HIST146 COMBINED 1

Which of these events moved President Wilson, and America, toward entering World War I?

the sinking of the RMS Lusitania the Zimmermann Telegram

Maryland was similar to Virginia in that:

tobacco proved crucial to its economy and society.

Anti-Federalists were concerned that the Constitution severely limited liberty.

true

The New Jersey Plan proposed a single-house legislature, which gave each state one vote.

true

In New Netherland, the Dutch were intolerant of diverse religious practices and issued an edict that all had to convert to the Dutch Reformed Church.

False

English settlers in New York demanded their rights over their former Dutch rulers through the Charter of Liberties.

True

Owen promoted communitarianism so that workers received the full value of their labor. T/F

True

Parliament enacted a bill of rights on the completion of the Glorious Revolution.

True

Paternalism both masked and justified the brutal reality of slavery. T/F

True

Paul Revere created an engraving that distorted the Boston Massacre.

True

Recent scholarship has suggested that Olaudah Equiano may have been born in the New World rather than in Africa.

True

Three distinct types of slavery developed in the thirteen colonies.

True

The 1741 panic in New York City that led to thirty-four executions was sparked by:

a series of fires.

To Quakers, liberty was:

a universal entitlement.

How did America's use of the Espionage and Sedition Acts infringe on the rights of the people?

Freedom of speech was temporarily suspended. They began a witch hunt to find those who were "un-American."

The stock market crash of October 1929 itself did not create the Great Depression. There were other indicators that the economy was in serious trouble. Which were long-term indicators of serious trouble prior to October 1929?

Frenzied real estate speculation in Florida and California had come to a stop. There was stagnation in nre autimobile sales and household consumer goods after 1926.

Father Junípero Serra established the first mission in California and converted many Indians to Christianity, but his missions also relied on forced Indian labor and brought devastating diseases.

True

German immigrants greatly enhanced the ethnic and religious diversity of Britain's colonies.

True

In 1954, after the French surrendered at Dien Bien Phu to the Vietnamese forces of Ho Chi Minh, the United States' ever-increasing military involvement in Indochina went even further. With the Geneva Accords, the United States decided to side with the South Vietnamese dictator, Ngo Dinh Diem, below the Seventeenth Parallel. T or F?

True

In the U.S. Constitution, the fugitive slave clause kept the condition of bondage for a slave even if he or she escaped to a free state.

True

In the eighteenth century, efforts began to stop emigration from England, except that convicts were still sent to bolster the Chesapeake labor force.

True

In today's United States, the Federal Reserve determines the amount of paper money to be issued. T/F

True

Inspired by tales of golden cities, the Spanish mounted explorations of the present-day Southwest in the United States.

True

Institutions like jails, mental hospitals, and public schools were inspired by the conviction that those who passed through their doors could eventually be released to become productive, self-disciplined citizens. T/F

True

James Madison argued in The Federalist that the large size and diversity of the United States was a source of political stability, not a weakness.

True

Jefferson's interest in the Louisiana Territory was because he wished to have permanent access to the port of New Orleans.

True

John Adams's acceptance of defeat in 1800 established the vital precedent of a peaceful transfer of power from a defeated party to its successor.

True

John Jacob Astor was seen as an example of the "self-made man." T/F

True

John Locke believed that slaves could not be considered part of civil society

True

John O'Sullivan coined the term "manifest destiny" to describe America's divinely appointed mission to settle all of North America. T/F

True

Like the Spanish, the French often intermarried with the Indians, resulting in mixed race children.

True

Like the Spanish, the French often intermarried with the Indians, resulting in mixed-race children.

True

Many perceived Pennsylvania to be "the best poor man's country."

True

Martin Van Buren believed that party politics was an important component in ensuring liberty for the American people. T/F

True

Peninsulares stood atop the social hierarchy in Spanish America.

True

Pontiac's Rebellion was an Indian revolt against British rule.

True

Poor communication between generals contributed to the British defeat at the Battle of Saratoga.

True

Portuguese seafarers initially hoped to locate African gold.

True

Race and racism are modern concepts and had not been fully developed by the seventeenth century.

True

Remaining loyal to the Union was a dangerous stance in the Confederate South, as Georgia in 1861 passed a law making this act punishable by death. T/F

True

Republican influence in big business and their party's domination of government resulted in a close relationship between big business and the Republian Party.

True

Shays's Rebellion demonstrated to many leading Americans the need for a more central government to ensure private liberty.

True

Siding with the British offered slaves far more opportunities for liberty than did siding with the pro-independence Americans.

True

Slaves frequently named children after other family members to retain family continuity. T/F

True

Slaves had a few legal rights, but they were not well enforced. T/F

True

Slaves working in the fields generally viewed the overseer as a cruel and heartless man. T/F

True

So adamant was he about separating church and state that James Madison opposed the appointment of chaplains to serve Congress and the military.

True

Some colonial towns would "warn out" victims of poverty, meaning these poor people were expelled from the town.

True

Some slaves actually used trains to escape to freedom in the North. T/F

True

Spain insisted that the primary goal of colonization was to save the Indians from heathenism.

True

Supporters of nullification claimed that the federal government was overstepping its rights and infringing on states' rights. T/F

True

The Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) was created in 1935 to organize workers by industry rather than by craft, which was the American Federation of Labor's (AFL) traditional policy. T or F?

True

The Emancipation Proclamation represented a turning point in Lincoln's own thinking. T/F

True

The English editor W. T. Stead accurately predicted in 1902 that the United States would increasingly get involved in the affairs of other countries in order to strengthen its influence—both cultural and political—around the globe.

True

The English increasingly viewed America as a land where a man could control his own labor and thus gain independence.

True

The Free Soil idea in the West appealed to racist northerners who worried about competing against black laborers. T/F

True

The French writer Alexis de Tocqueville identified democracy as an essential attribute of American freedom. T/F

True

The Fugitive Slave Act provided for the return of runaway slaves to their owners. T/F

True

The Independent Treasury completely separated the federal government from the nation's banking system. T/F

True

The Indians entered into the Walking Purchase in good faith, but they were taken advantage of by the Pennsylvania governor.

True

The Indians of North America believed that land was a common resource and the basis of economic life.

True

The Indians, although diverse, all seemed to observe religious ceremonies centered around hunting or farming.

True

The Jacobin clubs of Paris were an inspiration for the Democratic- Republican societies.

True

The Jacobin clubs of Paris were an inspiration for the Democratic-Republican societies.

True

What sparked the rapid growth of Chicago from a small settlement in 1830 to America's fourth largest city by 1860?

Railroads connected Chicago to numerous eastern marketplaces

In March 1867, Congress began Radical Reconstruction by adopting the ________, which created new state governments and provided for black male suffrage in the South.

Reconstruction Act

Most southern white "ladies" were:

Relatively isolated from people outside their own families

In seventeenth-century England, the main lines of division focused on:

Religion.

What inspired Noyes's idea of achieving perfection?

Religious Revivals

Which problem with cotton did Eli Whitney solve by inventing the cotton gin?

Removing seeds from the cotton was a slow and painstaking task, but Whitney made it much easier and less labor-intensive.

The Southern concept of honor:

Resulted in the adoption of elaborate code of chivalry

What crop culture generally used the "task system" of assigning slave labor?

Rice

Which non-cotton crop would most likely be grown in the coastal South — South Carolina, Georgia, and parts of Florida?

Rice

What was the most important piece of technology during the Civil War?

Rifle

By the 1790s, the phrase "we the people" had come to mean what?

Rights were increasing for white Americans.

The era of the New Deal as a far-reaching social reform was coming to an end by 1941. Why did southern Democrats turn on Roosevelt?

Roosevelt encouraged the election of more liberal politicians in the region in 1938. The "Report on the Economic Conditions in the South" revealed that the South lagged behind the rest of the nation in industrialization, health, and education.

The Long Telegram was George Kennan's recommendation that the United States pursue a new foreign policy dubbed "containment," which would allow the Soviet Union to maintain its sphere of influence but would not allow further expansion. T or F?

True

The Mexican War was the first American conflict to be fought primarily on foreign soil. T/F

True

The Second Great Awakening both took advantage of the market revolution and criticized its excesses. T/F

True

The Shakers believed God had a dual personality, both male and female. T/F

True

The Texas independence movement was sparked in part because the Mexican government, alarmed that its grip on the area was weakening, annulled existing land contracts and barred future emigration from the United States in 1830. T/F

True

The Twelfth Amendment required electors to cast separate votes for president and vice president.

True

The U.S. Constitution as written in 1787 does not use the words "slave" or "slavery."

True

The Virginia and Kentucky resolutions resulted from opposition to the Alien and Sedition Acts.

True

The War of Independence weakened the deep tradition of American anti-Catholicism.

True

The Zuni, Hopi, and their earlier ancestors were dependent on canals and irrigation for farming.

True

The aftermath of the War of 1812 confirmed the ability of a republican government to conduct a war without surrendering its institutions.

True

The catalyst for the market revolution was a series of innovations in transportation and communication. T/F

True

The catastrophic decline in the native populations of Spanish America was mostly due to the fact that they were not immune to European diseases.

True

The development of railroads and economic integration of the Northeast and Northwest created the groundwork for the political unification of the Republican Party. T/F

True

The free labor ideology was based on the assumption that free labor could not compete with slave labor and so slavery's expansion had to be halted to ensure freedom for the white laborer. T/F

True

The freedom William Penn valued the most dealt with the right to worship freely.

True

The fugitive slave clause in the Constitution was ambiguous.

True

During World War I, the U.S. government intervened in the economy to spur efficient war production and to maintain the flow of war materials to British and American troops in Europe.

True

During the 1928 election, a Protestant backlash in the South due to anti-Catholicism led several southern states to vote Republican for the first time ever, helping to propel Hoover to the presidency.

True

During the 1928 election, a Protestant backlash in the South due to anti-Catholicism led several southern states to vote Republican for the first time ever, helping to propel Hoover to the presidency. T or F?

True

During the American Revolutionary period, slavery for the first time became a focus of public debate.

True

During the Pueblo Revolt, the Indians destroyed symbols of Catholic culture, like crosses and statues of the Virgin Mary.

True

Early settlers of Jamestown preferred gold to farming.

True

The idea of the United States as a refuge for those seeking economic opportunity or as an escape from oppression has always coexisted with suspicion of and hostility to foreign newcomers. T/F

True

The internal slave trade was a key component in supporting the cotton kingdom. T/F

True

The irony that America cried for liberty while enslaving Africans was not lost on some British observers like Dr. Samuel Johnson.

True

The issue of Texas annexation was hotly linked to slavery and affected the nominations of presidential candidates in the 1840s. T/F

True

The law of slavery in English North America became far more repressive than in the Spanish empire.

True

The market revolution produced a new middle class. T/F

True

The men who led the Revolution from start to finish were, by and large, members of the American elite.

True

The men who served in the Revolution through militias were empowered and demanded certain rights, thereby establishing the tradition that service in the army enabled excluded groups to stake a claim to full citizenship.

True

The middle ranks of colonial America were those who lived between extreme wealth and poverty.

True

The party battles of the Jacksonian era reflected the clash between public and private definitions of American freedom and their relationship to government power. T/F

True

The religious revivals of the early nineteenth century were originally organized by established religious leaders alarmed by the low levels of church attendance in the young republic. T/F

True

The work of farmers' wives and daughters often spelled the difference between a family's self-sufficiency and poverty.

True

Thomas Jefferson believed Indians could be the equal of whites if they abandoned their communal ideas of land ownership.

True

To members of the North's emerging middle-class culture, reform became a badge of respectability. T/F

True

To resist the Intolerable Acts, a Continental Congress convened in Philadelphia.

True

To satisfy the need for slave labor in the Cotton Kingdom, an estimated 1 million slaves were relocated to the Deep South from the older slave states between 1800 and 1860. T/F

True

True or False: Alexander Hamilton was the first secretary of the treasury.

True

True or False: By the early 1800s, some members of the Creek and Cherokee tribes were living like white Americans as traders and slaveholders.

True

True or False: Free trade and sailors' rights were two issues that drew the United States into the War of 1812.

True

True or False: Jay's Treaty effectively destroyed the American alliance with France.

True

True or False: Jefferson was interested in the Louisiana Territory because he wanted to secure permanent access to the port of New Orleans.

True

True or False: Most of the public government buildings constructed around 1800 in Washington, D.C., were built using slave labor.

True

True or False: Newspapers and pamphlets were a primary vehicle for political debate in the early republic.

True

True or False: Slave artisans played a prominent role in Gabriel's Rebellion.

True

True or False: Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa tried to revive a pan-Indian movement and unite against the white man.

True

True or False: The Twelfth Amendment required electors to cast separate votes for president and vice president.

True

True or False: The Whiskey Rebellion of 1794 proved to Federalists that democracy in the hands of the ordinary citizenry was dangerous.

True

True or False: The aftermath of the War of 1812 confirmed the ability of a republican government to conduct a war without surrendering its institutions.

True

Two of the original thirteen states initially refused to ratify the Constitution, but ultimately they did ratify it.

True

Unlike in Brazil or the West Indies, there was little room for a mulatto group in the United States. T/F

True

Until New Jersey added the word "male" to its constitutional definition of a voter in 1807, some of the state's women enjoyed suffrage rights.

True

Voter turnout declined as American citizens started to focus more on private issues, including leisure and the consumption of consumer goods, rather than public issues such as politics. T or F?

True

Voter turnout declined as American citizens started to focus more on private issues, including lesisure and the consumption of consumer foods, rather than public issues such as politics.

True

When not in the field, slaves observed more traditional gender roles. T/F

True

Whigs believed that the federal government was responsible for promoting the welfare of the people and securing liberty. T/F

True

With his abolitionist writings, David Walker employed both secular and religious language. T/F

True

Women did factory jobs and nursing during the war. T/F

True

With the Union victory at Glorieta Pass, the Confederate attempt at extending slavery west of Texas ended. T/F

True.

In Pennsylvania, new leaders like Thomas Paine and Benjamin Rush wanted to see what occur with regard to voting rights?

Voting requirements needed to eliminate property qualifications.

If Thomas Jefferson lived in the seventeenth century, what would he have feared most?

Wars and corruption caused by organized religion.

In the first half of the nineteenth century, the United States gained the most territory through:

Wars with Mexico

During Reconstruction, the role of the church in the black community:

Was central, as African-Americans formed their own churches.

Ultimately, what led to the colonies' victory in the American Revolution?

Washington's ability to keep an army together.

During the Cold War hysteria that gripped American society in the 1950s, what were communist sympathizers prohibited from doing based on certain individual state statutes?

fishing becoming professional wrestlers teaching

By 1860, free black men could vote on the same basis as whites only in:

five New England states.

Identify the accomplishments of the following African-Americans.

founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association, a movement for African independence and black self-reliance Correct label: Marcus Garvey wrote The Souls of Black Folk (1903) in which he explored the meaning of being black in America Correct label: W. E. B. Du Bois editor of the Boston Guardian and founder of the all-black National Equal Rights League Correct label: William Monroe Trotter

The Force Act of 1833:

gave the president authority to use military personnel to collect tariffs.

The three-fifths clause in the U.S. Constitution:

gave the white South greater power in national affairs than the size of its free population warranted.

Fugitive Slaves

generally understood that the North Star led to freedom

Fugitive slaves:

generally understood that the North Star led to freedom.

fugitive slaves

generally understood that the north star led to freedom

Southern farmers in the backcountry:

generally worked the land using family labor

Southern farmers in the backcountry?

generally worked the land using family labor.

Henry David Thoreau believed that:

genuine freedom lay within the individual.

The American Version of the Enlightenment:

had no impact on religion

The 1920s were a time of great economic change in the United States. Identify the areas of the American economy that were in decline even before the 1929 stock market crash.

manufacturing agriculture

which statement about nat turner's rebellion is true

many southern whites were in a panic after the rebellion

which statement about nat turners rebellion is true?

many southern whites were in a panic after the rebellion

Patroonship in New Netherland:

meant that shareholders received large estates for transporting tenants for agricultural labor.

Property qualifications for holding office:

meant that the landed gentry wielded considerable power in colonial legislatures.

Similar to the situation for homosexuals during the 1950s, so-called psychological experts deemed feminism a -, and it was widely - by advertisers and authors. These psychologists went so far as to insist that while individual women might desire to -, their - was caused by a failure to accept the -.

mental disorder, dismissed desire to work for wages, unhappiness, "maternal instinct".

Ironically, the anti-modernist fundamentalists seized the modern technology of the radio to spread their messages through radio shows or outright ownership of broadcast stations. T or F?

true

James Madison argued in The Federalist that the large size and diversity of the United States was a source of political stability, not a weakness.

true

Shays's Rebellion demonstrated to many leading Americans the need for a more central government to ensure private liberty.

true

Shays's Rebellion demonstrated to many leading Americans the need for a more central government to ensure private liberty. (T/F)

true

So adamant was he about separating church and state, James Madison opposed the appointment of chaplains to serve Congress and the military.

true

The U.S. Constitution as written in 1787 does not use the words "slave" or "slavery."

true

Two of the original thirteen states initially refused to ratify the Constitution, but ultimately they did ratify it. (T/F)

true

While the American version of the welfare state created by the Social Security Act of 1935 was a radical departure from previous U.S. government policy, it was much more decentralized, covered fewer citizens, and was less well funded than that of its European counterparts. T or F?

true

t or f after nat turner's rebellion, the virginia legislature discussed ending slavery in that state

true

t or f by 1860, the economic investment represented by the slave population exceeded the value of the nation's factories, railroads,and banks combined

true

t or f unlike in brazil or the west indies, there was little room for a mulatto group in the united states

true

Native American religious ceremonies:

were related to the Native American belief that sacred spirits could be found in living and inanimate things.

The American Civil War began in April 1861, when:

Confederate forces fired upon and captured Fort Sumter.

Fundamentalist Christians strongly supported Prohibition as it greatly reduced the consumption of ------, public ------- and the related diseases to its abuse.

Alcohol, drunkenness

Zheng He's voyages sparked Chinese interest in directly trading with Europe.

False

Who was the last tribe to put up resistance on the battlefield in the Old Northwest?

Sauk

By the 1830s, it was illegal to teach a slave to read or write. T/F

True

Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa tried to revive a pan-Indian movement and unite against the white man.

True

The "Iron Curtain" was the figurative and symbolic partitioning of the "free" West from the communist East. T or F?

True

The African Methodist Episcopal Church allowed women to preach. T/F

True

The French played a significant role in the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown.

True

The Sons of Liberty enforced a boycott of British goods.

True

The Spanish reconquista required that all Muslims and Jews convert to Catholicism or leave Spain immediately.

True

The Wilmot Proviso never passed as a law. T/F

True

The Wade-Davis Bill in 1864:

showed Radical Republicans' frustration with Lincoln's Reconstruction plan.

Analysis of the key events of the "Era of Good Feelings" showed that:

single-party rule managed to erase sectional conflict.

which economic effect did southern slavery have on the north

southern slavery helped finance industrialization and internal improvements in the north

What helped spread knowledge and ideas in eighteenth century colonial cities?

start of more libraries

The New Laws of 1542:

stated that Indians would no longer be enslaved in Spanish possessions.

When looking at today's United States economically, whose visions and ideas seem to have become the most realized?

Alexander Hamilton's ideas on government subsidies for businesses.

What was NOT a disparaging term in general use to describe the poorest white southerners of the antebellum period? What WAS?

"Rednecks" "Sand Hillers;" "Crackers;" "Clay Eaters"

What does Wilson think is the greatest threat to freedom in the world? Select the quotation from the excerpt where he describes this danger.

"The menace to peace and freedom lies in the existence of autocratic governments backed by organized force which is controlled wholly by their will, not by the will of their people."

Which 1854 document called for the United States to seize Cuba?

B. The Ostend Manifesto.

Gabriel's Rebellion:

Demonstrated that the slaves were as aware of the idea of liberty as anyone else.

Guns made the West African slave kingdoms more powerful. What happened as a result?

Europeans rarely ventured into the interior of West Africa.

What does this map reveal about the interstate highway system?

Even-numbered highways generally run in an east-west direction. Odd-numbered highways generally run in a north-south direction. While the interstate system enabled extensive travel throughout the Northeast and South, travel was much more limited in the Southwest.

"Christian liberty" was the basis for religious toleration.

False

A member of the America First Committee would most likely agree with the sentiments of this cartoon.

False

Abolitionists agreed with the labor movement's argument that workers were subjugated to "wage slavery." T/F

False

Abraham Lincoln opposed increasing economic opportunities for free blacks. T/F

False

Abraham Lincoln realized that his armies had to capture the Confederate capital, Richmond, in order to win the war. T/F

False

Acre for acre, the Louisiana Purchase was not a bargain.

False

African society did not practice slavery before Europeans came.

False

Most states in the Union supported the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions.

False

Most states that entered the Union after the original thirteen required ownership of property to vote. T/F

False

Most white southern families owned at least one slave. T/F

False

National boundaries made westward expansion difficult as they erected a barrier to settlement. T/F

False

Nativism emerged as a major political movement in 1854 with the sudden appearance of the Liberty Party. T/F

False

On the rice plantations of South Carolina and Georgia, the birthrate of slaves was high.

False

Since President Madison believed that a constitutional amendment was necessary for the government to build roads and canals, the Twelfth Amendment was passed by Congress and ratified in 1816. T/F

False

Since Robert E. Lee's army did not retreat, the North could not claim Antietam as a victory. T/F

False

Slave traders tried hard to keep slave families together. T/F

False

Slavery did not affect northern merchants and manufacturers T/F

False

Slavery did not affect northern merchants and manufacturers. T/F

False

Slavery flourished in Brazil and the West Indies in the seventeenth century because of tobacco.

False

States called out militias to stop foreclosures on the homes of debtors.

False

Women enjoyed an expansion of democracy for themselves during the 1830s and 1840s, as they were welcomed into the public sphere. T/F

False

Women in the early Virginia colony consisted of about half the white population.

False

How did the market revolution affect western farming?

Farmers in the West found markets in the East for their crops and livestock.

Which statement is true about the difference between farming in the Old Northwest and the Northeast?

Farming was done on a much bigger scale in the Old Northwest.

Religious fundamentalism was on the rise throughout the world in the eighteenth century.

Fasle

Which of the following acts were designed by the Roosevelt administration to shore up the American finance system beyond the initial Emergency Banking Act?

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) Glass-Steagall Act

How does the decision in Meyer v. Nebraska expand the definition of liberty protected by the Fourteenth Amendment?

Federal courts needed to overturn laws throughout the country that were meant to restrict immigrants from practicing their religion or culture . The Court decided that the English language is not a test of United States citizenship nor can it be required.

The relationship between the national government and the states is called:

Federalism.

Who said that the language in the Declaration of Independence—that all men were created equal and entitled to liberty—was "the most false and dangerous of all political errors"?

John C. Calhoun

Why did Thomas Jefferson call the Election of 1800 the "Revolution of 1800"?

He was talking about freedom that secured America's independence.

Who wrote Exposition and Protest and emerged by the early 1830s as the most prominent spokesman for the right of nullification?

John C. Calhoun

During the secession winter of 1860-1861, who offered the most widely supported compromise plan in Congress, which allowed the westward extension of the Missouri Compromise line?

John Crittenden

The Republican presidential candidate in 1856 was:

John Frémont.

The antislavery poet John Greenleaf Whittier compared reformer Abby Kelley to:

Helen of Troy, who sowed the seeds of male destruction.

Which two political figures agreed to keep the issue of annexing Texas out of the 1844 presidential campaign if possible?

Henry Clay and Martin Van Buren.

Who wrote On Civil Disobedience as a response to the U.S. war with Mexico?

Henry David Thoreau.

Americans spent more and more of their income on leisure activities like vacations, movies, and sporting events. Where was the center of the film industry located?

Hollywood

What does this map reveal about the election of 1932?

Hoover had strong support only from states in the Northeast. Roosevelt won the election by a landslide.

What was the experience of Japanese Americans during World War II?

Japanese Americans in the West were interned in camps, which represented the biggest violation of civil liberties in America, second only to slavery. Japanese Americans in California lost their land to whites when they were forced into internment camps.

Which of the following led directly to the formation of an organized political party opposed to the Federalist Party?

Jay's treaty

In the Declaration of Independence, Jefferson's biggest influence with regard to natural rights came from?

John Locke

Who in Congress worked tirelessly to end the gag rule?

John Quincy Adams

Which Indian nation fought a war with the U.S. army from 1835 to 1842 to resist removal to the West?

Seminole

General William T. Sherman's Special Field Order 15:

Set aside the Sea Islands and forty-acre tracts of land in South Carolina and Georgia for black families.

What did paternalism reinforce?

Slaves need to be watched carefully

How did the Dutch lose New Netherland to England?

The Dutch saw New York as being on the periphery of its empire,so they didn't protect it.

The historical debate over the nature of plantation slavery demonstrates:

The extent to which historians are influenced by the times in which they write

Which of the following was true of the United States in 1797?

The two political parties were divided on the role of the government.

Identify the missions of the following unions and organizations.

This union was organized based on the craft of a worker, and not by the industry in which the worker worked. Correct label: American Federation of Labor (AFL) This organization wanted to secure "economic freedom and industrial democracy" for American workers. Correct label: Congress of Industrial Workers (CIO) This organization used the sit-down strike as an effective tactic to halt production and force negotiations. Correct label: United Auto Workers (UAW)

What is totalitarianism?

Totalitarianism is a government's attempt to obtain complete control of its citizens' private lives and decisions.

A day after a battle, many Americans were able to read about it in their daily newspaper. T/F

True

In eighteenth-century Chesapeake, race took on greater importance over time, and whites increasingly considered free blacks dangerous and undesirable.

True

In the northern colonies the law did not prohibit blacks from voting but local custom did.

True

Slave artisans played a prominent role in Gabriel's Rebellion.

True

Some contemporaries spoke of British America as a "rising empire" that would one day eclipse the mother country in population and wealth.

True

Some of the new Latin American nations allowed Indians and free blacks to vote. T/F

True

Some slaves actually used trains to escape to freedom in the North T/F

True

The property qualification for voting was hotly debated during the 1770s and 1780s.

True

The provision of the Union draft law allowing individuals to provide a substitute or buy their way out of the army caused widespread indignation. T/F

True

Pontiac's Rebellion:

although named for an Ottawa warrior, owed its origins as much to the teachings of a religious prophet.

What did labor leader A. Philip Randolph hope to accomplish with his March on Washington?

an antilynching law an end to segregation

"Separation of powers" refers to the relationship between the national government and the states.

false

American troops played a key role in the Battle of Berlin, cutting off German reinforcements from East Prussia.

false

In the Constitution, Native Americans were granted citizenship.

false

James Madison wrote and published the book Notes on the State of Virginia. (T/F)

false

Republican influence in big business and their party's domination of government resulted in a close relationship between big business and the Republican Party.

false

The 1920s was a decade of prosperity and explosive economic growth for the United States. The key driver of the decade's economic prosperity was the agricultural sector.

false

According to laws in the seventeenth-century Chesapeake:

free blacks had the right to sue and testify in court.

Identify the Four Freedoms articulated by President Roosevelt as a general Allied war aim.

freedom of speech freedom of worship freedom from want freedom from fear

The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850:

gave new powers to federal officers to override local law enforcement.

During the Revolutionary War, tensions between backcountry farmers and wealthy planters:

gave the British hope that they might be able to enlist the support of southern Loyalists.

"Hard money" in the 1830s referred to:

gold and silver, also called "specie."

The Quebec Act:

granted religious toleration to Catholics in Canada.

Republican motherhood encouraged:

greater educational opportunities for women.

The new state constitutions created during the Revolutionary War:

greatly expanded the right to vote in almost every state.

During the seventeenth century, indentured servants:

had a great deal of trouble acquiring land.

In the eighteenth century, the Spanish empire in North America:

rested economically on trading with and extracting labor from surviving Native Americans

According to New England Puritans, witchcraft:

resulted from pacts that women made with the devil to obtain supernatural powers or interfere with natural processes.

The California gold rush:

resulted in laws that discriminated against "foreign miners."

The treaty that ended the War of 1812:

resulted in the United States losing land to Canada.

Both Thomas Jefferson and John Quincy Adams suggested that the Missouri controversy of 1820-1821:

revealed a sectional divide that potentially threatened the Union.

What are civil liberties?

rights an individual may assert even against democratic majorities

Deists shared the ideas of eighteenth-century European Enlightenment thinkers, namely that:

science could uncover God's laws that governed the natural order.

Free blacks in the United States:

sometimes became wealthy enough to own slaves

The British Country Party:

sought to stop corruption in British politics

What economic effect did southern slavery have on the North?

southern slavery helped finance industrialization

The American railroad industry in the first half of the nineteenth century:

stimulated the coal mining industry.

The land involved in the Louisiana Purchase:

stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada and from the MS River to the Rocky Mountains

The U.S. Supreme Court's 1832 Worcester v. Georgia decision:

supported the right of the Cherokee people to maintain a separate political identity.

The expulsion of the journalist John Wilkes from his seat in Parliament:

symbolized the threat to liberty for many in both Britain and America.

The Virginia and Kentucky resolutions were a response to:

the Alien and Sedition Acts.

The practice of giving a political office to someone based on party loyalty is called:

the spoils system

the plantation masters had many means to maintain order among their slaves. according to the text, what was the most powerful weapon the plantation masters had?

the threat of sale

The Columbian Exchange was:

the transatlantic flow of plants, animals, and germs that began after Christopher Columbus reached the New World.

The controversy over the arrest of Anthony Burns in 1854 shows:

the unpopularity of the Fugitive Slave Act in parts of the North.

The term "Era of Good Feelings" refers to the period of American history when:

there seemed to be political harmony during the Monroe administration.

In regard to geography, English colonies:

were in colder climates than Spanish colonies.

The first French explorations of the New World:

were intended to locate the Northwest Passage.

In early seventeenth-century Massachusetts, freeman status was granted to adult males who:

were landowning church members.

In the northern colonies, slaves:

were relatively few in number and dispersed among the white population in small holdings.

Most of the states that joined the Union in the six years immediately following the War of 1812 were located:

west of the Appalachian Mountains.

Copperheads were:

what Republicans called northern opponents of the war.

When did Great Britain abolish slavery in its empire?

1830's

In what year did slavery officially end in the Western Hemisphere?

1888

Who lobbied for the United States to endorse the First Geneva Convention of 1864?

Clara Barton.

How did the market revolution change the way Americans conceived of time?

Clocks increasingly regulated the separation of work and leisure time.

In theater, film, and dance, the Popular Front vision of American society sank deep roots and survived much longer than the political moment from which it sprang. Identify the important cultural contributions to the Popular Front.

"Ballad for Americans" Mr. Deeds Goes to Town (1936) Mr. Smith Goes to Washington (1939)

Attitudes toward poverty in colonial America were much more progressive than in Britain.

False

Bacon's Rebellion was caused by a conflict between blacks and whites in Virginia.

False

How was Ulysses Grant received in Europe during his tour in the 1870s?

He was praised as a "Hero of Freedom."

The 1920s were a time of great economic change in the United States. Identify the professions that were in decline even before the 1929 stock market crash.

-manufacturing -farming -mining

historians estimate that approximately _______ slaves per year escaped to the north or canada

1000

Who would southern colonists have seen as the best candidate for serving as the town's judge?

A wealthy Planter

Common Sense sold 150,000 copies, making Thomas Paine wealthy.

False

In the 1650s, who pushed England toward a policy of expanding territory and commercialism?

Oliver Cromwell

Where did the first peoples to the Americas come from?

Asia

During the Mexican War:

C. For the first time, the U.S. troops occupied a foreign capital.

The slave codes of the southern states:

Contained rigid provisions but were unevenly enforced

What did Junípero Serra hope to do in California?

Convert Indians to Christianity and to settled farming

For an eighteenth-century middle-class colonial woman, what would have been the top priority in daily life?

Cooking the family meals.

Deists concluded that the best form of religious devotion was to devoutly worship in organized churches.

False

Denmark Vesey's 1822 slave rebellion resulted in the deaths of more than thirty whites in Charleston. T/F

False

Part of the philosophy of the Revolution was embracing the principle of hereditary aristocracy.

False

Pocahontas served as Lewis and Clark's interpreter.

False

During his debate with Abraham Lincoln in Freeport, Illinois, Stephen Douglas:

D. Insisted that popular sovereignty was compatible with the Dred Scott decision.

Which of the following is true of the soldiers who fought for American independence?

During the war's later years, the Continental army relied increasingly on young men with limited economic prospects.

In response to the critical economic situation created by the Great Depression, Herbert Hoover quickly and effectively passed the Smoot-Hawley Tariff, which helped to stabilize the American economy in 1930. T or F?

False

In spite of the revolutionary rhetoric of freedom, indentured servitude was still widely practiced in the northern states by 1800.

False

In the early eighteenth century, only one-quarter of the northern urban elite owned at least one slave.

False

Seeing the events as an extension of their own progress of liberty, white Americans supported the Haitian Revolution and the establishment of Haiti as an independent nation in 1804.

False

The Spanish aim was to exterminate or remove the Indians from the New World.

False

The U.S. military was well prepared for the War of 1812.

False

When Thomas Jefferson became president, he was not interested in dismantling the policies that the Federalists had established.

False

According to the "cavalier" image, southern planters were:

Genteel aristocrats

Where did mound-building tribes flourish?

In the Ohio River Valley.

The English Bill of Rights of 1689:

Listed parliamentary powers over such individual rights as trial by jury.

After the Civil War, many ex-slaves traveled throughout the South. What was the reality for these ex-slaves?

Many slaves were moving around in search of family members who had been sold.

Identify the World War I battle that involved the largest number of American soldiers.

Meuse-Argonne

The term "Californios" referred in the 1830s and 1840s to ________ in California.

Mexican cattle ranchers

Identify the statements that describe Mexican-Americans' experiences during the Depression.

Mexican-American politicians attempted to be classified as white in order to avoid suffering the same discrimination as African-Americans. Mexican-American citizens and Mexicans who recently arrived in the country were encouraged to return to Mexico.

Axis powers

Norway, Finland, and eastern Europe

In regard to voting for the states, what was a contentious issue?

Owning property.

Black adaptation to slavery:

Produced a rich and complex culture in support of racial pride and unity

The immigrant group that was primarily Presbyterian was:

Scott-Irish

Which of the following statements is about slavery and the law is true?

Slaves accused of serious crimes were entitled to their day in court, although they faced all-white judges and juries

Anti-Federalists were concerned that the Constitution severely limited liberty.

True

What occurred in 1848 in Europe?

There were revolutions against monarchies.

A consequence of Bacon's Rebellion was a consolidation of power among Virginia's elite.

True

Jamestown was originally settled only by men.

True

After an 1831 slave rebellion, which state's legislature debated, but did not approve, a plan for gradual emancipation of slaves in that state

Virginia

By the 1830s, the term "citizen" in America had become synonymous with the right to:

Vote

With regard to Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson's debates in the 1790s, what aspect of their differences in opinion can still be seen in today's United States?

Whether the Constitution should be interpreted strictly or loosely.

Unlike slavery in America, slavery in Africa: a. declined in importance during the 1600s. b. was more likely to be based in the household than on an agricultural plantation. c. led to much higher death rates. d. was entirely race-based. e. existed only for women.

b

What did English settlers in North America believe was the basis of liberty? a.literacy b.land c.the English Bill of Rights d.church membership e.a wage-paying job

b

The actions of the Pueblo Indians at Santa Fe in 1680 can best be described as:

being assertive.

In the 1780s, settlers in western areas such as Tennessee and Kentucky:

believed they had a right to take possession of western lands and use them as they saw fit.

The relationship between rich southern planters and poor southern farmers

benefited in part from a sense of unity bred by criticism from outsiders

Which of the following is NOT true of the Great Awakening? a. Its more subdued style of preaching appealed to a wider audience than the older, bombastic style employed by the Puritans. b. It was due in part to concerns among ministers that religious devotion was in decline due to economic growth. c. It involved several denominations, not just Congregationalists. d. It increased social tensions because ministers criticized certain aspects of colonial society such as commercialism and slavery. e. It was a transatlantic movement and not just an American one.

a. Its more subdued style of preaching appealed to a wider audience than the older, bombastic style employed by the Puritans.

The relationship between rich southern planters and poor southern farmers:

benefited in part from a sense of unity bred by criticism from outsiders.

The Puritans believed that male authority in the household was: a.an outdated idea. b.to be unquestioned. c.so absolute that a husband could order the murder of his wife. d.not supposed to resemble God's authority in any way, because that would be blasphemous. e.limited only by the number of children—the more, the better.

b

Which of the following is TRUE of warfare between colonists and Native Americans during the seventeenth century? a. colonists were surprised and disappointed by their inability to defeat the Indians easily b. Among the colonists, it generated a strong sense of superiority c. Treaties quickly ended each of the wars d. Native Americans actually had more sophisticated and dangerous weaponry than the English

b. Among the colonists, it generated a strong sense of superiority

How did John Locke reconcile his belief in natural rights and his support for slavery? a. He did not have to, because he opposed slavery. b. He believed that the free individual in liberal thought was the propertied white man. c. His belief in democracy meant that if a majority wanted to own slaves, they should be free to do so. d. He explicitly argued that Africans were not truly human and therefore possessed no natural right to liberty. e. He suggested that natural rights only applied to the English, not to other Europeans and certainly not Africans.

b. He believed that the free individual in liberal thought was the propertied white man.

Who drafted the Albany Plan of Union? a. George Washington b. Benjamin Franklin c. William Pitt d. John Peter Zenger e. Thomas Jefferson

b. Benjamin Franklin

Stephen Douglas's motivation for introducing the Kansas-Nebraska Act was to:

boost efforts to build a transcontinental railroad

The Second Bank of the United States was created:

by Congress in 1816, with the support of President Madison.

What did Neolin tell his people they must reject? a. a pan-Indian identity b. European technology and material goods c. the enslavement of Africans d. an alliance with the French e. the use of English in trade negotiations

b. European technology and material goods

In the economic exchanges between the English colonists and eastern Native Americans, a. the arrival of new English goods had no impact on how Indians lived b. Native Americans initially welcomed the colonists goods c. Native Americans sought to keep English goods from influencing their religious ceremonies d. Native Americans never became integrated into Atlantic economy

b. Native Americans initially welcomed the colonists goods

What does the omission of the word "slave" or "slavery" in the text of the original Constitution suggest about the founders? a. They wanted to end slavery as quickly as possible. b. They felt a reference to slavery tainted American ideals on liberty and equality. c. They did not want slaves to see any references to themselves. d. The institution of slavery was strictly an economic venture for them. e. They did not want the Constitution to allow slavery.

b. They felt a reference to slavery tainted American ideals on liberty and equality.

Who received most of the profits from trade between Native Americans and colonists? a.Native Americans b.British soldiers c.colonial and European merchants d.the king e.Parliament

c

During the eighteenth century, colonial assemblies: a. lost political power to colonial governors. b. remained purely advisory bodies to the royal governor. c. became more assertive. d. concentrated on the patronage system. e. rejected the theories of the English Country Party.

c. became more assertive.

Based on the Naturalization Act of 1790, who would have been allowed to become an American citizen? a. An African immigrant. b. A Chinese woman. c. A German immigrant. d. A person from India. e. A Native American Indian.

c. A German immigrant.

Who in the nineteenth century used the words "We the people" from the Constitution to claim that the southern states could not secede from the Union? a. Jefferson Davis. b. Andrew Jackson. c. Abraham Lincoln. d. George Washington. e. Daniel Webster.

c. Abraham Lincoln.

The ultimate goal for the English in gaining New Amsterdam and New Netherland from the Dutch was to:

control trade.

Which of the following people would have been the most likely supporter of the Articles of Confederation? a. An urban artisan. b. A merchant desiring access to British markets. c. An indebted farmer in western Massachusetts. d. A person who owned a bond issued by the Congress. e. A Continental army officer from the Revolutionary War.

c. An indebted farmer in western Massachusetts.

The role of a white middle-class woman in antebellum America was primarily to:

focus her energies on the home and children.

During the Mexican War:

for the first time, U.S. troops occupied a foreign capital.

Neolin, a Delaware Indian and religious prophet, helped inspire ____________ Rebellion in 1763. a. Bacon's b. the Stono c. Pontiac's d. the Yamasee e. Leisler's

c. Pontiac's

Why did Puritans decide to emigrate from England in the late 1620s and 1630s? a. so many of them had become separatists, they had to leave England to save their Church b. Charles I had started to support them, creating conflicts with Catholic nobles c. The Church of England was firing ministers and censoring their writings d. the Poor law of 1623 banned non-Catholics from receiving government aid

c. The Church of England was firing ministers and censoring their writings

Jefferson's Embargo Act:

caused economic depression within the United States

How did the end of the war begin to shape the postwar world? Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing the atomic bomb. The decision to drop the atomic bomb was very controversial at the time. Truman ultimately decided to employ it to end the war. Ultimately the bomb was responsible for a greater number of Japanese casualties than Americans suffered during the whole Pacific theater.

controversial, end the war, greater

The death of Elijah Lovejoy in 1837:

convinced many northerners that slavery was incompatible with white Americans' liberties.

in 19th century which product was the worlds most produced by slave labor?

cotton

in 19th century, what product was the worlds major crop produced by slave labor

cotton

It is estimated that between ____________ percent of adult white men could vote in eighteenth-century colonial British America. a. 5 and 10 b. 25 and 40 c. 33 and 50 d. 50 and 80 e. 75 and 90

d. 50 and 80

During the early years of the republic, African-Americans:

made up about 20 percent of the total population

Which on of the following lists these colonies in the proper chronological order by the dates they were founded, from the earliest to the latest a. Plymouth; Jamestown; Massachusetts Bay; Rhode Island b. Jamestown; Massachusetts Bay; Plymouth; Rhode Island c. Massachusetts Bay; Plymouth; Rhode Island; Jamestown d. Jamestown; Plymouth; Massachusetts Bay; Rhode Island

d. Jamestown; Plymouth; Massachusetts Bay; Rhode Island

The transcendentalist movement:

emphasized individual judgment, not tradition.

By 1840, the temperance movement in the United States had:

encouraged a substantial decrease in the consumption of alcohol.

Which of the following is true of how the U.S. government in the 1790s dealt with Native Americans? a. Because the Constitution counted all Indians toward representation in Congress, Indians received all rights and privileges that other Americans did. b. Because the Constitution stated that Indian tribes were "domestic dependent nations," the government treated them just as it treated nations like Great Britain and France. c. Henry Knox, the first secretary of war, pursued policies designed to exterminate Native Americans. d. The U.S. government made treaties with them mainly to transfer land to itself or to the states. e. No American leaders believed that Native Americans could assimilate into American society, so the government largely ignored Indians.

d. The U.S. government made treaties with them mainly to transfer land to itself or to the states.

When the Virginia Company gave control of Virginia colony to the King in 1624, a. It did so under pressure from the King, who was trying to consolidate his ownership of all colonies b. its white population had quintupled since settlement began in 1607 c. control over the colony rested entirely in royal hands, ending in the local control that had existed under the Virginia company d. Virginia became the first royal colony

d. Virginia became the first royal colony

The assumption among ordinary people that wealth, education, and social prominence carried with them a right to public office was called: a. liberalism. b. Lockeanism. c. Deism. d. deference. e. suffrage.

d. deference.

The French in North America: a. had a rapidly expanding empire, in large part because of the strong encouragement the French government gave to citizens wanting to move to the New World. b. made it a point to avoid competing with the British. c. won control of the Ohio Valley in the Seven Years' War. d. included a significant number of Nova Scotians who relocated to southern Louisiana, creating the group known as Cajuns. e. were notorious for their poor relations with Native Americans.

d. included a significant number of Nova Scotians who relocated to southern Louisiana, creating the group known as Cajuns.

The Stamp Act created such a stir in the colonies because: a. it raised prices on printed products so much that most colonists no longer could afford to buy books and newspapers. b. lawyers were offended that they could be jailed for not using the correct stamp on legal documents. c. it was the first direct tax Parliament imposed on the colonies. d. none of the revenue raised would be spent within the colonies themselves. e. Benjamin Franklin went public with his opposition to it.

e

For Native Americans along the Atlantic Coast, disease and:

environmental factors dramatically altered their way of life.

Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress was able to:

establish national control over land to the west of the thirteen states.

Samuel Slater:

established America's first factory.

In 1846, Congressman David Wilmot proposed to:

prohibit slavery from all territory acquired from Mexico.

Squatters:

set up farms on unoccupied land.

Identify the most important issues—both political and personal—in the presidential election of 1960.

the Missile Gap Kennedy's Christian denomination

Plantation owners dominated U.S. southern life and:

wanted to avoid a Civil War at all costs.

The nullification crisis ended:

with a compromise tariff.

Which of the following lists these colonies in the proper chronological order by the dates they were founded, from the earliest to the latest?

Jamestown, Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island.

Who would most admire today's America with its constitutional protections of equal rights for all?

Levellers.

The ________ was established in hopes of making abolitionism a political movement.

Liberty Party

What did Harriet Noble conclude about her family's move from New York to Michigan after the War of 1812?

Rugged living in the West made her children better prepared to face life

Which September 1864 event helped Lincoln win reelection as president that November?

Sherman's capture of Atlanta

The most important economic development in the mid-nineteenth-century South was the:

Shift of economic power from the "upper South" to the "lower South"

What did fighting a defensive war mean for the Confederates?

Since the weapon technology was basically equal, it was an advantage for the Confederates.

Georgia was established by James Oglethorpe, whose causes included improved conditions for imprisoned debtors and the abolition of:

Slavery

The women who protested during the Shoemakers' Strike in Lynn compared their condition to that of:

Slaves

Which of the following statements about slavery and the law is true?

Slaves accused of serious crimes were entitled to their day in court, although they faced all-white judges and juries.

What economic effect did southern slavery have on the North?

Southern slavery helped finance industrialization and internal improvements in the North.

Which of the following is true of Lafayette's 1824 visit to the United States?

Southern states banned "persons of color" from ceremonies honoring him.

What was the biggest change in American society during the Age of Jackson?

Sovereignty for white males was more fully realized

Why was a second Missouri Compromise necessary?

Missouri's state constitution barred free blacks from entering the state.

The only "successful" slave insurrection in the nineteenth century South was led by:

Nat Turner

What benefited the Pilgrims when they landed at Plymouth?

Native Americans, decimated by disease, had left behind cleared fields for farming.

Which state's constitution granted suffrage to all "inhabitants" who met a property qualification, allowing property-owning women to vote until an 1807 amendment limited suffrage to males?

New Jersey.

In the 1830s, how should Andrew Jackson's ideas on the Second Bank of the United States be characterized?

The Bank was a "monster" that had too much power

In Joseph Taper's letter to Joseph Long, how does Taper analyze his experience of living in Canada?

The British system allowed for more "pursuit of happiness."

Which international partner did Alexander Hamilton think most important for the survival and prosperity of the United States?

The British.

The eighty-five essays written in support of ratification of the Constitution are called:

The Federalist.

Identify the propaganda tactics used by American Plan supporters to undermine the labor movement.

The campaign stated that unionism and socialism were linked in an evil plot by sinister foreigners on American life. Collective bargaining was declared "an infringement of personal liberty and a menace to the institutions of a free people."

Identify the statements that describe Schenck v. United States

The case upheld the constitutionality of the wartime Esponage Act.

Identify the statements that describe Schenck v. United States.

The case upheld the conviction of Eugene V. Debs for giving an antiwar speech. The case upheld the constitutionality of the wartime Espionage Act.

Which American Revolution ideology is best encapsulated in the Declaration of Sentiments?

"No taxation without representation."

Many politicians in Congress were willing to ratify the League of Nations treaty with some "reservations," but President Woodrow Wilson was unwilling to compromise. Why was he unwilling to compromise?

"hand of god" was reflected in the treaty

In 1850, a majority of southern slaveholders owned how many slaves?

1 to 5

In 1850, a majority of southern slaveholders owned how many slaves?

1 to 5.

Historians estimate that approximately ____________ slaves per year escaped to the North or Canada.

1,000

Historians estimate that approximately ________slaves per year escaped to the North or Canada.

1,000

How many cities in 1850 had a population of more than 5,000?

150

The total value of southern textile manufactures in 1860 was what percentage of the total value of raw cotton that year.

2%

On the eve of the Civil War, approximately how much of the world's cotton supply came from the southern United States?

75

What percentage of southern families owned no slaves at all?

75%

What did the term "factor" refer to in Southern life?

A broker who marketed crops

The Wilmot Proviso, admission of California into the Union, and the Missouri Compromise focused on what?

The extension of slavery was a volatile issue.

The American Civil War began in April 1861, when:

A. Confederate forces fired upon and captured Fort Sumter.

The Dred Scott decision of the U.S. Supreme Court:

A. Declared Congress could not ban slavery from territories.

Who wrote a petition to Congress as the president of the Pennsylvania Abolition Society, calling for the end of slavery?

Benjamin Franklin.

Who publicly referred to slavery as a "national crime" that would one day bring "national punishment"?

Benjamin Rush.

Black abolitionists developed an understanding of freedom that went well beyond that of most of their white contemporaries. T/F

False

By 1860, less than 1,000 miles of telegraph wire were operational in the United States. T/F

False

Canadians tried to rebel against Britain during the War of 1812.

False

Columbus first sailed to what is now Venezuela.

False

Columbus was Spanish.

False

During the 1900s and 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan experienced explosive growth as immigrants joined in large numbers to defend traditional American Protestant values. T or F?

False

During the American Revolution, Canada was eager to join the American independence movement.

False

Ethan Allen led the Hudson Bay Boys in New York to protect the liberties of small farmers.

False

Even Jewish people enjoyed religious freedom under Maryland's Act concerning Religion.

False

For those Loyalists who remained in the United States after the war, hostility toward them proved to be long and intense.

False

George Washington made a significant statement about slavery when he freed his slaves before taking the presidential office.

False

George Washington wore the finest English clothes at his first inauguration.

False

Henry Luce's 1941 book The American Century called for America to return to a more home-directed, America-First foreign policy after the bloodshed of World War II.

False

Irish immigrants tended to be more skilled than the German immigrants arriving around the same time. T/F

False

James Madison wrote and published the book Notes on the State of Virginia.

False

John Brown perpetuated violence over the slavery issue in only Virginia. T/F

False

John C. Calhoun's "corrupt bargain" gave John Quincy Adams the White House in 1824. T/F

False

John Tyler's presidency proved very popular with Whigs. T/F

False

Joseph McCarthy launched his witch hunt against the State Department with a list of 205 communists. They were all found guilty and an anticommunist hero was born. T or F?

False

Like the first Jamestown settlers, the settlers of Massachusetts were mostly families.

False

Most African-Americans enthusiastically favored the colonization idea and moving to Africa. T/F

False

Most Britons believed that the king was above the law.

False

One significant way that blacks were able to enjoy economic independence was by settling in the West on federally provided public land. T/F

False

Overall, slaves did not think much about freedom. They were content with their situation as long as their master was kind. T/F

False

President William Howard Taft was a strong proponent of using military intervention to achieve his foreign diplomacy goals.

False

Prior to becoming president in 1857, James Buchanan did not have much political experience. T/F

False

Puritans believed that the Church of England was not in need of reform.

False

Republican influence in big business and their party's domination of government resulted in a close relationship between big business and the Republican Party. T or F?

False

The Pilgrims intended to set sail for Cape Cod in 1620.

False

The Revolution of 1800 was quite violent.

False

The Revolution of 1848 in Europe was successful in its attempts to create more democracy. T/F

False

The Salem witch trials revealed a serious problem of witchcraft in Massachusetts that spread throughout the colonies, until there were witch trials in all but three of the colonies.

False

The Second World War was historically unique in that it saw fewer civilian deaths as a result of the war than other similar global conflicts throughout history. Instead, the majority of wartime deaths consisted of military personnel, which makes this conflict unusual in the annals of world history.

False

The Spanish were the first to sail down the western coast of Africa, establishing trading posts called factories.

False

The Whiskey Rebellion of 1794 proved to Republicans that democracy in the hands of the elite citizenry was dangerous.

False

The antebellum utopian communities were largely located in the Upper South. T/F

False

The cities were the most rapidly growing region in North America by the mid-eighteenth century.

False

The election of 1928 was extremely close, which reflected the relative lack of popularity of both candidates. T or F?

False

The expansion of religious freedom diminished the influence of religion on American society.

False

The explosive population growth and competition for gold brought cooperation among California's many racial and ethnic groups as they worked together for wealth. T/F

False

The Emergency Banking Act was the first in an unprecedented flurry of legislation passed in the first three months of Roosevelt's administration, a period known as the Hundred Days. Identify the goals of the following legislation passed during the Hundred Days.

This had a $3.3 billion budget and contracted with private construction companies to build roads, schools, hospitals, and other public facilities. Correct label: Public Works Administration This barred commercial banks from becoming involved in the buying and selling of stocks. The law prevented many of the irresponsible practices that had contributed to the stock market crash. Correct label: Glass-Steagall Act The government would work with business leaders to establish codes that set standards for output, prices, and working conditions. This would eliminate cutthroat competition and industry arrangements would be exempt from antitrust laws. Correct label: National Recovery Administration This provided unemployed men with jobs on projects like forest preservation, flood control, and the improvement of national parks and wildlife preserves. Correct label: Civilian Conservation Corps

The 1796 election pitted John Adams and Thomas Pinckney against:

Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr.

Which two prominent men were not at the Constitutional Convention?

Thomas Jefferson and John Adams

In the winter of 1776-1777, Washington won important victories that improved American morale. These battles were at:

Trenton and Princeton, New Jersey.

Why did the Jefferson use the U.S. Navy against North African states?

Tripoli has declared war on the United States after Jefferson had refused demands for increased payments to the Barbary pirates.

Crèvecoeur's Letters from an American Farmer described America as a melting pot of Europeans.

True

Despite being forbidden by law to marry, many slaves were able to create a family life on the plantation. T/F

True

Despite the rhetoric of religious freedom, many states had limitations on religious freedom, such as limiting officeholding to Protestants.

True

Dixiecrats were southern Democrats who withdrew from the Democratic Party during the 1948 presidential election as a result of the Democratic Party's proposed civil rights legislation. T or F?

True

Dorothea Dix advocated better treatment of the mentally insane. T/F

True

English writer Harriet Martineau criticized the idea of sending ex-slaves to another country or kingdom. T/F

True

Europeans arrived in North America and South America with the attitude that their culture was superior to the various indigenous groups.

True

FDR consistently linked freedom with economic security and identified entrenched economic inequality as its greatest enemy. T or F?

True

Following the Glorious Revolution, the Massachusetts colony had to abide by the Toleration Act.

True

For middle-class women in the nineteenth century, not working was viewed as a badge of freedom. T/F

True

Free trade and sailors' rights were the two issues that drew the United States into the War of 1812.

True

Freedom and an individual's right to vote had become interchangeable by the war's end.

True

George McClellan ran for president in 1864, pledging to end the Civil War. T/F

True

Homespun clothing became a symbol of American resistance during the American boycott on British goods.

True

In 1939 Roosevelt put Keynesian economic theory to work by requesting billions of dollars for work relief and farm aid in an attempt to sustain the purchasing power of individual Americans and stimulate the economy. T or F?

True

True or False: The Embargo Act was devastating to the British and French.

False

Under English law, women held many legal rights and privileges.

False

Unlike the war against Germany, which was viewed as a race war due to the Nazis' treatment of the Jews, the war against the Japanese was seen by most Americans as an ideological struggle between two competing ways of life.

False

In the 1920s, the American film industry faced accusations that it promoted immorality. Identify the statements that describe the film industry during the 1920s.

Film producers voluntarily censored themselves and sporadically enforced the Hays code. Hollywood producers feared that publicity over divorces, drugs, and sex would lead to government censorship

An example of anti-Catholicism during the 1770s was the:

First Continental Congress's denunciation of the Quebec Act.

Which of the following is true of Spain's explorations of the New World?

Florida was the first region in the present-day continental United States that Spain colonized.

English and Dutch merchants created a well-organized system for "redemptioners." What was this system for?

For carrying indentured German families to America, where they would work off their transportation debt.

In July 1863, the Union won two key victories that are often identified as turning points in the war. These victories occurred at:

Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, and Vicksburg, Mississippi.

In the late eighteenth century, what activity would Judith Sargent Murray have praised?

Girls being given the chance to attend college.

In the eighteenth century how was freedom of the press viewed?

Governments in both England and the colonies viewed it as dangerous.

From a legal perspective, the first step in ending slavery in New England resulted in:

Gradual abolition.

What separated Grant from the other Union generals who commanded the Army of the Potomac?

Grant was willing to wage a war of attrition.

had the largest quota for new immigrants

Great Britain and Northern Ireland

What did the Northwest Territory border on?

Great Lakes.

In California after the Mexican-American War, landowners of Spanish heritage had to adjust to a new identity as if they were immigrants. T/F

True

In Canada, the Loyalist exiles were viewed as national founding fathers.

True

In Pennsylvania, nearly the entire pre-Revolutionary elite opposed the American independence movement.

True

In the Upper South, a considerable number of slaveholders emancipated their slaves.

True

John Wilkes was expelled from his seat in Parliament for his scandalous writings about the king; this caused many colonists to rally to his side with the call "Wilkes and Liberty."

True

Joseph Smith never made it to Utah with his Mormon followers. T/F

True

Lincoln's primary purpose in raising troops in 1861 to put down the southern rebellion was to restore the Union. T/F

True

McCarthyism has come to mean an assault on civil liberties because of the senator's anticommunist crusade, which had significant negative impacts on homosexual men. T or F?

True

Mob attacks and attempts to limit abolitionists' freedom of speech convinced many northerners that slavery was incompatible with the democratic liberties of white Americans. T/F

True

Most colonists did not complain about the British regulating trade through the Navigation Acts.

True

Most of the public government buildings constructed around 1800 in Washington, D.C., were built by using slave labor.

True

Most, although not all, Indian societies were matrilineal.

True

Nathaniel Bacon, who led Bacon's Rebellion against the Virginia elite, was himself a wealthy planter.

True

Nearly all abolitionists, despite their militant language, rejected violence as a means of ending slavery. T/F

True

New Netherland never became an important or sizable colony in the Dutch empire.

True

Newspapers and pamphlets were a primary vehicle for political debate in the early republic.

True

Northern colonial ports in New York and Massachusetts actively participated in the slave trade.

True

Not until the twentieth century did the Bill of Rights become revered.

True

Oliver Cromwell's Parliament passed the first Navigation Act, aimed to wrest control of world trade from the Dutch.

True

On both sides, the outbreak of war stirred powerful feelings of patriotism. T/F

True

Rice was Carolina's major cash crop, leading to a very wealthy elite.

True

Washington's army was demoralized by repeated failures early in the war, and many soldiers simply went home.

True

Why were the Know-Nothings unable to curb the political influence of Irish immigrants?

Voting rights were being determined by race.

The scale of Civil War bloodshed was comparable to that of which other conflict?

War of the Triple Alliance.

The first to apply the abolitionist doctrine of universal freedom and equality to the status of women:

Were the Grimke sisters

Of the half million people who left England between 1607 and 1700, which area in the Western Hemisphere received the most settlers?

West Indies.

In his work "The Price of Free World Victory," Henry Wallace rejected the ideas of The American Century as centering too much on business dominance rather than international cooperation. He felt that wealth should be redistributed from the hands of those who had made it, and not to do so would increase hunger, illiteracy, and poverty.

Henry Wallace, business dominance, redistributed from and increase

What inspired the 1715 uprising by the Yamasee and Creek peoples against English colonists in Carolina?

High debts incurred by the Yamasee and Creek in trade with the English settlers.

Which of the following is true of Jefferson Davis and his governing?

His administration actually suffered from the Confederacy's lack of political parties.

What was the significance of Robert Fulton?

His work in designing steamboats made upstream commerce possible.

Why did John Adams believe that land ownership was vital to society?

If more people owned land, it would be less likely that fixed and unequal social classes would emerge.

John Locke's political philosophy stressed:

a contract system between the people and the government.

According to John O'Sullivan, the "manifest destiny" of the United States to occupy North America could be traced to:

a divine mission.

In Puritan New England: a.it was illegal for a woman to have children after the age of twenty-eight, so childbearing began earlier than it did elsewhere. b.infant mortality rates were lower than in the Chesapeake colonies, because the environment was healthier. c.women married at an older age than their English counterparts. d.most women gave birth at least ten times. e.men were required by law to become fathers.

b

In approximately 7000 BCE, agriculture developed in the Americas in: a. the Mississippi Valley. b. Mexico and Peru. c. the Yucatan Peninsula. d. Chesapeake Bay. e. Brazil.

b

What was Virginia's "gold," which ensured its survival and prosperity? a.cotton b.fur c.tobacco d.indigo e.sugar

c

In response to the demand for internal improvements, President James Madison:

called for a constitutional amendment to empower the federal government to build roads and canals.

During the Civil War, the term "contraband camps" referred to:

camps of southern slaves who had escaped from their masters and entered Union lines.

the brer rabbit stories of slave folkore

celebrated how the weak could outsmart the more powerful

the brer rabbit stories of slave folklore

celebrated how thw weak could outsmart the more powerful

In the seventeenth century, New England's economy:

centered on family farms and also involved the export of fish and timber.

what was the name of the vibrant community of former slaves freed by virginain richard randolph

isreal hill

Deists concluded that the best form of religious devotion was to: a. read the Bible. b. attend revival meetings. c. worship in organized churches. d. study the workings of nature. e. appeal to divine grace for salvation.

d. study the workings of nature.

General John Sullivan:

destroyed forty Indian towns in a campaign against the Iroquois.

The Virginia Company can be called a failure primarily because:

it ultimately did not make money.

Once Massachusetts became a royal colony in 1691:

it was required to abide by the English Act of Toleration, which displeased many Puritan leaders.

To qualify as a member of the planter class, a person had to be engaged in southern agriculture and:

own at least twenty slaves.

Free blacks in the South were allowed to?

own property

Free blacks in the South were allowed to:

own property.

Identify the characteristics of "free enterprise" and "people's capitalism."

people's capitalism and free enterprise Correct label: embodied individual freedom people's capitalism Correct label: an increase in individuals investing in Wall Street free enterprise Correct label: an economic system built on private ownership Correct label: also called "consumer capitalism"

Hector St. John Crèvecoeur's Letters from an American Farmer:

popularized the idea of the United States as a melting pot of ethnicities.

In The History of the American Revolution, David Ramsay:

praised American state constitutions for allowing future amendments.

t or f john c calhoun's key contributed to the proslavery argument was the claim that slavery was a necessary evil

false

t or f nat turner was not a particularly religioius man

false

t or f slave traders tries hard to keep slave familes together

false

t or f the underground railroad used a system of railways to transport slaves

false

Lincoln was hesitant to support abolition early in the war because he:

feared losing the support of the slaveholding border states within the Union.

As designed by the Constitution:

federal judges were appointed by the president, not elected by the people.

"King Cotton diplomacy" led Great Britain to:

find new supplies of cotton outside the South.

Which of these steps was/were most important to the Spanish when establishing their presence in California?

the creation of missions and presidos

Economically, the Civil War led to:

the emergence of a nation-state committed to national economic development.

The early South Carolina economy focused on the export of deerskins and furs to England as well as on:

the export of Indian slaves to the Caribbean.

The early South Carolina economy focused on the export of deerskins and furs to England as well s on

the export of Indians slaves to the Caribbean

"Strict constructionists" believed that:

the federal government could only exercise powers specifically listed in the Constitution.

Which of these factors contributed to a lower number of French immigrants to North America?

the feeling that the Americas were meant for exile

Which one of the following did NOT contribute to the expansion of the public sphere during the eighteenth century?

the founding of the California missions

Presidents Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren rejected adding Texas to the United States because:

the presence of slaves there would reignite the issue of slavery, and they preferred to avoid it.

As a result of the American Revolution, Americans rejected:

the principle of hereditary aristocracy.

Under the Missouri Compromise of 1820:

the remaining Louisiana Purchase territory was divided into slave and free zones.

A central element in the definition of English liberty was:

the right to a trial by jury.

Alexander Hamilton, who was born outside of the United States, participated in the Constitutional Convention.

true

The example of German immigrant Marcus Spiegel demonstrated that:

the views of average Americans evolved considerably during the course of the Civil War.

In 1929, the global financial system was based on the gold standard and extremely vunerable to any finanical downturn escalationg wuickly to catastrophic economic melthdown. As the finanical markets collaped, thousands of banks collaped as people withdew their savings in the fear that paper money would no longer be backed or redeemed for gold.

true

In the U.S. Constitution, the fugitive slave clause kept the condition of bondage for a slave even if he or she escaped to a free state. (T/F)

true

In the immediate aftermath of independence, Congress took the position that by aiding the British, Indians had forfeited the right to their lands.

true

Maryland's founder, Cecilius Calvert:

wanted Maryland to be like a feudal domain, with power limited for ordinary people.

Identify the main objectives of these Allied leaders at the Paris peace conference.

wanted to approve his Fourteen Points plan in order to achieve a just peace and new world order -President Woodrow Wilson did not attend due to conflicts in his home country -Vladimir Lenin primarily concerned with getting what was due to the British empire and ensuring Germany was morally held responsible for the war -Prime Minister Lloyd George

Joseph Brant, a young Mohawk:

wanted to create an Indian confederacy between Canada and the United States.

Rose Greenhow:

was a Confederate spy in Washington, D.C.

Harriet Tubman

was a fugitive slave who risked her life many times to bring others out of slavery.

Harriet Tubman:

was a fugitive slave who risked her life many times to bring others out of slavery.

In England, the idea of working for wages:

was associated with servility and the loss of liberty.

The Scottish and Scotch-Irish immigrants to the colonies:

were often physicians, merchants, and teachers

The Committees of Safety:

were part of a series of efforts by the Continental Congress to promote unity and to take action against enemies of liberty.

The actions of Bartolomé de las Casas can best be described in modern-day terminology as that of a(n):

whistleblower.

1919 was a year of worldwide social and political upheaval. Identify the events that took place during this year that contributed to the historic changes taking place around the globe.

widespread worker strikes the Russian Revolution

"Republican motherhood" was an ideology that held that:

women played an indispensable role in the new nation by training future citizens.

Identify the accomplishments of the following African-Americans.

wrote The Souls of Black Folk (1903) in which he explored the meaning of being black in America -W. E. B. Du Bois author of The New Negro, which explored the black migrants who took part in the Great Migration. -Alain Locke founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association, a movement for African independence and black self-reliance -Marcus Garvey

Olaudah Equiano:

wrote the eighteenth century's most widely read account by a slave of a slave's own experiences.

Which of the following was NOT a provision of the Compromise of 1850?

C. The Oregon territory would be created.

which state had the least amount of free blacks

Mississippi

urban slaves

most often were domestic servants

With regard to civil liberties during the Civil War, President Lincoln:

suspended the writ of habeas corpus.

Indians mostly traded furs and animal skins for European goods.

True

Most of those accused of witchcraft in Salem were young children.

False

The southern failure to create a flourishing commercial or industrial economy was in part the result of:

A set of values distinctive to the South that discouraged the growth of cities and industry

Jumping over a broomstick was a ceremony celebrating:

A slave marriage

Which of the following would be an example of "silent sabotage"?

A slave on a large plantation slowed down the work pace.

What did South Carolina and Georgia promise every white volunteer at the war's end?

A slave.

What was the annuity system involving the U.S. government and certain Indian tribes?

A system under which the federal government gave annual monetary grants to Indians.

In the United States today, which would best resemble an eighteenth-century companionate marriage?

A union based on love with equal say in running the household.

Which of the following scenarios can potentially be seen as a violation of the First Amendment?

A woman is arrested for organizing a peaceful meeting to protest the federal government's actions.

The Declaration of Sentiments stated, "He has created a false public sentiment, by giving to the world a different code of morals for men and women, by which moral delinquencies which exclude women from society, are not only tolerated but deemed of little account in man." Which of the following is an example of this sentiment?

A woman who committed adultery was ostracized more than a man who did this same act.

According to John L. O'Sullivan's "Democratic Review", what was the key to the history of nations and the rise and fall of empires?

A. Race.

Which of the following statements related to ethnicity was true in California in the 1850's?

A. Thousands of Indian children were declared orphans and treated as slaves.

The first image is a movie poster promoting The Red Menace, while the second shows Hollywood stars heading to Congress to testify. How do these two pictures show the Cold War ideological battle in Hollywood?

Actors, who rely on freedom of expression, testified in support of those accused of having controversial beliefs, while producers took advantage of the hysteria by creating movies that would draw large audiences by sensationalizing the issue.

What best describes representation within the United States' national political structure today?

Actual representation.

Which occurred during the election of 1828?

Adams's supporters questioned the morality of Andrew Jackson's wife because they saw her as a bigamist.

What do these images reveal about the impact of technological changes on agriculture and manufacturing?

Advances in technology created new efficiencies that led to increased production, and ultimately higher profits. Consumer goods of all kinds, both agricultural and manufactured, proliferated because of new technologies.

From 1700 to 1776, who was the largest group of people that came to England's mainland colonies?

Africans.

Who might be considered an ideal woman in late-eighteenth-century America?

An educated mother.

Who benefited the most from the American Revolution and its immediate aftermath?

An indentured servant in New York.

What was a factor in the nation's acquisition of Florida from Spain?

Andrew Jackson led an army to invade Florida, subsequently killing British agents.

In the presidential election of 1824, who received the most votes but failed to win a majority of either the popular or electoral votes (requiring the House of Representatives to select a president)?

Andrew Jackson.

Who founded the Shakers?

Ann Lee.

The spark that ignited World War I occurred in a far corner of the Balkans that most Europeans were little aware existed. Fill in the blanks to complete the passage.

At Sarajevo in June of 1914, a(n) SERBIAN NATIONALIST assassinated ARCHDUKE FRANZ FERDINAND, the heir to the throne of the AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN EMPIRE. While relatively conservative, Ferdinand understood that Austro-Hungary could not survive without creating some sort of racial harmony throughout the empire. To Serbian nationalists, Ferdinand's conciliatory attitude undermined their desire to acquire Bosnia Herzegovina as part of their greater Serbia. Their action set into motion the chain of events that plunged Europe into World War I.

American economic prosperity in the 1920's was driven by the automobile industry. Which of the statements describe the automobile industry in the 1920s?

Automobile production tripled during the 1920s. The automobile industry stimulated the expansion of the oil, rubber, and steel industries.

American economic prosperity in the 1920s was driven by the automobile industry. Which of the statements describe the automobile industry in the 1920s?

Automobile production tripled during the 1920s. The automobile industry stimulated the expansion of the oil, rubber, and steel industries.

Boston indecency laws led to the phrase -, which became a term of - among those who supported artistic freedom. The Watch and Ward Committee of - banned - books from area bookstores. The works included some of the greatest literary figures in American history, such as Upton Sinclair, Theodore Dreiser, and Ernest Hemingway.

Banned in Boston ridicule Boston sixty-five

What city did NOT have a sizable free black population? Which DID?

Birmingham Natchez; New Orleans; Charleston

What was NOT true of slave religion? What WAS?

Black religion emphasized obedience and submission before God Autonomous black churches were banned by law; African-American services were often more emotional than white services; Blacks often held secret religious services at night

During the eighteenth century, British patriotism:

Celebrated individual freedom and the rule of law

In what ways was Thomas Paine's Common Sense similar to Thomas Jefferson's Declaration of Independence?

Both showed how a king can be a tyrant.

In what way was the 1840 Whig campaign for president similar to recent presidential campaigns?

Both stressed that the presidential candidate can relate to the average citizen

Why was the extension of slavery significant politically?

Both the North and South wanted to control the Senate.

How are Andrew Jackson and George Washington most similar?

Both were popular army generals, which helped them get elected to the presidency.

Maryland was established as a refuge for which group?

Catholics.

What distinguished John Brown from other abolitionists such as William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglass?

C. Brown emphasized violence in freeing slaves.

In the 1860 election, how many different presidential candidates won electoral votes?

C. Four.

Which two political figures agreed to keep the issue of annexing Texas out of the 1844 presidential campaign if possible?

C. Henry Clay and Martin Van Buren.

The opening of Japan to United States trade led to what?

C. Japan became a modernized military power.

American settlement in Texas in the 1820's and 1830's:

C. Led Stephen Austin to demand more autonomy from Mexican officials.

The California Gold Rush:

C. Resulted in laws that discriminated against "foreign miners."

Which of the following is an example of the political impact of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

C. The Whig Party collapsed, and many disgruntled northerners joined the new Republican Party.

The controversy over the arrest of Anthony Burns in 1854 shows:

C. The unpopularity of the Fugitive Slave Act in parts of the North.

Which improvement most dramatically increased the speed and lowered the expense of commerce in the first half of the nineteenth century?

Canals and steamboats

Why was Vicksburg essential?

Capturing the city allowed the Union to control the entire Mississippi River.

Who questioned President Polk's right to declare war by introducing a resolution to Congress requesting that the president specify the precise spot where blood had first been shed?

D. Abraham Lincoln.

Why did Mississippi politician Jefferson Davis object in the 1850's to the original design of the "Statue of Freedom" that now adorns the U.S. Capitol dome?

D. Its use of an ancient Roman liberty cap on "Freedom" raised a touchy matter about slaves' longing for freedom.

The Republican presidential candidate in 1856 was:

D. John Frémont.

In regards to Fort Sumter, analyze the maneuvering of Jefferson Davis and Abraham Lincoln. Who was superior, Davis or Lincoln?

D. Lincoln made the South look like the aggressor.

In 1854, the Know-Nothings won all the congressional races as well as the governorship in:

D. Massachusetts.

From 1848 to 1860, most of the railroad construction was in which region?

D. Midwest.

Which of the following countries did NOT go through some kind of popular upheaval in 1848?

D. Russia.

In the 1850's, Tennessee-born William Walker became famous for:

D. Seeking to establish himself as a ruler of slaveholding Nicaragua.

In 1860, which state became the first to pass an ordinance of succession and declare itself separated from the Union?

D. South Carolina.

With the exception of Alaska, what was the last piece of territory acquired by the United States toward the solidification of its present boundaries in North America?

D. The Gadsden Purchase.

What was ironic about the Fugitive Slave Act?

D. The South promoted states' rights, but with this law agreed to strong federal action.

By casting their ballots for the Constitutional Unionist candidate John Bell in the 1860 election, what did people in Virginia and Kentucky fear?

D. The voters worried than an impending civil war would lead to war being fought in their respective states.

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo of 1848 provided for all of the following EXCEPT:

D. U.S. control of all of the Oregon Country.

In the first half of the nineteenth century, the United States gained the most territory through:

D. Wars with Mexico.

At Oneida, celibacy was strictly enforced. T/F

False

As early as 1615, the ________ people of present-day southern Ontario and upper New York State forged a trading alliance with the French, and many of them converted to Catholicism.

Huron

Which one of the following statements is true of Spanish emigrants to the New World?

Many of the early arrivals came to direct Native American labor.

Which of the following statements about Spanish America is true?

Over time, Spanish America evolved into a hybrid culture—part Spanish, part Indian, and, in some areas, part African.

Despite many slaves being emancipated during and right after the American Revolution, why did the number of slaves increase by 200,000 from 1776 to 1790?

Owning slaves in the South was seen as a key ingredient to economic autonomy.

Besides religious phrases, what did Charles Grandison Finney emphasize in his sermons?

People had to make choices in their lives similar to making political decisions.

What happened under the constitution of independent Texas?

People of color had had more freedoms and rights when Mexico previously controlled Texas.

How did Pennsylvania display the Revolutionary War's radical potential?

Philadelphia's artisan and lower-class communities took control and put a new emphasis on freedom and on more democratic politics.

Which one of the following statements is NOT true of the slave trade in the eighteenth-century Atlantic world?

Slightly more than half of slaves from Africa were taken to mainland North America (what became the United States).

During the American Revolution, what happened to the economy?

Some merchants hoarded goods.

How did indentured servants display a fondness for freedom?

Some of them ran away or were disobedient to their masters.

Which of the following is true of slave resistance in the colonial period?

Some slaves were the offspring of white traders and therefore knew enough English to turn to the legal system, at least until Virginia lawmakers prevented them from doing so.

Which of the following is true of women and political life in the new republic of the 1790's?

Some women contributed to a growing democratization of political life by arguing for increased rights for their sex.

African-American religion:

Sometimes combined Christianity with traditional African religions

Which state referred to the Tariff of 1828 as an "abomination"?

South Carolina

Allied countries

Soviet Union, Syria, Iraq, and parts of North Africa

What encouraged the building of factories in coastal towns such as New Bedford and even large inland cities such as Chicago by the 1840s?

Steam power meant factories no longer had to be near waterfalls and rapids to generate the power.

Why did George Washington eventually allow African-Americans to serve in the Continental army?

The British started offering freedom to slaves who signed up to fight for their army.

Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding the impact on Maryland of seventeenth-century England's Protestant-Catholic conflict?

The English government temporarily repealed Calvert's ownership of Maryland and the colony's policies of religious toleration.

Why did the English government support the establishment of the Georgia colony?

The English government wanted Georgia to serve as a buffer between South Carolina and Spain's Florida.

Which of the following is true of slavery?

The English word "slavery" derives from "Slav," reflecting the slave trade in Slavic peoples until the fifteenth century.

How did French involvement in the fur trade change life for Native Americans?

The French were willing to accept Native Americans into colonial society.

In 1829, Lydia Maria Child wrote a popular book called:

The Frugal Housewife.

In colonial America, what was an example of a borderlands area?

The Great Lakes.

The American Philosophical Society in its modest beginnings was called

The Junto

Which armed group, motivated by deep frustrations with the corruption of North Carolina's county officials, was defeated by the colony's militia at the 1771 Battle of Alamance?

The Regulators.

What was a result of the Second Great Awakening?

The Second Great Awakening complemented the idea of self-reliance

After what major event did the British government make the colonies bear part of the cost of the empire?

The Seven Years' War.

Which of the following is NOT true of the South and its economy in the period from 1800 to 1860?

The South produced nearly two-fifths of the nation's manufactured goods, especially cotton textiles

The Soviet Union and the United States claimed to provide all citizens with social and economic rights. Identify the statements that describe the reality of their citizens' rights during this time.

The United States and the Soviet Union emphasized certain provisions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, while ignoring others. The United States and the Soviet Union refused to accept outside interference in their internal affairs to support enforcement of the Declaration of Human Rights.

Which of the following contributed to the poor American performance in the war of 1812?

The nation was deeply divided about whether to go to war.

Jackson adhered to what philosophy during the nullification crisis?

The national government was supreme.

In his last speech, Lincoln said what regarding postwar policy?

There should be at least limited black suffrage.

What was NOT true of urban slave life?

Urban slaves were watched much more closely than those on a plantation Slaves were often hired out on contract; The number of urban slaves declined in relative terms as southern cities grew; Some slaves learned skilled trades such as carpentry or black-smithing

What would John Winthrop most likely criticize about antebellum America?

Utopian societies promoting free love.

The English finally became successful in defeating the French in the Seven Years' War under the leadership of:

William Pitt

Frederick Douglass wrote, "When the true history of the antislavery cause shall be written, ________ will occupy a large space in its pages."

Women

The cult of domesticity:

led to a decline in birthrates

The Articles of Confederation employed the principles of federalism. (T/F)

false

Despite the fact that the first Workingman's Parties had been established by the 1820s, strikes were still very uncommon in the 1830s. T/F

False

The Constitution is a lengthy, wordy document that outlines the structure of government in great detail.

false

Which of the following was a consequence of the Seven Year's War?

It strengthened pride among American colonists about being part of the British empire

Which state saw the greatest increase in slave population between 1820 and 1860?

Mississippi

According to John L. O'Sullivan's Democratic Review, what was the key to the history of nations and the rise and fall of empires?

Race

Which of the following is true of the Confederacy and Native Americans?

Slave Owning Indians generally supported the Confederacy.

Which one of the following statements about slaves in the Chesapeake is FLASE?

Slave communities remained distinctly African in culture

The romance between Pocahontas and John Smith led to their marrying in England, where she then died.

false

The Panic of 1819:

prompted some states to suspend debt collections, which helped debtors but hurt creditors.

The colonization of freed U.S. slaves to Africa:

prompted the adamant opposition of most free African-Americans.

During the 1900s and 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan experienced explosive growth as immigrants joined in large numbers to defend traditional American Protestant values.

False

During the American Revolutionary War, the buying and selling of slaves was temporarily halted.

False

During the Civil War, the Navajo were forced to leave their homes in the New Mexico Territory and then to live permanently in Oklahoma. T/F

False

During the market revolution, the separation of classes shrunk as wealth was more evenly distributed. T/F

False

Which of the following statements is true of New Orleans under Spanish rule?

Slave women had the right to go to court for protection against cruelty or rape by their owners.

All of the following statements are true of the Atlantic trade in the eighteenth century EXCEPT:

Although important, slave-grown crops actually accounted for only a small portion of the value of the trade

Which of the following is true of the Constitution of 1787 and slavery?

Although never using the word "slavery," the document protected several aspects of the institution.

Which of the following is a check against presidential power in the Constitution?

Although the president appoints Federal judges, they serve for ten years to ensure their independence.

Which of the following best describes how the English viewed Native American ties to the land?

Although they felt the natives had no claim since they did not cultivate or improve the land, the English usually bought their land, albeit through treaties they forced on Indians.

What historical information could you use to challenge the claim that this painting encapsulated American society and its values during the war?

Although this image promotes unity and individual rights, American society was deeply segregated throughout the war years and not all people benefited equally from these rights.

Which of the following statements express the ideas of Henry Luce's The American Century?

America was to be the dominant power on the planet. Free markets were the pathway to liberty.

Which statement most accurately describes what cartoonist Herb Block implies in his political cartoon?

America's hysteria over the Cold War, represented by the man on the ladder, is threatening everyone's liberty and is at risk of being put out completely.

Identify the statements that describe the "race problem" before and during World War I in the United States.

American citizens felt that their entire culture and political system were under assault by waves of new immigrants. Public schools paid great attention to Americanizing immigrants' children to prevent them from becoming too stuck in the "Old World" like their parents. Pseudo-science attempted to explain the dangers or virtues of different races and categorize them according to their relative worth.

The key insight of Alexis de Tocqueville's Tocqueville on Democracy was that:

American democracy really represented an important cultural shift.

What were the outcomes of the 1944 Bretton Woods conference?

American foreign policy embraced the reduction of internal barriers to free trade. The United States became the dominant influence in international finance.

In the 1950s, television changed several aspects of the American lifestyle. Identify the key changes that resulted from the growing influence of television.

Americans shifted mealtime from the dining room to the living room. Americans turned to television as their major source for news about public events. Americans chose television to be their leading leisure activity.

After the American Revolution, who held the balance of power between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River?

Americans.

In the 1850s, which action would be in line with Abraham Lincoln's views on race?

An African-American man trains as an artisan and then starts his own business.

What was the Covenant Chain?

An alliance made by the governor of New York and the Iroquois Confederacy.

In the early decades of the nineteenth century, what helped shape southern Ohio?

Slaveholders from Kentucky

What was NOT a provision under the slave codes? What WAS?

Slaves could not attend church Slaves could not carry firearms; Slaves could not hold property; Slaves could not testify against white people

The Old Plantation, a late-eighteenth century-watercolor, depicts slave dancing. What does the portrait reveal?

Slaves mixed both African and European-American cultures

What was the key to developing an African-American slave community?

Slaves needed to have family members near them.

What was NOT true of life under slavery? What WAS?

Slaves tended to be healthier than southern whites Many slaves cultivated gardens for their own use; Slave families were often divided by the slave trade; The proportion of blacks to whites declined after 1808

What would most likely be the reason why there were few slave rebellions in the original English colonies?

Slaves were outnumbered in most regions.

What was a potential criticism from slaveowners about the task system?

Slaves would have too much autonomy.

How did southern states react to the Constitution's provisions regarding slavery?

South Carolina and Georgia immediately began importing increased numbers of Africans, because in twenty years, the international slave trade could be constitutionally prohibited.

How did southern states react to the Constitution's provisions regarding slavery?

South Carolina and Georgia imported an increased number of Africans, because in twenty years, the international slave trade would be constitutionally prohibited.

In 1860, which state became the first to pass an ordinance of secession and declare itself separated from the Union?

South Carolina.

What was NOT true of the "Southern Lady"? What WAS?

Southern women had fewer children than their counterparts on the North Southern women were generally more subordinate to men than in the North; Southern women had less access to education than their northern counterparts; Southern women were even further removed from the public sphere than those in the North

The Black Legend described:

Spain as a uniquely brutal colonizer.

When the first artificial satellite, -, was successfully launched, Americans for the first time felt their technology to be inferior to that of the -. The Eisenhower administration responded by offering federal funds to higher education with the -.

Sputnik, Russians. National Defense Education Act.

Which of the following groups tended to be Anti-Federalist during the ratification debates?

State politicians fearful of a strong central government.

The Kentucky resolution originally stated that:

States could nullify laws of congress.

The public assistance programs established by Social Security, notably aid to dependent children and to the poor and elderly, were open to all Americans who could demonstrate need. Identify the ways in which blacks were prevented from benefiting from this limited assistance.

States set "moral" standards of eligibility, as determined by local authorities, that discriminated against blacks. States set benefit levels extremely low and set eligibility standards that discriminated against blacks. Because many blacks worked in jobs where they did not pay Social Security taxes, most were eligible only for government handouts that came with a stigma.

Thomas Jefferson's original Kentucky resolution served as an argument for what?

States' rights

What was the overall effect of the American invasions of Canada in 1775 and during the War of 1812?

Stereotypes developed on both sides that in some form still exist today.

Deists concluded that the best form of religious devotion was to:

Study the workings of nature

According to the Wilson Administration, America's war aims were so virtuous they should not be challenged. Identify the examples of "coercive patriotism" that took place during World War I.

Sympathy for the Russian Revolution was considered "un-American." It was illegal in many states to possess a communist or anarchist flag. Teachers were required to sign loyalty oaths and revise their curriculum to ensure they were patriotic.

What role did Christianity play in slavery?

Teaching slaves about Christianity helped to reinforce the owners' ideas on paternalism.

After gaining its independence, what resulted in the new independent nation of Texas?

Anglos welcomed Juan Seguín, Tejano supporter of Texas independence, as mayor of San Antonio.

The Democratic Party split in 1860 over the question of whether to:

B. Protect slavery in the territories or allow popular sovereignty in them.

The opponents of the Compromise of 1850:

B. Received a boost from President Zachary Taylor.

James Polk had four clearly defined goals when he entered the White House. Which was NOT one of his goals?

B. Settle the slavery dispute.

The 1860 Republican platform stated all of the following EXCEPT that:

B. Slavery should be abolished in the nation's capital.

Why did slavery become more central to American politics in the 1840's?

B. Territorial expansion raised the question of whether new lands should be free or slave.

The bloodiest act of violence during Reconstruction took place in ________ in 1873, where armed whites killed hundreds of former slaves, including fifty militia members who had surrendered. a. Marietta, Georgia, b. Colfax, Louisiana, c. Guilford County, North Carolina, d. Lynchburg, Virginia, e. York County, South Carolina,

B.Colfax, Louisiana

America's first commercial railroad was the:

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.

During the eighteenth century, colonial assemblies :

Became more assertive

Why does Wesley believe that black Americans are denied the Four Freedoms?

Because of Americans' deeply entrenched hatred of Americans of African ancestry.

From 1800 to 1860, which of the following occurred to the South and its economy?

Because the South was a slave society, most immigrants stayed away.

What prompted the debate between Catherine Beecher and the Grimké sisters?

Beecher did not like the idea of women taking a lead role in the abolition movement.

Who drafted Albany Plan of Union?

Benjamin Franklin

Who drafted the Albany Plan of Union?

Benjamin Franklin

In the portrait of Olaudah Equiano in book, Equiano holds a:

Bible

The last nation in the Western Hemisphere to abolish slavery was:

Brazil

What nation also still permitted slavery in the mid-nineteenth century?

Brazil

Identify the statements that describe the Wilsonian ideal of "self-determination" and the influence it had on global affairs after World War I.

Britain and France did not embrace the concept, as it would mean relinquishing control of their occupied lands all over the world. Japan proposed to include in the League of Nations charter a clause that recognized the equality of all people, regardless of race. Citizens of Arabic countries asked Wilson to declare war in the name of democracy.

"Salutary neglect" meant:

British governments left the colonies largely alone to govern themselves.

What distinguished John Brown from other abolitionists such as William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglass?

Brown emphasized violence in freeing slaves.

A minority of southern whites owned slaves:

But the slave-holding planters exercised power and influence far in excess of their numbers

Identify the symbolism and messages deployed by the CPI in the United States during World War I.

Buying Liberty bonds became a demonstration of patriotism. The Statue of Liberty became a symbol of the American war effort and the embodiment of freedom. The war, according to the CPI, was being fought in "the great cause of freedom."

Why did colonists object to the Tea Act?

By paying it, they would be acknowledging Great Britain's right to tax the colonists.

Which of the following statements is accurate about the work done by southern slaves?

By the time of the Civil War, about 200,000 worked in industrial-type occupations.

When Mexico won its independence from Spain in 1821:

C. Its Indian population was relatively large compared to its non-Indian population.

Analyze the role that manifest destiny played in the California Gold Rush. What was the result?

C. The California legislature created a foreign miners' tax.

Members of which of the following groups were generally opposed to the temperance movement?

Catholics

Why did Massachusetts have its charter revoked by Charles II?

Charles did not approve of Massachusetts's violation of Navigation laws.

The "German triangle" in the mid-nineteenth century referred to:

Cincinnati, St. Louis, and Milwaukee—cities with large German populations.

In the first half of the nineteenth century, what city became known as "Porkopolis"?

Cincinnati.

Religious dissension in England during the first half of the seventeenth century resulted in:

Civil War

Who received most of the profits from trade between Native Americans and colonists?

Colonial and European merchants.

What impact did the Committees of Correspondence have in America?

Colonial leaders were able to spread ideas and information of resistance to taxes more quickly.

Which of the following was true of Georgia?

Colonists sought self-government to gain the right to introduce slavery.

How did colonial politics compare with British politics?

Colonists tended to agree with the British that owning property was related to having the right to vote

How did colonial politics compare with British politics?

Colonists tended to agree with the British that owning property was related to having the right to vote.

What idea did both the Regulators and Stamp Act Congress share?

Colonists wanted to be represented in the government.

A significant difference between the Vikings and Columbus was that:

Columbus received much more publicity for his voyages.

Until the 1870s, who in essence controlled the territory between the Nueces River and the Rio Grande?

Comanches.

In what ways did the U.S. government endorse Judeo-Christian religious beliefs to fight communism at the height of the Cold War?

Congress added the words "under God" to the Pledge of Allegiance. "In God We Trust" was added to paper currency.

Which of the following was a characteristic of the federal government under the Articles of Confederation?

Congress could not levy taxes or regulate commerce.

What was Congress able to accomplish with its Native American policy under the Articles of Confederation?

Congress demanded and received surrenders of large amounts of Indian land north of the Ohio River and in the South.

Which of the following is true regarding Congress and the African slave trade in the United States under the Constitution?

Congress prohibited the African slave trade twenty years after ratification of the Constitution.

Which of the following contributed to the United States going to war in 1812?

Congressional War Hawks who pressed for territorial expansion into Florida and Canada.

Slave families:

Consistently operated on the model of the "nuclear family"

Identify the statements that describe President Calvin Coolidge and his administration.

Coolid won reelection by a landside in 1924. Foreign affairs continued to refect the close working relationship between business and government.

Identify the statements that describe President Calvin Coolidge and his administration.

Coolidge twice vetoed the McNary-Haugen bill, a legislative priority for farmers. Coolidge won reelection by a landslide in 1924.

Which statement about corporations was true in the first half of the nineteenth century?

Corporations were able to raise far more capital than the traditional forms of enterprise.

Even though the days were long at New England textile factories, the girls were still allowed significant autonomy as to when they took their breaks and how long they took for lunch and dinner. T/F

False

Fewer than 50,000 blacks served in the Union army during the war. T/F

False

For whites in America during the wartime years, freedom was viewed as a goal to be achieved, whereas for black Americans, freedom was seen as a possession to be defended.

False

Growing connections with Europeans lessened warfare between Indian tribes.

False

Henry David Thoreau celebrated the innovations of the market revolution T/F

False

How does the decision in Meyer v. Nebraska expand the definition of liberty protected by the Fourteenth Amendment?

False

In 1800, most farm families were incapable of making clothing and farm equipment. T/F

False

In British America, unlike other New World empires, Indians performed most of the labor in the colonies.

False

In Europe on the eve of colonization, one conception of freedom, called "Christian liberty,"

False

In Lincoln's Ten-Percent Plan, blacks played a prominent role in Reconstruction. T/F

False

In an English colony, a person was less likely than someone in Europe to be a landowner and voter.

False

In general, Catholics supported the temperance movement. T/F

False

In his use of the phrase "great arsenal of democracy," Franklin Roosevelt meant that it was important for the United States to produce and store up as many weapons as possible in preparation for an American conflict with the Nazis.

False

In the 1950s, most women found work in low-paying fields. They did this in most cases to pursue personal fulfillment and obtain a sense of financial independence. T or F?

False

In the nineteenth century, racism expanded into an ideology of white superiority, with science being used to support this thinking. T/F

False

In the southern slave society, white women on plantations were seen as weak and helpless. T/F

False

In their Revolutionary-era constitutions, all states adopted John Adams's idea of a "balanced" government.

False

Jay's Treaty abandoned any American alliance with Britain by positioning the United States close to France.

False

Lincoln raised the money to pay for the war mostly through an income tax.v T/F

False

Louisiana's slaves enjoyed far more freedom under the liberty-loving United States than under the rule of tyrannical Spain.

False

Major General George Pickett led a charge, aptly known as Pickett's Charge, during the Second Battle at Bull Run. T/F

False

Major group slave resistance events occurred more frequently at sea. T/F

False

Medical knowledge had made great strides in the first half of the nineteenth century; thus, few soldiers died from wounds, infections, or diseases during the Civil War. T/F

False

Moderate Republicans like Abraham Lincoln supported the Dred Scott decision. T/F

False

More slave uprisings occurred in the Caribbean than on mainland North America.

False

Most slaves in eighteenth-century British America were born in the colonies.

False

Since the Bank of the United States handled the Panic of 1819 so efficiently, public support for the banking system increased dramatically. T/F

False

Thanks to Martin Luther, the movable type printing press is one of the most important inventions in modern times, helping to rapidly disseminate information around the world.

False

The American Civil Liberties Union was heavily funded by the Republican Party and Wall Street businessmen in the hopes of promoting censorship of communist and socialist propaganda and activists.

False

The American Temperance Society directed its efforts at the drunkards but not the occasional drinker. T/F

False

The American victory at Trenton convinced the French to join the American cause.

False

The Appeal of the Independent Democrats was not a very effective piece of political persuasion. T/F

False

The Articles of Confederation employed the principles of federalism.

False

The Battle of Washington, D.C., valiantly fought by the Americans, was a much needed victory.

False

The Constitution is a lengthy, wordy document that outlines the structure of government in great detail.

False

The Dutch and French were unaware of each other's settlements in North America.

False

The Embargo Act was devastating to the British and French.

False

Because of the need for high production rates with minimal interruptions, involvement in the Second World War restrained the growth of labor unions in the American economy.

False

Columbus established the first permanent settlement on Hispaniola in 1502.

False

The English Civil War was a bloodless war that restored Catholicism to England.

False

The Ford Motor Company resisted the "Americanization" of its workers

False

Cortés conquered the capital city of the Aztec empire with an army of over 1,000 men.

False

The French established the first permanent European settlement in what would become New York City.

False

The French writer Alexis de Tocqueville identified democracy as an essential attribute of American freedom. T/F

False

The Glorious Revolution in England was bloody and violent.

False

The Glorious Revolution in England was tragically bloody.

False

The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina:

proposed a feudal society in the New World, complete with hereditary nobility.

To encourage virtue in future citizens, Thomas Jefferson and John Adams:

proposed free public education.

The Lecompton Constitution was the:

proslavery constitution proposed for Kansas.

The Lincoln-Douglas debates were relatively insignificant in American political history and of little consequence to the outcome of the U.S. senate race. T/F

False

The Missouri Compromise debate illustrated that northern politicians did not want slavery to expand for primarily moral reasons. T/F

False

The Democratic Party split in 1860 over the question of whether to:

protect slavery in the territories or allow popular sovereignty in them.

What strategy worked well for the colonists in fighting the British during the American Revolution?

The Continental army and militias deployed hit-and-run tactics.

As salve society consolidated in Chesapeake region, what happened to free blacks?

The lost many of their rights

The Union's manpower advantage over the Confederacy:

proved essential for the success of Grant's attrition strategy.

The U.S. Sanitary Commission:

raised money for the families of soldiers on both sides.

In the Chesapeake region, slavery:

rapidly became the dominant labor system after 1680

In the Chesapeake region, slavery:

rapidly became the dominant labor system after 1680.

What is true about Southern slavery?

The majority of slaveowners were small farmers, but the majority of slaves lived on plantations of medium or large size

The Monroe Doctrine was a forceful statement that declared that westward expansion for the United States could not be prevented on any account since its destiny was divinely appointed. T/F

False

The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 did not acknowledge that the Indians owned their land.

False

The Ostend Manifesto suggested seizing all of Mexico, rather than just the Mexican Cession, during the Mexican War. T/F

False

What was a result of the expanding Union economy?

The size and spending of the government increased tremendously.

The Spanish were the first to sail down the western coast of Africa, establishing trading posts, called factories.

False

The Toleration Act passed by Parliament in 1690 was widely praised by the Puritans in Massachusetts.

False

In 1860, what percentage of southern white families were in the slaveowning class?

25 percent

In 1860, what percentage of southern white families were in the slaveowning class?

25 percent.

In 1860, what perc entage of southern white families were in the slaveowning class?

25 percentage

The Trail of Tears refers specifically to the removal of the Seminole Indians from Florida to present-day Oklahoma. T/F

False

The U.S. Constitution of 1787 provided a clear definition of U.S. citizenship that excluded blacks.

False

The Union naval blockade was very effective early in the war. T/F

False

The Virginia Company accomplished its goals for the shareholders and for its settlers.

False

The Wade-Davis Bill was the Democrats' proposed Reconstruction plan. T/F

False

The free black population increased from about 10,000 in 1776 to more than a million by 1800.

False

The headright system led to fewer people from England coming to Virginia.

False

What does the table reveal about immigration in the United States in the 1920s?

804 had the largest quota for new immigrants- Great Britain and Northern Ireland Immigration from this region to the United States was not allowed.- Asia had the largest immigrant population in the United States in 1914- Italy

The idea of republican motherhood encouraged direct female involvement in politics.

False

The journey from 1804 to 1806 of Lewis and Clark did not produce much valuable information.

False

The majority of slaves during the Middle Passage died on the ship transporting them across the Atlantic.

False

The mound builders were a sophisticated ancient peoples living in the American Southwest.

False

As the slave society consolidated in the Chesapeake region, what happened to free blacks?

They lost many of their rights

Which of the following is NOT true about the expedition of Meriwether Lewis and William Clark?

They never reached the pacific coast.

To solidify control of Virginia, what did the English do?

They put the colony under the control of the crown.

In addition to trying to end slavery, abolitionists from 1830 to 1860 pioneered what?

A modern way of raising funds through fairs and bazaars.

The typical white southerner was:

A modest yeoman farmer

What was the primary purpose of the Proclamation of 1763?

To bring stability to the colonial frontier

Cincinnati and St. Louis grew rapidly due to inter-regional trade. T/F

True

Congress nearly passed a clause in the Ordinance of 1784 that would have prohibited slavery throughout the West.

True

Before the Civil War, who came to believe that the U.S. Constitution did not provide national protection to the institution of slavery?

Fredrick Douglas

Who was Phillis Wheatley?

A poet who wrote about how African-Americans felt about freedom.

How did Americans respond to the French Revolution?

Almost everyone supported it at first, because the French seemed to be following in America's footsteps.

Approximately how many free Americans remained loyal to the British during the war?

20 to 25 percent.

During the eight years of war, approximately how many Americans bore arms in the Continental army and state militias?

200,000.

The U.S. slave population by 1860 was approximately:

4 million

the us slave population by 1860 was approximately

4 million

The Southern production of cotton grew from 500,000 bales in 1820 to how many bales in 1860?

5 million

It is estimated that between _____ percent of adult white men could vote in eighteenth-century colonial British America.

50 and 80

It is estimated that between ________ percent of adult white men could vote in eighteenth-century colonial British America.

50 and 80

In today's world, more than ________ of the countries have issued declarations of independence.

50%

On the eve of the Civil War, approximately how much of the world's cotton supply came from the southern United States?

75 percent

Approximately how many Union and Confederate soldiers died during the Civil War?

750,000.

American economic prosperity in the 1920's was driven by the automobile industry. Which of the statements describe the automobile industry in the 1920s?

782 Automobile production tripled during the 1920s. The automobile industry stimulated the expansion of the oil, rubber, and steel industries.

The 1920s was a decade of prosperity and explosive economic growth for the United States. The key driver of the decade's economic prosperity was the agricultural sector.

782-783 False The backbone of American economic growth in the 1920s was the automobile industry. The United States produced 85 percent of the world's automobiles. Half of American families owned cars by 1929.

With Europe still recovering from the Great War during the 1920s, American corporations invested massive amounts of money into overseas interests. Identify the statements that describe American international trade during this time.

782-783 In the 1920s, the U.S. dollar replaced the British pound as the most important currency of international trade. Approximately 40 percent of the world's manufactured goods were made in the United States in the 1920s.

The 1920s were a time of great economic change in the United States. Identify the areas of the American economy that was in decline even before the 1929 stock market crash.

784-785 manufacturing agriculture

Americans spent more and more of their income on leisure activities like vacations, movies, and sporting events. Where was the center of the film industry located?

786 Hollywood

Hollywood functioned like a public relations firm for the United States during the 1920s, broadcasting a slick image of the prosperous "American way of life" around the world. This is an example of what historian Charles Beard described as America "boring its way" into the world's consciousness.

786 True Hollywood films spread images of "the American way of life" across the globe. In high wages, efficient factories, and the mass production of consumer goods, Americans seemed to have discovered the secret of permanent prosperity.

Identify the propaganda tactics used by American Plan supporters to undermine the labor movement.

787 Collective bargaining was declared "an infringement of personal liberty and a menace to the institutions of a free people." The campaign stated that unionism and socialism were linked in an evil plot by sinister foreigners on American life.

With the achievement of woman suffrage in 1920, passing the Equal Rights Amendment became the next objective of the feminist movement. Identify the statements that describe the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA).

787-788 The amendment would eliminate all legal distinctions "on account of sex." The only women's group to support the amendment was the National Woman's Party.

In 1924, a social scientist remarked that the United States had just passed through "one of the most critical ten-year periods" in its history. One of those changes was the disintegration of Progressivism as a political movement and body of thought. Match the intellectuals to their thoughts, writings, or theories on the American body politic.

789-790 They authored Middletown, a study of a typical Midwest town, which demonstrated how citizens prioritized consumption over political engagement.- Robert and Helen Lynd He published two of the most damning indictments of American democracy in the 1920s, Public Opinion and The Phantom Public.- Walter Lippman These scientists pointed to wartime IQ tests that allegedly demonstrated that many Americans were unfit for self-government.- followers of Sigmund Freud

Republican influence in big business and their party's domination of government resulted in a close relationship between big business and the Republican Party.

790 False The Republican presidential administrations of Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge attempted to limit the power of big business's influence on the federal government.

Voter turnout declined as American citizens started to focus more on private issues, including leisure and the consumption of consumer goods, rather than public issues such as politics.

790 True Average voter turnout across the nation fell from 80 percent in 1896 to less than 50 percent by 1924.

William Howard Taft was appointed chief justice of the Supreme Court in 1921. Identify the statements that describe the Supreme Court under Taft.

791 The Court struck down a federal law that barred goods produced by child labor from interstate commerce. In Adkins v. Children's Hospital the Taft Court overturned a minimum wage law.

Identify the statements that describe President Calvin Coolidge and his administration.

791, 794 Coolidge won reelection by a landslide in 1924. Coolidge twice vetoed the McNary-Haugen bill, a legislative priority for farmers.

Read the excerpt from the Majority Opinion, Justice James C. McReynolds, in Meyer v. Nebraska (1923). How does the decision in Meyer v. Nebraska expand the definition of liberty protected by the Fourteenth Amendment?

793 The Court decided that the English language is not a test of United States citizenship nor can it be required. Federal courts needed to overturn laws throughout the country that was meant to restrict immigrants from practicing their religion or culture.

American foreign policy in the 1920s continued to follow Wilson's internationalism tradition, and, as a result, the United States intervened overseas to address human rights violations and provide economic assistance to less-advanced nations.

794-795 False The Republican administrations of the 1920s backed away from the internationalism of Wilson in favor of unilateral actions in the interests of the United States. The United States repeatedly intervened overseas when its economic interests were at stake. This was especially true in Central and South America, as well as the Middle East.

Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing the Boston indecency laws.

796 Boston indecency laws led to the phrase Banned in Boston, which became a term of ridicule among those who supported artistic freedom. The Watch and Ward Committee of Boston banned sixty-five books from area bookstores. The works included some of the greatest literary figures in American history, such as Upton Sinclair, Theodore Dreiser, and Ernest Hemingway.

In the 1920s, the American film industry faced accusations that it promoted immorality. Identify the statements that describe the film industry during the 1920s.

796 Film producers voluntarily censored themselves and sporadically enforced the Hays code. Hollywood producers feared that publicity over divorces, drugs, and sex would lead to government censorship.

Identify the events that took place during the 1920s that demonstrate the limitations to civil liberties at that time.

796 Hundreds of blacks throughout the South were lynched. The arrests of a union leader in New Jersey and 400 IWW members in California. The United States Postal Service removed books from the mail that were deemed inappropriate.

How did the idea of free speech evolve between World War I and the 1920s?

798-799 In the 1920s, the Supreme Court started overturning convictions of people for just expressing their point of view. During WWI, the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) was formed in order to defend the right of dissent, but it wasn't until the 1920s that they were able to successfully mobilize in defense of civil liberties. During WWI, the Supreme Court oppressed free speech, but throughout the 1920s it reconsidered these rules and began to defend the Bill of Rights.

The Supreme Court started to change its view on civil liberties in the 1920s. Identify the decisions that demonstrated this shift in the protection of civil liberties.

798-799 The Court voided a Kansas law that made it a crime to advocate unlawful acts to change the political or economic system. The Court threw out the conviction of Mary Ware Dennett for sending sex education materials through the mail. Anita Whitney of California was imprisoned for attending a communist rally.

Evangelical Protestants in the 1920s felt threatened by new social mores, scientific theories and philosophies, and immigration that challenged their world views. Identify the key beliefs, events, and people during this time.

799-800 made the consumption, possession, and sale of alcohol illegal- Prohibition former professional baseball player and fundamentalist preacher- Billy Sunday a Protestant Christian that believed in the literal translation of the Bible as the basis of Christian belief- fundamentalists modernist preacher of the Riverside Church in New York City- Harry Emerson Fosdick a Protestant Christian that sought to integrate science and religion and adapt Christianity to the secular culture- modernists

Fill in the blanks to complete the sentence describing Prohibition.

800 Fundamentalist Christians strongly supported Prohibition as it greatly reduced the consumption of alcohol, public drunkenness, and the related diseases to its abuse.

The 1925 Scopes trial in Tennessee threw into sharp contrast the division between fundamentalism and modern secular culture. Identify the key groups and people involved in the famous trial.

801-802 a famous defense attorney who defended Scopes- Clarence Darrow encouraged Scopes to teach evolution to test the constitutionality of Tennessee's prohibition on teaching it- American Civil Liberties Union lawyer for the prosecution who was a famous populist politician, former candidate for president, and fundamentalist Christian- Williams Jennings Bryan

During the 1900s and 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan experienced explosive growth as immigrants joined in large numbers to defend traditional American Protestant values.

802-803 False Nearly all white, native born, and Protestant, the Klan numbered over 3 million members by 1925, and its targets were blacks, immigrants, Jews, Catholics, and anyone else they deemed a threat.

Identify the statements that describe the 1924 Johnson-Reed Act.

804 There were no quota limits set on Mexicans because of the demand of farmers that relied on cheap labor. The term "illegal alien" came into use for the first time after the passage of the 1924 Immigration Act. The Border Patrol first came into existence with the passage of the 1924 Immigration Act.

During the Great Migration of World War I, over a million black Americans moved from the rural South to northern urban centers. New York's Harlem gained a reputation as the "capital" of black America. Identify the statements that describe life in Harlem in the 1920s.

807-809 West Indian blacks made up a large portion of the Harlem population. Harlem was dominated by poverty, but it did contain a vibrant black cultural community. A major cultural movement, the Harlem Renaissance, grew out of the area, in which authors and artists explored black culture.

During the 1928 election, a Protestant backlash in the South due to anti-Catholicism led several southern states to vote Republican for the first time ever, helping to propel Hoover to the presidency.

810 True In 1928, Democrat Alfred E. Smith was chosen to run against Republican Herbert Hoover. Smith was the first Catholic nominated by a major political party as a candidate for president of the United States.

In 1932, the U.S. economy hit rock bottom. Identify examples of the effects these economic events had on the United States between 1929 and 1932.

811 U.S. steel fell from $262 a share to just $22, and General Motors' stock dropped from $73 to $8- The Gross National Product (GNP), or value of all goods and services produced in the country, dropped. U.S. steel, which had employed 225,000 people in 1929, had none by 1932. Workers who did have jobs took reduced hours and pay cuts- Unemployment increased. With such high unemployment, there was no demand for products because no one could afford anything (even at reduced costs)- Prices on consumer goods decreased.

The stock market crash of October 1929 itself did not create the Great Depression. There were other indicators that the economy was in serious trouble. Which were long-term indicators of serious trouble prior to October 1929?

811-812 Frenzied real-estate speculation in Florida and California had come to a stop. There was stagnation in new automobile sales and household consumer goods after 1926.

The Depression transformed and shattered the expectations of the "American way of life." Which are examples of the new reality of American life during the Depression years?

812-813 Thousands of Americans formed shantytowns across the country in parks and fields as they had lost their homes. Americans looked for work abroad, as they were unable to find jobs in the United States. The Depression reversed the movement of people from farms to cities.

Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing the protest that took place during the 1930s.

813-814 One of the most notable protests took place in the spring of 1932 as World War I veterans marched from all over the country and converged on Washington, D.C., to demand a bonus payment. The bonus was due these men in 1945, but economic circumstances led them to plead for an early payment. Over 20,000 men and their families formed a Hooverville on the Capitol Mall hoping to be heard. Instead of meeting their demands or listening to their concerns, Hoover called in the U.S. Army, under the command of General Douglas MacArthur, who, by engaging military force, scattered the men and their families.

Identify the statements that describe Hoover's beliefs and actions during the crises of the Great Depression.

814-815 He believed that voluntary steps by business and charity would assist the people and nation through the crises. By 1932, Hoover admitted volunteerism was not working and created the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. Despite no improvement in the day-to-day lives of most people, Hoover put a positive spin on the conditions in the media.

By 1840, approximately ________ percent of adult white men were eligible to vote.

90

In today's society, who best resembles Henry David Thoreau's ideas from his stay at Walden?

A hermit growing an organic garden

According to nineteenth-century American society, who would be a good representative of the "cult of domesticity"?

A housewife

What did Jefferson fear with the passage of the Alien and Sedition Acts?

A hysteria like the Salem witch trials would result.

During the Great Migration of World War I, over a million black Americans moved from the rural South to northern urban centers. New York's Harlem gained a reputation as the "capital" of black America. Identify the statements that describe life in Harlem in the 1920s.

A major cultural movement, the Harlem Renaissance, grew out of the area, in which authors and artists explored black culture. Harlem was dominated by poverty, but it did contain a vibrant black cultural community. West Indian blacks made up a large portion of the Harlem population.

Who in the Pennsylvania colony was eligible to vote?

A majority of the male population.

In the document "The Memorial of the Non-Freeholders of the City of Richmond," what were the freeholders claiming?

A majority of white males were not allowed to vote.

Stephen Douglas's motivation for introducing the Kansas-Nebraska Act was to:

A. Boost effects to build a transcontinental railroad.

The Republican Party founded in the 1850's strongly endorsed the same policy about slavery in the territories that ___________________ had begun advocating in 1846.

A. David Wilmot.

The Free Soil Party:

A. Demonstrated that antislavery sentiment had spread far beyond abolitionist ranks.

In the Lincoln-Douglas debates, what view did Stephen A. Douglas take?

A. If each state, slave or free, only worried about its own status, then there should be harmony.

When Democrats demanded the "reannexation" of Texas in 1844, they:

A. Implied that Texas has once been part of the United States through the Louisiana Purchase.

In the presidential election of 1860, the two candidates who received the most votes in the southern states were:

A. John Breckinridge and John Bell.

The term "Californios" referred in the 1830's and 1840's to _________________ in California.

A. Mexican cattle ranchers.

In 1846, Congressman David Wilmot proposed to:

A. Prohibit slavery from all territory acquired from Mexico.

Who questioned President Polk's right to declare war by introducing a resolution to Congress requesting that the president specify the precise spot where blood had first been shed?

Abraham Lincoln.

Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing the path to World War I.

Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated in June of 1914. After much hand-wringing and indecision on the proper response, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY declared war on Serbia in August of 1914. Europe was entangled in a series of complicated alliances that involved both Serbia and Austria. Serbia was allied with RUSSIA, which was allied with FRANCE. While Britain was in agreement with, but not yet in a formal alliance with France, Austria and its ally GERMANY formed the Central Powers, and by the end of August 1914 all these nations were at war.

With the Gadsden Purchase, whose territory increased in size?

Arizona.

What form of slave resistance did NOT take place? What DID?

Armed revolts petty thievery; work slowdowns; running away

Identify the events that took place during the 1920s that demonstrate the limitations to civil liberties at that time.

Artistic works with sexual themes were censored by the government. The United States Postal Service removed books from the mail that were deemed inappropriate. The film industry adopted the Hays code, which restricted the content of movies.

Slaves used music:

As a means of expressing their dreams and frustrations

The Scottsboro case became an international cause célèbre and highlighted the racism prevalent in the American South. Identify the statements that describe the Scottsboro case.

As a result of the case, the Supreme Court greatly expanded the definition of civil liberties, ensuring that defendants have access to effective representation. The case revolved around nine young black men arrested for the rape of two white women in Alabama in 1931.

Immigration from this region to the United States was not allowed.

Asia

The caning of Charles Sumner by Preston Brooks:

B. Actually helped the new Republican Party.

In the 1850s, which action would be in line with Abraham Lincoln's views on race?

B. An African-American man trains as an artisan and then starts his own business.

Why was the extension of slavery significant politically?

B. Both the North and South wanted to control the Senate.

The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850:

B. Gave new powers to federal officers to override local law enforcement.

During the secession of winter of 1860-1861, who offered the most widely supported compromise plan in Congress, which allowed the westward extension of the Missouri Compromise line?

B. John Crittenden.

When "Fifty-four forty or fight" did not result in gaining all of the Pacific Northwest, who most likely would have been the angriest?

B. Northern Democrats.

How did the territory acquired from the Mexican War promote Thomas Jefferson's earlier idea of an Empire of Liberty?

B. Only people classified as whites gained full rights.

"Fifty-four forty or fight" referred to demands for American control of:

B. Oregon.

The Lecompton Constitution was the:

B. Proslavery constitution proposed from Kansas.

In the nineteenth century, which product was the world's major crop produced by slave labor?

Cotton

What was the most important export from the United States by the mid-nineteenth century?

Cotton

All of the following took place under the constitution and state laws of independent Texas EXCEPT:

D. Allow Native Americans equal rights.

During the 1850's, 80 percent of the world's gold came from two places that experienced gold rushes at about the same time, California and:

D. Australia.

Who argued in a famous debate with South Carolina's Robert Hayne that the people, not the states, created the Constitution?

Daniel Webster.

The North Carolina-born free black whose An Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World won widespread attention was:

David Walker

Southern Democrats held very powerful positions in Congress, and Roosevelt felt it was necessary to placate them to ensure the passage of his New Deal legislation. Identify the statements that describe the political monopoly in the South.

Democratic incumbents were elected election after election, so as a result very few eligible voters bothered to cast ballots in the region. Social Security law excluded agricultural and domestic workers because these were the largest categories of black employment, and southerners wanted to exclude them from the benefits. After blacks lost the right to vote, Republicans had no chance in the South, and as a result Democrats held a political monopoly in the region.

In the late 1850s, a white slaveholder living in Mississippi most likely voted for candidates from which political party?

Democratic.

What did Noah Webster's American Dictionary define as "a state of exemption from the power or control of another"?

Freedom

How did the idea of free speech evolve between World War I and the 1920s?

During WWI, the Supreme Court oppressed free speech, but throughout the 1920s it reconsidered these rules and began to defend the Bill of Rights. During WWI, the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) was formed in order to defend the right of dissent, but it wasn't until the 1920s that they were able to successfully mobilize in defense of civil liberties. In the 1920s, the Supreme Court started overturning convictions of people for just expressing their point of view.

Identify the statements that accurately describe the United States' foreign policy in relation to decolonization efforts after WWII.

During the Cold War, the United States rarely encouraged and supported repressed colonial peoples throughout the world to strive for political freedom. Although the United States granted freedom to the Philippines in 1946, as the Cold War developed, the United States backed away from promoting global decolonization.

By 1856, the Republic Party included individuals who had been, until rather recently, members of each of the following political groups EXCEPT:

E. Federalists.

Who wrote "On Civil Disobedience" as a response to the U.S. war with Mexico?

E. Henry David Thoreau.

Which of the following puts these events in the proper chronological order, from first to last?

E. II, IV, III, I. II. Abraham Lincoln was elected president. IV. South Carolina seceded from the Union. III. Confederate States of America formed. I. Virginia seceded from the Union.

In 1821, the opening of the Santa Fe Trail between Santa Fe and _____________ led to a reorientation of New Mexico's commerce from the rest of Mexico to the United States.

E. Independence, Missouri.

What attracted voters to the Know-Nothing Party?

E. Its denunciation of Roman Catholic Immigrants.

Who was responsible for the 1856 Pottawatomie Creek Massacre in Kansas and led the raid on the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in 1859?

E. John Brown.

Which event sparked Abraham Lincoln to reenter politics?

E. Kansas-Nebraska Act.

The Republican free labor ideology:

E. Led to the argument by Abraham Lincoln and William Seward that free labor and slave labor were essentially incompatible.

Which American naval officer negotiated a treaty that opened two Japanese ports to U.S. ships in 1854?

E. Matthew Perry.

On matters related to citizenship, the U.S. Supreme Court declared in Dred Scott that:

E. Only white persons could be U.S. citizens.

The California Gold Rush turned _________________ into perhaps the world's most diverse city.

E. San Francisco.

For the South in the 1830's, making the Texas territory part of the United States could potentially be most beneficial in what way?

E. Several slave states could be created out of Texas.

The Wilmot Proviso, admission of California into the Union, and the Missouri Compromise focused on what?

E. The extension of slavery was a volatile issue.

Presidents Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren rejected adding Texas to the United States because:

E. The presence of slaves there would reignite the issue of slavery, and they preferred to avoid it.

The famous Lincoln-Douglas debates took place during the campaign for:

E. U.S. senator from Illinois in 1858.

Why were the Know-Nothings unable to curb the political influence of Irish immigrants?

E. Voting rights were being determined by race.

Daniel Webster insisted that the national government had been created by an agreement between sovereign states, each of which retained the right to prevent the enforcement within its borders of acts of Congress that exceeded the powers specifically spelled out in the document. T/F

False

Which right was heavily influenced by the American Revolutionary period?

Freedom from cruel and unusual punishment.

During the reign of ________, the English government turned its attention to North America by granting charters to Humphrey Gilbert and Walter Raleigh for the establishment of colonies there.

Elizabeth I

What best characterizes slavery in the North during the Revolutionary era?

Ending slavery was a long, drawn-out process.

In regard to conflicts, which European power was most thorough at removing Indians from the land?

England

Which of the following best sums up population diversity in colonial English America?

England originally promoted emigration to the colonies as a means of ridding itself of excess population but cut back in the eighteenth century.

When comparing English colonies to Spanish ones:

England sent more people to the Americas in the seventeenth century.

How did Richard Hakluyt explain his claim that there was a connection between freedom and colonization? .

English colonization would save the New World from Spanish tyranny.

What did Neolin tell his people they must reject?

European technology and material goods

After the American Revolution, Nova Scotia and Quebec became part of the United States.

False

After the war, abolition of slavery in the North was swift and applied to all slaves.

False

Agriculture did not come to the American continents in Mexico and Peru until approximately one thousand years ago.

False

Agriculture did not come to the American continents, around Mexico and Peru, until around 1000 C.E.

False

Although New Orleans was the only city of significant size in the South, it did not have a rich immigrant culture. T/F

False

Although a few were outraged by the Stamp Act, most politically active colonists actually supported it.

False

American foreign policy in the 1920s continued to follow Wilson's internationalism tradition, and, as a result, the United States intervened overseas to address human rights violations and provide economic assistance to less-advanced nations. T or F?

False

American troops played a key role in the Battle of Berlin, cutting off German reinforcements from East Prussia.

False

Andrew Jackson was Harvard educated but was able to portray himself to the American people as a common man. T/F

False

Andrew Jackson's vision of democracy excluded blacks but included Indians. T/F

False

Anglicization meant that the colonial elites rejected all things British

False

Anglicization meant that the colonial elites rejected all things British.

False

As a general rule, slaveowners never allowed their slaves to listen to a white preacher in church. T/F

False

As in the Spanish empire, British North America developed a distinctive mulatto, or mixed-race, class.

False

As it divided over the issue of slavery, the Catholic Church broke into a northern and southern branch. T/F

False

As one of the few southern white elite men who did not own slaves, Thomas Jefferson was able to honestly declare that all men had inalienable rights.

False

As women began to take an active role in abolition, public speaking for women became socially acceptable to most Americans. T/F

False

At the time of independence, the nation was largely urban, with most of its population residing in the large seacoast cities.

False

Because Americans were preoccupied with war, religious liberty was a rather peripheral issue in the 1770s and 1780s.

False

The one important area of the economy that Roosevelt's New Deal legislation failed to act on was the housing industry. Roosevelt firmly believed that families and private enterprise had dealt well with housing during the Great Depression, and he was afraid government action would actually cause problems where they did not exist. T or F?

False

The participants at Seneca Falls embraced the identification of the home as the women's "sphere." T/F

False

The religious emotionalism of the Great Awakening was confined to the American colonies in the mid-eighteenth century.

False

The respective Canadian and Mexican governments regularly returned escaped slaves to southern slaveholders. T/F

False

The transatlantic slave trade was not a vital part of world commerce.

False

There was a significant increase in the American birthrate during the nineteenth century. T/F

False

Thomas Jefferson's declaration that "all men are created equal" did not radically alter society.

False

Thomas Paine wrote Common Sense as a response to Thomas Jefferson's Declaration of Independence.

False

To show gratitude for their invaluable contribution to the war effort, the Continental Congress awarded women universal suffrage.

False

True or False: Louisiana's slaves enjoyed far more freedom under the liberty-loving United States than under the rule of tyrannical Spain.

False

True or False: When Thomas Jefferson became president, he was not interested in dismantling the policies that the Federalists had established.

False

Unlike most previous presidents, James Polk was not a slaveholder. T/F

False

When the Edict of Nantes, which had granted religious toleration to French Protestants (Huguenots), was revoked in 1685, 100,000 Huguenots fled France for New France.

False

William Penn believed in equality and liberty, but not for Indians or blacks.

False

With the end of the war, American society expected that the employment changes the war had brought for women would continue.

False

Women and blacks fully enjoyed the fruits of the market revolution. T/F

False

World War I led to the difficult question of balancing security with liberty. Wilson portrayed the war as a fight for liberty and for protecting our freedoms, yet it led to some of the worst examples of repression and violations of basic civil liberties in American history. Wilson was so sure of his own virtue and the virtue of his cause that he saw any questioning or disagreement as treason. Fill in the blanks to complete the passage about the violation of civil liberties during World War I.

For the first time since the Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798, the federal government enacted laws to restrict freedom of speech. The ESPIONAGE ACT OF 1917 prohibited not only spying and interfering with the draft but also "false statements" that might impede military success. That was followed in 1918 by the SEDITION ACT, which made it a crime to make spoken or printed statements that intended to cast "contempt, scorn, or disrepute" on the "form of government," or that advocated interference in the war effort.

World War I led to the difficult question of balancing security with liberty. Wilson portrayed the war as a fight for liberty and for protecting our freedoms, yet it led to some of the worst examples of repression and violations of basic civil liberties in American history. Wilson was so sure of his own virtue and the virtue of his cause that he saw any questioning or disagreement as treason. Fill in the blanks to complete the passage about the violation of civil liberties during World War I.

For the first time since the Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798, the federal government enacted laws to restrict freedom of speech. The Espionage Act of 1917 prohibited not only spying and interfering with the draft but also "false statements" that might impede military success. That was followed in 1918 by the Sedition Act, which made it a crime to make spoken or printed statements that intended to cast "contempt, scorn, or disrepute" on the "form of government," or that advocated interference in the war effort.

Identify the statements that describe President Calvin Coolidge and his administration.

Foreign affairs continued to reflect the close working relationship between business and government. Coolidge won reelection by a landslide in 1924.

Evangelical Protestants in the 1920s felt threatened by new social mores, scientific theories and philosophies, and immigration that challenged their world views. Identify the key beliefs, events, and people during this time.

Former professional baseball player and fundamentalist preacher Correct label: Billy Sunday a Protestant Christian that sought to integrate science and religion and adapt Christianity to the secular culture Correct label: modernists made the consumption, possession, and sale of alcohol illegal Correct label: Prohibition a Protestant Christian that believed in the literal translation of the Bible as the basis of Christian belief Correct label: fundamentalists

A key consequence of the Battle of Saratoga in October 1777 was:

France becoming an ally to the United States.

The French and Indian War began because some American colonists felt that:

France was encroaching on land claimed by the Ohio Company

The French and Indian War began because some American colonists felt that:

France was encroaching on land claimed by the Ohio Company.

The "quasi-war" was a war of the United States against:

France.

People from ________ were most likely to go to other European countries or rival colonies before settling in one of their own ________ colonies.

France; French

Exploring the North American interior in the 1500s, ________ was the first European to encounter the immense herds of buffalo that roamed the Great Plains.

Francisco Vásquez de Coronado

The stock market crash of October 1929 itself did not create the Great Depression. There were other indicators that the economy was in serious trouble. Which were long-term indicators of serious trouble prior to October 1929?

Frenzied real-estate speculation in Florida and California had come to a stop. There was stagnation in new automobile sales and household consumer goods after 1926.

In what way was Puritan church membership a restrictive status?

Full membership required demonstrating that one had experienced divine grace.

The most famous great Awakening revivalist minster was:

George Whitefield

Who pioneered an extremely emotional style of preaching?

George Whitefield

The most famous Great Awakening revivalist minister was:

George Whitefield.

Which state would have been pleased by both the New Jersey Plan and the three-fifths clause?

Georgia.

Which nation was excluded from membership in the United Nations Security Council?

Germany

The majority of the nearly 4 million immigrants that entered the United States between 1840 and 1860 were from:

Germany and Ireland

Lincoln spoke of "a new birth of freedom" for the nation in his:

Gettysburg Address.

The language (with mixed African roots) spoken by African-American slaves on the rice plantations of South Carolina and Georgia during the eighteenth century was known as:

Gullah

The Haitian slave revolt was successful and the attempts by Denmark Vesey and Nat Turner ultimately failed because:

Haiti had a population that was primarily of African heritage while most of the United States had a higher percentage of whites

German-Americans bore the brunt of forced Americanization and nationalism during and after World War I. Which of the following best represent ways that Americans sought to enforce their culture on immigrants?

Hamburgers became known as "liberty sandwiches." The vast majority of the states enacted laws restricting the teaching of foreign languages.

Warren G. Harding took the office of the presidency in 1921, promising to return the country to "normalcy" after the era of Progressive reform and world war, but his administration quickly became one of the most corrupt in American history. Identify the controversial events and personal scandals that took place during his presidency.

Harding's Secretary of the Interior was convicted of a felony for accepting payments from businessmen to whom he leased government oil reserves. Attorney General Harry Daugherty accepted payments not to prosecute accused criminals.

During the Great Migration of World War I, over a million black Americans moved from the rural South to northern urban centers. New York's Harlem gained a reputation as the "capital" of black America. Identify the statements that describe life in Harlem in the 1920s.

Harlem was dominated by poverty, but it did contain a vibrant black cultural community. A major cultural movement, the Harlem Renaissance, grew out of the area, in which authors and artists explored black culture. West Indian blacks made up a large portion of the Harlem population.

During the Great Migration of World War I, over a million black Americans moved from the rural South to northern urban centers. New York's Harlem gained a reputation as the "capital" of black America. Identify the statements that describe life in Harlem in the 1920s.

Harlem was dominated by poverty, but it did contain a vibrant black cultural community. West Indian Blacks made up a large portion of the harlem population. A major cultural movement, the Harlem Renaissance, grew out of the area, in which authors and artists expored black culture.

Joseph McCarthy launched his witch hunt against the State Department with a list of 205 communists. They were all found guilty and an anticommunist hero was born.

He accused the U.S. Army of harboring communists.

What led to the political downfall of Joseph McCarthy's crusade against communists within the U.S. government?

He accused the U.S. Army of harboring communists.

In a famous speech to Parliament, the British statesman Edmund Burke said what regarding a link between slavery and liberty for American colonists?

He argued that the colonists were sensitive to threats to their liberties because they were so familiar with slavery.

How did John Locke reconcile his belief in natural rights and his support for slavery?

He believed that the free individual in liberal thought was the propertied white man.

Identify the statements that describe Hoover's beliefs and actions during the crises of the Great Depression.

He believed that voluntary steps by business and charity would assist the people and nation through the crises. Despite no improvement in the day-to-day lives of most people, Hoover put a positive spin on the conditions in the media. By 1932, Hoover admitted volunteerism was not working and created the Reconstruction Finance Corporation.

Identify the statements that describe Hoover's beliefs and actions during the crises of the Great Depression.

He believed that voluntary steps by business and charity would assist the people and nation through the crises. Despite no improvement in the day-to-day lives of most people, Hoover put a positive spin on the conditions in the media. By 1932, Hoover admitted volunteerism was not working and created the Reconstruction Finance Corporation.

Identify the statements that describe Hoover's beliefs and actions during the crises of the Great Depression.

He believed that voluntary steps by business and charity would assist the people and nation through the crises. Despite no improvement in the day to day lives of most people, Hoover put a positive spin on the conditions in the media. By 1937, Hoover admitted volunteerism was not working and created the reconstruction Finance Corporation.

How did the colonial elite view their role in society?

It meant the power to rule—the right of those blessed with wealth and prominence to dominate others.

Not all voices of protest came from the unions. Identify the political agendas of the following individuals.

He called for the state to utilize disused factories, farms, and homes to create cooperative ventures to provide jobs for the unemployed. Correct label: Upton Sinclair He won wide support for a plan that would issue $200 to older Americans with the requirement they immediately spend it to boost the economy. Correct label: Dr. Francis Townsend He called for a restructuring of the American economy in which wealth would be confiscated and redistributed to provide $5,000 grants and guaranteed jobs with annual salaries. Correct label: Huey Long

After escaping slavery in the South, what was the primary reason why Henry "Box" Brown moved to England?

He feared being recaptured.

Before his execution, how did Nat Turner see himself?

He felt he was dying for the sin of slavery.

How did Robert Owen first establish himself?

He founded a model factory village in Scotland.

What geographic error did Columbus make?

He grossly underestimated the size of the earth.

What did James Madison aim to accomplish with the protections of both public and private liberties?

He hoped to avoid more unrest like Shays's Rebellion.

What could be one possible reason that Robert E. Lee invaded the North in 1863?

He hoped to deliver a knockout blow to the Union.

How does the Bank War demonstrate that Andrew Jackson enhanced the power of the presidency?

He identified himself as the symbolic representative of all the people with his veto message that appealed directly to the public.

What did the Reverend Charles C. Jones of Georgia do that made him different from most other slaveowners?

He improved slave housing and medical care.

As a general, what was George McClellan's biggest contribution to the Union's ultimate victory?

He molded the Army of the Potomac into an effective fighting force.

Besides preserving the Union, how else has Lincoln's legacy lived on in today's America?

He overcame regional differences to build a new nation-state.

What was President Martin Van Buren's new solution to the problem of what to do about the federal government's relationship to banking?

He proposed that federal funds be controlled by government officials rather than by bankers.

After becoming president, how did Thomas Jefferson deal with the Federalists?

He tried to roll back almost everything they had done by cutting taxes and the size of government.

Why did King Henry VIII break from the Catholic Church?

He wanted a divorce, and the Pope refused to grant it.

How did John Locke influence slave holders?

He wanted to convert all slaves to Christianity.

Why did Jefferson address the Declaration of Independence to the "opinions of mankind"?

He wanted to reach a worldwide audience.

Which of the following statements about Martin Van Buren is true?

He wanted to see competition between political parties.

In what way were the following individuals affected by the anticommunist hysteria of the 1950s?

He was denied a passport to entertain people overseas. Correct label: Paul Robeson His power with the FBI grew to enormous proportions. Correct label: J. Edgar Hoover He was indicted for failing to register as an agent of the Soviet Union. Correct label: W. E. B. Du Bois The book featuring this character was banned from public libraries for its procommunist message. Correct label: Robin Hood

What helped to encourage Richard Allen to establish the African Methodist Episcopal Church?

He was forcibly removed from praying at the altar rail at his former place of worship.

How did Thomas Jefferson react to Shays's Rebellion?

He was not alarmed, seeing it as a positive for the United States.

What was NOT true of life as a household slave? What WAS?

House servants often were the last to leave their former plantations after emancipation Female household servants were especially vulnerable to sexual abuse; House servants resented their isolation and lack of privacy; House servants often ate and slept in the "big house"

The South had a "colonial" economy in that:

It produced raw materials and purchased finished products

Which one of the following is true of the Virginia Plan?

It proposed a two-house legislature, with population determining representation in each house.

The first English Navigation Act, adopted during the rule of Oliver Cromwell:

aimed to wrest control of world trade from the Dutch.

In "Voices of Freedom," the writer of "Memorial against Non-English Immigration" might find some common ground with the Swiss-German who wrote a letter home to his family in 1769. What could they have in common?

If the Swiss-German was Protestant, he might share a fear of Catholicism with the other writer.

William Howard Taft was appointed chief justice of the Supreme Court in 1921. Identify the statements that describe the Supreme Court under Taft.

In Adkins v. Children's Hospital the Taft Court overturned a minimum wage law. The Court struck down a federal law that barred goods produced by child labor from interstate commerce.

William Howard Taft was appointed chied justice of the Supreme Court in 1921. Identify the statements that describe the Supreme Court under Taft.

In Adkins v. Children's Hospital the Traft Court overturned a minimum wage law. The Court strucl down a federal law that barred goods produced by the child labor from interstate commerce.

What does this map reveal about the U.S. military intervention in the Caribbean from 1898 to 1941?

In addition to military oversight, the United States also exerted its power by overseeing the financial dealings of countries in the Caribbean. While the United States was active in the Caribbean Islands and Central America, it didn't interfere in the affairs of countries in South America. The United States gained control over territories in the Caribbean through leases, seizures, and purchases.

How did the idea of free speech evolve between World War I and the 1920s?

In the 1920s, the Supreme Court started overturning convictions of people for just expressing their point of view. During WWI, the Supreme Court oppressed free speech, but throughout the 1920s it reconsidered these rules and began to defend the Bill of Rights. During WWI, the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) was formed in order to defend the right of dissent, but it wasn't until the 1920s that they were able to successfully mobilize in defense of civil liberties.

With Europe still recovering from the Great War during the 1920s, American corporations invested massive amounts of money into overseas interests. Identify the statements that describe American international trade during this time.

In the 1920s, the U.S. dollar replaced the British pound as the most important currency of international trade. Approximately 40 percent of the world's manufactured goods were made in the United States in the 1920s.

When comparing colonial slavery to nineteenth-century slavery, what was a major difference?

In the colonial period, slaves rarely worked in cotton fields.

The South in 1860, in contrast to 1800, had become:

Increasingly unlike the North and increasingly sensitive to criticism

In the late nineteenth century, what significantly increased freedoms and rights for Americans?

Indentured servitude had declined.

In 1821, the opening of the Santa Fe Trail between Santa Fe and ________ led to a reorientation of New Mexico's commerce from the rest of Mexico to the United States.

Independence, Missouri

In 1776, Adam Smith observed what fact about the Western Hemisphere?

Indians had suffered great misfortunes.

What virtue would a Southern plantation owner be least likely to champion in himself?

Industry

Identify how the Good Neighbor Policy of the 1930s sought to improve relations between the United States and Latin America.

It reduces U.S. military intervention

After Truman gained support for the Truman Doctrine in 1947, this foreign policy informed American foreign policy in several critical ways. Identify the ramifications of Truman's initiative.

It set a precedent for the United States to support and assist anticommunist regimes—no matter how undemocratic those regimes might be. It began a long period of bipartisan support for the containment policy. The United States assumed a permanent global responsibility.

What was unusual about the Embargo Act of 1807?

It stopped all American vessels from sailing to foreign ports- an amazing use of federal power, especially by a president supposedly dedicated to a weak central government.

________ described best the actions of the Puritan leaders in Massachusetts Bay.

Intolerant

German-Americans bore the brunt of forced Americanization and nationalism during and after World War I. Which of the following best represent ways that Americans sought to enforce their culture on immigrants?

Iowa passed a law requiring all public conversations to be conducted in English. Hamburgers became known as "liberty sandwiches."

By the end of the seventeenth century, who was most successful at using diplomacy in securing rights to use land?

Iroquois

Which indigenous group formed the Great League of Peace?

Iroquois

What was the name of the vibrant community of former slaves freed by Virginian Richard Randolph?

Israel Hill

what was the name of the vibrant community of former slaves freed by Virginian Richard Randolph?

Israel Hill

In regard to slavery, what did the Constitution do?

It allowed slavery but also contained a potential method to end slavery.

Support for the separation of church and state resulted in what?

It brought together two dichotomous groups: Deists and evangelicals.

What happened to Jamestown during Bacon's Rebellion?

It burned to the ground

How did the Revolutionary War change the meaning of freedom?

It challenged the inequality that had been fundamental to the colonial social order.

Although most whites did not own slaves, most supported the plantation system because:

It controlled the slaves; they had economic ties to it; slaveholder and non-slaveholder were often related

How did the Soviet Union respond when the United States, Great Britain, and France introduced a separate currency in their zones within occupied Berlin?

It cut off all road and rail traffic into the city of Berlin

Which of the following statements about the "Fifth Freedom" are correct?

It embraced the concept of free enterprise as being central to prosperity. The advancement of this ideal came from the private sector. It equated consumer choice with liberty and democracy.

What was the Underground Railroad?

It employed encrypted codes and clearly defined routes and stations.

Under the leadership of Commissioner of Indian Affairs John Collier, the administration launched the Indian New Deal. Identify the statements that describe the Indian New Deal.

It ended the policy of forced assimilation and allowed Indians unprecedented cultural autonomy. It ended the policy of dividing Indian lands into small plots for individual families and selling the rest.

What did the Morrill Land Grant College Act establish?

It gave free land to white settlers.

Which of the following is a true statement about the Atlantic slave trade's effect in West Africa?

It helped lead to the rise of militarized states in West Africa, whose large armies preyed upon their neighbors in order to capture slaves.

Why was the death rate in early Jamestown incredibly high?

It lay beside a malarial swamp.

What was the experience of African-Americans during World War II, either in combat or at home?

It marked the first time American society saw that it had established a system of master races that oppressed non-whites. It reshaped the racial map of the United States, with millions of African-Americans moving to the North and West from the South.

What was the Freedom Train, and how did it reflect the political and social concerns of the time?

It was a patriotic endeavor originally organized by the government. It demonstrated the shifting views of freedom as the government became suspicious of people who criticized the Freedom Train. It consisted of 133 American historical documents that traveled by train all over the country during a year and a half.

What made the Burlingame Treaty unique?

It was actually a declaration of war against China.

According to the Wilson Administration, America's war aims were so virtuous they should not be challenged. Identify the examples of "coercive patriotism" that took place during World War I.

It was illegal in many states to possess a communist or anarchist flag. Teachers were required to sign loyalty oaths and revise their curriculum to ensure they were patriotic. Members of the newly formed American Protective League supported the Justice Department's efforts to root out radicals and critics by spying on their neighbors.

What would have been an accurate assessment of the Monroe Doctrine at the time?

It was more talk than action, as the United States was weak militarily.

What was the significance of the Empress of China?

It was the first American-flag-flying ship to trade with China.

Identify the significance of NATO for the United States and Europe.

It was the first long-term military alliance between the United States and Europe since the American Revolution.

Identify the statements that describe the 1948 presidential election.

It was the last election in which a full spectrum of political ideologies was presented to the American electorate. Based on the political polling of the time, Dewey was expected to defeat Truman easily.

What was the most significant reason why Thomas Jefferson wanted public education and the creation of the University of Virginia?

It would raise up the general populace, making the people more informed voters.

had the largest immigrant population in the United States in 1914

Italy

What attracted voters to the Know-Nothing Party?

Its denunciation of Roman Catholic immigrants.

Which of the following is NOT true of the Great Awakening?

Its more subdued style of preaching appealed to a wider audience than the older, bombastic style employed by the Puritans.

Identify the statements that describe the GI Bill of Rights.

Its purpose was to avoid the economic instability that followed World War I. It led to a massive increase in college attendance after the war.

Identify the statements below that are accurate with regard to the Manhattan Project.

Its purpose was to discover ways to access the potentially vast amounts of energy contained within the atom. As vice president, Harry Truman had no knowledge of its existence.

Why did Mississippi politician Jefferson Davis object in the 1850s to the original design of the Statue of Freedom that now adorns the U.S. Capitol dome?

Its use of an ancient Roman liberty cap on "Freedom" raised a touchy matter about slaves' longing for freedom.

During Truman's first administration, throughout the opening salvos of the Cold War, the concept of freedom for all Americans was hotly debated across the political spectrum within the United States. Which of the following events were part of this great debate about the hallmarks of American freedom?

Jackie Robinson integrates Major League Baseball. Truman integrates the U.S. Armed Forces. To Secure These Rights is issued, indicting American society for its racial inequality.

Which of the following assessments of Jackson's opposition to the Bank of the United States is true?

Jackson was motivated by a Jeffersonian philosophy but acted in a Hamiltonian way.

What triggered the Panic of 1837?

Jackson's war on the national bank.

Who was a prominent antebellum advocate of southern economic independence from Northern industry?

James B.D. De Bow

Who took detailed notes of the Constitutional Convention, which were published more than 50 years after the proceedings?

James Madison.

Virtually every founding father owned at least one slave at some point in his life. Who was a notable exception?

John Adams.

In the 1860 election, who was the presidential candidate to have significant support in all parts of the country?

John Breckinridge.

Who was responsible for the 1856 Pottawatomie Creek Massacre in Kansas and led the raid on the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in 1859?

John Brown.

Which Union general in Missouri decreed freedom to that state's slaves in 1861, a year before Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation?

John Frémont.

By saying all humans are "moral beings," Angelina Grimké was in a way extending what concept?

John Locke's idea that all men had natural rights.

Which president's vision for America most resembled Alexander Hamilton's plans?

John Quincy Adams

Why was Andrew Johnson acquitted on charges of impeachment?

Johnson's lawyers assured moderate Republicans that he would behave for the rest of his term, so several voted to acquit him.

Seeing themselves as a chosen people, blacks viewed which Biblical story as playing a central role in their version of Christianity?

Jonah and the Whale

Who argued that "true liberty" could only be achieved by remaining in the British Empire?

Joseph Galloway

The Book of Mormon states that:

Joseph Smith was divine

According to the Mormons, who was God's prophet?

Joseph Smith.

Which event sparked Abraham Lincoln's reentry into politics?

Kansas-Nebraska Act.

The first battlefield of the Cold War was the -. While Douglas MacArthur was considered a hero after his amphibious landing at -, he was later removed from command for criticizing the -. When - forces intervened, UN forces were overwhelmed, and the war eventually ended in a - at the original boundary of the two Koreas.

Korean War, Inchon, president, Chinese, stalemate

In 1932, the U.S. economy hit rock bottom. Identify examples of the effects these economic events had on the United States between 1929 and 1932.

Label: The Gross National Product(GNP), or value of all goods and services produced in the country, dropped.

What was the biggest motivating factor in moving westward in the 1820s and 1830s?

Land was cheaper

Which of the following was true of poverty in the colonial period?

Limited supplies of land, especially for inheritance, contributed to poverty.

Analyzing the maneuvering of Jefferson Davis and Abraham Lincoln around Fort Sumter, who was superior?

Lincoln made the South look like the aggressor.

From Abraham Lincoln's life, which would be an example from the old economy when compared to the newly transformed market economy?

Lincoln settling family debt by doing labor for the neighbor.

After comparing the presidencies of Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Davis, what conclusion can be made?

Lincoln was pragmatic in his decision making.

In what part of the South was sugar cultivated?

Louisiana and Texas

Alexander Hamilton's long term goal was to:

Make the United States a major commercial and military power.

When European clergy read to Native Americans from the Bible about God creating the world in six days, was there anything relatable for Native Americans?

Many Native Americans concurred with the idea of a single supreme being creating the world.

Which statement about Nat Turner's Rebellion is true

Many southern whites were in a panic after the rebellion.

Which of the following is true of the American response to Toussaint L'Ouverture's slave uprising, which led to the establishment of Haiti as an independent nation in 1804?

Many white Americans considered L'Ouverture's uprising to be evidence of black's unfitness for republican freedom.

Which colony adopted the Act concerning Religion in 1649, which institutionalized the principle of religious toleration?

Maryland

Which colony had its charter revoked because of mismanagement, according to King William?

Massachusetts

In 1854, the Know-Nothings won all the congressional races as well as the governorship in:

Massachusetts.

Which American naval officer negotiated a treaty that opened two Japanese ports to U.S. ships in 1854?

Matthew Perry.

What kind of social resentments are evident in McCarthy's speech?

McCarthy resented people who were part of the elite class and who were financially well off, and as a result had access to top institutions in the country.

According to the Wilson Administration, America's war aims were so virtuous they should not be challenged. Identify the examples of "coercive patriotism" that took place during World War I.

Members of the newly formed American Protective League supported the Justice Department's efforts to root out radicals and critics by spying on their neighbors. It was illegal in many states to possess a communist or anarchist flag. Teachers were required to sign loyalty oaths and revise their curriculum to ensure they were patriotic.

Which denomination enjoyed the largest membership in the United States by the 1840s?

Methodist.

In approximately 7000 BCE, agriculture developed in the Americas in:

Mexico and Peru.

A substantial difference between the Spanish colonies in Mexico and Santa Fe was that:

Mexico had more Spanish settlers because of gold.

From 1848 to 1860, most of the railroad construction was in which region?

Midwest

The Plessy v. Ferguson doctrine of "separate but equal" had permeated American society since the turn of the twentieth century. Put in chronological order the U.S. Supreme Court cases that chiseled away at the Court's previous decision.

Missouri ex rel. Gaines v. Canada; Mendez v. Westminster; Sweatt v. Painter; Brown v. Board of Education

Identify the statements that describe the "race problem" before and during World War I in the United States.

Most Progressives believed that democracy wouldn't survive in a country divided along racial lines. Pseudo-science attempted to explain the dangers or virtues of different races and categorize them according to their relative worth. American citizens felt that their entire culture and political system were under assault by waves of new immigrants.

How would one describe the men who attended the Constitutional Convention?

Most had more wealth than the average American.

Compare immigration to the United States in the 1840s and 1850s to the present day. Is there a similarity?

Most immigrants in both centuries sought better economic opportunities.

What was NOT a reason why non-slaveholders generally tended to accept the slavery system? What WAS

Most southern white men were cut off from the democratic process Small farmers depended on plantations for credit and markets; Many southern whites aspired to be slave-owners nonetheless; Poor whites derived satisfaction from the doctrine of white supremacy

A slave that worked primarily in cotton fields most likely lived in:

Natchez, Mississippi

Identify the ways in which the Cold War profoundly affected American life for a half-century.

National security became the stated reason for aiding higher education and building a new highway system. The military-industrial complex developed during WWII became permanent.

Which argument in the petitions of slaves to the Massachusetts legislature employed the principles of the American Revolution?

Natural rights were universal.

The Civil War proved to be disastrous for which noncombatants?

Navajos.

Which of the following terms were agreed to at the Potsdam conference of 1945?

Nazi leaders would face war-crime trials. After the war, Germany was to come under Allied military government.

Acoma was an Indian city in present-day ________ that the Spanish destroyed.

New Mexico

During the War of 1812, America's greatest success in a land battle against the British took place where?

New Orleans

The Erie Canal gave which city primacy over competing ports in accessing trade with the Northwest?

New York

In Gibbons v. Ogden, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that:

New York could not grant a monopoly on steamboat navigation between New York and New Jersey.

During World War I, more than 500,000 African-Americans moved to the North seeking better jobs and an escape from the segregated South in what has been called "The Great Migration." What does the table reveal about the African-American population in the United States between 1910 and 1920?

New York had the largest African-American population in 1910 and 1920. Detroit's black population grew at the fastest rate. Large cities across the Northeast and Midwest experienced substantial growth in their African-American populations between 1910 and 1920.

During World War I, more than 500,000 African-Americans moved to the North seeking better jobs and an escape from the segregated South in what has been called "The Great Migration." What does the table reveal about the African-American population in the United States between 1910 and 1920?

New York had the largest African-American population in 1910 and 1920. Large cities across the Northeast and Midwest experienced substantial growth in their African-American populations between 1910 and 1920. Detroit's black population grew at the fastest rate.

What was a general belief of the Democrats in the 1830s?

New corporate enterprises were suspicious.

Who was the president of the Second Bank of the United States in 1832?

Nicholas Biddle

Which of the following groups spoke out against Japanese-American internment during World War II?

No group did

which of the following stories did NOT play a central role in black christianity

Noah and Ark

In which region of the United States was Dewey's political popularity the strongest in 1948?

Northeast

When "Fifty-four forty or fight" did not result in gaining all of the Pacific Northwest, who most likely would have been the angriest?

Northern Democrats.

The major Confederate army in the East, commanded by Robert E. Lee, was called the Army of:

Northern Virginia.

Besides ending slavery, the Civil War had what result?

Northern capitalists and industrialists came to dominate on the national scene, taking power away from the former southern slaveholder.

Why could someone argue that the North was complicit in the expansion of slavery?

Northern factory demand for cotton steadily increased.

What role did slaves play with the Confederate army?

Numerous slaves worked as laborers for the Confederate military.

How did the territory acquired from the Mexican War promote Thomas Jefferson's earlier idea of an Empire of Liberty?

Only people classified as whites gained full rights.

"Fifty-four forty or fight" referred to demands for American control of:

Oregon.

The idea of leveling the playing field between worker and management was best personified in the writings of which American?

Orestes Brownson.

Identify the statements that describe the construction of the Panama Canal.

Over 60,000 workers labored on the construction of the Panama Canal. It involved widespread immigrant labor.

Identify the statements that describe the construction of the Panama Canal.

Over 60,000 workers labored on the construction of the Panama Canal. The best jobs were reserved for white Americans.

Who was most likely to build the best relationships with the Native Americans?

Pilgrims

Which of the following is true of eighteenth-century slavery in South Carolina and Georgia? .

Plantation slaves enjoyed far more autonomy than they did in other colonies, allowing them to maintain more of their African culture.

Which of the following is true of eighteenth century slavery in South Carolina and Georgia?

Plantations slaves enjoyed far more autonomy than they did in other colonies, allowing them to maintain more of they African culture.

Neolin, a Delaware Indian and religious prophet, helped inspire _____ Rebellion in 1763.

Pontiac's

Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa were brothers who:

Preached a militant message to Native Americans early in the 19th century

With such high unemployment, there was no demand for products because no one could afford anything (even at reduced costs).

Prices on consumer goods decreased.

Identify the experiences of the following ethnic groups during World War I.

Progressive intellectuals, social scientists, labor reformers, and suffrage advocates paid little heed to this large minority. -African-Americans The San Francisco school board ordered all Asian students confined to a single public school. -Asian-Americans Wartime demand for labor increased immigration of this group in the Southwest. -Mexican-Americans

What historical evidence demonstrates that blacks were being held as slaves for life by the 1640s?

Property registers list white servants with the number of years they were to work, but blacks (with higher valuations) had no terms of service associated with their names.

What was "the first object of government," according to James Madison?

Protect property rights.

World War I and the importance placed on nationalism in politics created a backlash against ethnic and racial differences in the United States. Identify the examples of "Americanization" that took place in the country.

Public schools paid special attention to the children of immigrants in attempt to teach them American values. The Fourth of July was renamed Loyalty Day, and ethnic groups had to participate in patriotic pageants. Employers regularly assessed how American their employees were and forced immigrants to enroll in English-language courses.

In 1608, Samuel de Champlain founded:

Quebec

In an 1840 letter written from Canada, fugitive slave Joseph Taper asked for divine blessings upon:

Queen Victoria

What does Roosevelt mean by the difference between the definition of liberty that has existed in the past and his own "broader definition of liberty"?

Roosevelt felt that his New Deal walked a fine line between too much government and too little. Roosevelt equated freedom with economic security and independence, and rejected the liberty of contract, which served the interests of "the privileged few."

Identify the imagery in the cartoon that offers a critique of Theodore Roosevelt's foreign diplomacy during his presidency.

Roosevelt holds in one hand a document that says "Arbitration," which suggests the promise of a peaceful resolution to conflicts, but in the other hand swings a giant club labeled "The New Diplomacy." Roosevelt is represented as a policeman controlling the non-white population of the world.

Identify the imagery in the cartoon that offers a critique of Theodore Roosevelt's foreign diplomacy during his presidency.

Roosevelt is represented as a policeman controlling the non-white population of the world. Roosevelt holds in one hand a document that says "Arbitration," which suggests the promise of a peaceful resolution to conflicts, but in the other hand swings a giant club labeled "The New Diplomacy."

In its decision in the case of Fletcher V. Peck, the U.S. Supreme Court:

Said that the purchase of land from a foreign power, as in the case of Louisiana, was constitutional.

Anti-Federalists included:

Samuel Adams and Patrick Henry.

The California gold rush turned ________ into perhaps the world's most diverse city.

San Francisco

The first permanent European settlement in the Southwest, established in 1610, was:

Santa Fe.

For most New Englanders, Indians represented:

Savagery.

Deists shared the ideas of eighteenth-century European Enlightenment thinkers, namely that:

Science could uncover God's laws that governed the natural order

Henry Clay was charged with orchestrating a "corrupt bargain" during the 1824 election so that he could become:

Secretary of state

What did the Neutrality Acts, which started being passed in 1935, forbid?

Selling weapons to countries at war

Which English group did the most to reshape Native American society and culture in the seventeenth century?

Settlers farming the land.

As he entered the White House, which of James K. Polk's goals led to war?

Settling the slavery dispute.

Which of the following is true of how the new state constitutions in the Revolutionary era dealt with the issue of religious liberty?

Seven state constitutions began with a declaration of rights that included a commitment to "the free exercise of religion."

Which of the following is a true statement relative to the Upper South and the Deep South?

Several Upper South states did not join the Confederacy at the time of the Civil War.

Which of the following is a true statement relative to the Upper South and Deep South?

Several Upper South states did not join the confederacy at the time of the Civil War

For the South in the 1830s, making the Texas territory part of the United States could potentially be most beneficial in what way?

Several slave states could be created out of Texas.

What was one difference between Shays's Rebellion and the Whiskey Rebellion?

Shays's was put down by a state government; the Whiskey event required the national government to get involved.

In the essay "Factory Life as It Is by an Operative," how does the writer assess her world?

She saw the wealthy as hypocrites

How did Pocahontas play a key role in Jamestown society?

She served as an intermediary between Powhatan and English leaders.

Which of the following statements is true of Queen Mary of England, who reigned from 1553 to 1558?

She temporarily restored Catholicism as the state religion of England.

The expansion of southern agriculture from 1820 to 1860 was due to the expansion of the cultivation of:

Short-staple cotton in the Black Belt

Which settlement in Africa did the British establish for former slaves from the United States?

Sierra Leone.

What was NOT generally a method of everyday resistance practiced by slaves? What WAS?

Sit-down strikes Work slowdowns; Breaking tools; Performing tasks improperly

A slave from which state had the best chance of escaping to freedom permanently?

Tennessee

Why did slavery become more central to American politics in the 1840s?

Territorial expansion raised the question of whether new lands should be free or slave.

The first industry to be shaped by the large factory system was:

Textiles

What did the Paxton Boys demand?

That the Indians be removed from Pennsylvania

What did reformers commonly believe about prisons and asylums?

That they could rehabilitate individuals and then release them back into society.

What was NOT true of the slave family? What WAS?

The "nuclear family" model was shunned by slaves as impractical Extended kinship networks became strong and important; Black women began bearing children at younger ages than whites; Up to a third of all black families were disrupted by the slave trade

Which of the following is true of American national identity as envisioned by the Constitution of 1787?

The "people" were free Americans; Native Americans and "other persons," meaning African-American slaves, were not considered part of the political nation.

In his speech about the Fourth of July, how did Frederick Douglass critique the founding of the United States?

The American Revolution was a good starting point for principles of freedom

What prevents something like the Intolerable Acts from occurring in the United States today?

The Bill of Rights.

How did nonpolitical artists in the United States become weapons in the cultural Cold War?

The CIA funded the Museum of Modern Art in an effort to persuade Europeans that the paintings demonstrated the United States' artistic leadership and military power. Their work was used in an exhibit commissioned by the State Department to illustrate the freedom of expression that artists in the United States were allowed.

The Committee on Public Information (CPI) was created by Woodrow Wilson as a propaganda agency to explain to the American public and the world "the cause that compelled America to take up arms in defense of its liberties and free institutions." Identify the statements that describe the CPI.

The CPI was formed to combat growing opposition to entering the war from the Socialist Party and labor unions. The CPI distributed pamphlets, posters, newspapers, and motion pictures with its pro-war message.

The Committee on Public Information (CPI) was created by Woodrow Wilson as a propaganda agency to explain to the American public and the world "the cause that compelled America to take up arms in defense of its liberties and free institutions." Identify the statements that describe the CPI.

The CPI was formed to combat growing opposition to entering the war from the Socialist Party and labor unions. The CPI distributed pamphlets, posters, newspapers, and motion pictures with its pro-war message.

Analyze the role that manifest destiny played in the California gold rush. What was the result?

The California legislature created a foreign miners' tax.

Progressive presidents were willing to project American power beyond the borders of the United States. Which of these regions experienced over twenty American interventions between 1901 and 1920?

The Caribbean

Why did Puritans decide to emigrate from England in the late 1620s and 1630s?

The Church of England was firing their ministers and censoring their writings.

By analyzing the New York City draft riots, what can be determined about the Civil War?

The Civil War was a rich man's war and a poor man's fight.

In many instances the New Deal reinforced segregation and disappointed blacks who had voted for broad changes to the nation's race system. Identify the ways in which the New Deal failed African-Americans.

The Civilian Conservation Corps maintained segregation by creating separate camps for blacks and whites. Federal housing policy reinforced existing residential segregation in municipalities in both the North and South. FDR did not succeed in passing antilynching legislation in Congress. In the South, New Deal construction projects refused to hire black workers.

What does this image reveal about the role of propaganda for the battle over "the hearts and minds" of the world during the Cold War?

The Cold War was not only about military conquest; it was also economic and psychological. Winning the hearts and minds of children was essential to gaining support from all citizens.

In the mid-1930s, for the first time in American history, the left enjoyed a shaping influence on the nation's politics and culture. Identify the statements that describe the communist movement in America.

The Communist Party became a focal point for a broad social and intellectual impulse that helped to redraw the boundaries of American freedom. The Communist Party attempted to form a Popular Front in an attempt to ally themselves with socialists and New Dealers in movements for social change. The Popular Front and its focus on civil liberties brought the Communist Party respectability, helping to create a more pluralistic understanding of Americanism.

How does the decision in Meyer v. Nebraska expand the definition of liberty protected by the Fourteenth Amendment?

The Court decided that the English language is not a test of United States citizenship nor can it be required. Federal courts needed to overturn laws throughout the country that were meant to restrict immigrants from practicing their religion or culture.

How does the decision in Meyer v. Nebraska expand the definition of liberty protected by the 14th Amendment?

The Court decided that the english language is not a test of United States citizenship nore can it be requied.

FDR made a serious political miscalculation regarding the Supreme Court. Identify the statements that describe the Court fight.

The Court fight started because Roosevelt was worried that a court almost wholly appointed by Republicans would invalidate much of his New Deal. FDR's attempt to pack the court—or add additional justices—raised cries that he was an aspiring dictator. The Court fight resulted in a fundamental shift in court behavior that tended to follow election returns.

The Supreme Court started to change its view on civil liberties in the 1920s. Identify the decisions that demonstrated this shift in the protection of civil liberties.

The Court voided a Kansas law that made it a crime to advocate unlawful acts to change the political or economic system. A federal court overturned the Customs Service's ban on James Joyce's novel Ulysses, a turning point in the battle against the censorship of works of literature. The Supreme Court voided a Minnesota law authorizing censorship of the press.

The Supreme Court started to change its view on civil liberties in the 1920s. Identify the decisions that demonstrated this shift in the protection of civil liberties.

The Court voided a Kansas law that made it a crime to advocate unlawful acts to change the political or economic system. Anita Whitney of California was imprisoned for attending a communist rally. The Court threw out the conviction of Mary Ware Dennett for sending sex education materials through the mail.

For which three accomplishments did Thomas Jefferson wish to be remembered?

The Declaration of Independence, the University of Virginia, the "Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom."

U.S. steel fell from $262 a share to just $22, and General Motors' stock dropped from $73 to $8.

The Gross National Product (GNP), or value of all goods and services produced in the country, dropped.

Why did the United States become a one-party nation following the War of 1812?

The Hartford Convention's allegedly treasonous activities fatally damaged the Federalist Party's reputation.

Place in chronological order the following events that led to the Hollywood blacklist.

The House Un-American Activities Committee launches a series of hearings about communist influence in Hollywood. Well-known screenwriters and actors are asked to testify to communist activity in the industry. The Hollywood Ten, who refuse to "name names," are served with jail terms. Hollywood studios blacklist suspected communist sympathizers.

What does it reveal about World War II in the Pacific?

The Japanese controlled significant parts of the Pacific Ocean, as well as parts of the Asian continent, including Manchuria, Korea, and Burma. Allied forces attacked the Japanese forces from many directions, including by sea, as well as on land through Mongolia and the Soviet Union. All major battles took place on islands in the Pacific Ocean and Japan.

Which of the following was associated with the Intolerable Acts?

The Massachusetts Charter of 1691 was changed to curtail town meetings.

Who finally ended the Salem witch trials?

The Massachusetts governor

How did Mormonism challenge societal norms?

The Mormons conducted marriages in different ways.

After exploring the Atlantic Coast in the late sixteenth century, an Englishman writes in his journal about untouched wilderness. What could this description mean to a European?

The Native Americans never used this area, so the land now belonged to the English.

What was a key provision of the Compromise of 1850?

The New Mexico and Utah Territories would use popular sovereignty to decide about slavery.

In the New Testament, Jesus did not condemn slavery. What did this mean to southern slaveholders?

The New Testament could be used to endorse slavery

What physical geographical feature in the Old Northwest served as an internal borderland?

The Ohio River

What was true of the South and slavery in nineteenth-century America?

The Old South had developed into the largest and most powerful slave society the modern world has known.

Which 1854 document called for the United States to seize Cuba?

The Ostend Manifesto.

The process of the United States entering World War I was drawn out. No single event caused the United States to intervene. Put the events in the order in which they occurred that led to the United States' participation in the war.

The RMS Lusitania, which was carrying a cache of arms, was sunk by German submarines. Germany announced its intention to resume unrestricted submarine warfare against ships sailing to or from the British Isles. The Zimmermann Telegram was intercepted. In it, Germany promised to help Mexico recover territory lost to the United States when it joined the war. Wilson authored the Fourteen Points.

The centerpiece of the Second New Deal legislation was the Social Security Act of 1935. Identify the statements that describe the Social Security Act.

The Social Security Act created a system of unemployment insurance, old age pensions, and aid to the disabled, the elderly poor, and families with dependent children. The ideas put into action in the Social Security Act had been promoted by Progressive reformers.

Which of the following events prompted the National Security Council to approve a permanent military build-up (NSC-68) in response to the perceived threat of communism?

The Soviet Union tested its own atomic bomb. The communists were victorious in the civil war in China.

Identify the symbolism and messages deployed by the CPI in the United States during World War I.

The Statue of Liberty became a symbol of the American war effort and the embodiment of freedom. Buying Liberty bonds became a demonstration of patriotism. The war, according to the CPI, was being fought in "the great cause of freedom."

What was the significance of the case of Marbury v. Madison?

The Supreme Court asserted the power of judicial review.

The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) came out of the Hundred Days. Identify the statements that describe the TVA and its mission.

The TVA would provide cheap and easy access to electricity for homes and industry in seven southern states. The TVA was a series of dams designed to control the flooding on the Tennessee River and its tributaries.

What was the only actual large-scale slave insurrection in the nineteenth century South?

The Turner Rebellion

Which one of the following is true of how the U.S. government in the 1790s dealt with Native Americans?

The U.S. government made treaties with them mainly to transfer land to itself or to the states.

What policy did the new United States pursue in its dealings with Native Americans?

The U.S. government set out to dispossess the Native Americans of their remaining rich lands and drive them westward.

The United Auto Workers (UAW) was the first union to unionize an entire industry successfully. Identify the statements that describe the UAW.

The UAW's membership swelled to 400,000 by 1937. The UAW used sit-down strike tactics to force concessions from management. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The Ford Motor Company was the final holdout against the UAW.

What does it reveal about the Korean War?

The UN offensive successfully occupied most of North Korea. The Chinese counteroffensive extended throughout North Korea and into South Korea.

Identify the events that took place during the 1920s that demonstrate the limitations to civil liberties at that time.

The United States Postal Service removed books from the mail that were deemed inappropriate. The arrests of a union leader in New Jersey and 400 IWW members in California. Hundreds of blacks throughout the South were lynched.

` What does this map reveal about the U.S. military intervention in the Caribbean from 1898 to 1941?

The United States gained control over territories in the Caribbean through leases, seizures, and purchases. In addition to military oversight, the United States also exerted its power by overseeing the financial dealings of countries in the Caribbean. America aided in the acquisition of crucial territory from Colombia in order to facilitate the construction of the Panama Canal.

Which of the following was a result of the War of 1812?

The United States gained new territory west of the Mississippi River.

Identify the statements that describe the Works Progress Administration (WPA).

The WPA constructed thousands of public buildings and bridges, more than 500,000 miles of roads, and 600 airports. The WPA hired artists and writers for projects including painting murals, writing guidebooks, and authoring histories of the United States. The WPA was unique in that unlike previous work relief programs it also employed many out-of-work white-collar workers, including doctors and dentists.

A West African captured and sold into slavery in 1650 most likely ended up in:

The West Indies.

Which of the following is an example of the political impact of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

The Whig Party collapsed, and many disgruntled northerners joined the new Republican Party.

Identify the statement that describes the impact of the McCarran-Walter Act of 1952.

The act authorized the government to deport immigrants identified as communists.

How would slaveowners in the late eighteenth century have explained a slave's repeated stealing and drinking of alcohol?

The alcohol should have been better hidden from slaves.

How did the War for Independence affect anti-Catholicism in America?

The alliance with France, a predominantly Catholic country, helped diminish American anti-Catholicism.

With the achievement of woman suffrage in 1920, passing the Equal Rights Amendment became the next objective of the feminist movement. Identify the statements that describe the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA).

The amendment would eliminate all legal distinctions "on account of sex" The only women's group to support the amendment was the National Woman's Party.

With the achievement of woman suffrage in 1920, passing the Equal Rights Amendment became the next objective of the feminist movement. Identify the statements that describe the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA).

The amendment would eliminate all legal distinctions "on account of sex." The only women's group to support the amendment was the National Woman's Party.

In The Black Family in Slavery and Freedom (1976), Herbert Gutman argued that:

The black family survived slavery with impressive strength

Which event is credited with helping to ingrain the paternalist ethos more deeply into the lives of southern slaveholders?

The closing of the African slave trade.

Through analyzing the "Sharecropping Contract," what can be determined?

The contract was a type of economic slavery.

Which of the following was responsible for the first large-scale American factory, which was built in Massachusetts?

The cutting off of British imports because of the Embargo of 1807 and the War of 1812.

What was NOT a reason for the South's social and economic distinctiveness in the antebellum era? What WAS?

The doctrine of white supremacy The reliance on cotton production; The promotion of agrarian and aristocratic virtues; The southern climate

Which of the following helped to increase the visibility and power of the Catholic Church in America in the mid-nineteenth century?

The dramatic increase in the number of Italian Catholic immigrants.

Why did Freedom's Journal stop publishing?

The editor felt frustrated that African-Americans would never achieve full rights.

What significant issue did the Missouri Compromise aim to resolve?

The extension of slavery.

What was an enduring legacy of the Anti-Federalists?

The fear that a strong central government would trample on liberties.

World War I and the importance placed on nationalism in politics created a backlash against ethnic and racial differences in the United States. Identify the examples of "Americanization" that took place in the country.

The federal and state governments demanded that immigrants demonstrate their unwavering devotion to the United States. Public schools paid special attention to the children of immigrants in attempt to teach them American values.

The Workingman's Parties would praise what twenty-first-century activity?

The federal minimum wage is raised.

Why was the original House of Representatives so small, with only 65 members?

The founders assumed that only prominent individuals could win elections in large districts, and that is what the founders wanted.

Why was the original House of Representatives so small, with only sixty-five members?

The founders assumed that only prominent individuals could win elections in large districts, and that is what the founders wanted.

Which of the following was NOT a condition of slave life in the South?

The freedom to use the time after work as they wished t

The Rural Electrification Agency (REA) was a key piece of legislation of the Second New Deal. Identify the statements that describe the REA.

The goal of the REA was to bring electricity to farms, thus creating a demand for household appliances that would benefit the whole economy. The REA proved to be one of the most successful programs of the Second New Deal. In conjunction with the REA, other programs promoted farm prosperity through soil conservation and farm education.

Identify the events and outcomes of the Red Scare of 1919-1920 in the United States.

The government deported hundreds of immigrant radicals, including Emma Goldman. The abuse of civil liberties during this time lead to criticism from Congress and the press that resulted in a new appreciation of the importance of civil liberties that would flourish during the 1920s. Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer dispatched federal agents to raid leftist and labor organizations throughout the United States.

Why did Sir Humphrey Gilbert and Sir Walter Raleigh fail in their attempts to colonize the New World? .

The government provided insufficient financial support.

Slavery developed more slowly in North America than in the English West Indies because:

The high death rate among tobacco worker made it economically unappealing to pay more for a slave likely to die within a short time.

Why did the United States not develop a noble class?

The ideals of Thomas Paine criticized the notion of nobility.

In the image, we see President Calvin Coolidge playing the saxophone and a flapper labeled "big business" dancing a jig. Which statements explain why the cartoonist would depict Coolidge and big business in this manner?

The image reflects Coolidge's pro-business agenda. Big business was happy to have Republicans in the White House.

What is the significance of Eli Whitney's cotton gin?

The internal slave trade within the United States grew dramatically

What was an irony about the cotton gin?

The inventor of the machine was from the North

What caused economic problems for the Confederacy?

The issuing of paper money.

Which statement is true in regard to democracy in the Age of Jackson?

The justification for the disfranchisement of women was similar to that used against blacks.

Why did apprenticeship and indentured servitude decline after the Revolution?

The lack of freedom inherent in apprenticeship and indentured servitude struck growing numbers of Americans as incompatible with republican citizenship.

How did the Cold War affect the meanings of American freedom?

The language of freedom reverberated throughout the society. Free enterprise, capitalism, and market economics became essential to the idea of freedom. Certain elements of society were elevated to central roles in the idea of freedom, particularly what came to be called "free enterprise."

Identify the statements below that describe military service during the Second World War.

The military remained segregated for the duration of the conflict. Military service proved to have a unifying effect on the American servicemen from all regions of the country.

What served as a sort of "school of political democracy" for the members of the "lower orders" in the colonies-turned-states?

The militia.

D. W. Griffith's The Birth of a Nation chronicled the early days of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) and had its premiere at Woodrow Wilson's White House in 1915. Identify the statements that describe the movie.

The movie depicted African-Americans as unworthy of participation in government and dangerous to white women. The movie glorified the Ku Klux Klan not as racist terrorists, but as heroes protecting virtuous white southerners from "uncivilized" blacks.

D. W. Griffith's The Birth of a Nation chronicled the early days of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) and had its premiere at Woodrow Wilson's White House in 1915. Identify the statements that describe the movie.

The movie glorified the Ku Klux Klan not as racist terrorists, but as heroes protecting virtuous white southerners from "uncivilized" blacks. The movie depicted African-Americans as unworthy of participation in government and dangerous to white women.

With the achievement of woman suffrage in 1920, passing the Equal Rights Amendment became the next objective of the feminist movement. Identify the statements that describe the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA).

The only women's group to support the amendment was the National Woman's Party. The amendment would eliminate all legal distinctions "on account of sex."

Which of the following would have been a reflection of the paternalist ethos in southern slavery?

The owner felt responsible for his slaves because the slaves could not take care of themselves.

How did westward movement affect the South?

The plantation slave-based economy was replicated in Alabama and Mississippi.

During the Depression, there were widespread calls for women to remove themselves from the labor market to make room for unemployed men. Identify the statements that describe women during the Depression.

The profile of women was raised during the era by Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins and First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt, who both advised the president. Millions of women were excluded for Social Security, as it did not include domestic servants and women who did not work outside the home. Many employers refused to hire women if their husbands already earned a "living wage."

Which of the following contributed to the success of free trade advocates during the Revolutionary War?

The publication of Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations.

Bacon's Rebellion contributed to which of the following in Virginia?

The replacing of indentured servants with African slaves on Virginia's plantations.

What did the freedmen request in their "Petition of Committee on Behalf of the Freedmen to Andrew Johnson" in 1865?

The right to purchase a homestead.

What did the British acquire from the Netherlands in the Treaty of Utrecht of 1713?

The right to transport slaves from Africa to Spain's New World colonies

Why did southern slaves live in better conditions by the mid-nineteenth century than those in the Caribbean and South America?

The rising value of slaves made it profitable for slaveowners to take better care of them

Why did southern slaves live in better conditions by the mid-nineteenth century than those in the Caribbean and South America?

The rising value of slaves made it profitable for slaveowners to take better care of them.

Based on earlier conversions to Christianity such as the Pueblo at Santa Fe, how would slaveowners in the British colonies feel about some of their slaves becoming Christian?

The slave owners would disagree with the slave idea of combining traditional African religion with Christianity.

Why was slavery less prevalent in the northern colonies?

The small farms of the northern colonies did not need slaves.

In regard to utopian communities, how do spiritually oriented groups compare to societies with a worldly orientation?

The spiritual groups emphasized secularism.

The Rosenberg case was the only time in U.S. history where a couple was executed for conspiracy against the United States. Identify the statements that describe the trial and its consequences.

The star witness, who was Ethel Rosenberg's brother, would later recant major portions of his testimony. At the time, the evidence was based on top-secret documents that could not be revealed. The judge in the trial blamed the couple for causing the Korean War.

What did Mary Rowlandson's book demonstrate?

The strong pull of being part of the Puritan society

The plantation masters had many means to maintain order among their slaves. According to the text, what was the most powerful weapon the plantation masters had?

The threat of sale.

What innovation led to mass production of newspapers and pamphlets in the 1820s and 1830s?

The use of steam power for presses.

By casting their ballots for the Constitutional Unionist candidate John Bell in the 1860 election, what did people in Virginia and Kentucky fear?

The voters worried that an impending civil war would lead to war being fought in their respective states.

Identify the statements that describe the role of women in World War I.

The woman suffrage movement argued that if the war was about "freedom" abroad then it should also aim to expand "freedom" at home. Many women did jobs previously reserved for men before the war.

Which of the following is true of the Puritans' dealings with Quakers?

Their officials in Massachusetts punished Quakers financially and physically, even hanging several of them.

The stock market crash of October 1929 itself did not create the Great Depression. There were other indicators that the economy was in serious trouble. Which were long-term indicators of serious trouble prior to October 1929?

There was stagnation in new automobile sales and household consumer goods after 1926. Frenzied real-estate speculation in Florida and California had come to a stop.

What was the significance of Ashanti and Dahomey?

These African states became powerful through the slave trade.

How did most Puritans view the separation of church and state?

They allowed church and state to be interconnected by requiring each town to establish a church and levy a tax to support the minister.

Which statement is a correct assessment about the Whigs?

They argued that the role of government was to promote the welfare of its people.

How did America's use of the Espionage and Sedition Acts infringe on the rights of the people?

They began a witch hunt to find those who were "un-American." Freedom of speech was temporarily suspended.

Which statement about the Shakers is true?

They believed that women were spiritually equal to men.

What ironic consequence did William Penn's generous policies, such as religious toleration and inexpensive land, have?

They contributed to the increasing reliance of Virginia and Maryland on African slave labor.

When the Second Continental Congress created an official army, how did the British respond?

They declared that the colonies were in a state of rebellion.

What role did Native Americans play in the Revolutionary War?

They divided their allegiance, just as white Americans did.

Which of the following is true about the expedition of Meriwether Lewis and William Clark?

They encountered Indians west of the Mississippi who were involved in trading.

What does the omission of the word "slave" or "slavery" in the text of the original Constitution suggest about the founders?

They felt a reference to slavery tainted American ideals on liberty and equality.

Why were colonial assemblies critical of the Albany Plan of Union?

They felt their respective colonial assemblies would lose power.

Slaves seemed to prefer to live on larger plantations because:

They had more opportunities for privacy and for a social world of their own

By banning the importation of slaves by 1808 with the Constitution, what did critics of slavery hope to accomplish?

They hoped cutting off the supply would eventually end slavery in the United States.

How did the abolitionists link themselves to the nation's Revolutionary heritage?

They seized on the preamble to the Declaration of Independence as an attack against slavery.

Which one of the following is true of how the leaders of the new nation viewed settlers moving west across the Appalachians in the 1780s?

They shared their British predecessors' fears that frontier settlers would fight constantly with Native Americans.

How did men react to the "bloomer" fashion in the 1850s?

They thought it was ridiculous

What happened to Cherokee slaveholders after the Civil War?

They were forced to give former slaves some of their land.

In the 1770s and 1780s, what was a characteristic of voting rights?

They were not uniform, as each state's constitution had different stipulations.

How would the service of African-American soldiers in the Civil War best be categorized?

They were treated unfairly.

What was ironic about the Confederate government?

This new centralized government became stronger than the national government had been before the war.

Identify the greatest accomplishments of the PWA.

This was the largest man-made structure in history up to its opening in 1941. It would eventually provide 40 percent of the United States' hydroelectric power. Correct label: Grand Coulee Dam The highway connects Miami with Key West, Florida, through a complex system of bridges and roadworks. Correct label: Overseas Highway This massive civil engineering project includes three separate bridges that connect the boroughs of New York City. It was designated a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark in 1986. Correct label: Triborough Bridge

Who appears to have fathered one or more children with his slave?

Thomas Jefferson.

Who wrote the following: "One of the strongest natural proofs of the folly of hereditary right in kings is that nature disapproves it, otherwise she would not so frequently turn it into ridicule, by giving mankind an ass for a lion"?

Thomas Paine

How did utopian leaders differ from Henry David Thoreau?

Thoreau focused on the individual, while utopian leaders emphasized the community.

The Depression transformed and shattered the expectations of the "American way of life." Which are examples of the new reality of American life during the Depression years?

Thousands of Americans formed shantytowns across the country in parks and fields as they had lost their homes. Americans looked for work abroad, as they were unable to find jobs in the United States. The Depression reversed the movement of people from farms to cities.

The Depression transformed and shattered the expectations of the "American way of life." Which are examples of the new reality of American life during the Depression years?

Thousands of Americans formed shantytowns across the country in parks and fields as they had lost their homes. The Depression reversed the movement of people from farms to cities. Americans looked for work abroad, as they were unable to find jobs in the United States.

The Depresstion transformed and shatter the expectations of the "American way of life." Which are examples of the new reality of American life during the Depresstion years?

Thousands of Americans formed shantytowns across the countryin parks and fields as they had lost their homes. The Depression reversed the movement of people from farms to cities. Americans looked for work abroad, as they were unable to find jobs in the United States.

Which of the following statements related to ethnicity was true in California in the 1850s?

Thousands of Indian children were declared orphans and treated as slaves.

Roosevelt viewed Hitler's victories as a direct threat to the United States. But, opponents of the American involvement in Europe, like the America First Committee, supported foreign policy views of isolationism, meaning that they sought to keep the United States out of the European conflicts of the 1930's and 1940's. In contrast, groups like the Free World Association believed that intervention was necessary to prevent the spread of fascism.

Threat, isolationism, and intervention

Which issue divided colonial governors appointed by the king and legislatures elected by colonists?

To deal with a scarcity of gold and silver coins, legislatures supported printing paper money despite opposition form the governors.

What was Virginia's "gold," which ensured its survival and prosperity?

Tobacco

What became a key component of the Underground Railroad in the 1850s?

Trains were used more frequently to take slaves to Canada and freedom.

"Freedom" had not played a major part in Indians' vocabulary before the Revolution, but after the war, freedom meant defending their own independence and retaining possession of their land.

True

A Discourse concerning Western Planting argued that English settlement of North America would strike a blow against Spain.

True

Abigail Adams did not see equality for women as the same as people do in today's modern world.

True

Abolitionists consciously identified their movement with the heritage of the American Revolution. T/F

True

Abraham Lincoln won the 1860 presidential election without a single vote in ten southern states. T/F

True

According to the author, the McCarthy era was one marked with fear and lack of dissent. People who worked for the federal government were forced to prove they were loyal, which was extremely difficult to do. As a result, many people lost their jobs and their livelihoods. The McCarthy era lasted throughout the 1950s and didn't begin to wane until the 1960s. T or F?

True

Adam Smith's argument that the "invisible hand" of the free market directed economic life more effectively and fairly than governmental intervention offered intellectual justification for those who believed that the economy should be left to regulate itself.

True

After 1830, defense of slavery by southerners increased and intensified. T/F

True

After Nat Turner's Rebellion, the Virginia legislature discussed ending slavery in that state. T/F

True

After Texas independence, the Tejanos lost rights and access to land. T/F

True

After the Revolutionary War, when George Washington demanded the return of slaves who had escaped, the British commander in New York refused, saying it would be dishonorable.

True

Alexander Hamilton proposed in the Constitutional Convention that the president and senators serve life terms.

True

American colonists widely believed that Britain had no authority to tax the colonists since the colonists had no elected representative in Parliament.

True

Andrew Jackson was the only candidate in the 1824 election to have national appeal. T/F

True

As the market revolution took on steam, some critics described wage labor as the very essence of slavery. T/F

True

Battles over Indian territory continued after ratification of the Constitution.

True

Because an English law forbade the export of machinery blueprints, Samuel Slater memorized the plans for the power-driven spinning jenny before immigrating to America. T/F

True

Believing that tobacco was harmful to one's health, King James I warned against its use.

True

Black Christianity is best described as a blend of African traditions and Christian beliefs. T/F

True

Black Union soldiers captured by the Confederates faced sale into slavery or immediate execution. T/F

True

Both North Carolina and South Carolina had Regulator movements.

True

Both the Confederacy and the Union violated their citizens' civil liberties during the war.

True

Britain eventually paid compensation to some Americans after the war who claimed they had been improperly deprived of their slave property.

True

British commanders were never able to consolidate their hold on the South.

True

British, American, French, and Japanese troops occupied Russian territory in 1918 in an attempt to reverse communist successes in the Russian civil war. Unable to form a coherent policy nor find a worthy anticommunist ally, the force had no lasting impact on the eventual outcome of the Russian Civil War and Lenin's victory.

True

By 1550, the Spanish empire in the New World exceeded the ancient Roman Empire in size.

True

By 1860, the economic investment represented by the slave population exceeded the value of the nation's factories, railroads, and banks combined. T/F

True

By the 1850s, Massachusetts had become the second most industrialized region of the world, after Great Britain. T/F

True

By the early nineteenth century, the term "citizen" had become synonymous with the right to vote. T/F

True

By the time Lincoln actually took the oath of office, seven states had already seceded from the Union. T/F

True

Celebrating the work and life of everyday people was a central focus of artists during the 1930s, as their contributions were seen as genuine expressions of Americanism. T or F?

True

Charleston was the richest city in British North America.

True

The Iron Curtain supposedly represented the ideological geographic divide between communist and capitalist peoples of Europe. Identify the "free" states that were located inside the communist "oppressed" region.

Turkey Greece West Berlin

One aspect of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo of 1848 provided for what?

U.S. control of all of the Oregon Country.

The famous Lincoln-Douglas debates took place during the campaign for:

U.S. senator from Illinois in 1858.

In 1932, the U.S. economy hit rock bottom. Identify examples of the effects these economic events had on the United States between 1929 and 1932.

U.S. steel fell from $262 a share to just $22, and General Motors' stock dropped from $73 to $8. Correct label: The Gross National Product (GNP), or value of all goods and services produced in the country, dropped. With such high unemployment, there was no demand for products because no one could afford anything (even at reduced costs). Correct label:] Prices on consumer goods decreased. U.S. steel, which had employed 225,000 people in 1929, had none by 1932. Workers who did have jobs took reduced hours and pay cuts. Correct label: Unemployment increased.

How did the Articles of Confederation compare to the Constitution in regard to sovereignty?

Under the Articles, states had more autonomy, while the Constitution gave some powers to the states.

How did the Articles of Confederation compare to the Constitution with regard to the economy?

Under the Articles, states made more decisions about the economy than the national government.

What did James Winthrop, a Massachusetts public official, fear about the new Constitution?

Under the Constitution, a citizen would lose basic civil liberties.

U.S. steel, which had employed 225,000 people in 1929, had none by 1932. Workers who did have jobs took reduced hours and pay cuts.

Unemployment increased.

The Second World War unified American society as virtually no other conflict in the nation's history had. Freedom from want as a wartime ideal addressed the feeling that the Depression would not return after the war, while freedom from fear embraced the ideal of an American's personal liberty being contrasted with life in a fascist state.

Unified, want, not return, fear and fascist

Labor unions became more prominent in American life during the period of the New Deal. Identify the statements that describe labor unions during the New Deal and World War II.

Union membership doubled between 1930 and 1940. Unions had become so powerful that U.S. Steel negotiated with its 200,000 workers and the Steel Workers Organization Committee in order to avoid a strike.

In the 1840s, nativists blamed immigrants for what?

Urban crime and political corruption

Critics pointed out that casting the Cold War in terms of a worldwide battle between freedom and slavery had unfortunate consequences. Identify some of the prominent reasons for this critique.

Using this language made it impossible to determine which international conflicts genuinely involved either freedom or American interests. This definition meant the United States would have to intervene continuously in the affairs of nations whose political problems did not arise from Moscow. It turned foreign policy into an "ideological crusade."

After an 1831 slave rebellion, which state's legislature debated, but did not approve, a plan for gradual emancipation of slaves in that state?

Virginia

Where did more than half of the 250,000 free African Americans in the slave states live by 1861?

Virginia and Maryland

What came to be redefined as a personal moral quality associated more and more closely with women?

Virtue

According to Alexis de Tocqueville, what were the most important institutions for organizing Americans?

Voluntary associations

Whose 1840 presidential campaign portrayed him as a common man who was born in a log cabin and liked to drink hard cider?

William Henry Harriosn

Why can a case be made for the War of 1812 actually starting in 1811?

William Henry Harrison attacked Native American villages in 1811.

Many politicians in Congress were willing to ratify the League of Nations treaty with some "reservations," but President Woodrow Wilson was unwilling to compromise. Why was he unwilling to compromise?

Wilson believed "the hand of God" was reflected in the treaty.

Woodrow Wilson brought a missionary zeal and strong moral righteousness to the office of the presidency. Identify the statements that describe Wilson's foreign policy and actions.

Wilson established a military government in the Dominican Republic in 1916.

Why did many women in Virginia not start a family until their mid-twenties?

Women mostly came to Virginia as indentured servants.

Overall, how did utopian societies and worldly communities perceive women?

Women needed to be treated as equals.

As English colonial society became more structured in the eighteenth century, what were the effects on women?

Women's work became more clearly defined as tied closely to the home.

How did the market revolution affect the lives of artisans?

Working in factories, they faced constants supervision as they used power-driven machinery.

One of the most notable protests took place in the spring of 1932 as - marched from all over the country and converged on Washington, D.C., to demand a -. The bonus was due these men in 1945, but economic circumstances led them to plead for an early payment.

World War I veterans bonus payment

A central element in the definition of English liberty was: a.the right to a trial by jury. b.the right to self-incrimination. c.that each English citizen owned a copy of the English Constitution. d.freedom of expression. e.what an individual king or queen said it was.

a

All of the following contributed to the English social crisis of the late sixteenth century EXCEPT: a.a lower birth rate, which made it difficult to find workers for new industries. b.the enclosure movement, which forced thousands of peasants from farms. c.increased prices buoyed by the influx of gold and silver from Latin America. d.decreased wages in the cities. e.the invasion of the cities by vagrants, who wandered the roads in search of work.

a

For most New Englanders, Indians represented: a.savagery. b.teachers. c.curiosities. d.culture. e.survival.

a

How did the Virginia Company reshape the colony's development? a.It instituted the headright system, giving fifty acres of land to each colonist who paid for his own or another's passage. b.It fired John Smith and brought in a more popular leader. c.It gave control back to the king, who straightened out its problems. d.It required all settlers to grow tobacco, a highly profitable crop. e.It created an executive committee that really ran the colony and a committee of colonists who thought they were running it.

a

In Puritan marriages: a.reciprocal affection and companionship were the ideal. b.divorce was not allowed. c.husbands could beat their wives without interference from the authorities. d.wives were banned from attending church because they might end up disagreeing with how their husbands interpreted the sermon. e.women could speak only when spoken to.

a

In contrast to life in the Chesapeake region, life in New England: a.was more family-oriented. b.did not involve class-based hierarchies. c.was not as deeply religious. d.allowed for equal legal rights for women and men. e.centered on an economy based on one cash crop.

a

Tobacco production in Virginia: a.enriched an emerging class of planters and certain members of the colonial government. b.benefited from the endorsement of King James I. c.declined after its original success, as Europeans learned the dangers of smoking. d.resulted in more unified settlements, thanks to tobacco's propensity to grow only in certain areas of Virginia. e.was under the control of two planters, Walter Winston and the Earl of Kent.

a

What historical evidence demonstrates that blacks were being held as slaves for life by the 1640s? a. Property registers list white servants with the number of years they were to work, but blacks (with higher valuations) had no terms of service associated with their names. b. Transcripts from legislative debates in the House of Burgesses show that Virginia lawmakers were debating whether permanent slave status was a good idea. c. Records of declining tobacco prices show that it had become harder to keep labor, which would have forced planters to turn increasingly to Africans and away from white servants. d. There is none, because slavery did not fully exist in Virginia until after Bacon's Rebellion in 1676. e. Advertisements for slaves began appearing in newspapers regularly by 1642.

a

What was Puritan leader and Massachusetts Bay Governor John Winthrop's attitude toward liberty? a.He saw two kinds of liberty: natural liberty, the ability to do evil, and moral liberty, the ability to do good. b.He saw two kinds of liberty: negative liberty, the restricting of freedoms for the sake of others, and positive liberty, the assuring of rights through a constitution. c.He believed that individual rights took precedence over the rights of the community. d.He believed in a dictatorship, with only himself in charge of it. e.He believed "liberty" had a religious but not a political meaning.

a

Which of the following best describes how the English viewed Native American ties to the land? a.Although they felt the natives had no claim since they did not cultivate or improve the land, the English usually bought their land, albeit through treaties they forced on Indians. b.They simply tried to wipe out Native Americans and then took their land. c.They encouraged settlers to move onto Native American land and take it. d.They totally respected those ties and let the natives stay in all rural areas, negotiating settlements to obtain the coastal lands. e.The English offered natives the chance to remain on the land as slaves and, when this offer was declined, forced them off of it.

a

Which of the following is true of the Puritans' dealings with Quakers? a. Their officials in Massachusetts punished Quakers financially and physically, even hanging several of them. b. They welcomed the Quakers and thus were happy to help them set up the Pennsylvania colony. c. They fought Charles II's efforts to oppress and suppress Quakers. d. They passed a law ordering all Quakers to leave Massachusetts or face imminent death. e. They resented the Quakers for their shrewd business practices.

a

Which of the following was a consequence of the Seven Years' War? a. strengthened pride among American colonists about being part of the British empire b. the founding of the new colony of Ohio in territory acquired from France c. a weakening of liberties as France made gains in North America d. the creation of a central colonial government under the Albany Plan of Union e. increased popularity of the Anglican Church among ordinary colonists

a

Fundamentalist Christians strongley supported Prohibition as it greatly reduced the cinsumption of _______, public __________, and the related diseases to its abuse.

alcohol drunkenness

Why did England consider Spain its enemy by the late 1500s? a.Because of religious differences: England had officially broken with the Roman Catholic Church, while Spain was devoutly Catholic. b.Because of the Spanish Armada's successful invasion of Great Britain in 1588. c.Because Spain had allied with France to invade English colonies in the New World. d.Because one of Henry VIII's beheaded wives was a Spanish princess, and the Spanish government announced it would be at war with England until Henry apologized. e.Because both the English and Spanish royal families laid claim to the Irish throne

a

Howard University is well known as:

a black university in Washington, D.C.

What would be a good representation of Enlightenment principles?

a botanist who studied nature to uncover why a certain plant kept dying

What was Operation Dixie?

a campaign by labor unions to bring unionization to the South

The Mayflower Compact established:

a civil government for Plymouth Colony.

While the North emphasized egalitarianism, the South stressed:

a code of honor

While the North emphasized egalitarianism, the South stressed?

a code of honor

Sacajawea was:

a guide and interpreter for the Lewis and Clark expedition.

Andrew Jackson's inauguration was:

a large, rowdy event

What would be an example of John Locke's views on liberalism?

a person who has the right to choose what church he or she will attend

In his Thoughts on Government (1776), John Adams advocated state constitutions that provided for:

a powerful governor and a two-house legislature that reflected the division of society between wealthy and ordinary men.

At the heart of the English Civil War was:

a question of sovereignty in who would make decisions for the government.

The 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Regiment is best known as:

a regiment of free blacks who charged Fort Wagner, South Carolina

Benjamin Banneker was:

a scientist who helped survey the new national capital.

In the fifteenth century, a big impetus for European exploration was:

a sea route to Asia to obtain luxury goods.

The 1741 panic in New York City that led to 34 executions was sparked by:

a series of fires

Jumping over a broomstick was a ceremony celebrating:

a slave marriage

Celia was?

a slave tried for killing her master while resisting a sexual assault

Celia was:

a slave tried for killing her master while resisting a sexual assault.

Which of the following fits the description of a person most likely to have been accused of witchcraft in seventeenth-century New England?

a woman beyond childbearing age who was outspoken, economically independent, or estranged from her husband

What did James Madison aim to accomplish with the protections of both public and private liberties? a. He hoped to avoid more unrest like Shays's Rebellion. b. He hoped to end slavery. c. He wanted to give land to the poor. d. He did not want the United States to acquire any western territory. e. He wanted to prevent wars with Native Americans.

a. He hoped to avoid more unrest like Shays's Rebellion.

Which two prominent men were not at the Constitutional Convention? a. Thomas Jefferson and John Adams. b. Thomas Jefferson and George Washington. c. Benjamin Franklin and John Adams. d. John Adams and George Mason. e. Benjamin Franklin and George Washington.

a. Thomas Jefferson and John Adams.

How did the Articles of Confederation compare to the Constitution in regard to sovereignty? a. Under the Articles, states had more autonomy, while the Constitution gave some powers to the states. b. Under the Articles, states had no power to run the country, while the Constitution gave more powers to the states. c. Under both the Articles and the Constitution, the states and national government had equal power to run the country. d. Under the Articles, states had some power to run the country, while the Constitution gave more powers to the states. e. Under the Articles, states had more autonomy, while the Constitution gave no powers to the states.

a. Under the Articles, states had more autonomy, while the Constitution gave some powers to the states.

The Virginia House of Burgesses a. Was created as part of the Virginia Company's effort to encourage the colony's survival b. banned the importation of servants c. had more power than the governor d. was included in the original charter for the Jamestown colony

a. Was created as part of the Virginia Company's effort to encourage the colony's survival

Roger Williams argued that a. church and state must be totally separated b. Puritans must stay in the Church of England and reform it c. religious wars were necessary to protect not only religion, but also freedom d. Puritans were on a divine mission to spread the true faith

a. church and state must be totally separated

What did Junípero Serra hope to do in California? a. convert Indians to Christianity and to settled farming b. explore the Sacramento River basin to find gold c. claim the land for Spain and earn the praise of Queen Isabella d. stop the common practice of using Indians as forced laborers e. take over the Russian trading post at what is now Santa Barbara

a. convert Indians to Christianity and to settled farming

Why was the death rate in early Jamestown so high? a. it lay beside a malarial swamp b. it was not high; most of the colonists survived c. Constant Native American attacks decimated the population d. Many of the colonists committed suicide

a. it lay beside a malarial swamp

The Anti-Federalist James Winthrop argued that a bill of rights was necessary in the Constitution because: a. it would secure the minority against the usurpation and tyranny of the majority. b. the right to bear arms for the militia should be guarded by law. c. ratification of the Constitution was in doubt without the inclusion of the Bill of Rights. d. the English had one, so America ought to mirror that example. e. using the examples of Wilkes and Zenger, the protection of speech and press was essential.

a. it would secure the minority against the usurpation and tyranny of the majority.

How did indentured servants display a fondness for freedom? a. some of them ran away or were disobedient toward their masters b. they sent letters home telling their fellow Englishmen that the American colonies offered special opportunities for freedom. c. They insisted on their right to serve in the militia, because they believed in the right to bear arms d. they published pamphlets criticizing their masters, displaying their love of free speech

a. some of them ran away or were disobedient toward their masters

Which of the following was a consequence of the Seven Years' War? a. strengthened pride among American colonists about being part of the British empire b. the founding of the new colony of Ohio in territory acquired from France c. a weakening of liberties as France made gains in North America d. the creation of a central colonial government under the Albany Plan of Union e. increased popularity of the Anglican Church among ordinary colonists

a. strengthened pride among American colonists about being part of the British empire

The American Philosophical Society in its modest beginnings was called: a. the Junto. b. Cato's Club. c. Common Sense. d. Publick Occurrences. e. Britannia.

a. the Junto.

Radical Republicans: a. fully embraced the expanded powers of the federal government born during the Civil War. b. agreed on the need to end slavery but disagreed with one another over whether the freed slaves were entitled to civil rights. c. tended to come from the border states that had seen most of the vicious fighting during the Civil War. d. wanted legitimate democracy in the South, with power to be shared by planters and freed slaves. e. fought Andrew Johnson from the day he entered the White House.

a.fully embraced the expanded powers of the federal government born during the Civil War.

The Thirteenth Amendment:

abolished slavery throughout the United States.

World War II accelerated the integration of American society. Unlike World War I's forced Americanization policies, pluralism was seen as patriotic during the Second World War. By the war's end, racism and nativism had become intellectually discredited.

accelerated, forced Americanization, and intellectually discredited

In the Ex parte Milligan case, the U.S. Supreme Court stated that: T/F

accused persons must be tried before civil courts where there were open, rather than military, tribunals.

In the 1640s, leaders of the House of Commons:

accused the king of imposing taxes without parliamentary consent.

"Republicanism" in the eighteenth-century Anglo-American political world emphasized the importance of ________ as the essence of liberty.

active participation in public life by property-owning citizens

"Republicanism" in the eighteenth-century Anglo-American political world emphasized the importance of ______ as the essence of liberty.

active participation in public life by property-owning citizens.

To deal with a wartime economic crisis in 1779, Congress urged states to:

adopt measures to fix wages and prices.

During the early days of the war, the U.S. Congress adopted a resolution proposed by Senator John Crittenden of Kentucky that:

affirmed that the Union had no intention of interfering with slavery

John C. Calhoun and George Fitzhugh:

agreed that slavery was not a necessary evil but something actually positive and good.

John C. Calhoun and George Fitzhugh?

agreed that slavery was not a necessary evil but something actually positive and good.

The 1920s were a time of great economic change in the United States. Identify the areas of the American economy that were in decline even before the 1929 stock market crash.

agriculture manufacturing

bennet barrows advice to slave owners on slave disipline (based on rules for slaves at his highland plantation in louisianna) included all of the following except

allow slaves to grow some of their own food to cut down on costs

task labor

allowed slaves to take on daily jobs, set their own pace, and work on their own when they were done

Task labor

allowed slaves to take on daily jobs, set their own pace, and work on their own when they were done.

Identify the consequences of the following individuals' involvement in the highly publicized, hysteria-based court cases of the early Cold War period.

an editor of Time magazine who became the star witness against Alger Hiss Correct label: Whitaker Chambers little-known Congressman from California who gained national attention for his dogged pursuit of Alger Hiss Correct label: Richard Nixon high-ranking State Department official who was convicted of perjury Correct label: Alger Hiss

Thomas Paine's Common Sense:

argued that America would become the home of freedom and "an asylum for mankind."

Andrew Johnson of Tennessee and Joseph Brown of Georgia rose to political power:

as self-proclaimed spokesmen of the common man against the great planters.

Andrew Johnson of Tennessee and Joseph Brown of Georgia rose to political power?

as self-proponents of gradual emancipation plans in order to destroy the "slavocracy"

The task system:

assigned slaves daily jobs and allowed them free time upon completion of those jobs

Identify the role the following individuals played in the Red Scare of 1919-1920.

attorney general who dispatched federal agents to raid leftist and labor organizations throughout the United States Correct label: A. Mitchell Palmer the director of the Justice Department who was in charge of the "Palmer Raids" Correct label: J. Edgar Hoover secretary of labor who forced the release of imprisoned immigrants bringing an end to the Red Scare Correct label: Louis Post

As a result of British landowners evicting peasants from their lands in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries: a. there was an increase in the number of jobless peasants, whom the British government aided with an early form of welfare. b. efforts were made to persuade or even force those who had been evicted to settle in the New World, thereby easing the British population crisis. c. mass numbers of peasants converted from Protestantism to Catholicism, because the Catholic Church took better care of the poor. d. there was a sharp reduction in the number of sheep and other livestock. e. the spread of the Black Plague decreased because of the elimination of cramped living quarters.

b

As a result of British landowners evicting peasants from their lands in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries: a.there was an increase in the number of jobless peasants, whom the British government aided with an early form of welfare. b.efforts were made to persuade or even force those who had been evicted to settle in the New World, thereby easing the British population crisis. c.mass numbers of peasants converted from Protestantism to Catholicism, because the Catholic Church took better care of the poor. d.there was a sharp reduction in the number of sheep and other livestock. e.the spread of the Black Plague decreased because of the elimination of cramped living quarters

b

How did Richard Hakluyt explain his claim that there was a connection between freedom and colonization? a.The English constitutional system would improve on Spain's less structured system in the New World. b.English colonization would save the New World from Spanish tyranny. c.The only way to achieve true freedom was through wealth, and the abundant gold in the New World would make all Englishmen wealthy. d.A person was only truly free when outside the constraints of established societies such as those in Europe. e.He claimed no such connection; he saw them as separate and unrelated.

b

How did most Puritans view the separation of church and state? a.They were so determined to keep them apart that they banned ministers from holding office, fearing that they would enact pro-religious legislation. b.They allowed church and state to be interconnected by requiring each town to establish a church and levy a tax to support the minister. c.The Massachusetts Bay Colony endorsed the Puritan faith but allowed anyone the freedom to practice or not practice religion. d.They had never even heard of the concept. e.They invented the concept but refused to indulge in it.

b

In Great Britain, the idea of working for wages: a.was so dishonorable that many refused to accept money for their work and instead received food and shelter. b.was associated with servility and the loss of liberty. c.was romanticized in ballads and tales. d.meant true freedom. e.grew more popular among the poor during the sixteenth century.

b

The Constitutional delegates who met in Philadelphia represented all of American society, as they were a mix of laborers, farmers, merchants, and politicians.

false

In the Chesapeake region, slavery: a. was geographically restricted to the Tidewater area until transportation improved in the nineteenth century. b. rapidly became the dominant labor system after 1680. c. was the labor system preferred by planters as early as the 1620s. d. allowed planters to make vast profits from cotton and rice as well as from tobacco. e. was so widely practiced that nearly three-fifths of white households in 1770 included a slaveowner.

b

In the Pequot War of 1637: a.the Pequots defeated the Puritans in a battle that temporarily drove back the Massachusetts Bay settlers to only three coastal towns. b.Connecticut and Massachusetts soldiers teamed with Narragansett allies to set the main Pequot village afire and kill 500 Pequots. c.the Narragansetts joined the Pequots to fight the Puritans, leading to the elimination of both tribes. d.the barbarity of the Native Americans surprised the colonists. e.the Pequots took over the old Pilgrim colony and made it their own.

b

In the economic exchanges between the English colonists and eastern Native Americans: A.the arrival of new English goods had no impact on how Indians lived. B.Native Americans initially welcomed the colonists' goods. C.Native Americans sought to keep English goods from influencing their religious ceremonies. D.Native Americans never became integrated into the Atlantic economy. E.Native Americans soon saw that the colonists' goods were shoddier than their own.

b

In what ways was Thomas Paine's Common Sense similar to Thomas Jefferson's Declaration of Independence? a. Both Jefferson and Paine discussed how the United States could create a navy. b. Both showed how a king can be a tyrant. c. Paine used many Latin phrases, which led Jefferson to do the same. d. Paine criticized using slaves from Africa, and that same criticism appeared in the Declaration of Independence. e. Both documents contradicted the ideas of John Locke.

b

Puritans viewed individual and personal freedom as: a.good, because Massachusetts Bay leaders welcomed debate over religion. b.dangerous to social harmony and community stability. c.important, but they banned neighbors from reporting on one another, because that would breed division that could harm the community. d.vital, because they had been discouraged from enjoying these back in England. e.dangerous to the individual but good for the community.

b

The Columbian Exchange was: a. the agreement that documented what Christopher Columbus would give to Spanish leaders in return for their sponsorship of his travel to the New World. b. the transatlantic flow of plants, animals, and germs that began after Christopher Columbus reached the New World. c. John Cabot's exploration of the New World, which brought more of the goods that Columbus had found back to the Old World. d. responsible for introducing corn, tomatoes, and potatoes to the Americas. e. the first store in the New World, named for the man who founded it.

b

The Native American leader Powhatan: a.tried to avoid trade with the colonists because he believed that it would destroy Native American culture. b.managed to consolidate control over some thirty nearby tribes. c.was the brother of Pocahontas. d.invited the colonists to feasts with his tribe and then slaughtered eighty Virginia settlers. e.won the respect of the colonists when he defeated John Smith in a wrestling match.

b

The Virginia House of Burgesses: a.was dissolved by King James because he objected to all representative government. b.was created as part of the Virginia Company's effort to encourage the colony's survival. c.banned the importation of servants. d.had more power than the governor. e.was included in the original charter for the Jamestown Colony.

b

The most famous Great Awakening revivalist minister was: a. John Locke. b. George Whitefield. c. Cotton Mather. d. John Peter Zenger. e. James Oglethorpe.

b

To entice settlers to Virginia, the Virginia Company established the headright system, which: a.granted religious freedom. b.provided land to settlers who paid their own and others' passage. c.brought slavery to the colony. d.promised every single man a bride. e.enslaved Indians.

b

What strategy worked well for the colonists in fighting the British during the American Revolution? a. Washington's army used full-frontal assaults. b. The Continental army and militias deployed hit-and-run tactics. c. Washington preferred to let the Native Americans fight for the colonists. d. The Continental Congress handed over most of the war effort to the French. e. Washington kept the training of his men to a minimum to ensure that morale stayed high.

b

When the Second Continental Congress created an official army, how did the British respond? a. They removed British troops from Boston. b. They declared that the colonies were in a state of rebellion. c. They asked the Spanish and French for help to defeat the Americans. d. They sent diplomats to negotiate for peace. e. They did not take the actions of Congress seriously because to them George Washington was an inexperienced commander.

b

Which European country dominated international commerce in the early seventeenth century? a. France. b. The Netherlands. c. Britain. d. Spain. e. Portugal

b

Which of the following is true of the Puritans of the seventeenth century? a.They were completely unified on all issues. b.They agreed that the Church of England retained too many elements of Catholicism in its rituals and doctrines. c.They differed completely with the views of the Church of England. d.They came to the colonies because they had no hope of holding any power in England. e.John Winthrop founded the church.

b

Which one of the following is true of indentured servants? a.They could not be sold by their masters. b.Their masters could determine whether they could marry. c.Pregnant women received their freedom early. d.They could not be physically punished because, unlike slaves, they had rights as English citizens. e.Three-quarters of them ran away and found permanent freedom.

b

Why did King Henry VIII break from the Catholic Church? a.The Pope had banned England from exploring the New World because the Church already had limited land ownership there to Spain and Portugal. b.He wanted a divorce, and the Pope refused to grant it. c.He was trying to unify Great Britain. d.He wanted to be pope, and the College of Cardinals refused to elect an English Catholic. e.He thought the Catholic Church was corrupt and he wanted to protect the English people from its abuses.

b

The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 did not acknowledge that the Indians owned their land.

false

Why were Bartolomeu Dias's and Vasco da Gama's voyages important? a. Their voyages contributed to Christianity reaching Africa for the first time. b. Their voyages opened up much more direct trade with Asia. c. Their voyages led to numerous Portuguese colonies starting in sub-Saharan Africa. d. Their voyages increased the wealth of the Italian city-states. e. Their voyages had the endorsement of Christopher Columbus.

b

How did colonial politics compare with British politics? a. British politics was far more democratic, befitting the British belief in liberty and the number of proprietary and royal colonies. b. Colonists tended to agree with the British that owning property was related to having the right to vote. c. Most colonies, unlike Britain, at least allowed propertied women to vote. d. Elections throughout the colonies were more hotly contested than British ones, with many different candidates and parties represented on the ballot. e. Colonial politics proved far more corrupt until the Licentiousness Act of 1694.

b. Colonists tended to agree with the British that owning property was related to having the right to vote.

Which of the following was a characteristic of the federal government under the Articles of Confederation? a. There were two branches of government—judicial and legislative—but no executive. b. Congress could not levy taxes or regulate commerce. c. Congress was a two-chambered body, with a House of Delegates and a Council. d. Congress could amend the Articles by a two-thirds vote. e. The more populous a state, the more votes it cast in Congress.

b. Congress could not levy taxes or regulate commerce.

In the Pequot war of 1637 a. the Pequot defeated the Puritans in a battle that temporarily drove back the MA Bay settlers to only 3 coastal towns b. Connecticut and Massachusetts soldiers teamed with Narrangansett allies to set the main Pequot village afire and killed 500 Pequots c. The Narrangansetts joined the Pequots to fight the Puritans, leading to the elimination of both tribes d. the Pequots took over the old pilgrim colony and made it their own

b. Connecticut and Massachusetts soldiers teamed with Narrangansett allies to set the main Pequot village afire and killed 500 Pequots

The French and Indian War began because some American colonists felt that: a. the Indians along the frontier finally had to be subdued once and for all. b. France was encroaching on land claimed by the Ohio Company. c. they had to aid the English, who were fighting Napoleon in Europe. d. taxes were too high, so they solicited help from both the French and Indians. e. French Jesuits were converting too many Indians to Catholicism, endangering the Protestant majority on the North American continent.

b. France was encroaching on land claimed by the Ohio Company.

The most famous Great Awakening revivalist minister was: a. John Locke. b. George Whitefield. c. Cotton Mather. d. John Peter Zenger. e. James Oglethorpe.

b. George Whitefield.

What early 1868 action by Andrew Johnson sparked his impeachment by the U.S. House of Representatives? a. He defiantly released a letter showing he had given support to the Confederacy in 1863. b. He allegedly violated the Tenure of Office Act. c. He vetoed a bill to extend the life of the Freedmen's Bureau. d. He bribed a Republican senator to support his Reconstruction policies. e. He fired Secretary of State William Seward, an ally of Radical Republicans

b. He allegedly violated the Tenure of Office Act.

How did southern states react to the Constitution's provisions regarding slavery? a. The personal opposition of Jefferson and Madison to slavery prompted Virginia to oppose ratification at first. b. South Carolina and Georgia immediately began importing increased numbers of Africans, because in twenty years, the international slave trade could be constitutionally prohibited. c. They objected to the electoral college on the grounds that it ignored the number of slaves in their states and thereby reduced their power. d. They were critical of the provision in Article I allowing African-Americans to be armed during wartime. e. They refused to ratify the Constitution without assurances that a bill of rights would be added to protect their right to slave property.

b. South Carolina and Georgia immediately began importing increased numbers of Africans, because in twenty years, the international slave trade could be constitutionally prohibited.

Why did the pilgrims flee the Netherlands? a. they sought new opportunities after a severe economic downturn in the Netherlands that left so many unemployed b. They felt that the surrounding culture was corrupting their children c. England had gone to war with Netherlands, and the pilgrims felt caught in the middle d. the Dutch government ordered them to leave because of their radical religious ideas

b. They felt that the surrounding culture was corrupting their children

Pontiac's Rebellion: a. greatly helped the British defeat the French in the Seven Years' War. b. although named for an Ottawa warrior, owed its origins as much to the teachings of a religious prophet. c. established the Mississippi River as the western boundary of British North America. d. ended with surrender of all the Indian forces only six months after fighting began. e. led Britain to adopt the policy of salutary neglect in its American colonies.

b. although named for an Ottawa warrior, owed its origins as much to the teachings of a religious prophet.

Puritans viewed individual and personal freedom as a. good, because MA Bay leaders welcomed debate over religion b. dangerous to social harmony and community stability c. important, but they banned neighbors from reporting on one another, because that would breed division that would harm the community d. vital, because they had been discouraged from enjoying these back in England

b. dangerous to social harmony and community stability

The U.S. Constitution of 1787 defined who could and could not vote.

false

The U.S. Constitution of 1787 provided a clear definition of U.S. citizenship that excluded blacks.

false

What did the English settlers in North America believe was the basis of liberty? a. literacy b. land c. the English Bill of Rights d. church membership

b. land

John Peter Zenger's libel trial: a. resulted from his publication of news stories questioning the intelligence of the king. b. probably would not have ended in his acquittal if he had attacked someone other than the colonial governor. c. set back freedom of the press when it ended in his conviction and imprisonment for printing the truth. d. showed that the public was not yet ready to accept the idea of freedom of speech. e. led to the overturning of the Licentiousness Act of 1694.

b. probably would not have ended in his acquittal if he had attacked someone other than the colonial governor.

In the eighteenth century, the Spanish empire in North America: a. consisted of a few small and isolated urban clusters until Great Britain conquered it by force. b. rested economically on trading with and extracting labor from surviving Native Americans. c. attracted thousands of settlers after Spain built a series of missions and presidios. d. helped the Native American population to grow considerably through the mission system. e. forced Spanish priests to choose between loyalty to the Pope and loyalty to the king.

b. rested economically on trading with and extracting labor from surviving Native Americans.

Which one of the following is TRUE of indentured servants? a. They could not be sold by their masters b. their masters could determine whether they could marry c. Pregnant women received their freedom early d. They could not be physically punished because, unlike slaves, they had rights as American citizens

b. their masters could determine whether they could marry

How did most Puritans view the separation of Church and state? a. they were so determined to keep it apart that they banned ministers from holding office, fearing that they would enact pro-religious legislation b. they allowed the church and state to be interconnected by requiring each town to est a church and levy a tax to support the minister c. MBC endorsed the puritan faith but allowed anyone the freedom to practice religion d. they had never heard of the concept

b. they allowed the church and state to be interconnected by requiring each town to est a church and levy a tax to support the minister

Under the Treaty of Greenville of 1795: a. the U.S. government allowed Indians to petition for citizenship. b. twelve Indian tribes ceded most of Ohio to the federal government. c. the federal government forbade American settlement west of the Mississippi. d. the United States recognized Great Britain's claim to what is now Ontario. e. Great Britain agreed to remove its remaining forts from U.S. soil.

b. twelve Indian tribes ceded most of Ohio to the federal government.

The most successful colonial governors: a. blocked the rising power of colonial assemblies, thereby pleasing the king and Parliament. b. used their appointive powers and control of land grants to win allies in colonial legislatures. c. abolished the colonial judicial system, whose members frequently overturned their executive orders and legislative action. d. were able to stay in office during the Revolutionary War and went on to enjoy political power after independence. e. had to leave office after twelve years, because the king and Parliament imposed term limits.

b. used their appointive powers and control of land grants to win allies in colonial legislatures.

When assessing the impeachment of Andrew Johnson, what can be determined about this issue? a. Johnson had little support from white southerners. b. Both Congress and the president accused the other of unconstitutional acts. c. Johnson was willing to compromise, but Congress was unwilling to listen. d. The moderate Republicans hoped in general terms to weaken the office of president. e. Johnson survived being removed from office due to overwhelming support from his cabinet.

b.Both Congress and the president accused the other of unconstitutional acts.

With regard to slavery, the Northwest Ordinance of 1787:

banned slavery in the area north of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi River.

During the eighteenth century, colonial assemblies:

became more assertive.

John Jacob Astor, who seemed to exemplify the "self-made man":

became wealthy by trading goods between the United States and China.

Captains of industry like steel magnate Andrew Carnegie and oil man John D. Rockefeller:

began creating or consolidating their fortunes during the Civil War.

During the Civil War, northern white women:

began obtaining jobs as government clerks.

The negotiation of the Treaty of Paris of 1783:

began only after the Battle of Yorktown.

In regard to rights for women, Abigail Adams:

believed laws should not ignore women.

William Lloyd Garrison argued in Thoughts on African Colonization that:

blacks were not "strangers" in America to be shipped abroad, but should be recognized as a permanent part of American society.

As the sixteenth century progressed in New England, the growing commerce:

brought religious and economic values into conflict.

After what major event did the British government make the colonies bear part of the cost of the empire? a. The Declaration of Independence. b. King Philip's War. c. The Seven Years' War. d. The Boston Tea Party. e. The appointment of William Pitt as British prime minister.

c

As leader of the Jamestown Colony, John Smith: a.was a failure and had to return to England. b.improved relations with Native Americans by marrying Pocahontas. c.used rigorous military discipline to hold the colony together. d.used an elaborate reward system to persuade colonists to work. e.set up the first representative assembly in the New World.

c

Compared to the Chesapeake colonies, New England had more economic equality because it had more: a. cash crops. b. timber. c. landowners. d. slaves. e. religious toleration.

c

The U.S. Constitution of 1787 was America's first written constitution.

false

During the seventeenth century, indentured servants: a.made up less than one-third of English settlers in America. b.had to surrender their freedom for a minimum of ten years to come to the colonies. c.had a great deal of trouble acquiring land. d.had to pay half of the fare to get them to the New World. e.were almost entirely Irish.

c

From 1700 to 1776, who was the largest group of people that came to England's mainland colonies? a. Irish. b. Scottish. c. Africans. d. English. e. Germans.

c

In its early years, Carolina was the "colony of a colony" because its original settlers included many: a. former indentured servants from Virginia. b. supporters of Anne Hutchinson seeking refuge from Massachusetts. c. landless sons of wealthy planters in Barbados. d. Protestants upset over Catholic rule in Maryland. e. planters from Cuba hoping to expand their sugarcane empires.

c

In regard to religious toleration, the Puritans: a.ignored the Reformation. b.encouraged religious dissent. c.saw only their faith as the truth. d.accepted only Christian faiths. e.treated Native American priests as equals.

c

In the seventeenth century, New England's economy: a.grew at a very slow rate because few settlers moved to the region. b.suffered because most early settlers were poor and could not gain access to land. c.centered on family farms and also involved the export of fish and timber. d.boasted a significant manufacturing component that employed close to one-third of all men. e.relied heavily on indentured servants in the labor force.

c

Intermarriage between English colonists and Native Americans in Virginia: a. began with the wedding of John Smith and Pocahontas. b. was common. c. was very rare before being outlawed by the Virginia legislature in 1691. d. created a mixed race of Native Americans who often wound up enslaved. e. produced a member of a British royal family who became an Indian chief.

c

Most seventeenth-century migrants to North America from England: A.arrived with other members of their families. B.were single, middle-class men. C.were lower-class men. D.had been released from debtors' prisons. E.sought to escape the Black Death then ravaging England.

c

The Magna Carta: a.was an agreement between King Henry VIII and the Anglican Church. b.guaranteed religious freedom in Great Britain. c.granted many liberties, but mainly to lords and barons. d.was seen as embodying English freedom, until Parliament repealed it in 1722. e.was, like the English Constitution, unwritten.

c

The early South Carolina economy focused on the export of deerskins and furs to England as well as on: a. the cultivation of cotton. b. small-scale manufacturing of firearms for use in raids against Spanish Florida. c. the export of Indian slaves to the Caribbean. d. shipbuilding. e. copper mining.

c

What benefited the Pilgrims when they landed at Plymouth? a.They met a Native American, Opechancanough, who helped them. b.It was the late spring, so it was planting season. c.Native Americans, decimated by disease, left behind cleared fields for farming. d.The local Indian leader considered the English to be divine. e.John Smith arrived to help organize them.

c

What did the British acquire from the Netherlands in the Treaty of Utrecht of 1713? a. sufficient gold to pay off the British national debt b. the right to trade at Dutch outposts in what is now South Africa c. the right to transport slaves from Africa to Spain's New World colonies d. New Netherland, which was then renamed New York e. New Holland, which later became known as Australia

c

Which of the following statements is true about the early history of Jamestown? a.The colony's problems were due largely to its leadership: the same people remained in charge for the first two decades and refused to change their methods. b.The first settlers were farmers and laborers who were so eager to make money that they refused to work and could not be controlled. c.The death rate was extraordinarily high. d.The supplies from England were excellent, but the colonists wasted them. e.John Smith took the credit, but he had nothing to do with Jamestown's success.

c

Which statement about women in the early Virginia colony is FALSE? a.Women mostly came to Virginia as indentured servants. b.Some women took advantage of their legal status as femme sole. c.Women consisted of about half the white population. d.Women often married at a relatively late age—mid-twenties. e.There was a high death rate among women.

c

Why was slavery less prevalent in the northern colonies? a. Northern whites were not as racist as southern whites. b. It was too expensive to transport slaves to the North. c. The small farms of the northern colonies did not need slaves. d. More reformers lived in the North. e. The northern colonies used Indian labor instead.

c

ntermarriage between English colonists and Native Americans in Virginia: a.began with the wedding of John Smith and Pocahontas. b.was common. c.was very rare before being outlawed by the Virginia legislature in 1691. d.created a mixed race of Native Americans who often wound up enslaved. e.produced a member of a British royal family who became an Indian chief.

c

Which issue divided colonial governors appointed by the king and legislatures elected by colonists? a. Legislatures wanted universal white male suffrage, and the governors wanted to maintain the less democratic system under which British politics functioned. b. They were divided about how to respond to the lack of economic growth in the colonies—legislators wanted to act to help the economy, and governors preferred to let events take their course. c. To deal with a scarcity of gold and silver coins, legislatures supported printing paper money despite opposition from the governors. d. Governors wanted slavery outlawed because they considered it antithetical to the British idea of liberty, but legislators supported it. e. Governors wanted life terms for judges, and legislators sought elections every ten years.

c. To deal with a scarcity of gold and silver coins, legislatures supported printing paper money despite opposition from the governors.

What did James Winthrop, a Massachusetts public official, fear about the new Constitution? a. If the Constitution was not ratified, the United States would be picked on by Spain. b. The new Constitution would not be powerful enough to unite all thirteen states. c. Under the Constitution, a citizen would lose basic civil liberties. d. If the Constitution was not ratified, the United States would lose trade to Canada. e. Without the Constitution, the United States would not survive as a nation.

c. Under the Constitution, a citizen would lose basic civil liberties.

The Mayflower Compact established a. religious toleration and freedom in MA b. a company charter to settle New England c. a Civil government for the Plymouth colony d. peaceful relations between English colonists and Indians in Rhode Island

c. a Civil government for the Plymouth colony

Revivalist preachers during the Great Awakening frequently: a. formed influential organizations dedicated to abolishing slavery. b. praised Deism. c. criticized commercial society. d. sought to avoid emotional styles of preaching. e. accepted financial support from colonial governments.

c. criticized commercial society.

In what ways was Puritan church membership a restrictive status? a. although all adult male property owners elected colonial officials, only men who were full church members could vote in local elections b. only property owners could be full members of the Church c. full membership required demonstrating that one had experienced divine grace d. full membership required that one's parents and grandparents had church members

c. full membership required demonstrating that one had experienced divine grace

Property qualifications for holding office: a. were the same in every colony as they were for voting. b. meant that women served regularly in colonial legislatures. c. meant that the landed gentry wielded considerable power in colonial legislatures. d. existed for legislators but not for judges, who were esteemed for their legal ability. e. disappeared from Parliament before they were eliminated by colonial legislatures.

c. meant that the landed gentry wielded considerable power in colonial legislatures.

Hector St. John Crèvecoeur's Letters from an American Farmer: a. argued that America should reject manufacturing and remain an agrarian nation. b. made the author so unpopular in the United States that he was forced to return to France. c. popularized the idea of the United States as a melting pot of ethnicities. d. was a thinly disguised allegory explaining the need for the Constitution. e. made the case that free African-Americans were "citizens of color" deserving of full legal rights.

c. popularized the idea of the United States as a melting pot of ethnicities.

In The History of the American Revolution, David Ramsay: a. urged southern states to demand greater protection for slavery before ratifying the Constitution. b. took the British side when explaining why the Revolution occurred. c. praised American state constitutions for allowing future amendments. d. argued that the Constitution represented a repudiation of the Revolution. e. took issue with James Madison's vision of "extending the sphere."

c. praised American state constitutions for allowing future amendments.

Deists shared the ideas of eighteenth-century European Enlightenment thinkers, namely that: a. the universe was unknowable. b. Christ's divinity was beyond question. c. science could uncover God's laws that governed the natural order. d. God did not exist. e. divine revelation was necessary for a proper understanding of truth.

c. science could uncover God's laws that governed the natural order.

What did the Paxton Boys demand? a. that liquor not be banned in Georgia b. that slave codes be tightened in New York c. that the Indians be removed from Pennsylvania d. that the French be hanged in Quebec e. that John Peter Zenger be tried for treason

c. that the Indians be removed from Pennsylvania

Which commodity drove the African slave trade in Brazil and the West Indies during the seventeenth century? a. Tobacco. b. Indigo. c. Silver. d. Cotton. e. Sugar.

e

The American version of the Enlightenment: a. produced no one who achieved world renown, unlike the English and French versions. b. led to the increased popularity of Arminianism but not of Deism. c. was exemplified by Benjamin Franklin. d. had no impact on religion. e. was sparked by Isaac Newton's colonial tour in 1739.

c. was exemplified by Benjamin Franklin.

Most seventeenth-century migrants to North America from England a. arrived with their families b. were single, middle-class men c. were lower-class men d. had been released from debtors' prisons

c. were lower-class men

Anne hutchinson's trial demonstrated that:

church elders lacked tolerance.

By the late 1830's the South's proslavery argument?

claimed that slavery was essential to human economic and cultural progress

by the late 1830's the souths proslavery argument

claimed that slavery was essential to human economic and cultural progress

Slave Religion

combined African traditions and Christian beliefs

Slave religion:

combined African traditions and Christian beliefs.

slave religion

combined african traditions and christian beliefs

In their relations with Native Americans, the Dutch:

concentrated more on economics than religious conversion.

The Seneca Falls Convention's Declaration of Sentiments:

condemned the entire structure of inequality between men and women.

In the congressional elections of 1946, - Democrats from the South and Republicans in the North regained control of the U.S. Congress. Anticipating - of his proposals in Congress during a presidential election year, Truman proposed legislation to promote -.

conservative, rejection, racial,economic, and social equality

In the early to mid-nineteenth century, property qualifications for voting:

continued in Virginia because large slaveholders dominated the state's politics

In the wake of the War of 1812, younger Republicans like Henry Clay and John Calhoun:

continued to support agrarianism but believed that the nation's economic independence required a manufacturing sector.

During the first half of the nineteenth century, free black Americans:

could not, under federal law, obtain public land.

Abolitionists challenged stereotypes about African-Americans by:

countering the pseudoscientific claim that they formed a separate species.

Vichy France

countries in North Africa and parts of France under Axis control

Identify Truman's proposals to Congress in 1848 regarding civil rights and equality.

creation of a permanent civil rights commission national laws outlawing lynching national laws prohibiting a poll tax

Revivalist preachers during the Great Awakening frequently:

criticized commercial society

The Democratic-Republican Societies of the 1790s:

criticized the Washington administration.

Angelina and Sarah Grimké:

critiqued the prevailing notion of separate spheres for men and women.

In early seventeenth-century Massachusetts, freeman status was granted to adult males who: A.owned land, regardless of their church membership. B.had served their term as indentured servants. C.were freed slaves. D.were landowning church members. e.voted.

d

The Mayflower Compact established: a.religious toleration and freedom in Massachusetts. b.the right to emigrate to America. c.a company chartered to settle New England. d.a civil government for the Plymouth Colony. e.peaceful relations between English colonists and Indians in Rhode Island.

d

The Virginia slave code of 1705: a. simply brought together old aspects of the laws governing slaves and slavery. b. completely rewrote and changed the earlier slave laws. c. embedded the principle of white supremacy in law. d. made clear that slaves were subject to the will of their masters but not to anyone who could not claim ownership of them. e. was the work of Nathaniel Bacon

d

When comparing the Chesapeake colonies to the New England settlements: a. Virginia emphasized religion. b. New England had much more peaceful relations with the Native Americans. c. tobacco grew better in New England. d. there were more indentured servants in the Chesapeake region. e. in the beginning, Virginia had more women.

d

Envisioning the nation as a community open to all those devoted to its political institutions and social values is what? a. Federalism. b. Religious toleration. c. Ethnic nationalism. d. Civic nationalism. e. Separation of powers.

d. Civic nationalism.

The Half-Way Covenant of 1662 a. set up civil government in MA b. allowed Baptists and Quakers to attend, but not join, Puritan churches c. permitted anyone who paid the tithe to be baptized in the Puritan church d. did not require evidence of conversion to receive a kind of church membership

d. did not require evidence of conversion to receive a kind of church membership

Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress was able to: a. create a new tax policy that would better fund the government. b. block the passage of numerous constitutional amendments. c. eliminate a provision giving judges power to reject congressional acts. d. establish national control over land to the west of the thirteen states. e. sign major treaties with France and Spain.

d. establish national control over land to the west of the thirteen states.

The three-fifths clause in the U.S. Constitution: a. expired in the year 1808 because of a key sectional compromise at the Constitutional Convention. b. made it easier to amend the Constitution than it had been to amend the Articles of Confederation. c. requires that all revenue bills receive a three-fifths affirmative vote in the U.S. House. d. gave the white South greater power in national affairs than the size of its free population warranted. e. explicitly declared that slaves were not fully human and were therefore undeserving of legal rights.

d. gave the white South greater power in national affairs than the size of its free population warranted.

Which English groups did the most to reshape Native American society and culture in the seventeenth century? a. traders b. religious missionaries c. colonial authorities d. settlers farming the land

d. settlers farming the land

The Fifteenth Amendment: a. was endorsed by President Andrew Johnson. b. granted women the right to vote in federal but not state elections. c. was drafted by Susan B. Anthony. d. sought to guarantee that one could not be denied suffrage rights based on race. e. made states responsible for determining all voter qualifications.

d. sought to guarantee that one could not be denied suffrage rights based on race.

What was the primary purpose of the Proclamation of 1763? a. to end the slave trade b. to protect the Indians c. to open up more land for settlement d. to bring stability to the colonial frontier e. to prohibit Catholicism in the territory newly acquired from France

d. to bring stability to the colonial frontier

Puritans viewed individual and personal freedom as:

dangerous to social harmony and community stability.

In an 1837 case involving the Charles River in Massachusetts, Chief Justice Roger Taney:

declared that the community had a legitimate interest in promoting transportation and prosperity.

The Monroe Doctrine:

declared the Americas off-limits for further European colonization.

The assumption among ordinary people that wealth, education, and social prominence carried with them a right to public office was called

deference

Which of the following were issues the Truman administration had to confront after the completion of World War II?

demobilization of the armed forces inflation

Thomas Jefferson's views on religion and Christian doctrines:

demonstrated his rejection of the divinity of Jesus.

General Sherman marched from Atlanta to the sea in order to:

demoralize the South's civilian population.

Lincoln's second inaugural address:

described the Civil War as divine punishment.

Pierre Charles L'Enfant is well known for:

designing Washington, D.C.

Identify the international events and conflicts that led to the development of the Cold War.

development of the atomic bomb commitment to preventing further expansion of Soviet influence emergence of the Soviet sphere of influence after WWII

During the Civil War, black soldiers:

did not apply to the border slave states that had not seceded.

The Emancipation Proclamation of January 1, 1863:

did not apply to the border slave states that had not seceded.

The Half-Way Covenant of 1662:

did not require evidence of conversion to grant a kind of church membership.

In contrast to the Chesapeake region, the population in New England:

did not stress family-based activities.

"Silent sabotage" can be defined as when slaves:

did poor work and broke tools

gender roles under slavery

differed fomr those of white society because men and women alike suffered a sense of powerlessness

Gender roles under slavery

differed from those of white society because men and women alike suffered a sense of powerlessness

Gender roles under slavery:

differed from those of white society because men and women alike suffered a sense of powerlessness.

The Dorr War:

divided Rhode Islanders over the issue of expanding voting rights for white men.

As early as 1615, the __________ people of present-day southern Ontario and upper New York State forged a trading alliance with the French, and many of them converted to Catholicism. a. Pequot b. Lenni Lenape c. Iroquois d. Cherokee e. Huron

e

During the reign of __________, the English government turned its attention to North America by granting charters to Humphrey Gilbert and Walter Raleigh for the establishment of colonies there. a. Henry VIII b. Mary I c. James I d. James II e. Elizabeth I

e

In regards to the Stamp Act Congress of 1765, which statement was true? a. The Congress wanted to stop written protests of the tax. b. The Congress hoped to end boycotts. c. According to the Congress, colonial governors should make decisions unilaterally. d. The Congress did not want the colonies to work together. e. The Congress did not look to declare independence from England.

e

When Native Americans first encountered Europeans, what led to the European diseases being so deadly? a. Native Americans had been struggling with basic survival. b. The diet of most Native Americans lacked meat, so they had no consistent amounts of protein. c. Most Europeans spread the diseases on purpose. d. The Native Americans had no tribal doctors or healers. e. Centuries of continental isolation meant the Native Americans had no immunity.

e

"Salutary neglect" meant: a. providing little oversight of slaves engaged in the task system. b. colonial legislatures were supposed to meet only when absolutely necessary. c. failing to salute British officers was a punishable offense for colonists. d. the same thing that "child neglect" means today. e. British governments left the colonies largely alone to govern themselves.

e. British governments left the colonies largely alone to govern themselves.

How did Thomas Jefferson react to Shays's Rebellion? a. He wanted the state of Massachusetts to quickly put down the revolt. b. He did not know about the rebellion because he was in France. c. He urged George Washington to lead the rebels. d. He urged that troops be raised by the national government. e. He was not alarmed, seeing it as a positive for the United States.

e. He was not alarmed, seeing it as a positive for the United States.

What qualifications did the Constitution, ratified in 1787, impose for voting? a. It allowed all white males over twenty-one to vote and said nothing about women. b. It specifically banned African-Americans from voting. c. It imposed a property requirement. d. It allowed all white males over twenty-one to vote but expressly banned women. e. None; it left voting rules to the states.

e. None; it left voting rules to the states.

What was "the first object of government," according to James Madison? a. Secure freedom. b. Feed the poor. c. Protect free speech. d. Guarantee voting rights. e. Protect property rights.

e. Protect property rights.

Which of the following is true of American national identity as envisioned by the Constitution of 1787? a. The Constitution expressly stated that only white men were entitled to the rights it delineated. b. The document distinguished only between those defined as American citizens, who were entitled to constitutionally protected rights, and aliens, who were not so entitled. c. The Constitution made clear that only civic nationalism, not ethnic nationalism, defined American national identity. d. The Constitution clearly states that persons of African descent could not be U.S. citizens, but that anyone of European or Asian descent could be. e. The "people" were free Americans; Native Americans and "other persons," meaning African-American slaves, were not considered part of the political nation.

e. The "people" were free Americans; Native Americans and "other persons," meaning African-American slaves, were not considered part of the political nation.

The English finally became successful in defeating the French in the Seven Years' War under the leadership of: a. George Washington. b. Edward Braddock. c. Robert Carter. d. John Locke. e. William Pitt.

e. William Pitt.

The Freedmen's Bureau: a. was badly administered because director O. O. Howard lacked military experience. b. won much southern white support because it consistently supported the planters in disputes with former slaves. c. carried out a successful program of distributing land to every former slave family. d. enjoyed the strong support of President Andrew Johnson in its work on behalf of civil rights. e. made notable achievements in improving African-American education and health care.

e. made notable achievements in improving African-American education and health care.

During the early years of the republic, African-Americans: a. were all held as slaves except for a few free blacks in Massachusetts. b. found a champion for the cause of emancipation in Hector St. John Crèvecoeur. c. were far fewer in number than Native Americans, so ignoring them was easy for the founders and early leaders. d. enjoyed none of the rights whites enjoyed. e. made up about 20 percent of the total population.

e. made up about 20 percent of the total population.

Which one of the following did NOT contribute to the expansion of the public sphere during the eighteenth century? a. the establishment of literary and philosophical clubs b. widespread literacy c. the proliferation of newspapers and libraries d. the trial of John Peter Zenger e. the founding of the California missions

e. the founding of the California missions

The term "Lords of the Loom" refers to?

early New England factory owners

The term "Lords of the Loom" refers to:

early New England factory owners.

the term lords of the loom rfers to

early new england factory owners

Friedrich Hayek's work The Road to Serfdom argued that economic planning ultimately threatened liberty. Conservatives used this book to justify a decreased role for the state in the economy, by equating fascism and socialism with the New Deal.

economic planning, a decrease, New deal

As a result of British landowners evicting peasants from their lands in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries:

efforts were made to persuade or even force those who had been evicted to settle in the New World, thereby easing the British population crisis.

The Virginia slave code of 1705:

embedded the principle of white supremacy in law.

While the concept of American liberty was being redefined by activists and the Supreme Court, the new appreciation for freedom of expression was not universal. Identify the outcomes of the following committees and courts in this process.

established in 1938 to investigate disloyalty Correct label: House Un-American Activities Committee made it a federal crime to "teach, advocate, or encourage" the overthrow of the United States government Correct label: Smith Act

Identify the key initiatives of Truman's Fair Deal.

expand Social Security increase funding for public education national health care expand public housing

At the time of independence, the nation was largely urban, with most of its population residing in the large seacoast cities.

false

George Washington made a significant statement about slavery when he freed his slaves before taking the presidential office. (T/F)

false

Jefferson was unsure whether African-Americans were fixed permanently in a status of inferiority.

false

Jefferson was unsure whether African-Americans were fixed permanently in a status of inferiority. (T/F)

false

President William Howard Taft was a strong proponent of using military intervention to achieve his foreign diplomacy goals.

false

What does this reveal about immigration in the United States in the 1920s?

had the largest quota for new immigrants Correct label: Great Britain and Northern Ireland had the largest immigrant population in the United States in 1914 Correct label: Italy Immigration from this region to the United States was not allowed. Correct label: Asia

Crispus Attucks:

has been called the first martyr of the American Revolution.

Cornwallis was defeated at Yorktown because:

he had no land or water escape route.

When Roger Williams established the colony of Rhode Island:

he made sure that it was more democratic than Massachusetts Bay.

Horace Mann believed that public schools would do all of the following EXCEPT:

help eliminate racial discrimination

During the Civil War, northern Protestant ministers:

helped create a civic religion combining Christianity and patriotism.

During the Civil War, black soldiers:

helped inspire Republicans to believe that emancipation also demanded equal rights before the law.

Tobacco plantations in the Chesapeake region:

helped make the Chesapeake colony models of mercantilism

The controversy over Peggy Eaton:

helped to enhance Martin Van Buren's influence during the Jackson administration.

Henry Hudson:

hoped to find the Northwest Passage to Asia.

When Democrats demanded the "reannexation" of Texas in 1844, they:

implied that Texas had once been part of the United States through the Louisiana Purchase.

Burned-over districts were:

in New York and Ohio, where intense revivals occurred.

The British Navigation Acts contradicted the ideas:

in Wealth of Nations.

which of the following was not true of the south and slavery in 19th century america

in the south as a whole, slaves made up only 10 percent of population

which of the following was NOT true of the south and slavery in the 19th century america?

in the south as a whole, slaves made up only 10% of the population.

The French in North America

included a significant number of Nova Scotians who relocated to southern Louisiana, creating the group known as Cajuns

The British concept of liberty:

included both formal restraints on authority and a collection of specific rights

The British concept of liberty:

included both formal restraints on authority and a collection of specific rights.

Slave resistance in the eighteenth century:

included rebellions in both northern and southern colonies that led to the deaths of several of those involved in planning the conspiracies

The participants in South Carolina's Stono Rebellion:

included some of apparently had been soldiers in Africa

The participants in South Carolina's Stono Rebellion:

included some who apparently had been soldiers in Africa.

National security became the stated reason for aiding higher education and building a new highway system. The military-industrial complex developed during WWII became permanent.

inflation demobilization of the armed forces

Although it lasted only a few years, the New Harmony community:

influenced education reformers and women's rights advocates.

During his debate with Abraham Lincoln in Freeport, Illinois, Stephen Douglas:

insisted that popular sovereignty was compatible with the Dred Scott decision.

Congress nearly passed a clause in the Ordinance of 1784 that would have prohibited slavery throughout the West.

true

To what outcomes did many Progressives hope American participation in World War I would lead?

instill a sense of national unity and self-sacrifice, and expand social justice realign American society's values around science, rather than religion disseminate American Progressive values around the globe

Identify the roles of the following government agencies during World War I.

instructed farmers on modern methods of cultivation and distributed food to war-torn countries in Europe -The Food Administration monitored all aspects of wartime production, and put into place standard specifications for the manufacture of goods -War Industries Board instituted a minimum wage and eight-hour workday to ensure workers' rights -War Labor Board

the end of slavery in most latin american nations

invloved gradual emancipation accompianed by recongnation of owners' legal rights to slave property

Violent social turmoil in rural areas during the 1760s:

involved events in both northern and southern colonies.

The end of slavery in most Latin American nation?

involved gradual emancipation accompanied by recognition of owners' legal rights to slave property

The end of slavery in most Latin American nations:

involved gradual emancipation accompanied by recognition of owners' legal rights to slave property.

Just as the reconquest of Spain from the Moors established patterns that would be repeated in Spanish New World colonization, the methods used in which of the following countries anticipated policies England would undertake in America?

ireland

Monitor and Merrimac were:

ironclad ships.

The Stamp Act created such a stir in the colonies because:

it was the first direct tax Parliament imposed on the colonies.

The Anti-Federalist James Winthrop argued that a bill of rights was necessary in the Constitution because:

it would secure the minority against the usurpation and tyranny of the majority.

When Mexico won its independence from Spain in 1821:

its Indian population was relatively large compared to its non-Indian population.

Among the Confederacy's advantages during the Civil War was:

its large size, which made it more difficult for the Union to conquer.

who said that the language in the decleratio of independace- that all men were created equal and entitled to liberty- was "the most false and dangerous of all politial errors"

john c calhoun

In its early years, Carolina was the "colony of a colony" because its original settlers included many:

landless sons of wealthy planters in Barbados.

The 1925 Scopes trial in Tennessee threw into sharp contrast the division between fundamentalism and modern secular culture. Identify the key groups and people involved in the famous trial.

lawyer for the prosecution who was a famous populist politician, former candidate for president, and fundamentalist Christian Correct label: Williams Jennings Bryan crucial Scopes defender that believed freedom meant above all the right to independent thought and individual self-expression Correct label: American Civil Liberties Union famous defense attorney who defended Scopes Correct label: Clarence Darrow

The Paris peace conference attracted many anticolonial nationalists from across the British and French empires. Identify the accomplishments of these activists.

leader of Vietnamese nationalists opposed to French colonial rule -Nguyen That Thahn organizer of a Pan-African Congress who proposed German African colonies be turned into an independent nation -W. E. B. Du Bois

The attack by Massachusetts colonists on the home of lieutenant governor and chief justice Thomas Hutchinson:

led Hutchinson to believe that effective British rule would require the loss of some liberties for the colonists.

The Sedition Act of 1798:

led Jefferson to argue that states, not the federal government, could punish seditious speech.

American settlement in Texas in the 1820s and 1830s:

led Stephen Austin to demand more autonomy from Mexican officials.

The slave rebellion aboard the Amistad:

led to a Supreme Court decision freeing the slaves.

The development of rice plantations in South Carolina:

led to a black majority in that colony by the 1730s.

The development of rice plantations in South Carolina

led to a black majority in the colony by the 1730s

The Republican free labor ideology:

led to the argument by Abraham Lincoln and William Seward that free labor and slave labor were essentially incompatible.

Racism in the North resulted in:

limited economic opportunities for African-Americans.

Women who worked at the Lowell mills:

lived in closely supervised boarding houses.

In response to the market revolution:

local judges protected businessmen from paying property damages associated with factory construction and from workers seeking to unionize.

When George Washington took office as the first president of the United States, American leaders believed that the new nation's success depended on:

maintaining political harmony.

Identify the contributions of the following individuals and groups to the Popular Front.

mobilized popular support for black defendants victimized by a racist criminal justice system Correct label: International Labor Defense American composer whose song "Ballad for Americans" celebrated the religious, racial, and ethnic diversity of American society Correct label: Earl Robinson photographer who captured everyday life of migrants and sharecroppers Correct label: Dorothea Lange

During the first two years of the war, Union forces were generally:

more successful in the West than in the East.

Urban slaves:

most often were domestic servants.

urban slaves

most often were domestic servants.

Opechancanough:

mounted a surprise attack against Plymouth in the 1620s.

Many of the members of Jackson's Kitchen Cabinet, as his group of close advisers was known, were:

newspaper editors.

which of the following stories did not play a central role in black christianity

noah and the ark

The "Sea Island Experiment" refers to:

northern reformers' efforts to assist former slaves with the transition to freedom.

What was the overall significance of the New Deal and its legacy?

not a significance of the New Deal Correct label: It drastically decreased unemployment and ended the Depression prior to World War II. significance of the New Deal Correct label: It enhanced the power of the national government. Correct label: It made the Democratic Party the majority party in the country for the next thirty to forty years. Correct label: It was the first time that the government intervened to promote the right of labor, by recognizing workers' right to organize unions.

Frederick Douglass viewed the abolition of slavery as:

not the end of the nation's work, but the beginning of a new phase of it.

By the time of Jackson's presidency, politics:

often emphasized individual politicians with mass followings and popular nicknames

The free black population after the Revolution:

often enjoyed the right to vote if its male members met taxpaying or property qualifications.

After the Revolution, African-Americans in the North:

often wound up in a state similar to that of indentured servitude.

Eisenhower presided over the largest public-works enterprise in American history, the building of the 41,000-mile interstate highway system, in order to ensure armies and civilian populations could move on autobahn-like highways to reduce the casualty in the event of a Soviet attack. Identify the industries that benefited most from this act in the end.

oil companies automakers

The internal slave trade in the United States involved the movement of hundreds of thousands of enslaved persons from:

older states like Virginia to the Lower South.

The internal slave trade in the United States involved the movement of hundreds of thousands of enslaved persons from:

older states like Virginia to the lower South

the internal slave trade in the us states involved the movement of hundreds of thousands of enslaved persons from

older states like virginia to the lower south

Anne Hutchinson:

opposed Puritan ministers who distinguished saints from the damned through church attendance and moral behavior rather than through focusing on an inner state of grace.

on the plantation the white employee in charge of ensuring a profitable crop for the plantation master was called the

overseer

The "American System of manufactures":

owed a great deal to Eli Terry's development of interchangeable parts in clockmaking.

To qualify as a member of the planter class, a person had to be engaged in southern agriculture and?

own at least twenty slaves

If Massachusetts Bay's Jonathan Winthrop had been present at the start of the Pennsylvania colony, he would have:

praised the idea of religion serving as a model for the colony.

Identify the main objectives of these Allied leaders at the Paris peace conference.

primarily concerned with getting what was due to the British empire and ensuring Germany was morally held responsible for the war Correct label: Prime Minister Lloyd George wanted to approve his Fourteen Points plan in order to achieve a just peace and new world order Correct label: President Woodrow Wilson concerned with the interests of France, as the country had suffered the most damage and causalities out of all of the Allies Correct label: Prime Minister George Clemenceau did not attend due to conflicts in his home country Correct label: Vladimir Lenin

John Peter Zenger's libel trial:

probably would not have ended in his acquittal if he had attacked someone other than the colonial governor.

In the first half of the nineteenth century, paper money:

promised to pay the bearer on demand a specific amount of gold or silver.

To what outcomes did many Progressives hope American participation in World War I would lead?

realign American society's values around science, rather than religion disseminate American Progressive values around the globe instill a sense of national unity and self-sacrifice, and expand social justice

The opponents of the Compromise of 1850:

received a boost from President Zachary Taylor.

In Puritan marriages:

reciprocal affection and companionship were the ideal.

When Andrew Jackson had the chance to obtain African-American help to fight the British in the Battle of New Orleans, he:

recruited free men of color and promised them the same pay that white recruits received.

Denmark Vesey's conspiracy:

reflected a combination of American and African influences.

Denmark Vesey Conspiracy

reflected a combination of American and african influences

The Charter of Liberties and Privileges in New York:

reflected in part an effort by the British to exert their influence and control over the Dutch.

The Massachusetts General Court:

reflected the Puritans' desire to govern the colony without outside interference.

In the South, thepaternalist ethos?

reflected the hierarchical society in which the planter took responsibility for the lives of those around him

In the South, the paternalist ethos:

reflected the hierarchical society in which the planter took responsibility for the lives of those around him.

The efforts to emancipate slaves in the 1770s and 1780s:

reflected the importance of property rights.

As governor of New Netherland, Petrus Stuyvesant:

refused the open practice of religion by Quakers and Lutherans.

in the south, the paternalist ethos

relfected the hierarchial society in which the planter took responsibility for the lives of those around him

From 1840 to 1860, the price of a "prime field hand?

rose about 80 percent, which made it harder for southern whites to enter the slaveholding class

From 1840 to 1860, the price of a "prime field hand":

rose about 80 percent, which made it harder for southern whites to enter the slaveholding class.

The Somerset case:

ruled that slavery was unlawful in England.

Which of the following were agreed to at the Yalta conference of 1945?

secret plans to divide the political influence in southern and eastern Europe between the British and the Russians Russia would enter into the Pacific war.

In the 1850s, Tennessee-born William Walker became famous for:

seeking to establish himself as ruler of a slaveholding Nicaragua.

which of the following is a true statement relative to the upper south and the deep south

several upper south states did not join the confederacy at the time of the civil war

Thomas Jefferson believed that African-Americans:

should eventually be able to enjoy their natural rights, but they would have to leave the United States to do so.

Frederick Douglass argued that:

slaves were truer to the principles of the Declaration of Independence than were most white Americans.

Fredrick Douglas argued that

slaves were truer to the principles of the declaration of independence than were most white americans

frederick douglass argued that

slaves were truer to the principles of the decleration of the independance than were most white americans

all of the following statements are true of the work done by southern states EXCEPT:

slaves worked exclusively as agricultural field hands and house servants

Compared to slave revolts in Brazil and in the West Indies, slave revolts in the United States were:

smaller in scale and less frequent

compared to slave revolts in brazil and in the west indies, slave revolts in the united states were

smaller in scale and less frequent

Compared to slave revolts in Brazil and in the West Indies, slave revolts in the United States were:

smaller in scale and less frequent.

Pre-Columbian Native Americans lacked metal tools:

so Europeans felt they were superior.

Eisenhower's secretary of state, John Foster Dulles, announced an updated version of the doctrine of containment called "massive retaliation." Identify the statements below that describe massive retaliation and its impacts on the country.

stated that any Soviet attack on the United States would be countered with nuclear assault created a risk that a small conflict could escalate into a nuclear disaster resulted in Americans living in fear of nuclear war, with many building bomb shelters in their backyards

Which of the following was a consequence of the Seven Years' War?

strengthened pride among American colonists about being part of the British empire

Unlike the Stamp Act, the Townshend Acts focused on:

taxing goods imported into the colonies.

The proliferation of new institutions such as poorhouses and asylums for the insane during the antebellum era demonstrated the:

tension between liberation and control in the era's reform movements

A primary reason that both women and blacks were largely excluded from the expansion of democracy was:

that both groups were viewed as being naturally incapable and thus unfit for suffrage

Virtual representation was the idea:

that each member of Britain's House of Commons represented the entire empire, not just his own district.

Black organizations embraced the language of - and used it for their own purposes. They insisted that by - the American image abroad, racial inequality played into - hands. Thus, they helped to cement Cold War ideology as the foundation of the political culture, while complicating the idea of -.

the Cold War, damaging, Russian, American freedom

1919 was a year of worldwide social and political upheaval. Identify the events that took place during this year that contributed to the historic changes taking place around the globe.

the Great Steel Strike the Russian Revolution and civil war

Identify the act or law in which the United States agreed to provide military aid to countries without receiving payment as long as those countries promised to return the military equipment after the conclusion of hostilities.

the Lend-Lease Act

It can be argued that conflict between the English settlers and local Indians in Virginia became inevitable when:

the Native Americans realized that England wanted to establish a permanent and constantly expanding colony, not just a trading post.

As president, Theodore Roosevelt was far more active in international diplomacy than any of his predecessors. Which of these international events were the results of Roosevelt's active foreign policy?

the Panama Canal Zone peace settlement ending the Russo-Japanese War

In its decision in McCulloch v. Maryland, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that:

the Second Bank of the United States was constitutional.

Which of these events moved President Wilson, and America, toward entering World War I?

the Zimmermann Telegram the sinking of the RMS Lusitania

An example of a freedom that most Native Americans would hold in high esteem would be:

the chance to work with other tribe members to build a house.

what event is credidited with helping to ingrain the paternalist ethos more deeply into the lives of southern slaveholders

the closing of th african slave trade

Which event is credited with helping to ingrain the paternalist ethos more deeply into the lives of southern slaveholders?

the closing of the African slave trade

Identify the causes of the population increase that followed the baby boom that took place after World War II.

the continued increase in births the availability of "miracle" drugs that extended life expectancy

The economic boom of the 1950s was caused by a combination of several factors. Identify the causes of this exceptional growth in the 1950s.

the country's global dominance government policies

John Adams recommended George Washington as commander of the Continental army because:

the fact that Washington was from Virginia could help unify the colonists.

defenders of american slavery claimed that british emaniciapation in the 1830s had been failure because

the freed slaves grew less sugar cane, which hurt the economy of the carribbean

Defenders of American slavery claimed that British emancipation in the 1830s had been a failure because

the freed slaves grew less sugarcane, which hurt the economy of the Carribbean

According to the economic theory known as mercantilism:

the government should regulate economic activity so as to promote national power.

Women writers benefited from:

the growth of the reading public, part of the democratization of American life.

Rehearsals for Reconstruction during the Civil War demonstrated that:

the main aspiration of former slaves was the ownership of their own land.

Portuguese trading posts along the western coast of Africa were called factories because:

the merchants were known as factors.

What does Smith believe is the essence of freedom of speech?

the right to have unpopular beliefs, to protest, to criticize, and to not have the government controlling one's thoughts

What did the British acquire from the Netherlands in the Treaty of Utrecht of 1713?

the right to transport slaves from Africa to Spain's New World colonies

A commonality shared between the Asians who crossed the Bering Strait and the Europeans who crossed the Atlantic Ocean thousands of years later was:

the search for food items.

Which of these events moved President Wilson, and America, toward entering World War I?

the sinking of the Lusitania Zimmerman Telegraph

According to the mid-nineteenth-century physicians and racial theorists Josiah Nott and George Gliddon:

there was a hierarchy of races, with blacks forming a separate species between whites and chimpanzees.

When comparing the Chesapeake colonies to the New England settlements:

there were more indentured servants in the Chesapeake region.

The Sugar Act alarmed colonists, in part because it:

threatened the profits of colonial merchants already in economic trouble.

The Puritans believed that male authority in the household was:

to be unquestioned.

The main point of The American Crisis is:

to inspire American soldiers to continue to fight despite demoralizing military losses.

During the 1780s, what would an American say was the best option for Native Americans in the United States?

to leave the United States.

Identify the goals of the National Resources Planning Board.

to redistribute income to expand Social Security to improve access to health care

The catalyst for the market revolution was a series of innovations in

transportation and communication.

When Europeans arrived, many Native Americans:

tried to use them to enhance their standing with other Native Americans.

Anti-Federalists were concerned that the Constitution severely limited liberty. (T/F)

true

Battles over Indian territory continued after ratification of the Constitution.

true

Battles over Indian territory continued after ratification of the Constitution. (T/F)

true

Under the Treaty of Greenville of 1795:

twelve Indian tribes ceded most of Ohio and Indiana to the federal government.

Under the Treaty of Greenville of 1795:

twelve Indian tribes ceded most of Ohio to the federal government.

During the process of ratifying the Constitution:

two states, Rhode Island and North Carolina, voted against ratification.

As a result of the religious freedom created by the Revolution:

upstart churches began challenging the well-established churches.

which of the following statements about religious life among African-American in southern cities is true

urban free blacks sometimes formed their own churches

What did the Reverend Charles C. Jones of Jones of Georgia NOT do?

urge an end to slavery

As leader of the Jamestown Colony, John Smith:

used rigorous military discipline to hold the colony together.

Shays's Rebellion:

used the example of the Revolution and the terminology of liberty in organizing.

The most successful colonial governors

used their appointive powers and control of land grants to win allies in colonial legislatures

As president, John Tyler:

vetoed a bill to create a new national bank, thus angering Whigs.

after an 1831 slave rebellion, which states legistalture debated, but did not approve, a plan for gradual emancipation of slaves in that slave state

virgina

harriet tubman

waas a fugitive slave who risked her life many times to bring others out of slavery

The Olive Branch Petition:

was addressed to King George III and reaffirmed American loyalty to the crown.

The Panic of 1837:

was caused, in part, by a decline in British demand for American cotton.

The idea of liberalism in eighteenth-century British politics:

was compatible with inequalities in wealth and well-being

The idea of liberalism in eighteenth-century British politics:

was compatible with inequalities in wealth and well-being.

The Virginia House of Burgesses:

was created as part of the Virginia Company's effort to encourage the colony's survival.

The Erie Canal:

was far longer than any other canal in the United States at that time.

Mary Wollstonecraft's A Vindication of the Rights of Woman:

was inspired by Thomas Paine's Rights of Man.

The New Jersey Plan:

was mainly supported by the smaller, less populated states.

Unlike slavery in America, slavery in Africa:

was more likely to be based in the household than on an agricultural plantation.

Captain Jacob Leisler, the head of the rebel militia that took control of New York in 1689:

was overthrown and killed in so grisly a manner that the rivalry between his friends and foes polarized New York politics for years.

During the first half of the nineteenth century, individualism:

was rooted in the idea of self-sufficiency.

Lincoln's vision during the Civil War:

was that the American nation embodied a set of universal ideals rooted in political democracy and human freedom.

The German migration to the English colonies:

was to frontier areas as farmers.

The language of British liberty:

was used by humble members of society as well as by the elite

Intermarriage between English colonists and Native Americans in Virginia: .

was very rare before being outlawed by the Virginia legislature in 1691

The Spanish empire in America:

was, unlike the French and English New World empires, a mostly urban civilization.

In his essay "The Laboring Classes," Orestes Brownson argued that:

wealth and labor were at war.

The 104 settlers who remained in Virginia after the ships that brought them from England returned home:

were all men, reflecting the Virginia Company's interest in searching for gold as opposed to building a functioning society.

The French in North America:

were greatly outnumbered by the British on the continent.

slave familes

were headed by women more frequently than were in white familes

Slave Families

were headed by women more frequently than were white families.

Slave families:

were headed by women more frequently than were white families.

Most seventeenth-century migrants to North America from England:

were lower-class men