mission of the United States to venture west and explore the natural North American wilderness.

it was the divine mission of the United States to take over the continent in order to extend freedom.

Reform movements of the 1820s and 1830s was a deeply secular movement that entirely opposed the imposition of Protestant morality on society. often drew inspiration from the Calvinist belief in predestination. often drew inspiration from the Second Great Awakening's perfectionism outlook. excluded women altogether.

often drew inspiration from the Second Great Awakening's perfectionism outlook.

What was a voting requirement that all states except Rhode Island had eliminated by 1860? being male being white being a citizen owning property being twenty-one years or older

owning property

Which tactic did abolitionists use most often in the 1820s and 1840s? funding and arming enslaved people who were willing to rebel against their owners presenting slavery as morally wrong direct, violent resistance convincing enslavers to take the people they enslaved and pursue slavery in another country

presenting slavery as morally wrong

In 1846, Congressman David Wilmot proposed to prohibit slavery from all territory acquired from Mexico. divide the Oregon Country between Russia, Mexico, Belgium, and the United States. annex Cuba, Newfoundland, and South Africa to avoid southern secession. demand that everyone in California and New Mexico purchase enslaved people for labor.

prohibit slavery from all territory acquired from Mexico.

During Reconstruction, the majority of southern African Americans remained poor and without property. had the opportunity to purchase huge new plots of land. became very wealthy. didn't care at all about owning property.

remained poor and without property.

The treaty that ended the War of 1812 gave the United States large tracts of land in the West. gave Canada the option of joining the United States. was a humiliating treaty for Britain. restored the prewar status quo resulted in the United States losing land to Canada.

restored the prewar status quo

In 1855, an enslaved woman in Missouri named Celia killed her enslaver while resisting his sexual assault. State law deemed "any woman" in such circumstances to be acting in self-defense. The court sentenced Celia to death because she was property in the eyes of the law, and thus not legally a "woman." deported Celia to Ohio for her own protection. declared a mistrial, because the jury could not agree on a verdict. refused to hear the case, declaring that Celia was not a citizen.

sentenced Celia to death because she was property in the eyes of the law, and thus not legally a "woman."

Nat Turner's Rebellion demonstrated that slaves would be at a fatal disadvantage if they were outnumbered by armed whites. that enslaved people were uninterested in freedom. that most white Virginians were inclined to end slavery. that resistance to slavery among enslaved people was waning.

that slaves would be at a fatal disadvantage if they were outnumbered by armed whites.

What previously held political belief did Thomas Jefferson have to abandon in order to conduct the Louisiana Purchase? that the United States should not expand farther west that the government could only exercise powers directly described in the Constitution that Indigenous people should not be moved from their ancestral homelands that French-speaking people had no place in the United States that tropical climates were unsuitable for people of European ancestry

that the government could only exercise powers directly described in the Constitution

Which of the following might most accurately represent the belief of a proslavery supporter before the Civil War? the belief that African Americans should be immediately be freed and deported outside the United States. the belief that the South would eventually choose to end the institution of slavery once planters earned enough money. the belief that African Americans and whites were innately equal in every way. the belief that Black people were innately inferior to whites and unsuited for life in any condition other than slavery.

the belief that Black people were innately inferior to whites and unsuited for life in any condition other than slavery.

What significant issue did the Missouri Compromise aim to resolve? giving land to Native Americans the protective tariff enslaved people being treated as property the extension of slavery the abolition of slavery

the extension of slavery

In terms of employment, Blacks during Reconstruction most avidly searched for their old jobs in the plantations. newspaper work the possibility to work their own land. office jobs

the possibility to work their own land.

The plantation masters had many means to maintain order among their slaves. According to the text, what was the most powerful weapon the plantation masters had? requiring slaves to attend church the threat of sale withholding alcohol denying a marriage between two enslaved people

the threat of sale

Slave auctions were secret events held in remote locations. very public events advertised in newspapers and held on courthouse lawns. always held in the Caribbean so that Americans buyers never had to see the devastating scenes of family separation. always held in the North.

very public events advertised in newspapers and held on courthouse lawns.