HIST 224 Chapter 24

One reason for the hysterical witch-hunts of the sixteenth century was that

the conflicts of the Reformation contributed to a climate of suspicion and violence

The Peace of Westphalia, which ended of the Thirty Years' War, ensured that

-Germany remained fragmented. -the nations of Europe would no longer go to war over religion. Incorrect Response -each nation was permitted to direct its own internal affairs. -the balance of power was the new principle of European diplomacy.

Richelieu and his absolutist theory heir, Louis XIV, managed to control the nobles of France and their activities by

-crushing the most powerful nobles in a civil war early in his reign. -heavily taxing the nobles' estates so they could no longer fund private armies. -requiring the nobility to live at Versailles where he could distract them and keep an eye on them. -appointing hundreds of new nobles from the merchant class, who were loyal to him.

Martin Luther's work had an enthusiastic popular support because

-he attacked the sale of indulgences that the poor could not afford. -many Christians shared his concern about the corruption of the Church. -many German princes saw this as a way to break away from the Church. -he supported the translation of the Bible from Latin into the vernacular languages.

In response to the challenges raised by the Protestant Reformation, the Catholic Church

-launched a military campaign against the German states. -abandoned its monasteries in Germany. -abandoned the practice of selling indulgences. -summoned a council to clarify doctrine and strengthen their spiritual commitment.

John Calvin's contribution to the furthering of the Protestant Reformation came from

Codifying Protestantism into a coherent and organized manner

T/F: In contrast to modern stereotypes, nearly half of all accused witches were men.

False

Which individual is incorrectly paired with a scientific discovery?

Ptolemy and the moons of Jupiter

Match the two kingdoms involved in the Spanish Armada

Spain v. England

The Thirty Years' War began when

The Holy Roman Emperor tried to force his Bohemian subjects to return to Catholicism

Which of the following is not considered to be part of the Catholic Reformation

The Institutes of the Christian Religion