History Multiple Choice
The Spanish explorer who deposed the Aztec ruler Motecuhzoma was a. Hernan Cortes. b. Luis Montenegro. c. Justin Alvaro. d. Francisco Pizarro.
a. Hernan Cortes.
After Columbus' third voyage, the Spanish kings a. Imprisoned him for poor governorship. b. Killed him. c. Sent him back to Italy. d. Brough him to court and named him a knight of the order.
a. Imprisoned him for poor governorship.
William Byrd's Westover Plantation was on the a. James River. b. York River. c. Charles River. d. American River.
a. James River.
What did joint stock companies like the Plymouth and London Companies, usually dispute over? a. Land b. Slaves c. Native People d. Water Rights
a. Land
Which Native culture invented the calendar? a. Maya b. Inca c. Powhatan d. Seminole
a. Maya
The British strategy in the Seven Years' War paid off in the years a. 1758-60. b. 1755-57. c. 1753-54. d. 1760-63.
a. 1758-60.
Why did the English in the 16th century feel the need to establish and expand colonies? a. All of these b. The demand for farm labor decreased. c. Many land owners began raising sheep rather than growing crops. d. England's population doubled between 1550 and 1650.
a. All of these
The "enterprise of exploration" a. All of these. b. Was located in courts across Europe but mostly involved Italians in those courts. c. Was so necessary to the voyages that they could not have happened without it. d. Involved not only seafarers but also bankers and mapmakers.
a. All of these.
The Mayan civilization can count in its major achievements the development of a. All of these. b. An extensive religious society. c. A writing system. d. An accurate astronomical calendar.
a. All of these.
What happened in the British colonies by the middle of the 18th century? a. All of these. b. Large numbers of African slaves were being imported into the British colonies. c. Native American groups were being steadily pushed out and decimated by disease. d. The population of the British colonies was doubling approximately every 25 years.
a. All of these.
What type of colony were British North American colonies? a. All of these b. Royal colonies c. Charter colonies d. Proprietary colonies
a. All of these.
Which navigator is displayed at the top of Martin Waldseemüller's map of 1507? a. Amerigo Vespucci b. Juan de la Cosa c. Alonso de Ojeda d. Christopher Columbus
a. Amerigo Vespucci
Paolo Toscanelli provided Columbus with a map that suggested a. Asia was closer than it really was. b. There were two new continents just on the other side of the Atlantic. c. There was a kingdom of the Aztecs on the other side of the Atlantic. d. There was no way to round the continent of Africa.
a. Asia was closer than it really was.
In 1650, the British took these two West Indies colonies from Spain. a. Barbados and Jamaica b. Barbados and Bermuda c. Jamaica and Bermuda d. Bermuda and Martinique
a. Barbados and Jamaica
According to Columbus's descriptions, the Natives who were fierce, warlike savages were the a. Caribs. b. Tainos. c. Aztecs. d. Pueblos.
a. Caribs
The Navigation Acts were passed by Parliament to do what? a. Channel colonial trade through England rather than towards Spain and France b. Regularize colonial governments, making them all exactly the same c. Make the colonists pay for the debt accumulated during the Seven Years' War with France d. Improve the slave trade
a. Channel colonial trade through England rather than towards Spain and France
In 1739, George Whitefield came to America to a. Complete his first tour of revival meetings. b. Encourage the Puritans to do more charitable work. c. Encourage a reluctant Jonathan Edwards to join the Great Awakening. d. Settle political disputes between various churches.
a. Complete his first tour of revival meetings.
The French relationship with Native Americans differed from that of the British in that the French a. Depended on the Native Americans to sustain their colonies and so treated them with more respect. b. Were contemptuous of the Native Americans and called them savages. c. Were less willing to trade with the Native Americans. d. Colonists tended to stay in Quebec and interacted very little with Native Americans.
a. Depended on the Native Americans to sustain their colonies and so treated them with more respect.
All of the British colonial governments were the same. a. FALSE b. TRUE
a. FALSE
Amerigo Vespucci was the first European to land in Florida. a. FALSE b. TRUE
a. FALSE
In Europe land was cheap and labor plentiful, while in America land was expensive and labor scarce. a. FALSE b. TRUE
a. FALSE
In King Philip's or Metacom's War, the colonists clashed with Natives. The Natives were far superior in their strategies and won these wars. a. FALSE b. TRUE
a. FALSE
In the southern colonies, the planters encouraged extensive self-government on the part of the local people, even including indentured servants. a. FALSE b. TRUE
a. FALSE
Revival preachers usually had very detailed lecture notes. a. FALSE b. TRUE
a. FALSE
The British crown never attempted to revoke a charter or turn a charter into a royal colony in the Americas. a. FALSE b. TRUE
a. FALSE
The early colonies of Jamestown, Virginia, and Plymouth, Massachusetts, were very similar societies, with the same social and political structure. a. FALSE b. TRUE
a. FALSE
The first African slaves arrived in the New World in the early 17th century. a. FALSE b. TRUE
a. FALSE
Vespucci entered the Gulf of Mexico and traveled up the coast of North America. a. FALSE b. TRUE
a. FALSE
The Great Awakening was led by a series of powerful Catholic Priests. a. FALSE b. TRUE
a. False
Which best describes the British Caribbean colonies? a. Few indigenous people, high colonist mortality rates, more than half the population made up of enslaved Africans. b. Large, organized Native population, high colonist mortality rate from disease, large plantations of staple and cash crops. c. Few organized Natives, large family centered groups of colonists, lower disease level. d. First colonized by the Dutch.
a. Few indigenous people, high colonist mortality rates, more than half the population made up of enslaved Africans.
The society of colonists in New England and the Mid-Atlantic colonies were a. More egalitarian than in Europe. b. More egalitarian than any other place in the Americas but about the same as in Great Britain. c. Less egalitarian than the southern colonies. d. Less egalitarian than Great Britain.
a. More egalitarian than in Europe.
The biggest difference between North American Indians and the Indians in Central Mexico was that a. North American Indians were more nomadic than Central Mexican Indians. b. Central Mexican Indians were more war-like than North American Indians. c. Central Mexican Indians prospered under Spanish rule while North American Indians were starving. d. North American Indians were better organized in confederacies than Mexican Indians.
a. North American Indians were more nomadic than Central Mexican Indians.
Pontiac's Rebellion was led by a. Pontiac, a chief of the Ottawa, who organized a confederation of Native American groups in the Great Lakes region to fight the colonists. b. A tribe of Native Americans in the Carolinas led by Pontiac who fought against American colonial encroachments on their land. c. A Vermont farmer named John Pontiac who led a tax rebellion against the local colonial administration. d. A French soldier who rallied former French colonists to rebel against British rule.
a. Pontiac, a chief of the Ottawa, who organized a confederation of Native American groups in the Great Lakes region to fight the colonists.
What Native confederacy did the Jamestown settlers confront in Virginia? a. Powhatan Confederacy b. Iroquois Confederacy c. Little Turtle Confederacy d. Algonquin Confederacy
a. Powhatan Confederacy
Columbus' first Letter to Ferdinand and Isabella about his first voyage in 1492-93 was a. Published nine times in the first year after the voyage. b. Ignored outside the Spanish court. c. Published 30 times in the first year. d. First published in Lisbon.
a. Published nine times in the first year after the voyage
What sect also preached the message of "inner transformation in one's outward behavior"? a. Puritans b. Quakers c. Methodists d. Baptists
a. Puritans
This practice held that Spanish explorers had to inform uncomprehending Natives that they had become part of the Spanish Empire: a. Requerimento. b. Doble Regla. c. Pronuncia. d. La Forma.
a. Requerimento
Walter Raleigh first established a colony in North America at a. Roanoke Island. b. Plymouth. c. Jamestown. d. New York.
a. Roanoke Island
The founder of Quebec was a. Samuel de Champlain. b. Walter Raleigh. c. James McDonald. d. Pierre Dugua de Mons.
a. Samuel de Champlain
The reason why the relationship between the colonies and the Empire was strained in the 1760s was due to the a. Seven Years' War. b. Colonies printing paper money. c. Colonials giving the Natives weapons to fight the British. d. Spanish supporting the colonies against the British.
a. Seven Years' War
The first Englishman to secure a patent from the English Crown claiming land in North America was a. Sir Humphrey Gilbert. b. John Champlain. c. John White. d. Sir Christian Flyte.
a. Sir Humphrey Gilbert
The European disease that was most devastating to Natives was a. Smallpox. b. Dysentery. c. Influenza. d. Measles.
a. Smallpox
In the 1500s, the Spanish controlled areas in present-day Florida, California, New Mexico, Arizona and a. Texas. b. Nevada. c. Colorado. d. Georgia.
a. Texas
Before 1754, the colonies that suffered most from French attacks and Indian raids were a. The New England colonies. b. The Mid-Atlantic colonies. c. The Southern colonies. d. All the colonies.
a. The New England colonies.
Who established the first colony in North America near Newfoundland back in the 11th century? a. The Norsemen or Vikings b. The Danish c. The Spanish d. The Saxons
a. The Norsemen or Vikings
What allowed the southern colonies to thrive in the 18th century? a. The cultivation and sale of valuable staple crops that could not be grown in Europe, like cotton, tobacco and rice. b. The resale of slaves to the West Indies. c. The introduction of the plow. d. British policies that discouraged indentured servitude.
a. The cultivation and sale of valuable staple crops that could not be grown in Europe, like cotton, tobacco, and rice.
Why did New Englanders stay away from buying slaves for life? a. Their crops did not create enough wealth. b. Their environment was more urban. c. Many New Englanders were fishers. d. Slaves had no ship building skills.
a. Their crops did not create enough wealth.
What did William Byrd II and his class valued the most? a. Their manners and courtesy b. The size of their homes c. The number of their slaves d. The extent of their estates
a. Their manners and courtesy
In 1501, Captain Gaspar Corte-Real sailed from the Azores to Maine and was surprised that a. There were signs of Europeans previously being in North America. b. There were so many forests. c. There were few Native Americans d. There was no sea passage to Asia.
a. There were signs of Europeans previously being in North America.
Which new American crop created a "rage" in England when it was first introduced? a. Tobacco b. Rice c. Indigo d. Sugar
a. Tobacco
The British conquests during the Seven Years' War angered the Indians settled a. West of the Appalachian Mountains. b. East of the Appalachian Mountains. c. In New York. d. In New Hampshire.
a. West of the Appalachian Mountains.
The importation of slaves to Barbados grew rapidly from 1620 to 1865, from about 21,000 to 175,000. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
Sir Thomas More's Utopia was about a. His proposed plan to reform society. b. A fictionalized traveler that accompanied Vespucci. c. A realistic travelogue about Vespucci's voyages. d. The discoveries of Columbus in the New World.
b. A fictionalized traveler that accompanied Vespucci
The 1763 Treaty of Paris between Britain and France ended the Seven Years' War and resulted in a. France surrendering Canada to the British. b. All of these c. France surrendering the Great Lakes region to the British. d. Spain surrendering Florida to the British.
b. All of these
Which of the following was a cause of Pontiac's Rebellion? a. Colonial settlers began taking more and more Native American lands. b. All of these c. British officers cut back on gifts to Native American chiefs. d. British traders raised the price of guns and ammunition.
b. All of these
Jonathan Edwards was a. A philosopher. b. All of these. c. A leading figure in the First Great Awakening. d. The most important theologian of the early 19th century.
b. All of these.
The Triangle Trade across the Atlantic included a. The Caribbean colonies produced sugar and molasses that could be sent to America and Britain. b. All of these. c. The New England colonies sold food and timber to Caribbean planters. d. The British gave money credits for business across the Atlantic.
b. All of these.
When compared to the Europeans, the Natives of the Americas lacked a. Metallurgy. b. All of these. c. The wheel. d. Large domesticated animals.
b. All of these.
Opechancanough is known for what? a. Expanding and consolidating a large Native confederacy called the Powhatans. b. An attack on the Jamestown colony that killed a quarter of the English colonists. c. Giving advice to the Pilgrims that helped them to survive their first years in North America. d. Leading of the Pequot War in 1637.
b. An attack on the Jamestown colony that killed a quarter of the English colonists
The first Native goods in North America that became desirable in the trade across the Atlantic were a. Wood and lumber. b. Beaver and deer pelts. c. Gold and silver. d. Corn and tobacco.
b. Beaver and deer pelts.
Why were young men in some Native American communities able to gain more power over their elders and women through trading with Europeans? a. Europeans would not trade with women, even when women were leaders of Indian communities - which gave young men more influence. b. Because young men did much of the hunting, they became more influential from trading furs and skins with Europeans in exchange for iron, steel, and woven textile goods. c. Young men were more willing to sell or trade land to the colonists, putting them more in favor with European traders. d. Young men easily learned to speak the European languages and were therefore more successful in trading.
b. Because young men did much of the hunting, they became more influential from trading furs and skins with Europeans in exchange for iron, steel, and woven textile goods.
The British would not make compromises with the Americans after the Seven Years' War because a. Native Americans allied with the British were keeping American colonists in check. b. British victories in the Seven Years' War had made them too proud and overconfident. c. The British were distracted and not paying attention to the American colonies. d. The colonists were too poor to resist.
b. British victories in the Seven Years' War had made them too proud and overconfident
Which of the following was the primary goal of the British Empire in North America during the Seven Years' War? a. Enforcing new taxes in the colonies. b. Capturing French Canada. c. Forcing Native Americans out of the Ohio River Valley. d. Defeating Spain in Florida.
b. Capturing French Canada.
The name that Europeans gave to the island of Japan was a. Cathay. b. Cipangu. c. Japonica. d. Shangri-La.
b. Cipangu
During the Iberian expansion, the species of fish that was most plentiful in the Atlantic Ocean was a. Trout. b. Cod. c. Halibut. d. Salmon.
b. Cod
The first European slave center south of the Sahara was called a. Sao Tome Island. b. Elmina Castle. c. Sri Lanka Port. d. Gold Coast.
b. Elmina Castle
Tom Bell committed his swindles by a. Stealing horses from wealthy people. b. Impersonating evangelicals and aristocrats. c. Taking advantage of his old friends from Harvard. d. Using his father's shipping business as a front to fool wealthy people.
b. Impersonating evangelicals and aristocrats.
Where did evangelicals often preach? a. In the South. b. In the open air c. Only inside churches. d. The Boston Commons
b. In the open air
According to the author, Peterson, which of the 13 colonies were the most religious -- printing books, establishing churches, and training ministers? a. Virginia b. New England c. New York d. The Deep South
b. New England
Which colonies does Peterson characterize as having quite extensive systems of self-government? a. Nova Scotia b. New England c. Southern plantation colonies d. Pennsylvania
b. New England
What was the name of the great Spanish silver mine in the Andes? a. Chile b. Potosi c. Columbia d. Cerrito
b. Potosi
Jamestown was located near a large Indian group called the a. Huron Confederacy. b. Powhatan Confederacy. c. Algonquin Confederacy. d. Iroquois Confederacy.
b. Powhatan Confederacy
Queen Elizabeth gave Sir Walter Raleigh the privilege to settle the area of North America near a. Cape Colony. b. Roanoke Island. c. Florida. d. The Orinoco River.
b. Roanoke Island
In the most northern section of New Spain, Don Pedro de Peralta founded a settlement named a. Alburquerque. b. Santa Fe. c. Saint Augustine. d. New Mexico.
b. Sante Fe
After Europeans realized the Americans were not Asia, their motives a. Shifted towards peaceful trade with Natives in the Americas. b. Shifted from trade to gaining possession of the new lands. c. Shifted from trade to a robust slave trade in Natives across the Atlantic. d. Were the same as if they were in Asia -- to conquer and possess.
b. Shifted from trade to gaining possession of the new lands.
Which colony attempted to replicate the sugar production of Barbados and failed? a. North Carolina b. South Carolina c. Georgia d. Maryland
b. South Carolina
The Madeira Islands off the coast of Portugal was important for the cultivation of a. Tobacco b. Sugar c. Opium d. Brazilwood
b. Sugar
A common pattern of all the British colonies was the development of a system of courts and some kind of representative assembly made up of delegates from the various communities. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
According to the author, Peterson, Tom Bell was one of the most famous persons in America in the 1730s and 40s. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
Although more egalitarian, the northern societies still maintained European gender and age hierarchies. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
By the time the British colonized islands in the West Indies, the indigenous populations had all but died out. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
Christopher Columbus hoped to find a new sea route to Asia. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
Colonization in North America was often spurred by religious persecution in Europe. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
During the Seven Years' War, colonial merchants engaged in a smuggling trade with the enemy. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
During the colonial period landowners were willing to pay high prices for unfree labor. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
Each colonial region discovered different ways to profit from the land. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
Europeans perfected the cultivation of sugar in the Madeira Islands before they took it across the Atlantic. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
Even though George Whitefield scorned the theater, he used many theatrical techniques to dramatize his sermons. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
For every famous crown-sponsored voyage to the New World in the 16th century, there were dozens of small commercial fishing vessels that crossed the Atlantic and worked the fishing grounds of the North American coast. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
Francisco Pizarro managed to capture the Great Inca leader Atahualpa in 1532. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
George Whitefield was influenced by the theater. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
Greed was the main factor of Spain's early rulers, financiers, and explorers who focused their efforts on the East. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
In 1600-1750, each English colonies in America had its own distinct connection to England but were not particularly well connected socially or economically to one another. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
In 1650, England was only one of many European countries settling North America, but in 1763, after the Seven Years' War, it was clearly the dominant European power. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
In the New World, Europeans did not simply replicate European cultures and customs but often had to blend their own with indigenous societies in a process we call Creolization. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
In the late 16th century, England and other parts of Europe were experiencing rapid population growth. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
Marco Polo claimed to have traveled through the Spice Islands on his way home. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
The Americas were settled 15,000 to 40,000 years ago by groups from Asia that crossed the Bering Strait. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
The First Great Awakening lasted about two decades. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
The Great Awakening did for religion what gentility did for the upper classes; it allowed people to transform and improve themselves. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
The Native groups Europeans encountered may have presented themselves as "occupying lands since perpetuity," but in fact, they had conquered, colonized, and driven each other across the landscape for thousands of years. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
The Native population in the eastern half of North America was reduced by half in the 16th century. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
The New England colonies sold food to the Caribbean planters because the planters could make more profits from growing sugar and did not want to waste an acre growing food crops. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
The Pope supported the Spanish in their effort to explore the New World. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
The Silk Road was actually three routes -- two by land and one by sea. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
The Spanish made Vespucci "piloto mayor" in 1508 so that he would develop official maps, but he never made them. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
The amount of taxes that British colonists paid was very small compared to the amount paid by British subjects in Great Britain. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
The author, Peterson, suggests that Tom Bell could impersonate people and be easily accepted because Americans themselves found it relatively easy to change their own identities, and the Great Awakening actually encouraged this phenomenon of "self-transformation." a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
Vespucci's book about his voyages to the New World (1504) was dedicated to the man who ousted the Medici and re-established the Florentine Republic in 1494 - Piero de Soderini. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
Waldseemüller was initially impressed by Vespucci. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
William Byrd II received some legal training in England. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
New Netherland and the Hudson River region were originally colonized by a. The Spanish. b. The Dutch. c. British Congregationalists. d. The French.
b. The Dutch.
By 1750, the only other European power to dominate North America besides the British were a. The Swedish b. The French c. The Dutch d. The Danish
b. The French
During the time of Marco Polo's voyage, the Chinese Empire was ruled by a. The Great Eminence. b. The Great Kubilai Khan c. Nee-jin-doh. d. The Ming King.
b. The Great Kubilai Khan
The Puritans who settled in Massachusetts traveled there from England and the country of a. France. b. The Netherlands. c. Scotland. d. Denmark.
b. The Netherlands
"Masterless men" were former farmers who were a. Now searching for land of their own. b. Thrown off lands by British laws and were flooding cities, like London, looking for work. c. Fired by their masters and now were roaming the lands. d. Freed from indentured servitude.
b. Thrown off lands by British laws and were flooding cities, like London, looking for work.
Vespucci made how many voyages to the Americas? a. Three voyages, including one voyage where he landed in Florida b. Two proven voyages in 1499 and 1501 c. Four proven voyages between 1497 and 1502 d. One proven voyage in 1497
b. Two proven voyages in 1499 and 1501
The Portuguese explorer who rounded Cape Hope in Africa and sailed to India was a. Henan Cortes. b. Vasco da Gama. c. Fernando Corta Real. d. Bernabe Gonzales.
b. Vasco de Gama
What official did the Spanish crown send to govern their colonies? a. Priests b. Viceroys c. Generals d. Counselors
b. Viceroys
Virginia tobacco planters, such as William Byrd II participated in the late 17th century in the a. "Culture of the South." b. "Culture of Nobility." c. "Culture of Gentility." d. "Culture of the Planters."
c. "Culture of Gentility."
The migration of people from Asia to the Americas across the Bering Strait stopped about a. 100,000 years ago. b. 5,000 years ago. c. 15,000 years ago. d. 10,000 years ago.
c. 15,000 years ago.
When was the entire North American coastline from Nova Scotia to Georgia in British hands? a. 1640 b. 1700 c. 1763 d. 1800
c. 1763
What is true about South Carolina? a. Rice became one of the primary products grown in South Carolina. b. South Carolina was made up of large plantations worked mostly by slave labor. c. All of these d. African slaves outnumbered English colonists by at least a 2:1 ratio.
c. All of these
What item developed the economies of the Caribbean and British southern mainland colonies? a. Sugar cane b. Molasses c. All of these d. Slave labor
c. All of these
African slavery developed in the Caribbean and the Chesapeake for what reason? a. English population growth slowed due to a plague epidemic, leaving fewer people willing to make the difficult transition to America. b. The English colonists engaged in large staple and cash crop development that required difficult, labor-intense, high-mortality labor that free men did not want to perform. c. All of these d. The staple and cash crop economy of the colonies was so profitable that the demand for labor could not be fulfilled by English migrants alone.
c. All of these.
The products that were most likely to be found in New England were a. Corn. b. Wood. c. All of these. d. Fish.
c. All of these.
What was the Great Awakening? a. A period in New England when an unusual number of churches were built. b. The name of the ceremony when evangelicals did mass baptisms. c. An evangelical movement that emphasized personal salvation through self-transformation. d. A movement in the mid-18th century to evangelize the Native Americans.
c. An evangelical movement that emphasized personal salvation through self-transformation.
The "new birth" was a. A religious movement in the Carolinas that rejected the Anglican Church. b. A method of birth control that colonial women practiced. c. An inner spiritual transformation of the self to find God without the help of one's outside behavior. d. A sudden population increase in New England.
c. An inner spiritual transformation of the self to find God without the help of one's outside behavior.
What theory is used to explain the population of the Americas? a. Historians' theory b. Biologists' theory c. Archaeologists' theory d. Humanists' theory
c. Archaeologists' theory
Instead of using colonial militia for fighting, British commanders used them for a. Servants to the British commanders and soldiers. b. Patrolling the rivers. c. Building roads and repairing forts. d. Digging trenches and stuffing the forts.
c. Building roads and repairing forts.
Gerardus Mercatur's map was the first to a. Indicate the location of Asia. b. Map the shape of Africa. c. Call the new continents "America." d. None of these.
c. Call the new continents "America."
According to the author, Peterson, what was the "single social and economic condition that all of Britain's American colonies shared"? a. Free labor b. A glut of labor c. Cheap and plentiful land d. Large, single-crop plantations
c. Cheap and plentiful land
Columbus described the Tainos as poor, simple, and docile; and therefore, ripe for a. Leaving the island to the Spanish. b. Subjugation to the work in Spanish mines. c. Conversion to Christianity. d. Accepting the Spanish Crown as new owners of their lands.
c. Conversion to Christianity
Why did Richard Hakluyt particularly recommend establishing British colonies in North America? a. He wanted to have people on the ground to create maps and document nature in the New World. b. He wanted to establish a fur trade to rival the French. c. He maintained that Britain was overpopulated and needed a place to put "masterless men." d. He thought it would be a good place to find gold.
c. He maintained the Britain was overpopulated and needed a place to put "masterless men."
Columbus expected to encounter "Cipangu," also known as a. Korea. b. China. c. Japan. d. India.
c. Japan
The artist who painted images of America at Roanoke Island was a. Thomas Herriott. b. Theodore De Bry. c. John White. d. Walter Raleigh.
c. John White
Columbus was a. A student at the Casa de Contratacion. b. Able to enjoy the fantastic wealth and royal recognition of his second voyage. c. Largely self-educated. d. Opposed to the ideas of the Florentine mathematician Paolo Toscanelli.
c. Largely self-educated.
Who asked: "How can one man say it [land] belongs only to him"? a. Thomas Jefferson b. Metacom c. Massasoit d. William Penn
c. Massasoit
Where was agriculture most developed in the New World? a. The eastern coast of North America b. The Andes and the Argentine pampas c. Mexico and the Andes d. Brazil
c. Mexico and the Andes
The title of Vespucci's famous book was a. First Explorations b. America Latino. c. Mundus Novus. d. Brazilia Nova.
c. Mundus Novus
The colonies that had the most developed local government in terms of schools, courts, poor relief, tax collection were in a. The Carolinas. b. Virginia and Maryland. c. New England. d. New York.
c. New England
Which colony did away with state churches altogether and allowed for a wide variety of religions? a. Massachusetts b. Virginia c. Pennsylvania d. West Indies
c. Pennsylvania
The first Puritans who settled in the New England colonies were sometimes called a. Bostonians b. Quakers c. Pilgrims d. Congregationalists
c. Pilgrims
For a long time, the British neglected their colonies but began to play close attention to them after the a. War of the Spanish Succession. b. American Revolution. c. Seven Years' War. d. Quasi-War with France.
c. Seven Years' War.
Beginning in the 1500s, a commodity which became a very profitable part of the New World economy was a. Salt. b. Olives. c. Slaves. d. Gold.
c. Slaves
What was the primary crop of Barbados? a. Indigo b. Tobacco c. Sugar d. Rice
c. Sugar
The Europeans found the Americas to be a "breadbasket," because a. They could grow rice almost anywhere. b. Wheat could be grown in the vast Amazon Basin. c. The Americas had many calorie-rich foods, like potatoes and corn, which were beneficial to European diets. d. None of these.
c. The Americas had many calorie-rich foods, like potatoes and corn, which were beneficial to European diets.
While the Portuguese established themselves in Africa, the Spanish established themselves in a. Maine. b. The Madeiras c. The Canaries. d. The Azores.
c. The Canaries
New York was originally founded by a. William Penn b. Roger Williams c. The Dutch d. Eight English Nobles
c. The Dutch
The first location in the Atlantic where Western Europeans attempted the large-scale cultivation of sugar was a. Cyprus. b. The Levant. c. The Madeira Islands. d. North Africa.
c. The Madeira Islands
The Spanish shipment of goods between Asia and Mexico was called a. The Cathay Connection. b. The Chinese Clipper. c. The Manila Galleon. d. The Acapulco Galleon.
c. The Manila Galleon
Whom did Columbus approach first with his idea to sail west across the Atlantic Ocean? a. The English b. The Aragonese c. The Portuguese d. The Venetians
c. The Portuguese
The person most responsible for financing and inspiring the early navigation of the Atlantic Ocean in the mid-15th century was a. The English Prince Edward the Explorer. b. The Venetian Prince Francesco I. c. The Portuguese Prince Henry the Navigator. d. The Spanish King Alberto III.
c. The Portuguese Prince Henry the Navigator.
Who supported Columbus's expedition? a. The Portuguese monarchs b. The French monarchs c. The Spanish monarchs d. The Italian monarchs
c. The Spanish Monarchs
When the British defeated the Dutch and established the New York colony, they made peace with the Iroquois called a. The establishments of peace. b. The peace chain. c. The covenant chain. d. The Royal Peace of 1650.
c. The covenant chain.
Sir Humphrey Gilbert's project was a. The creation of privateer havens to oppose the Spanish. b. To search for a Northwest Passage. c. The creation of permanent fishing settlements in Newfoundland and coastal North America. d. The creation of a permanent farming settlement in coastal America.
c. The creation of permanent fishing settlements in Newfoundland and Coastal North America.
The main reason that the diseases of the Old World overwhelmed populations in the New World was that a. The gene pool of the Old World was smaller than the New World, meaning Native Americans had more immunities. b. The first Europeans exploited the Natives so severely that they were physically debilitated and much more vulnerable to disease. c. The gene pool of the Old World was much larger than that of the New World, meaning Native Americans had fewer immunities. d. The Native population's food was overrun by domestic animals from Europe, which caused hunger and disease.
c. The gene pool of the Old World was much larger than that of the New World. meaning Native American had fewer immunities.
Who was the founder of the Rhode Island colony? a. Cotton Mather b. John Cabot c. Anne Hutchinson d. Roger Williams
d. Roger Williams
The Spanish named the indigenous people they encountered in the American Southwest "Pueblos," the Spanish word for towns, because a. Their land was very close to the Spanish town of Santa Fe. b. They hoped to turn the nomadic tribe into a settled people. c. They were impressed with the towns they built. d. They were impressed with the size of their empire.
c. They were impressed with the towns they built.
What were Ferdinand and Isabella's motives for approving Columbus' first voyage? a. They had heard rumors of gold in lands across the sea and wanted to be the first there. b. To fulfill the Pope's mission that they should settle all territory west of the Treaty of Tordesillas Line. c. To compete with the Portuguese who had already established trading networks in the Atlantic and Africa. d. The conversion of large numbers of Asians to the Catholic faith.
c. To compete with the Portuguese who had already established trading networks in the Atlantic and Africa.
Hernan Cortes compared Tenochtitlan to a. Rome. b. London. c. Venice. d. Madrid.
c. Venice.
The colonial governments were a. Primitive and ineffective. b. Had the same structure as the British government. c. Very different from colony to colony. d. Basically the same from colony to colony.
c. Very different from colony to colony.
One of the characteristics of mass revivals was that they a. Only catered to white people. b. Primarily appealed to people in the professions and middle class. c. Were welcoming of people from all ethnicities and religious denominations. d. Were only held in the New England colonies.
c. Were welcoming of people from all ethnicities and religious denominations.
Colonial products in 1700 included a. Peanuts and olives. b. Lemons and oranges. c. Wheat and corn. d. Cocoa and coffee.
c. Wheat and corn.
The Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) divided the New World between Spain and Portugal along a line a. About 148 leagues east of Hispaniola. b. Just west of the Amazon River. c. Along the 48th Parallel or through the Azores Islands. d. 370 leagues west of the Azores Islands.
d. 370 leagues west of the Azores Islands
Who was Robert Feke? a. The most important dancing master in Virginia. b. An important evangelical in Pennsylvania. c. The governor of New York. d. A painter of colonial portraits in the early 18th century.
d. A painter of colonial portraits in the early 18th century.
According to Alfred Crosby, what kind of exchange was there between the Old and New World? a. Diseases or microbes b. Plants c. Animals d. All of these
d. All of these
Marco Polo purportedly traveled to a. China. b. Turkey (Asia Minor). c. The Mongol Empire d. All of these.
d. All of these
The Atlantic islands that the Iberians discovered and settled in the 1400s were a. Canaries b. Azores c. Madeiras d. All of these
d. All of these
The British felt that Americans were not contributing their fair share to the repayment of the national war debt for the Seven Years' War because a. American militias contributed very little military help to the British Army in defense of the colonies. b. Americans paid a fraction of the taxes paid by citizens in Great Britain. c. Americans smuggled and traded with Britain's enemies. d. All of these
d. All of these
What is true about rice cultivation in the Carolinas. a. It was introduced by enslaved Africans. b. It became the dominant crop of South Carolina. c. It replaced the cultivation of sugar cane. d. All of these
d. All of these
What is true about the Iroquois Confederacy. a. There were five nations that made up the confederacy. b. The confederacy began a military expansion south and west to replenish their numbers. c. The Iroquois lived between the St. Lawrence and the Hudson Rivers. d. All of these
d. All of these
According to the author Taylor, before the war, the American colonists a. Had more landowners than British subjects in Europe. b. Had more voters than British subjects in Europe. c. Had more wealth than British subjects in Europe. d. All of these.
d. All of these.
In what way were Jamestown and Plymouth\ similar? a. They both had slaves. b. They both had licenses from the crown to colonize. c. They both eventually developed agricultural crops that allowed them to survive. d. All of these.
d. All of these.
The British made concessions to the Natives after the Seven Years' War in the a. Royal Proclamation of 1754. b. Treaty of Paris (1783). c. Treaty of Paris (1763). d. Royal Proclamation of 1763.
d. Royal Proclamation of 1763
The Royal Proclamation of 1763 a. Was designed keep the peace with the Natives across the Appalachian Mountains. b. Kept colonial settlers east of the Appalachian Mountains. c. Slowed down only for a short time the migration of Americans into the new lands won from the French. d. All of these.
d. All of these.
The most sophisticated city civilization in the Americas was a. Incas. b. Aztecs. c. Mayans. d. All of these.
d. All of these.
The leader of the Inca at the time of the conquest of the Andes was a. Thevet. b. Motecuhzoma. c. Powhatan. d. Atahualpa.
d. Atahualpa
Colonial American aristocrats embraced gentility as a personal goal in the early 18th century because they a. Were concerned about the effect of slavery on their way of life. b. Were concerned about the abuse of Native Americans. c. Believed that they were better and more pure than their European brethren. d. Believed their way of life was degenerate and backwards compared to Europeans.
d. Believed their way of life was degenerate and backwards compared to Europeans.
What was the name of the ship the Portuguese developed for crossing oceans? a. Nao b. Santa Maria c. Lateen d. Caravel
d. Caravel
Which region in the New World was the most densely populated at the time of European exploration? a. Cuba b. The eastern half of North America c. The horn of South America d. Central America, particularly Mexico
d. Central America, particularly Mexico
The British American colonies were primarily a. Mixed communities, all of which had large slave populations. b. Big cities with few towns and villages. c. Free communities where there was almost no slavery. d. Farming communities.
d. Farming communities.
Gianotto Berardi was of the a. Venetian community. b. Roman community. c. Genovese community. d. Florentine community.
d. Florentine community.
What was the item that Natives most often traded to Europeans? a. Iron and steel tools b. Textiles c. Slaves d. Furs
d. Furs
Besides English, the second most spoken language in some colonies like Pennsylvania was a. Spanish. b. Dutch. c. French. d. German.
d. German
What records are needed to verify the presence of Europeans on the American continent? a. Ship records b. Bills of landing c. Letters and diaries d. Historical or archeological records
d. Historical or archeological records
During the 1750s, in addition to North America, the British met with success in a. Martinique and Haiti. b. Africa. c. China and Japan. d. India and the Philippines.
d. India and the Philippines.
The uprising known as Pontiac's Rebellion a. Was primarily fought in the colony of Massachusetts. b. Occurred in the middle of the War of the American Revolution. c. None of these. d. Involved numerous Native tribes.
d. Involved numerous Native tribes.
In an important Native American battle, the French explorer Samuel de Champlain took the side of the Huron against the Native American group, the a. Delaware. b. Powhatan Confederacy. c. Algonquin Confederacy. d. Iroquois Confederacy.
d. Iroquois Confederacy
Identify the two major and staple Central American crops. a. Beans and potatoes b. Maize and beans c. Potatoes and tomatoes d. Maize (corn) and potatoes
d. Maize (corn) and potatoes
According to the author, Peterson, what were the two reasons that colonials fell for Tom Bell's swindle? a. The anxiety of people about their place in society and their fear of the afterlife. b. The wealth of Americans and their generosity. c. Concern of Americans for their safety on the frontier and worry about strangers. d. Mobility of colonial Americans and the anxiety of people about their place in society.
d. Mobility of colonial American and the anxiety of people about their place in society.
In the early 16th century, fishermen were attracted to what part of North America? a. Florida b. Roanoke Island c. Greenland d. Newfoundland
d. Newfoundland
Slave labor was used very little by northern colonies, such as New England, because a. Slavery had been illegal since the founding of those colonies. b. Fear of slave rebellions was too high. c. The slave trade came through the Caribbean, there were few slaves left to purchase by the time slave traders made it to the northern colonies. d. None of the high-priced staple commodities grew well enough to make large plantations run by slave labor profitable.
d. None of the high-priced staple commodities grew well enough to make large plantations run by slave labor profitable.
Vespucci's patron was a. Bernardo de Medici of Genoa. b. Christopher Columbus. c. Gianotto Berardi. d. Pierfrancesco Lorenzo de Medici.
d. Pierfrancesco Lorenzo de Medici
The intention of the Navigation Acts was to a. Make sure that American ships did not get into the shipping lanes of British ships. b. Legalize the kidnapping of American sailors for service on British ships in time of war. c. Compel Americans to transport goods from city to city by land instead of by sea. d. Prevent British foes from trading with the American colonies.
d. Prevent British foes from trading with the American colonies.
In the Southwest, the most important Native revolt against the Spanish was the a. Zacatecas Spring. b. Yaqui Insurrection. c. Zuni Revolution. d. Pueblo Revolt.
d. Pueblo Revolt
French explorer Samuel de Champlain founded a settlement in North America called a. St. Regis. b. Toronto. c. Louisville. d. Quebec.
d. Quebec
The Iroquois Confederacy engaged the colonies in warfare in the 17th century to a. To support the British against the Americans. b. Get revenge. c. Gain back lost territory. d. Replace population lost to disease and in wars.
d. Replace population lost to disease and in wars.
What did the colonists hate most about the Royal Proclamation of 1763? a. Settling Catholics in the area past the royal proclamation line. b. Allowing the French to stay within the territory they just lost. c. British use of Natives to keep colonists within the boundaries of the colonies. d. Restrictions on colonial land expansion.
d. Restrictions on colonial land expansion.
The oldest European city settled in what would later become the United States is a. Pilgrim Plantation. b. Boston. c. Santa Fe. d. Saint Augustine.
d. Saint Augustine.
The British Prime Minister William Pitt blamed the colonial merchants for enabling France to sustain and protract the a. Wars in Europe. b. American War for Independence. c. Civil War. d. Seven Years' War.
d. Seven Years' War.
North American Indians were semi-nomadic to be able to take advantage of a. The colonists. b. Visiting other tribes. c. The four seasons. d. Shifting food resources.
d. Shifting food resources.
The route that Europeans used to travel to Asia was called the a. Venetian Route. b. Indian Ocean Route. c. Samarkand Road. d. Silk Road.
d. Silk Road
What part of the American colonies was rice the principle crop? a. Massachusetts b. New York c. Georgia d. South Carolina
d. South Carolina
What plant did Columbus take with him on his second voyage? a. Coffee plant b. Lemon tree plant c. Olive tree plant d. Sugar plant
d. Sugar Plant
Who was Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina? a. Famous composer b. Banker c. Supporter of Columbus d. Supporter of Vespucci
d. Supporter of Vespucci
Who were the "peaceful" Natives that Columbus first encountered in the Caribbean? a. Caribs b. Aztecs c. Mayan d. Tainos
d. Tainos
After 1750, trade routes across the Pacific were opened between Mexico and a. Hawaii. b. Columbia. c. Cuba. d. The Philippines.
d. The Philippines
How were the Puritan settlers of New England different from the colonists in the Chesapeake? a. The Puritan settlers were primarily underemployed young men, not families. b. The Puritan settlers saw a very rapid decrease in population due to disease, unlike the Chesapeake colonists who faced little disease. c. Unlike the Virginia colonists, the New England colonists fought against a large and well organized group of Natives. d. The Puritan settlers were comprised of large family groups who emigrated together, not underemployed young men.
d. The Puritan settlers were comprised of large family groups who emigrated together, not underemployed young men.
In proprietary colonies, the governor was chosen by a. An assembly. b. A popular vote of the people. c. A board of directors. d. The charter holders.
d. The charter holders.
The main goal of the British in the Seven Years' War was a. To move all Natives west of the Mississippi River. b. To built stronger fortifications between the Natives and colonial lands. c. To end Spanish colonization in North America. d. The conquest of French Canada.
d. The conquest of French Canada.
Where were the Mound Builder cultures located? a. The coast of Peru b. Mesoamerica c. The Andean highlands d. The eastern half of North America
d. The eastern half of North America
What did William Penn and James, Duke of York, have in common? a. They both were successful in wars against the Indians. b. They fought together in the Seven Years' War. c. They established successful plantations. d. They were given large land grants by Charles II.
d. They were given large land grants by Charles II.
Who saw the Pacific Ocean first? a. Amerigo Vespucci b. Hernan Cortez c. Juan Ponce de Leon d. Vasco Nunez de Balboa
d. Vasco Nunez de Balboa
Pontiac's Rebellion affected the frontiers of the following colonies a. Massachusetts and Rhode Island. b. New Jersey and New York. c. Georgia and South Carolina. d. Virginia and Pennsylvania.
d. Virginia and Pennsylvania.
Which colonies established the Church of England as the official colonial church? a. Massachusetts and Connecticut b. Pennsylvania and Rhode Island c. Nova Scotia d. Virginia, the Carolinas, and the West Indies
d. Virginia, the Carolinas, and the West Indies
