HIST 2111: Chapter 12 / 13 - Immigration, Expansion, and Sectional Conflict / Compromise to Secession

What Massachusetts case ruled that labor unions were not illegal monopolies?

*Commonwealth v. Hunt* Gibbons v. Ogden Goodridge v. Commonwealth

What did expansionists call the mission to expand the United States' territory?

*Manifest destiny* American Plan Morning in America

Following the Compromise of 1850, which territories enjoyed the largest senatorial representation?

*None of them* Oregon, Minnesota, and the unorganized expanse between the two Indian Territory Utah and New Mexico

How did the Mexican government attract American settlers in the 1820s?

*Offering large land grants to empresarios who recruited American settlers* Allowing settlers to sell slaves at the border to raise capital to buy land Clearing Indian settlements to make way for plantations

Despite receiving nearly 800,000 fewer popular votes, the _________________ candidate secured more than three times as many electoral votes as the __________________ candidate did.

-Constitutional Unionist -Northern Democratic

*Support the Dark-Horse Candidate* You have an important duty as a delegate to the Democratic Party convention of 1844. A number of annexations have vowed to block the candidacy of _______________________________, the senator from New York who opposed President Tyler's attempt to annex Texas. Although the New York senator promises to abide by whatever decision Congress makes on the annexation issue, he does not seem able to win the nomination. Thus, we urge you to cast your ballot for_________________, who_______________________. Consider your selection of candidates carefully!

-Martin Van Buren -James K. Polk -supports immediate annexation

America's population increased at an amazing rate between 1815 and 1860, the result of both a high birthrate and the arrival of five million immigrants. Three-fourths of foreign-born Americans in 1860 hailed from either Ireland or Germany, and their arrival forever altered the nation's population and politics. Demonstrate your understanding of early- to mid-nineteenth-century immigration by completing the following table. Select all of the characteristics that are true of *GERMANS* who arrived in America between 1815 and 1860. Select all the characteristics that apply, and leave those that do not apply blank.

-Were mostly farmers but included professionals and tradespeople -Included a small number of political refugees known as "Forty-Eighters"

Approximately how many migrants settled in Oregon via the overland route between 1840 and 1848?

22,300 *11,500* 2,700

How many representatives did California contribute to the national total upon becoming a state in 1850?

32 *2* 141 90

From your knowledge of the outcome of the election, select the candidate from the dropdown menu who corresponds to the color in the legend. Then, answer the subsequent questions to further demonstrate your knowledge of this pivotal political event. A) B) C) D)

A) Abraham Lincoln B) Stephen A. Douglas C) John C. Breckinridge D) John Bell

The following tables contain some of the provisions of the Compromise of 1850 and the names of those who shaped them. For each provision, decide whether it favored the North or the South. For each name, decide whether each was inclined toward or against the proposed compromise. A) Texas receives $10 million for ceded territory B) Slave trade outlawed in the District of Columbia C) Daniel Webster D) John C. Calhoun

A) South B) North C) Pro-Compromise C) Anti-Compromise

What did President John Tyler pursue in an attempt to win the election of 1844?

Elimination of import tariffs on foreign manufactured goods Purchase of the Alaska territory *Annexation of Texas*

True or False: The Irish forged a close political alliance with free blacks because both groups entered the workforce at the bottom.

False

Which of the following was characteristic of German immigration to the United States?

German immigrants were primarily single males who worked in factories. German immigrants tended to be poor and Catholic. *German immigrants came from a wide variety of social classes and occupations.*

What happened to California's population between 1848 and 1852?

It increased from 30,500 to 220,000 It held steady at 320,000 *It increased from approximately 15,000 to almost 250,000*

Which of the following characterized the vote in the election of 1844?

John Tyler was reelected with a majority of electoral votes, but lost the popular vote. *James K. Polk won with a large majority of electoral votes, but the popular vote margin was extremely narrow.* Henry Clay won after a tie in the Electoral College sent the election to the House of Representatives.

Which state led the charge of secession immediately following the election of 1860?

Kentucky Virginia Tennessee *South Carolina*

What did the Mexican government claim was the southern boundary of Texas?

Mississippi River Rio Grande *Nueces River*

What territories were ceded to the United States in the Treaty of Guadelupe Hidalgo?

Oregon, Montana, and Wyoming Texas, Louisiana, and Florida *Texas, California, and New Mexico*

How did immigrants to California and Oregon respond to the challenge of the overland trek to the West?

Vaccinating for dysentery and cholera *Close cooperation in wagon trains* Hiring Indian guides through the plains

Why did 1.8 million Irish migrate to the United States between 1845 and 1855?

To avoid military conscription *To escape famine* To escape religious persecution

Which eighteenth-century historical event could Southerners point to that most closely resembled the secession crisis of 1860-1861?

The bloody aftermath of Charles Sumner's reading of the speech "The Crime Against Kansas" The aftermath of the Dred Scott decision handed down by the Taney Court The economic turmoil endured during the panic of 1837 *The secession of the thirteen American colonies from the British Empire*