History 224 Midterm

Upon being ordered to stop a clan council, Okonkwo

Decapitates one of the messengers

Among the following tribes, which was the most eager to accept western education and who became the political leaders of the next generation?

Igbo

Napoleon Bonaparte rose to power as

a military hero

In Things Fall Apart, the land given to the missionaries by the tribal fathers

is actually a portion of the Evil Forest

Major motivations for European exploration of the worlds oceans included all of the following except: 1. the search for raw materials and mineral resources 2. the search for new lands to settle and cultivate 3. population pressures in Europe 4. the desire to trade directly with Asian markets 5. the urge to extend Christianity beyond Europe

3. population pressures in Europe

As a results of the Seven Years' War, Britains gained all the following except: 1. the french colonies in Canada 2. the French trading posts in India 3.Spanish Florida 4. Cape Town from the Dutch 5. Britain gained all of the above

4. Cape Town from the Dutch

Which of the following is not considered to be part of the Catholic Reformation 1. the Society of Jesus 2. Ignatius Loyola 3. The Council of Trent 4. The Institutes of the Christian Religion

4. The Institutes of the Christian Religion

African slaves were in demand for the New World because: 1. so many Native Americans died from imported diseases 2. native peoples frequently escaped into the hinterlands 3. sugar plantations in the Caribbean required considerable labor 4. Spanish and Portuguese conquerors disdained manual labor 5. all of the above

5. all of the above

A significant difference between the Portuguese settlement of Angola and the Dutch settlement of Cape Town was that:

the Portuguese came to Angola as traders while in South Africa the Dutch settled on the land as farmers

Despite the miseries Candide experiences in his travels, why does he maintains Pangloss's optimistic/positivist philosophy

the thought of reuniting with Cunegonde provides him with hope

The German people united behind King Wilhelm I because

the wars engineered by Bismarck generated strong nationalist sentiment

Most African slaves went

to the tropical and subtropical plantations of the Americas

The emancipation of Russian serfs in 1861

was achieved at the tsar's insistence. was intended to avert a revolution. brought freedom but few political rights for the peasants. did not significantly increase agricultural production.

At the end of the 19th century, the Ottoman Empire, Russian Empire, Qing dynasty and Tokugawa Japan were "societies at crossroads" because they

discovered through wars and confrontations they were militarily much weaker than the western powers

In China, a "sphere of influence" was a

district in which a foreign power had exclusive trade, transportation, and mineral rights

Olaudah Equiano's experience contributed to the abolishment of slavery because he:

exposed the horrors of slavery, particularly the middle passage, to a European audience

The ideas of the Enlightenment challenged the long-term assumptions about sovereignty, and instead proposed that

governments are bound to the will of the people

Why does Pococurante seem so unhappy despite his good fortune

he didn't work for his wealth

Why is Candide evicted from the Baron's castle

he is caught kissing Cunegonde

Theodor Herzl's Zionism was the direct result of

his shock at the army's persecution of Alfred Dreyfus

smallpox, influenza, and measles spread rapidly in the Americas because of

lack of previous exposure that would build natural immunity

Things Fall Apart takes place during which time?

late 19th century

The Luddites were threatened by industrialization of what industry in particular

textiles

The Berlin West Africa Conference in 1884-1885 established

that, if a European power indicated its intention to colonize and then proceeded to occupy an African territory it could claim that colony

Which of the following could be considered an expression of enlightened ideas about government?

the Declaration of Independence

The Ottoman military had declined by the 19th century because

the Janissary corps was more interested in palace intrigues than in military training the Janissaries resisted all efforts to modernize the army many provincial rulers had private mercenary armies Ottoman forces carried outmoded equipment

The event that inspired Voltaire to write Candide

the Lisbon earthquake of 1755

Why had most European governments abandoned concessionary companies in Africa by the early 20th century

the brutal use of forced African labor by companies provoked a public outcry in Europe

Reasons for the hysterical witch-hunts of the 16th century included

the conflicts of the Reformation contributed to a climate of suspicion and violence & unusual natural phenomena suggested supernatural causes

The success of the Meiji restoration depended on destroying the power of

the daimyo and samurai classes

In spite of the ravages of the slave trade, the population of Africa actually increased in the 18th century due to

the introduction of new staple foods from the Americas

Spanish forces were able to conquer the Philippines because of

the lack of centralized powerful state to organize resistance

The last country to abolish slavery was

Brazil

The Battle of Omdurman clearly demonstrated that

European troops with modern weapons could subdue a vast native army

In Things Fall Apart Unoka's failure in life is blamed on

a bad chi

The sea route to the Indian Ocean discovered by Vasca da Gama offered European merchants

a chance to buy goods directly from Indian merchants

Cecil Rhodes was

a leading British imperialist active in South Africa

Which was not a cause of the French Revolution of 1789?

accusation of treason against Louis XVI

Okonkwo breaks the Week of Peace by

beating his wife

Okonkwo is exiled from his native village

because he accidentally killed a young clansman

The colonization of the Belgian Congo is noted for the

brutal treatment of the Congolese by King Leopold II

The British maintained their head start in industrialization

by forbidding the export of machinery and expertise

How does Enoch 'kill an ancestral spirit'

by unmasking an egwugwu

Which of the following improved communication between India and Britain

completion of the Suez Canal use of steamships laying of submarine cables

Some of the consistent ironies inherent in Things Fall Apart revolve around Okonkwo's flawed character. He was, ironically

despised by his own son, just as Okonkwo despised his father will undoubtedly be buried in the Evil Forest, just like his father will become known throughout the villages as a troublemaker, just like his father had a malevolent chi, just like his father was a temporary outcast, just like his father

Unlike the British in India, the French in Indochina

encouraged conversion conversion to Christianity

In general, Napoleon championed

equality under the law but not political freedom

One social goal of the British authorities in India was to

establish English-style schools for children Indian elites

In their critique of industrialized capitalism, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels claimed that

only a communist revolution would overcome the abuses of capitalism and creates a just and equal society

The indigenous religions of sub-Saharan African were essentially

polytheistic, recognizing numerous local gods as well as a single creator god

In contrast to modern stereotypes, nearly half of all accused witches were men

False

In spite of isolation and harsh climate, Russians ventures over the Urals in Siberia in search of:

Furs

This governement gave the most worker's rights, pensions, and social security than other industrializing nations in the late 19th century

Germany

Which order did these African empires arise?

Ghana, Mali, Songhay

By 1750, all of the following regions were linked by trade and commerce except 1. Australia 2. Brazil 3. India 4. Indonesia 5. South Africa

1. Australia

In the new world, the Columbian exchange generally resulted in: 1. the introduction of infectious diseases 2. the staggering loss of indigenous populations 3. the introduction of domesticated animals 4. the introduction of food crops 5. all of the above

5. all of the above

Martin Luther's work had an enthusiastic popular support because: 1. he attacked the sale of indulgences that the poor could not afford 2. many Christians shared his concern about the corruption of the Church 3. many German princes saw this as a way to break away from the Church 4. he supported the translation of the Bible from Latin into the Vernacular languages 5. all of the above

5. all of the above

Richelieu and his absolutist theory heir, Louis XIV, managed to control the nobles of France and their activities by: 1. crushing the most powerful nobles in a civil war early in his reign 2.heavily taxing the nobles estates so they could no longer fund private armies 3. requiring the nobility to live at Versailles where he could distract them and keep an eye on them 4. appointing hundreds of new nobles from the merchant class, who were loyal to him 5. all of the above

5. all of the above

Sunni Ali's administration of the Songhay was strengthened by: 1. a system of provincial governors 2. an effective chain of military command 3. an imperial navy to patrol the Niger River 4. the profitable trans-Saharan traffic 5. all of the above

5. all of the above

The Peace of Westphalia which ended the Thirty Years' War ensured that 1. Germany remained fragmented 2. the nations of Europe would no longer go to war over religion 3. each nation was permitted to direct its own internal affairs 4. the balance of power was the new principle of European diplomacy 5. all of the above

5. all of the above

Things Fall Apart Characters

Amalinze the Cat: respected wrestler defeated by Okonkwo Chielo: divine priestess of Agbala Umuofia: Okonkwo's native village Osu: outcasts of the village Unoka: Okownkwo's disreputable father Chi: One's personal god, for better or for worse Nwoye: Okonkwo's son Enoch: early convert to Christianity Evil Forest: where Christians were allowed to build their church

The first European power to abolish the slaved trade was

Britain

The Russian empire was defeated in the Crimean War because

Britain and France joined forces to prevent Russian expansion into the Ottoman Empire

John Calvins contribution to the furthering of the Protestant Reformation came from

Codifying Protestantism into a coherent and organized manner

Candide character matches

Jacques/James: drowned anabaptist auto-da-fe: trial by faith, often resulting in burning Pangloss: Candides wordy and know it all mentor/philosopher Old Woman: daughter of Pope Cacambo: Candides loyal and honest travelling companion Candide: has difficulty learning from his experiences Martin: Candide's world wise and often cynical friend Cunegonde: Candide's beloved The Turk: a self-sufficient man who works his own land The Baron: Cunegonde's noble brother who insists she marries a noble

which region is incorrectly paired with a primary trade good

Japan and spices

The Songhay Empire was toppled by

Morocco

The Taiping rebellion was defeated when

Nanjing was defeated by a combined force of imperial and European soldiers

Okonkwo participates in Ikemefuna's murder because

Okonkwo didn't want to appear weak

The Portuguese slave trade began in the mid 15th century with Portuguese raiders capturing African man and selling them in Europe. How had this trade changed by the mid 16th century?

Portuguese merchants brought slaves from African raider and sold them to Europe and the Americas

Although relations between Portugal and the Kongo were initially friendly, the Kongo was ultimately destroyed because

Portuguese slave traders undermined the authority of the kings

Which individual is incorrectly paired with a scientific discovery

Ptolemy and the moons of Jupiter

Which two kingdoms were involved in the Spanish Armada?

Spain v. England

The Thirty years war began when

The Holy Roman Emperor tried to force his Bohemian subject to return to Catholicism

Ikemefuna comes under Okonkwo's care because

a clanswoman was killed by a Mbaino villager

Portuguese sailors were able to tack against the prevailing winds by using

a combination of square and lateen sails

The population of the industrial world grew dramatically in the 19th century, in part because

improved transportation networks resulted in cheaper food and therefore better diets

The British insisted on their right to trade opium with China because

it was the only good they could sell in China for profit

One advantage of the industrial corporation over the older joint-stock company was the

limited liability for investors

Which was NOT an economic advantage enjoyed by Britain in the 18th century?

local sources of raw cotton

Improvements in transportation, such as the railroads and steamships

lowered transportation costs linked industrial centers with overseas resources facilitated the movement of people as well as goods facilitated delivery of manufactured products to consumers

The "white man's burden" proposed by Rudyard Kipling referred to the

moral duty of the west to work to "civilize" the rest of the world

Before returning home, Okonkwo shows his gratitude to his maternal kinsmen by doing what?

providing a great feast for them

Proponents of "scientific racism" argued that

race could be biologically defined and characterized western dominance was justified on the basis on racial superiority the theories of Charles Darwin supported wolrd dominance by the "fittest" races people of European descent were morally superior to other races

By 1900, birthrates had sharply declined in most industrialized countries because

raising children was more expensive in an industrial society than in an agricultural one declining infant mortality meant that more of the children born were likely to survive improved health and nutrition reduced overall death rathes married couples actively practiced birth control

Pangloss's positivist philosophy pervades Voltaire's Candide. What was not an attribute of Pangloss's positivist philosophy?

sometimes bad things happen to good people

in response to the challenges raised by the Protestant Reformation, the Catholic Church

summoned a council to clarify doctrine and strengthen their spiritual commitment

An example of a syncretic cult combining elements of Christianity and African beliefs is

the Antonian movement

One striking difference between the British and the French imperial models in Africa is that

the British preferred to use local institutions to control subject populations

The example of Thomas Peters establishing the slave refuge in West Africa called Sierra Leone illustrates

the extensive linkages between lands in the Atlantic Ocean basic

What could be considered a contributing cause of the Russian revolution of 1905?

the lack of representative legislative body the defeat of Russia in the Russo-Japanese War the Bloody Sunday massacre the governments failure to address the inequities of land ownership

What was NOT a correct explanation of why the Haitian revolution succeeded?

the revolutionaries had the support of British and Spanish forces

Which is a feature or effect of cultural nationalism?

the study of your cultures language the study of your cultures history collecting folk songs and fairy tales of your culture anit-semitism

The Russian intelligentsia promoted terrorism as a strategy for political reform because

their attempts at more peaceful reform were crushed by the tsarist authorities

In response to socialist demands for social and economic reform, most governments

treated trade unions as illegal organizations supported business and prosecuted strikers eventually passed laws restricting child labor extended the vote to the working class

British rule undermined the Indian cotton industry

undercutting the cost of Indian cloth with cheap British textiles