HIST B17B Chapter 27 Quiz

Truman fired MacArthur: for incompetence because of party politics for insubordination for reasons that are still unknown because he never liked him personally

for insubordination

In retrospect, the Cold War was probably: the fault of the United States the fault of the Soviet Union avoidable under smarter leaders inevitable the most damaging conflict in world history

inevitable

The Soviet acquisition of the atomic bomb in 1949 inspired Truman to: arrange a summit conference with Stalin order the resumption of the military draft order the development of a hydrogen bomb see the folly of the nuclear arms race arm American submarines with nuclear missiles

order the development of a hydrogen bomb

State Department official George Kennan: predicted that the wartime alliance between the United States and the Soviets would continue said the United States should abandon Europe and focus on the defense of the Western Hemisphere said the United States should contain Soviet expansionist tendencies urged the use of military force to liberate Eastern Europe said the United States should be willing to bomb the Russians

said the United States should contain Soviet expansionist tendencies

All of the following were established by the National Security Act of 1947 EXCEPT: the Central Intelligence Agency the Department of Defense the National Security Council the Department of Homeland Security the Joint Chiefs of Staff

the Department of Homeland Security

The person who lost the most from the outcome of the Hiss-Chambers case was: Richard Nixon Alger Hiss Whittaker Chambers Harry Truman Douglas MacArthur

Alger Hiss

As the 1948 election approached: Truman seemed to be in deep political trouble Democrats were strongly united relations with the Soviets were clearly improving Truman seemed reluctant to run for reelection the economy slid into a recession

Truman seemed to be in deep political trouble

The Korean War did all of the following EXCEPT: last into Eisenhower's presidency result in more than 2 million total casualties bring about major changes in boundaries increase fears of domestic Communist subversion leave one part of Korea still Communist

bring about major changes in boundaries

Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council: now include Germany and Japan meet every two years do not participate in the General Assembly periodically rotate so that new countries participate can veto any major proposal

can veto any major proposal

In the 1948 campaign, the Dixiecrats did all of the following EXCEPT: carry several southern states support Strom Thurmond for president support states' rights and segregation wave Confederate flags influence Truman to slow down on civil rights

influence Truman to slow down on civil rights

Baseball was integrated in 1947 when Jackie Robinson played for the: New York Yankees Boston Red Sox Chicago Cubs St. Louis Cardinals Brooklyn Dodgers

Brooklyn Dodgers

The United States experienced a shock in 1949 when Communists took over: China Korea Taiwan Vietnam Cuba

China

By the spring of 1945, the United States and Britain were becoming deeply concerned over Soviet actions in: East Asia the Middle East Latin America Western Europe Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe

The secretary of state who devised the plan of massive economic recovery aid to Europe was: Dean Acheson George Marshall James F. Byrnes George Kennan Averell Harriman

George Marshall

As a result of the Truman Doctrine: Greece and Turkey were less vulnerable to communism Yugoslavia went Communist the United Nations carried out its first military intervention U.S.-Soviet relations improved Truman became less concerned about the Soviet threat

Greece and Turkey were less vulnerable to communism

The 1946 congressional elections resulted in: Republican control of Congress the end of the New Deal a public vote of confidence in Truman a decline in partisan divisions Truman's adoption of cold war policies

Republican control of Congress

The conventional, or "orthodox," view of cold war history holds whom or what most responsible for beginning this conflict? Truman and his aggressive policies American economic imperialism Stalin's quest for world domination mistakes and overreactions by both the United States and the Soviet Union the collapse of British and French power at the end of World War II

Stalin's quest for world domination

The second-place finisher in the 1948 election was: Strom Thurmond Thomas Dewey Henry Wallace Harry Truman George Marshall

Thomas Dewey

UN forces reaching the Yalu River brought about: a massive Chinese intervention North Korea's surrender the bombing of mainland China a cease-fire followed by peace negotiations Korea's current division along the 42nd parallel

a massive Chinese intervention

During the 1948 presidential campaign, Truman endorsed all of the following EXCEPT: black civil rights national health insurance a higher minimum wage abolishing Social Security federal aid to education

abolishing Social Security

At the 1948 Democratic convention, Minneapolis mayor Hubert Humphrey urged his party to: deny Truman renomination take better care of veterans adopt a strong civil rights plank get tougher on the Russians make him the vice-presidential nominee

adopt a strong civil rights plank

The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947: helped unions gain strength in the South allowed the president to impose a "cooling-off" period during major strikes was supported by President Truman due to his difficulties with organized labor abolished the National Labor Relations Board outlawed the passage of so-called right-to-work laws by the states

allowed the president to impose a "cooling-off" period during major strikes

With the end of World War II, Korea: was invaded by the Soviets was left under the control of Japan was under joint American and British occupation quickly emerged as a regional power became divided into northern and southern halves

became divided into northern and southern halves

In regard to Israel's founding in 1948, the United States: supported its Arab neighbors opposed the British departure from Palestine became the first country to recognize the Jewish state took no official stance sent troops there to maintain peace in the Middle East

became the first country to recognize the Jewish state

One of Truman's great strengths as he assumed the presidency was his: tremendous personal charisma and oratorical ability elite upbringing and connection willingness to work with Republicans years of experience as vice president confidence and self-assuredness

confidence and self-assuredness

All of the following are true of Harry Truman EXCEPT that he: had been shaped politically by the Kansas City Democratic machine had an Ivy League education personally suffered by contrast to Franklin Roosevelt when he became president was an artillery officer in World War I was a failed businessman after World War I

had an Ivy League education

A major economic problem President Truman faced immediately after the war was: the weakness of organized labor declining birthrates that lowered consumer demand high rates of inflation the return of high unemployment food shortages

high rates of inflation

Truman viewed his victory as a mandate for: socialism bipartisanship the status quo moderate liberalism thoughtful conservatism

moderate liberalism

The GI Bill did all of the following EXCEPT: provide educational benefits for veterans provide housing loans for veterans help prevent a postwar depression pay veterans large bonuses to remain in the military provide medical treatment for veterans

pay veterans large bonuses to remain in the military

One major reason that World War II inspired postwar changes in race relations was the: end it brought to the Depression racist nature of the enemies of the United States number of northerners it inspired to move to the South lessons in equality American soldiers learned from Europeans greater number of people receiving higher education

racist nature of the enemies of the United States

The Hiss-Chambers case: involved charges of atomic espionage brought Senator Joseph McCarthy to national prominence involved a homosexual scandal in the State Department resulted in Hiss's being convicted of lying about espionage resulted in a lengthy prison term for Chambers

resulted in Hiss's being convicted of lying about espionage

When confronted with strikes in the coal and railroad industries in 1946, President Truman's response was to: declare martial law temporarily seize those industries say government had no role in labor-management disputes break the strikes with unemployed veterans freeze transportation and energy prices

temporarily seize those industries

When North Korea attacked South Korea, Truman concluded: it was grounds to start World War III it was a good excuse to attack Communist China that Stalin and the Soviets were behind it that South Korea could not be saved that he should bypass the United Nations

that Stalin and the Soviets were behind it

Who tagged Truman "the No. 1 Strikebreaker"? the Council of Economic Advisers Congress the Congress of Industrial Organizations the American Federation of Labor Harry Wallace

the Congress of Industrial Organizations

In his Wheeling speech, Senator Joseph McCarthy claimed to have a list of Communists in: the White House the State Department the FBI Congress the movie industry

the State Department

When North Korean Communists invaded South Korea: South Korean forces initially repulsed the invaders the United Nations authorized military intervention against the aggressors Truman persuaded Congress to declare war on North Korea Stalin told the North Koreans to stop their aggression the Soviets used their Security Council veto to prevent United Nations action

the United Nations authorized military intervention against the aggressors

In 1947, President Truman took actions to banish Communists from: teaching the federal government the military Hollywood unions

the federal government

In 1948, President Truman desegregated: public schools defense industries Washington, D. C. public transportation the military

the military

By and large, Truman's Fair Deal proposals: would revolutionize American life were enacted would wipe out the New Deal disappointed most Democrats were thwarted by a conservative coalition in Congress

were thwarted by a conservative coalition in Congress

Inch'n was the site: where Chinese forces overran UN positions where UN forces were able to establish a perimeter in far-south South Korea of North Korea's capital where General MacArthur turned the war around with an amphibious landing where peace negotiations dragged on for two years

where General MacArthur turned the war around with an amphibious landing

On the domestic front, President Truman soon made clear his intention to: enlarge the New Deal end the Depression balance the budget cut taxes dramatically reduce government spending

enlarge the New Deal

Senator McCarthy was very effective in: passing major legislation nabbing actual Communists gathering proof to back his accusations protecting American freedoms exploiting public fears

exploiting public fears

Who was famous for arguing that there were "so many Communists in America"? Joseph McCarthy Harry Truman Richard Nixon Joseph Stalin Tom Clark

Tom Clark

President Truman vetoed the McCarran Internal Security Act: to shore up his popularity ratings to protect some Communist friends because a Republican Congress had passed it because he felt it promoted thought control because he knew there were no Communist spies in the United States

because he felt it promoted thought control

Truman's response to the Soviet blockade of West Berlin in 1948 was to: divide the rest of Germany into occupation zones mass American troops on the Soviet border get the United Nations to officially protest launch a massive airlift of supplies into West Berlin meet with Stalin to diplomatically resolve the crisis

launch a massive airlift of supplies into West Berlin

All of the following were original NATO members EXCEPT: Japan Canada the United States Britain France

Japan

The 1948 election is probably best remembered for: Truman's upset victory Dewey's energetic campaign the new use of polls and television the racism of the Dixiecrats the poor showing of Henry Wallace

Truman's upset victory

Soviet and Communist activities in regard to Turkey and Greece were intended to: provoke a war with the Americans and the British gain the rich natural resources of those countries inspire Russian patriotic feeling gain the Soviets access to the Mediterranean free those countries from dictatorships

gain the Soviets access to the Mediterranean

In the Truman years, the United States abandoned a longtime tradition with its involvement in: undeclared wars spying cracking down on dissenters other parts of the world peacetime alliances

peacetime alliances

The Yalta pledges of democratic elections in Eastern Europe: proved to be meaningless were postponed for two years after the end of the war were fully backed by American military power were honored by Stalin were not in the national interests of the United States

proved to be meaningless