History 1301 mid term

What was the significance of the Ohio Valley during the eighteenth century?

Caught in imperial rivalries, it was viewed as a lush and promising location for future white settlement.

What idea did both the Regulators and Stamp Act Congress share?

Colonists wanted to be represented in the government.

Which of the following was a characteristic of the federal government under the Articles of Confederation?

Congress could not levy taxes or regulate commerce.

New Netherland extended from Quebec to the lower Mississippi Valley.

False

The Indian belief that sacred spirits could be found in living and inanimate things is called "existentialism."

False

The French and Indian War began because some American colonists felt that

France was encroaching on land claimed by the Ohio Company.

The Seneca, Mohawk, and Oneida created the

Great League of Peace.

Why was Thomas Jefferson not among those alarmed by Shays's Rebellion?

He believed that occasional rebellion refreshed the spirit of liberty.

Which of the following approaches did Thomas Paine take when writing Common Sense?

He presented the case for American independence as backed by simple facts while also passionately describing it as a chance to fight oppression.

How did Cortés conquer the Aztecs?

He relied on iron weapons and gun powder.

Why did King Henry VIII break from the Catholic Church?

He wanted a divorce from Catherine of Aragon, and the pope refused to grant it.

Which statement best summarizes the difference between the Massachusetts Bay Colony and the colony of Rhode Island, with regard to the religious lives of their citizens?

Massachusetts believed that in order to create the godly "City on the Hill," all citizens needed to be unified in their adherence to a specific Protestant Christianity, while Rhode Island's founders believed that freedom of conscience led the way to purer individual faith and a more godly society.

The southern portion of the Iberian Peninsula was occupied until 1492 by which of the following religious groups?

Muslims

In the 1500s and 1600s, the Spanish in the Americas relied on which of the following groups to work fields and mines?

Native American workers

A seventeenth-century colonial woman who believed she was cheated out of money would have the best chance of having her case heard if she lived in

New Amsterdam.

Which action by British Parliament was labeled an "Intolerable Act" by Americans?

Parliament empowered military commanders to lodge soldiers in private homes.

Pennsylvania's treatment of Native Americans was unique in what way?

Pennsylvania purchased Indian land that was then resold to colonists and offered refuge to tribes driven out of other colonies.

Which of the following was a key difference between republicanism and liberalism?

Republicanism stressed active participation in public life, while liberalism focused on individual rights that were essentially private.

What was one of the outcomes of the Stamp Act?

The Stamp Act Congress insisted that the right to consent to taxation was essential to people's freedom.

The idea of "American exceptionalism" that developed in the Revolutionary era refers to what belief?

The United States has a special mission to serve as a refuge from tyranny and a model of universal freedom for the rest of the world.

According to Document 2, "An Act Concerning Religion," what happens to a person in the colony of Maryland, who criticizes Jesus Christ or denies the existence of God? Link to online document: https://dp.la/primary-source-sets/colonial-religion/sources/605

The person will be put to death and his or her property will be confiscated by the Lords Proprietors of the Maryland colony.

Why was slavery less prevalent in the northern colonies?

The small farms of the northern colonies did not need slaves.

How did the wealthiest families benefit from England gaining control of New Netherland?

These families controlled millions of acres in New York.

What was the significance of sugar, rice, coffee, and tobacco in the eighteenth century?

These products were the first mass consumer goods in international trade, and they were all produced by slaves.

How did the Dutch interact with Native American tribes in North America?

They engaged in warfare at times with Indian tribes.

What does the omission of the word "slave" or "slavery" in the text of the original Constitution suggest about the founders?

They felt a reference to slavery tainted American ideals of liberty and equality.

How did Native Americans view the concept of land ownership?

They viewed land as a common resource to use.

A Discourse Concerning Western Planting argued that English settlement of North America would strike a blow against Spain.

True

A major goal of Spanish colonization was to convert Native Americans to Catholicism.

True

Oliver Cromwell's Parliament passed the first Navigation Act, aimed to wrest control of world trade from the Dutch.

True

Portuguese seafarers initially hoped to locate African gold.

True

Which of the following is true of how the U.S. government in the 1790s dealt with Native Americans?

U.S. government made treaties with them mainly to transfer land to itself

How did the Articles of Confederation compare to the Constitution with regard to the economy?

Under the Articles, states made decisions about the economy than nat. gov.

Which of the following describes women's rights under "coverture"?

Which of the following describes women's rights under "coverture"?

Why is Document 2 considered an important milestone in the history of religious tolerance? Link to online document: https://dp.la/primary-source-sets/colonial-religion/sources/605

While all citizens must avow a belief in God, and Jesus Christ as his son and savior of the world, they are free to practice that Christian belief in their own way.

What would be a good representation of Enlightenment principles?

a botanist who studied nature to uncover why a certain plant kept dying

Under the Dutch in North America, "half freedom" referred to

a labor and land relationship with enslaved Africans.

What did the delegates of the Constitutional Convention agree that the Constitution should create?

a legislature, an executive, and a national judiciary

Of the English women who came to Virginia in the seventeenth century,

a majority were indentured servants who labored in the tobacco fields, often facing early death and sexual abuse by masters.

What did the Continental Association call for?

a near total end to trade with Great Britain and the West Indies

The 1741 panic in New York City that led to thirty-four executions was sparked by

a series of fires breaking out throughout the city.

To Quakers, liberty was

a universal entitlement.

Why did apprenticeship and indentured servitude decline after the Revolution?

apprenticeship and indentured servitude was incompatible with Rep. Citizen

How did Americans tend to describe their nation during the era of the Revolution?

as a "rising empire," destined to populate and control all of North america

How did the British government predominantly view the American colonies prior to the Revolution?

as unequal parts in a larger political and economic system, strictly subject to the rulings of Parliament

Alexander Hamilton

believed that wealthy men from elite families should rule the country.

Which group made up the bulk of Nathaniel Bacon's army?

discontented men who had recently been servants

Women in Dutch settlements

enjoyed more independence than in other colonies.

The Sons of Liberty

enjoyed support from New York craftsmen and laborers.

The Magna Carta

granted many liberties, but mainly to lords and barons.

The European practice of "coverture" included that

in marriage, a wife surrendered her legal identity.

Where did most Chesapeake slaves work?

in the fields

African enslavement of other Africans

involved the enslavement of criminals, debtors, and war captives.

In 1492, the Native American population

lived mostly south of the present-day United States.

A "borderland" is a

meeting place of peoples where geographic and cultural borders are not clearly defined.

Poor and working-class English people generally hoped that emigrating to America would provide

opportunities to become independent landowners.

Who were the mestizos in the Americas?

persons of mixed Spanish and Indian origin

Which of the following was a feature of Native American civilization prior to the voyages of Columbus?

populous urban centers

The Declaratory Act

rejected American claims that only their elected representatives could levy taxes.

According to New England Puritans, witchcraft

resulted from pacts that women made with the devil to obtain supernatural powers or interfere with natural processes.

Both republican and liberal systems of thought felt the foundation of freedom was

security of property.

Thomas Jefferson believed that African-Americans:

should eventually be able to enjoy their natural rights but not in America

Which of the following groups tended to be Anti-Federalist during the ratification debates?

state politicians

Which one of the following was a consequence of the Seven Years' War?

strengthened pride among American colonists about being part of the British empire

What was "salutary neglect"?

the British government's policy of leaving the colonies largely to govern themselves

The primary goal of fifteenth-century Portuguese expansion was

the establishment of a trading empire in Asia.

According to the economic theory known as mercantilism,

the government should regulate economic activity so as to promote national power.

What was the Great Awakening at least in part a response to?

the growth of rationalism and lack of individual engagement in church services

What 1430s invention was instrumental in spreading the news of Columbus's voyage across Europe?

the printing press with movable type

What sparked a new period of colonial expansion for England in the mid-seventeenth century?

the return of Charles II as king of England

What was the Middle Passage?

the second leg of the trans-Atlantic trade

The main point of The American Crisis is

to inspire American soldiers to continue to fight despite demoralizing military losses.

In the aftermath of the Revolution, a common national identity and consciousness

took time to sink deep.

What religion did the majority of enslaved African people in North America practice in the eighteenth century?

traditional African religions

Jefferson believed that African-Americans could eventually achieve economic independence and practice effective self-government.

False

Why did Maryland, a colony founded as a safe haven for Catholics, have so many Protestants living there by the 1640s?

The Maryland colony needed to attract skilled laborers in order to grow and thrive, and, at that time, most of Britain's laboring class, as well as people available for indentured service, were Protestant.

Which of the following is a check against presidential power in the Constitution?

The Senate can remove the president from office after he or she is impeached by the House.

The first African slaves were shipped to the New World in what year?

1502

Which of these is true of how the new state constitutions in the Revolutionary era dealt with the issue of religion?

7 state constitutions began with a commitment to free practice of religion

Which of the following statements accurately describes the Americas before the arrival of Europeans?

A diverse array of Native American groups had their own languages, cultures, and conflicts.

How did the Articles of Confederation compare to the Constitution in regard to sovereignty?

Articles, states had more autonomy Constitution gave some power to states

What led to slavery decreasing in Philadelphia after 1750?

Artisans and merchants turned more to wage laborers.

How did the meaning of the Magna Carta change with time?

As serfdom disappeared, its rights applied to a greater percentage of the population.

What was one reason that African slavery replaced indentured servitude as the primary labor source in the late seventeenth century in the Chesapeake colonies?

As the economy improved in England, people were less likely to come to the colonies.

What statement accurately depicts the legal status of people of African descent in the Chesapeake prior to 1660?

Blacks' rights were ambiguous, allowing some Africans to become landowners with servants or slaves.

A strong immunity to European diseases strengthened Indian resistance to the conquistadores.

False

Reflect on the history that you have learned in this chapter. Do you believe that unity of purpose and belief are what made the American colonies strong, or do you believe that societies whose citizens were compelled to interact with people of differing beliefs were the most successful, based on the history you've learned in this chapter?

I believe that citizens who were compelled to interact with people of differing beliefs were the most successful. They are able to learn new things and have others to count on in difficult times. Interacting with people who share different beliefs shows them that even though you do not believe the same as them, you respect them.

Which of the following statements accurately describes the "task" system?

It allowed slaves time for leisure or to cultivate crops on their own if they completed daily jobs.

What is the significance of the Ninth Amendment?

It declared that rights not specifically mentioned in the Constitution were "retained by the people."

What was unique about the Roanoke colony?

Its settlers disappeared and their fate was never discovered.

Who took detailed notes of the Constitutional Convention, which were published more than fifty years after the proceedings?

James Madison

Which of the following lists these colonies in the proper chronological order by the dates they were founded, from the earliest to the latest?

Jamestown, Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island

According to the clip there were two attempts to settle Roanoke island. Who was the leader of the second group?

John White

Which one of the following statements describes conditions experienced by those aboard ship during the Middle Passage?

Slaves were inhumanely crowded into very small spaces and often chained to the deck.

During the American Revolution, what happened to the economy?

Some merchants hoarded goods.

How did indentured servants display a fondness for freedom?

Some of them ran away or were disobedient to their masters.

The reconquista was the reconquest of

Spain from the Moors.

The three European colonizing countries in North America in the seventeenth century were

Spain, France, the Netherlands.

In 1610, __________ founded the capital of New Mexico in __________, establishing the first permanent European settlement in the Southwest.

Spain/Santa Fe

Why did Indians exercise more power in their relations with the French and the Dutch compared to the English?

The French and Dutch settlements were more dependent on Indians as trading partners than were the English.