History 170: Chapter 8

What were the fundamental differences between the Federalist and DemocraticRepublican visions?

Federalists believed in a strong federal republican government led by learned, public-spirited men of property. They believed that too much democracy would threaten the republic. The Democratic-Republicans, alternatively, feared too much federal government power and focused more on the rural areas of the country, which they thought were underrepresented and underserved. Democratic-Republicans felt that the spirit of true republicanism, which meant virtuous living for the common good, depended on farmers and agricultural areas.

How did the French Revolution in the early 1790s influence the evolution of the American political system?

In the United States, the French Revolution hardened differences between the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans. The Federalists feared the anarchy of the French Revolution and worried that Democratic-Republicanism would bring that kind of disorder to the United States. The Democratic-Republicans supported the goals of the French Revolution, even if they didn't support the means, and believed that siding with Great Britain instead of France meant a return to a system of monarchy.

What was the importance of the Louisiana Purchase?

It gave the United States control of the port of New Orleans for trade.

Which of the following was not true of Jay's Treaty of 1794?

It gave the United States land rights in the West Indies

How did U.S. relations with France influence events at the end of the eighteenth century?

Relations with France were strongly tied to political events in the United States. Whereas the Federalists had roundly condemned the French revolutionaries for their excesses, the Democratic-Republicans applauded the rallying cries of liberty and equality. Relations with the French also led the Federalists to pass the Alien and Sedition Acts during the Adams administration, which many saw as a violation of the First Amendment.

What prompted the Embargo of 1807?

The British navy captured American ships on the high seas and impressed their sailors into service for the British

Why do historians refer to the election of Thomas Jefferson as the Revolution of 1800?

The election was considered a revolution because, for the first time in American history, political power passed from one party to another. Jefferson's presidency was a departure from the Federalist administrations of Washington and Adams, who had favored the commercial class and urban centers of the country. The Democratic-Republican vision increased states' rights and limited the power of the federal government, lowering taxes and slashing the military, which Adams had built up.

What was the primary issue of Adams's presidency?

relations with France

What event inspired "The Star-Spangled Banner"?

the British bombardment of Baltimore

Which of the following events is not an example of partisan acrimony?

the XYZ affair

Which of Alexander Hamilton's financial policies and programs seemed to benefit speculators at the expense of poor soldiers?

the public credit plan

Which of the following is not one of the rights the Bill of Rights guarantees?

the right to an education

What was the primary complaint of the rebels in the Whiskey Rebellion?

the tax on whiskey and rum