History Chapters 1-6
Yahweh
God of the monotheistic religion of Israelites (Judaism) that influenced later Christianity and Islam.
settled in central Anatolia, established powerful kingdoms, conquer the Babylonian empire, Technological feats include iron metallurgy and light horse-drawn chariots.
Hittites
Gilgamesh was
a king of the city-state of Uruk, the hero in a popular Mesopotamian epic, a warrior against the city of Kish, the friend of Enkidu.
Hieroglyphics
an ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds
Phoenicians
based on their sea trade and commercial networks and developed an early alphabetical script, they were NOT agriculturalist.
Prehistory refers to the period...
before the invention of writing
written documentation from Mesopotamia
commercial and taxation, astronomy and mathematics, epic literature
A major difference between Homo erectus and Australopithecus was the ability to
communicate complex ideas
By about 5000 B.C.E., agriculture had displaced hunting and gathering societies in several regions of the world, primarily because
cultivation provided a stable, more regular food source
The term "neolithic era" originally meant one thing, but today has come to refer to
early stages of agriculture
Mummification
embalmment and drying a dead body and wrapping it as a mummy
Sargon of Akkad was a
gifted administrator and warrior
In Hammurabi's code was a
law code associated with the Babylonian king Hammurabi, Lex talionis: "Law of retaliation," laws in which offenders suffered punishments similar to their crimes; the most famous example is Hammurabi's code
Human beings and large apes are significantly different in
level of intelligence
what is true of the land called Mesopotamia?
lies between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, home to Sumerians, priests and priestesses were powerful rulers over temple communities.
Pyramids
monumental architecture typical of Old Kingdom Egypt; used as burial sites for pharaohs
Monotheism is when
people only believe in one god
What is the significance of the Natufian, Jomon, and Chinook cultures?
permanent settlements, larger groups, specialized labor, hierarchies of authority
Kush
African state that developed along the upper reaches of the Nile; conquered Egypt and ruled it for several centuries
Southwest Asian people who built an empire that reached its height during the eighth and seventh centuries B.C.E.; it was known for a powerful army and a well-structured state.
Assyrians
The famous Lucy was an
Australopithecus
European tribes who settled in India their union with indigenous Dravidians; formed the basis of Hinduism.
Ayrans
Mesopotamian empire with a centralized bureaucracy and Law Code centered around its capital, Babylon.
Babylon
Sumerians
Earliest Mesopotamian society, oganize work on building projects, rule over the area surrounding the city, oversee the construction and maintenance of irrigation systems, organize the defense of the city against attacks
migrations from India through western Europe; their greatest legacy was the broad distribution of Indo-European languages throughout Eurasia.
Indo-Europeans
Meroitic
Kush's own written language that historians are not able to understand
Ziggurats
Mesopotamian temples
Patriarchy
System of social organization in which males dominate
Cities first emerged from agricultural villages and towns in the valleys of the
Tigris and Euphrates rivers
Cuneiform was the
Written language of the Sumerians, and probably first writting
The Epic of Gilgamesh talked about
relations between humans and gods, recounts the adventures of Gilgamesh and his friend, describes the hero's efforts to attain immortality, explored relations between humans and the gods, contemplates the meaning of life and death.
The most significant defining characteristic of the paleolithic era was that they
relied on hunting and gathering
Çatal Hüyük is an archaeological site in Anatolia from neolithic times, in which one can readily see evidence of
specialization of labor
What was a likely purpose of an early human cave painting?
sympathetic magic
who didn't rule a Mesopotamian empire?
the Jews
Israelites
the division of the kingdom of Israel, conquest by the Assyrians, the destruction of Jerusalem by the New Babylonian empire, the return of deportees to Judea, where they became known as Jews
Indo-europeans
tribes from southern Russia, migrated to western Europe and the British Isles, India and Iran, & Anatolia (modern Turkey). but NOT Asia; used horses to expand, greatest legacy was the broad distribution of Indo-European languages throughout Eurasia.
Which of the following did Sumerian cities and their governments do?
work on building projects, rule area surrounding the city, oversee construction and maintenance of irrigation systems, organize the defense against city attacks
