history 2
In the late-1800s, immigrants from ___ faced discrimination, especially on the west coast. The United States government even prevented them from immigrating into the country. A) China B) Germany C) Ireland D) Sweden
a
This term is used to refer to a type of business organization created in the 19th century that was meant to eventually produce a monopoly. A) trust B) cartel C) laissez-faire D) pure competition
a
Which number on the map represents the area in which the Nez Perce people are found? (idaho) A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4
a
"On behalf of my people, the American Indians, I hereby declare to you, the pale-faced race that has usurped our lands and homes, that we have no spirit to celebrate with you the great Columbian Fair now being held in this Chicago city, the wonder of the world. No; sooner would we hold the high joy day over the graves of our departed than to celebrate our own funeral, the discovery of America. And while...your hearts in admiration rejoice over the beauty and grandeur of this young republic and you say, 'behold the wonders wrought by our children in this foreign land,' do not forget that this success has been at the sacrifice of our homes and a once happy race." --Simon Pokagon,The Red Man's Rebuke, 1893 Which piece of legislation would Simon Pokagon have been MOST likely to oppose? A) the Dawes Act B) the Platt Amendment C) the Teller Amendment D) the Indian Reorganization Act
a
(They) must make annual contracts for their labor in writing; if they should run away from their tasks, they forfeited their wages for the year. Whenever it was required of them they must present licenses (in a town from the mayor; elsewhere from a member of the board of police of the beat) citing their places of residence and authorizing them to work." This passage from 1865 is part of a series of rules immediately after the Civil War that were known as A) Black Codes. B) Jim Crow laws. C) the South Carolina constitution. D) the Charter of the Ku Klux Klan.
a
During the Reconstruction era, state governments all across the South passed legislation designed to restrict the liberties of the newly-freed slaves and identify African-Americans as "second-class" citizens. By what name was this legislation known? A) the Black Codes B) the Redeemer Codes C) the Southern Manifesto D) the Reorganization Codes
a
The passage of one of the following laws was strongly influenced by The Jungle. A) Child Labor B) Meat Inspection Act C) Clayton Antitrust Act D) Newland Reclamation Act
b
· Menlo Park, New Jersey · businessman and self-promoter · phonograph · light bulb All of these are associated with A) Richard Sears. B) Thomas Edison. C) George Westinghouse. D) Alexander Graham Bell.
b
In the late 1800s, the federal government attempted to place all Plains Indians on reservations, most of which were located in which state? A) California B) Nebraska C) Oklahoma D) Texas
c
Jane Addams's "Hull House" of the late-19th century was A) supported and funded by Congress. B) ruled to be unconstitutional in 1901. C) created to help adjust immigrants into the United States. D) helped to retrain Native Americans forced off of their land.
c
Lived from 1847 to 1922 Scientist and engineer His mother and wife were both deaf Credited with inventing the telephone Who is being described by these statements? A) Thomas Edison B) Cyrus McCormick C) Alexander Graham Bell D) George Washington Carver
c
Of the ones listed here, the factor that had the greatest impact on the eventual destruction of Native Americans' ways of life was the development of the A) automobile. B) highway. C) railroad. D) steamboat.
c
One of the main reasons John D. Rockefeller was able to succeed in the oil industry was because he A) encouraged competition. B) treated his competitors fairly. C) combined vertical and horizontal integration. D) urged government regulation of the oil industry.
c
The "Muckraker" journalists would have been likely to cover all of the following subjects EXCEPT A) national conservation. B) mistreatment of laborers. C) waste in the armed forces. D) urban political "machines".
c
The Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments were all important additions to the Constitution because they A) repealed previous amendments. B) granted more freedom to women. C) addressed issues that contributed to the Civil War. D) were passed over the objection of the majority of the states.
c
"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude." - Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution This amendment was created primarily for the purpose of A) punishing southern states. B) avoiding another Civil War. C) pardoning Confederate veterans. D) granting former slaves suffrage.
d
According to the "Gospel of Wealth" supported by Andrew Carnegie A) the government should play a major role in controlling the American economy. B) a graduated income tax is needed to reduce the gap between the richest and poorest members of society. C) the wealth and resources in a society should be equitably distributed among the members of that society. D) the accumulation of wealth is beneficial to society and the government should take no action to hinder this accumulation.
d
In the late 19th century United States, poor hygiene, greater access to mass public transportation, and growing city populations all contributed to A) the creation of the Red Cross. B) an economic boom for industrial production. C) harder communication within American society. D) a greater likelihood of the spread of disease.
d
Jacob Riis was most known for his late 19th century work in exposing the horrid living conditions A) on the Great Plains. B) on Indian reservations. C) on southern plantations. D) in urban slums and ghettos.
d
Quahada Comanche chief Leader of the Native American Church Led his people onto the his people to the Kiowa-Comanche-Apache Reservation All of these are describing what Native American chief? A) Sitting Bull B) Crazy Horse C) Chief Joseph D) Quanah Parker
d
The Bessemer Process was an innovation in the production of cheaper, stronger A) houses. B) iron. C) mines. D) steel.
d
The U.S. Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act to prevent immigrants from that country entering the U.S. during the A) mid 1900s B) late 1700s C) early 1800s D) late 1800s
d
Upton Sinclair's The Jungle impacted the passage of the A) Twentieth Amendment. B) Eighteenth Amendment. C) Nineteenth Amendment. D) Meat Inspection Act in 1906.
d
The 14th Amendment to the Constitution includes all of the following provisions EXCEPT A) a guarantee of equal protection under the law for all citizens. B) the guaranteed right to vote for adults, regardless of gender, race or age. C) citizenship in both the nation and its states for all persons born or naturalized in the US. D) loss of representation in Congress for states that denied qualified citizens the right to vote.
b
The Constitutional amendment that prohibited denying voting rights to people based on race or color is the A) Twelfth Amendment. B) Fifteenth Amendment. C) Thirteenth Amendment. D) Fourteenth Amendment.
b
The first ten amendments, known as the Bill of Rights, protect individual freedoms and limit the power of the federal government. What amendment limits the powers of the state government and extends Bill of Rights' protections to citizens of a state? A) 12th Amendment B) 14th Amendment C) 15th Amendment D) 17th Amendment
b
The primary goal of the Women's Christian Temperance Union was A) the abolition of slavery. B) the prohibition of alcohol. C) the prohibition of child labor. D) the establishment of suffrage rights for women.
b
The purpose of the Freedman's Bureau was to A) provide 40 acres and a mule for each slave. B) gain the vote for millions of former slaves. C) provide work, education, and relief for former slaves. D) get radical Republicans in positions of power in the South.
c
By the end of the nineteenth century, technology in the industrial setting (factories) A) generally made human labor obsolete. B) raised the need for artisans and carpenters. C) led to an increase in the price of American products. D) created a rapidly increasing demand for unskilled or semiskilled labor.
d
Chief Sitting Bull led Sioux warriors at the June 1876 conflict known as A) Sand Creek. B) Wounded Knee. C) the Fetterman Massacre. D) the Battle of the Little Big Horn.
d
When it was created, the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution ensured rights for A) women. B) children. C) Native Americans. D) African Americans.
d
"Jim Crow" laws can BEST be described as laws that A) restricted the rights of blacks. B) helped poor blacks attain citizenship. C) caused blacks to move from the north to the south. D) allowed blacks and whites to live and work together.
a
In the late 1800's and early 1900's, why did most immigrants to the United States settle in urban areas? A) the ready availability of industrial jobs B) immigrants were not allowed to buy farmland C) labor unions provided free housing in the cities D) government restrictions required immigrants to settle in cities
a
Which BEST describes the way the Fourteenth Amendment affected the states? A) States had to give all citizens, regardless of their race or religion, equal protection under the law. B) States could no longer make any laws that were not approved by the federal government. C) States had to pass laws that gave more rights to freed slaves than to other citizens. D) States could no longer institute poll taxes or tests for citizens before they voted.
a
The social criticism in Upton Sinclair's The Jungle was a response to the working conditions faced by A) women. B) immigrants. C) rural workers. D) African Americans.
b
Which "robber baron" is best known for consolidating Carnegie Steel and the National Steel Company into U.S. Steel in 1901? A) Jay Gould B) J.P. Morgan C) John Jacob Astor D) Cornelius Vanderbilt
b
"Any instructor who shall teach in any school, college or institution where members of the white and colored race are received and enrolled as pupils for instruction shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof, shall be fined in any sum not less than ten dollars nor more than fifty dollars for each offense." --Oklahoma Statute, 1904 What was the purpose behind this statute? A) to prevent racial violence and lynchings in Oklahoma B) to eliminate poverty on Oklahoma's Indian reservations C) to enforce racial segregation during the "Jim Crow" era D) to eliminate racial discrimination in educational facilities
c
George Armstrong Custer and the 7th Cavalry Lakota, Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes led by Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull The most prominent action during the Great Sioux War of 1876 This image and list of research notes would be of GREATEST value to a student writing a report titled A) "The Trail of Tears." B) "The Second Seminole War." C) "The Wounded Knee Massacre." D) "The Battle of Little Big Horn."
d
sweatshop 1888 32,390 1,093,701 143.243 1890 37,316 1,250,000 (est) 163,712 What is the most likely reason for the changes in tenement population between 1888 and 1890? A) economic downturns caused by corporations B) improving wages and prospects for urbanites C) enhanced urban architectural safety standards D) increasing migration to cities by poor families
d
How was the large size and great power of the Standard Oil Trust, depicted in cartoon, influenced by technological advances? A) Technology increased the demand for oil and gasoline, which the company produced. B) Technology allowed the company to advertise in new places and with novel methods. C) Technology allowed machines to replace human workers, which helped the company make more money. D) Technology increased demand job demand in other sectors so the Standard Oil Trust was the only oil company to survive, but it became larger.
a
The 14th Amendment of the Constitution accomplishes all of the following EXCEPT A) allowing for fair and speedy trials. B) defining citizenship in the United States. C) refines the rules of representation in the House of Representatives. D) extending the 'equal protection clause' of the Constitution to the states.
a
The Amendment which abolished slavery and involuntary servitude was the A) 13th Amendment. B) 14th Amendment. C) 15th Amendment. D) 16th Amendment.
a
The way, and the only way, to check and to stop this evil, is for all the Redmen to unite in claiming a common and equal right in the land, as it was at first and should be yet; for it was never divided, but belongs to all for the use of each. That no part has a right to sell, even to each other, much less to strangers - those who want all and will not do with less. The White people have no right to take the land from the Indians, because they had it first, it is theirs....There cannot be two occupations in the same place. The first excludes all others. It is not so in hunting or travelling, for there the same ground will serve many...but the camp is stationary....It belongs to the first who sits down on his blanket or skins, which he has thrown upon the ground, and till he leaves it, no other has a right. Excerpt from a speech from Tecumseh to Governor William Henry Harrison in 1810 Based on the above passage what is the Native American worldview regarding land? A) It cannot be divided up or sold because it rightfully belongs to the Native Americans, who were there first. B) The land belongs to everyone equally and must be divided fairly between Native Americans and the settlers. C) The land is only to be used for settling and camping and not to hunt all the resources off of it. D) It should belong to whatever group of people settle it and make the best use of it.
a
Which Native American leader spoke of peace with American forces at a speech in New York in 1870? A) Red Cloud B) Sitting Bull C) Chief Joseph D) Quanah Parker
a
Which group was created in late 1865 to resist Reconstruction efforts in the South? A) the Ku Klux Klan B) the Scalawags C) the White Knights D) the Knights of Columbus
a
Which of these describe a belief shared by both Quanah Parker and Chief Seattle? A) Native Americans should cooperate with and work along side whites. B) Native Americans should wage war on all white cities and settlements. C) Native Americans should relocate to Canada and ally with Sitting Bull. D) Native Americans should relocate to Mexico and live along the Rio Grande.
a
Which of these is NOT associated with Thomas Edison? A) telephone B) microphone C) motion-picture camera D) incandescent light bulb
a
Which of these is the BEST description of "Jim Crow" laws? A) They restricted the rights of black Americans. B) They helped poor black Americans gain citizenship. C) They allowed blacks and whites to live and work together. D) They caused black Americans to move from the north to the south.
a
Which term BEST describes a "Buffalo Soldier" of the 19th century? A) African-American U.S. Cavalry soldiers B) a term for slaves in the American south C) a nickname for the Apache Indians in the American West D) teams of hunters who would slaughter herds of bison for their furs
a
Who would have been MOST LIKELY to support and help poor women in major urban areas? A) Jane Addams B) Sarah Winnemucca C) Helen Hunt Jackson D) Harriet Beecher Stowe
a
"I never did anything by accident, nor did any of my inventions come by accident; they came by work." Thomas Alva Edison (1847-1931) Which of these inventions was the result of Thomas Edison's work? A) moveable type B) the phonograph C) the automobile D) electric current
b
"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." - The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, 1865 Which statement describes the effect that the Thirteenth Amendment had on American society? A) Male freedmen were given the right to vote. B) Slavery was made illegal in the United States. C) Ex-slaves were given United States citizenship. D) Southern states were no longer allowed to use convicts as labor.
b
"The problem of our age is the administration of wealth, so that the ties of brotherhood may still bind together the rich and poor in harmonious relationship.... In former days there was little difference between the dwelling, dress, food, and environment of the chief and those of his retainers. . . . The contrast between the palace of the millionaire and the cottage of the laborer with us today measures the change which has come with civilization. This change, however, is not to be deplored, but welcomed as highly beneficial. It is well, nay, essential for the progress of the race, that the houses of some should be homes for all that is highest and best in literature and the arts, and for all the refinements of civilization, rather than that none should be so. Much better this great irregularity than universal squalor.... Neither master nor servant was as well situated then as to day. A relapse to old conditions would be disastrous to both-not the least so to him who serves-and would sweep away civilization with it...." -Andrew Carnegie, The Gospel of Wealth, 1889 Which statement BEST represents Andrew Carnegie's message? A) rich people are better than poor people B) rich people have a duty to help society C) poor people do know know how bad their lives are D) poor people will get to heaven before rich people
b
"This work is the outgrowth of an effort on the part of the editors of McClure's Magazine.... (who) decided a few years ago to publish a detailed narrative of the history of the growth of a particular trust. The Standard Oil Trust was chosen for obvious reasons. It was the first in the field, and it has furnished the methods, the charter, and the traditions for its followers... Its vast profits have led its officers into various allied interests, such as railroads, shipping, gas, copper, iron, steel.... It has led in the struggle against legislation directed against combinations. Its power in state and Federal government, in the press... is generally recognised. The perfection of the organisation of the Standard, the ability and daring with which it has carried out its projects, make it the pre-eminent trust of the world-the one whose story is best fitted to illuminate the subject of combinations of capital." -- from The History of the Standard Oil Company, 1904 This passage is from the preface to whose Muckraking masterpiece? A) Jacob Riis B) Ida Tarbell C) Upton Sinclair D) Lincoln Steffens
b
"You have children; we have children. You want to raise your children and make them happy and prosperous; we want to raise ours and make them happy and prosperous. We ask you to help us to do it." --Chief Red Cloud, Cooper Union Speech, 1870 How did Red Cloud's approach to dealing with the United States government differ from that of Indian leaders like Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull? A) Red Cloud, Crazy Horse, and Sitting Bull advocated armed resistance against the United States government at any cost. B) Red Cloud gave his consent for the Lakota Sioux to be confined on reservations and he denounced armed conflict against the whites. C) Red Cloud worked to ally his Lakota Sioux tribe with other Great Plains tribes in order to form a united front against the U.S. military. D) Red Cloud led an extended series of armed attacks against the U.S. Cavalry, while leaders like Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull sought to cooperate with the U.S. government.
b
1888 32,390 1,093,701 143.243 1890 37,316 1,250,000 (est) 163,712 Based on these resources, what was one of the major liabilities of tenement life? A) the difficulty of city zoning B) the commonality of child labor C) the push for cultural assimilation D) the lack of political representation
b
Carrie Nation was MOST known for her work in what late-19th and early-20th century movement? A) abolition B) temperance C) women's labor D) women's suffrage
b
How did the invention of the telephone affect businesses during the late 1800s? A) caused greater unemployment B) made businesses more efficient C) made businesses more inefficient D) caused greater confusion and inefficiency
b
Nativism is the political position of demanding a favored status for certain established inhabitants of a nation as compared to claims of newcomers or immigrants. Based on their beliefs, which legislation would have been supported by Nativists of the late 1800s? A) the Dawes Act of 1887 B) the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 C) the Southern Homestead Act of 1866 D) the Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890
b
Oglala Lakota (Sioux) Chief Waged war against U.S. Army (1866-1868) Signed Treaty of Fort Laramie Which leader is being described? A) Geronimo B) Red Cloud C) Crazy Horse D) Chief Joseph
b
Regardless of which state a person lives in, all American citizens enjoy the rights contained in the Constitution and the Amendments thanks to the A) 10th Amendment. B) 14th Amendment. C) 24th Amendment. D) 27th Amendment.
b
The Chinese Boycott President Roosevelt, during his Southern tour in October last, set forth in his Atlanta speech the true remedy for our present unsatisfactory relations with China, when he said:-- "We cannot expect China to do us justice unless we do China justice. The chief cause in bringing about the boycott of our goods in China was undoubtedly our attitude towards the Chinese who come to this country....Our laws and treaties should be so framed as to guarantee to all Chinamen, save of the excepted coolie class, the same right of entry to this country, and the same treatment while here, as is guaranteed to citizens of any other nation. By executive action I am as rapidly as possible putting a stop to the abuses which have grown up during many years....I can do a great deal and will do a great deal even without the action of Congress; but I cannot do all that should be done unless some action is taken. It is needed in our own interest, and especially in the interest of the Pacific Slope and of the South Atlantic and Gulf States....The action I ask is demanded by considerations that are higher than mere interest, for I ask it in the name of what is just and right. America should take the lead in establishing international relations on the same basis of honest and upright dealing which we regard as essential between man and man." - John W. Foster, The Atlantic Monthly, January 1906 State responses similar to those discussed in the source are an example of what historical development of the 19th and 20th century? A) ethnic violence B) immigration quotas C) refugee populations D) population resettlement
b
This picture shows the officers of the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association, or the Chinese Six Companies, an organization of wealthy Chinese business leaders in San Francisco, California, that aided Chinese immigrants who faced discrimination. In which of these situations would the organization MOSTLY LIKELY intervene? A) a Chinese immigrant needs to find affordable transportation B) a Chinese immigrant is denied a job because of his race C) a Chinese immigrant needs funding to start a business D) a Chinese immigrant is arrested for stealing
b
Which BEST completes this diagram about the Fourteenth Amendment? A) Citizens of the United States must vote during every election. B) States must give equal protection under the law to all citizens. C) States must have their constitutions approved by the federal government. D) Citizens of the United States must follow federal laws before state laws.
b
Which of these is the 1890 event that is generally considered to be the last major violent Indian conflict in North America? A) Sand Creek Massacre B) Wounded Knee Massacre C) Battle of Horseshoe Bend D) Battle of Little Big Horn
b
Why was Chief Joseph attempting to lead his followers into Canada in 1877? A) The Nez Perce had destroyed Custer's 7th Cavalry forces. B) He wanted to prevent being placed onto a reservation. C) His people were fleeing the Sioux warriors. D) He was waging war on the Canadian army.
b
Widespread anti-Chinese sentiment in the late-1800s resulted in A) native-born Chinese-Americans having their citizenship revoked. B) Congressional action aimed at prohibiting further Chinese immigration. C) legal segregation of all Chinese-Americans into separate urban districts. D) deportation of all Chinese-Americans living in California, Oregon, and Washington.
b
"The Irishman is the true cosmopolitan immigrant. All-pervading, he shares his lodging with perfect impartiality with the Italian, the Greek, and the "Dutchman"... A map of the city, colored to designate nationalities, would show more stripes than on the skin of a zebra, and more colors than any rainbow. The city on such a map would fall into two great halves, green for the Irish prevailing in the West Side tenement districts, and blue for the Germans on the East Side. But intermingled with these ground colors would be an odd variety of tints... Between the dull gray of the Jew, his favorite color, and the Italian red, would be seen squeezed in on the map a sharp streak of yellow, marking the narrow boundaries of Chinatown. Dovetailed in with the German population, the poor but thrifty Bohemian might be picked out by the sombre hue of his life as of his philosophy, struggling against heavy odds in the big human bee-hives of the East Side. Colonies of his people extend northward, with long lapses of space, from below the Cooper Institute more than three miles." - from How the Other Half Lives, by Jacob A. Riis, 1890 What factor of nineteenth-century city life is implied by the author's use of the term "colonies"? A) the crowding of large groups into urban areas B) the Americanization of people from many cultures C) the creation of ethnically exclusive neighborhoods D) the expression of traditions through visual displays
c
"The South's adoption of extreme racism was due not so much to a conversion, but to a relaxation of the opposition. All the elements of fear, jealousy, proscription, hatred and fanaticism had long been present, as they were present in various degrees of intensity in any society. What enabled them to rise to dominence was not so much cleverness or ingenuity as it was a general weakening and discrediting of the numerous forces that had hitherto kept them in check." - from C. Vann Woodward, The Strange Career of Jim Crow What conclusion can be drawn from this text? A) Fighting for civil rights is what caused segregation in the first place. B) Opposition itself is what helped segregation to flourish in all parts of the country. C) Society itself encouraged and accepted segregation in all parts of the United States. D) Segregation was a natural progress of any nation to wanting to have full civil rights.
c
"Whatever you wanted of me I have obeyed. The Great Father sent me word that whatever he had against me in the past had been forgiven and thrown aside, and I have accepted his promises and came in. And he told me not to step aside from the white man's path, and I am doing my best to travel in that path. I sit here and look around me now, and I see my people starving. We want cattle to butcher. That is the way you live, and we want to live the same way." Sitting Bull, 1883 Sitting Bull's point in this passage is that A) the Great Father told him a fatal lie. B) his people would prefer to be farmers. C) his people are suffering because of the settlers. D) there can be no choice but to violently resist Americans.
c
A "nativist" of the late-1800s would have been MOST likely to support A) expanding American influence. B) then ending of all "Jim Crow" laws. C) a ban on immigration to the United States. D) wars against American Indians in the west.
c
According to Andrew Carnegie's "Gospel of Wealth," whose responsibility is it to take care of the underprivileged? A) Churches B) Charities C) The wealthy D) The government
c
Ended "Red Cloud's War" in 1868 Established the boundaries for the Great Sioux Reservation Protected the Black Hills from white intrusion Introduced American farming techniques to Sioux What are these describing? A) Treaty of Grenville B) Treaty of San Antonio C) Treaty of Fort Laramie D) Treaty of Wounded Knee
c
Ida Tarbell was one of the leading "muckrakers" of the Progressive era. She is best known for writing The History of the Standard Oil Company, which exposed the negative aspects of John D. Rockefeller's monopoly over the American oil industry. Which legislation is most closely associated with the work of Ida Tarbell? A) the Dawes Act of 1887 B) the Mann-Elkins Act of 1910 C) the Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890 D) the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906
c
What was the Jim Crow system? A) a system of economic struggle before World War I B) a system of racial casting in the North after the Civil War C) a system of racial casting in the South after the Civil War D) a system of African American slavery in America before the Civil War
c
Which fact would make the BEST evidence to support the statement that "Thomas Edison's most important invention was the light bulb"? A) The light bulb reduced the crime rate in many urban areas. B) Thomas Edison also invented the phonograph, the motion picture, and the stock ticker. C) Americans gained control over light in homes and offices, independent of the time of day. D) The light bulb was first tested by Thomas Edison in 1879; he patented the invention in 1880.
c
Which legislation, passed in 1887, was designed to break up large Native American reservations by granting land allotments to individual Native Americans? A) the Teller Amendment B) the Indian Removal Act C) the Dawes Severalty Act D) the Indian Reorganization Act
c
Why was the Standard Oil Trust MOST likely pictured as an octopus with many tentacles in the cartoon? A) The Standard Oil Trust was seen as a danger to the traditional American way of life. B) The Standard Oil Trust killed many different types of wildlife with its drilling practices. C) The Standard Oil Trust was seen as a monopoly that influenced government and other industries. D) The Standard Oil Trust built pipelines crossing the entire United States that endangered people and resources.
c
bessemer Which invention is shown above? A) Phonograph B) Electric Power Plant C) Bessemer Process D) Recorder
c
picture of standard oil company Which statement BEST describes the point of this late-19th century cartoon? A) The United States is increasing its exploration for natural resources. B) American society is being controlled by the coal and steel industries. C) Major industry is in control of much of American government and society. D) The Federal Government is controlling big business in the United States.
c
· president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association · arrested for voting in 1872 · advocate for abolition All of these statements are describing A) Dolly Madison. B) Lucretia Mott. C) Susan B. Anthony. D) Elizabeth Cady Stanton.
c
"It is cold and we have no blankets. The little children are freezing to death. My people, some of them, have run away to the hills and have no blankets, no food. No one knows where they are--perhaps freezing to death. I want to have time to look for my children and see how many I can find. Maybe I shall find them among the dead. Hear me, my chiefs. I am tired. My heart is sick and sad. From where the sun now stands, I will fight no more forever." This excerpt from a speech in 1877 is attributed to what Native American leader? A) Geronimo B) Red Cloud C) Sitting Bull D) Chief Joseph
d
13th Amendment (1865)-Abolition of Slavery 14th Amendment (1866)-Definition of Citizenship; Due Process 15th Amendment (1869)-Right to Vote not based on Race or previous servitude What conclusion can be drawn from the passage of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the U.S. Constitution? A) The passage of the amendments was to strengthen the Bill of Rights. B) The passage of the amendments was to weaken the Jim Crow laws that were passed in the North. C) The passage of the amendments was to weaken the Jim Crow laws that were passed in the South. D) The passage of the amendments was to abolish slavery and establish rights to previous slaves.
d
Businessmen during the Gilded Age of the late 19th century often favored relaxed immigration laws because they A) remembered their immigrant heritage. B) were advocates of multicultural education. C) were supporters of the Temperance Movement. D) valued cheap and relatively unskilled labor.
d
By the end of the Reconstruction era, most African-Americans in the United States A) had received a free college education paid for by wealthy northerners. B) found themselves owners of the land their ancestors had worked on as slaves. C) began to migrate in massive numbers to the rural South to pursue farming jobs. D) found themselves increasingly left out of the political process because of poll taxes and literacy tests.
d
Critics of the "New Immigration" of the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries opposed a minimum wage because A) factories would refuse to hire immigrant laborers. B) the immigrants were generally wealthier than American citizens. C) they believed immigrants took farmland from native-born Americans. D) immigrants generally would work for less money than American citizens.
d
During Reconstruction, the Black Codes A) protected the Constitutional rights and liberties of freed slaves. B) forced Congress to do the bidding of former Confederate politicians. C) were enacted by the Radical Republicans to prevent racial discrimination in the South. D) were laws passed by mainly Southern states to keep African Americans in a system of virtual slavery.
d
Friends and fellow citizens: I stand before you tonight under indictment for the alleged crime of having voted at the last presidential election, without having a lawful right to vote. It shall be my work this evening to prove to you that in thus voting, I not only committed no crime, but, instead, simply exercised my citizen's rights, guaranteed to me and all United States citizens by the National Constitution, beyond the power of any state to deny. Susan B. Anthony, 1873 In this passage, Susan B. Anthony A) admits that she had committed a crime by casting her vote for president. B) claims that states had the power to deny rights granted by the Constitution. C) argues that only an amendment to the Constitution would grant women the right to vote. D) says that the Constitution gives her the right to vote.
d
It was nearly impossible for an ex-slave to own and farm his own land because Whites were given first priority. Since the freedmen did not have adequate resources and capital, they had to resort to sharecropping and tenant farming to be able to grow crops. Many southern states passed "Black Codes" which limited African-American's civil rights and prevented Blacks from owning their own businesses or traveling without a special permit. Groups such as the Ku Klux Klan used intimidation and violence to restore White supremacy and suppress Black voting and civil rights. Which is the BEST conclusion that can be drawn regarding the status of African-Americans in the South in the late 1800s? A) African-Americans made tremendous political, social, and economic advancements during the Reconstruction era. B) Passage of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the U.S. Constitution guaranteed equal status and rights for all African-Americans. C) The Reconstruction policies enacted by the federal government were highly effective in helping African-American citizens transition to life after slavery. D) Although African-Americans had equal rights under federal law they were still economically, politically, and socially inferior to Whites in the South during the Reconstruction era.
d
President Andrew Johnson's leniency with former Confederate officials and his veto of legislation designed to provide civil rights and financial aid to former slaves angered A) the Redeemers. B) the Ku Klux Klan. C) the Know-Nothing Party. D) the Radical Republicans.
d
The Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 was created to A) regulate interstate trade and commerce. B) give slaves land in the former Confederate states. C) institute the death penalty for crimes against federal officials. D) redistribute Indian lands from public to private ownership to help assimilate them into the US population.
d
The Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments reflected the growing 19th century American trend of A) granting universal manhood suffrage. B) upholding rights of free speech and religion. C) decreasing the power of the Federal government. D) recognizing the basic civil liberties of all races.
d
We have learned to say that the good must be extended to all of society before it can be held secure by any one person or class; but we have not yet learned to add to that statement, that unless all people and all classes contribute to a good, we cannot even be sure that it is worth having." -- Jane Addams The "settlement houses" that were established in poor urban areas were designed to A) help veterans returning from the First World War adjust to civilian life. B) help newly freed African-Americans in their adjustment to life in the northern cities. C) further the goals of the Temperance Movement by ending spousal abuse and family neglect. D) provide social services like daycare, education, and health care to immigrants, women, and the poor.
d
What specific evidence supports the statement that "The construction of the transcontinental railroad was disastrous for the Native Americans of the Great Plains"? A) The transcontinental railroad opened frontier markets to new products and goods from the east. B) Within ten years of its completion, the railroad shipped $50 million worth of freight coast to coast every year. C) The construction of the transcontinental railroad depended heavily on the labor of Chinese and Irish immigrants. D) The transcontinental railroad decimated the herds of buffalo that the Indians were dependent on; and the railroad drastically reduced Native American land ownership.
d
What was the decision of the Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)? A) The Black Codes were unconstitutional. B) The 15th Amendment failed to guarantee the right to vote to all males. C) The citizenship principle established in Dred Scott v. Sanford was repealed. D) Racial segregation did not violate the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment.
d
What was the main purpose of Jane Addams' "Hull House" of the late-1800s? A) It helped run-away slaves escape to freedom in the North. B) It helped Native Americans to avoid being placed on reservations. C) It put pressure on Congress to pass a law banning alcoholic beverages. D) It helped immigrants to become accustomed to life in the United States.
d
When the 15th Amendment was passed following the Civil War, which of these groups benefitted MOST? A) women B) young people C) Asian Americans D) African Americans
d
With the creation of Hull House in 1889, Jane Addams accomplished all of the following EXCEPT A) created nurseries for children of working mothers. B) created educational and employment training opportunities for women. C) established the city's first public playground, bathhouse, and public gymnasium. D) urged Congress to place restrictions on the immigration of people into the United States.
d
