History of Rock and Roll (MU 1133) Chapter 2
How was Buddy Holly influential as a songwriter
He wrote songs in different forms
Elvis's first single for RCA was
Heartbreak Hotel
The country and western chart was originally called
Hillbilly
How was Elvis's image and music used to appeal to a wider audience?
His time in the military was used to turn him into a good boy
Although he covered many rhythm and blues songs, ______ played a central role in establishing rock and roll in mainstream pop in the 1950s.
Pat Boone
The song helped launch Elvis Presley's career at Sun Records.
That's All Right (Mama)
radio show hosted by Alan Freed
The Moondog Show
Which of the following statements about Buddy Holly is FALSE
Which of the following statements about Buddy Holly is FALSE
crossover success for Jerry Lee Lewis
Whole Lotta Shakin' Goin' On
A crossover song is:
a song or record appearing on multiple music charts
Gene Vincent and Eddie Cochran were particularly popular with
audiences in England
Early in his career, Elvis was marketed as a:
country and western artist
The practice of payola involved:
creating business friendships with disc jockeys by offering gifts
Elvis is often thought of as a song stylist because he
did not write his own songs but chose which material he would record.
The emergence of rock and roll in the 1950s can be attributed to the relationship between DJs and
indie record labels
The "whitening" of rhythm and blues was marked by
lyrics changed to dance references instead of sexual innuendos
Which of the following was a trademark of Little Richard's music
maniacal singing
original marketing term for rhythm and blues
race records
The congressional hearings on the payola scandal focused on
radio stations that played rock and roll
All of the following are elements of Chuck Berry's music EXCEPT
songs geared toward adult black listeners
As a song, "Roll Over Beethoven" celebrates
teenagers listening to rhythm and blues.
The success of crossover artists significantly reduced
the crossover potential for the original artists
Whom did ASCAP represent during the payola scandal
traditional pop songwriters
"That'll Be the Day" was the first hit for
Buddy Holly
All of the following were artists with Sun Records EXCEPT
Buddy Holly
____ often performed a trademark "duck walk" during guitar solos.
Chuck Berry
Alan Freed began his career in
Cleveland
Elvis Presley's manager
Colonel Tom Parker
To which independent label was Little Richard signed
Specialty
Which of the following was NOT a major record label in the 1950s
Sun
Chuck Berry's first hit on Chess Records
"Maybellene"
the American Society of Composers, Artists, and Performers
ASCAP
received coauthor credit for the song "Maybellene"
Alan Freed
Two high-profile individuals associated with the payola scandal were
Alan Freed and Dick Clark
The Rock and Roll Party was
Alan Freed's radio show in New York
All of the following are examples of crossover artists EXCEPT
Big Joe Turner
Who took control of American popular music as the first wave of rock and roll ended?
Big record companies
Which 1950s movie featured Bill Haley's "(We're Gonna) Rock around the Clock"?
Blackboard Jungle
Which song was the first million-selling single for Sun Records?
Blue Suede Shoes
female rockabilly singer
Brenda Lee
(T/F) Along with Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens and Little Richard were killed in the same plane crash.
False
(T/F) Cover versions of rhythm and blues songs by white artists very rarely performed better on the pop charts than the rhythm and blues originals.
False
(T/F) Elvis is best thought of as a master songwriter who wrote in a variety of pop genres
False
(T/F) Elvis's recordings with RCA helped establish a style that came to be called "rockabilly."
False
(T/F) It was a common practice for major record labels to watch the country and western charts for hits and then cover those songs for the pop market.
False
Little Richard's aggressive piano playing and "wild man" image were a direct contrast to
Fats Domino
Why did Sam Phillips sell Elvis's contract
He needed the money for the company
Explain how payola was beneficial to indie record labels as well as independent radio stations.
It allowed for the indie songs to be aired since major companies weren't paying DJs to promote their music
Why did rhythm and blues artists often opt for a flat fee for their recordings?
It was the only thing they could work with since the record companies did not have a lot of money and were too financially unstable for royalties to be a safe bet
Which Sun Records singer was dubbed the "female Elvis"?
Janis Martin
The first rock-and-roll artist to cultivate the "wild man" persona was
Little Richard
_____ was probably the most flamboyant performer in the early years of rock and roll.
Little Richard
All of the following events affected the first wave of rock and roll EXCEPT
Pat Boone having the first rock-and-roll hit song
Elvis Presley's contract was bought by
RCA Records
was a regional radio show in Memphis hosted by Dewey Phillips
Red, Hot, and Blue
Whom did BMI represent during the payola scandal
Rock and Roll
Explain why the act of payola was NOT deemed an illegal activity
Rules covering gifts having to be acknowledge did not cove exchanging money for airtime
The "slapback echo" was a rockabilly feature pioneered by
Sam Phillips
Who started Sun Records in Memphis?
Sam Phillips
song originally performed by Big Joe Turner
Shake, Rattle, and Roll
ESSAY: How did the music industry cope with the sudden growth of rock and roll in the 1950s? What steps were taken by both independent and major labels to ensure they remained viable in the changing musical climate?
The music industry was not ready for the growth of rock and roll. The major record companies didn't acknowledge the development of it and were hurt when people started listening to rock and roll music. The independent companies played regionally since regional stations were overlooked and often ignored since money came from the cities. The independent stations had an advantage in the increase of rock and roll since they were already playing it on their stations. For that stations that were not playing it already, they payed DJs to play their records on the air and promote them, so their music would not fall out of style. Major record labels sued to regain their advantage over smaller companies.
What is the purpose of music-industry periodicals such as Cashbox and Billboard?
They were charts that showed what was selling and used to predict future trends
(T/F) Before Elvis signed a major record deal, major labels were NOT interested in rock and roll
True
(T/F) Both Buddy Holly and Chuck Berry wrote music that was intended for a pop audience with influences of country and western and rhythm and blues.
True
(T/F) Both independent and major record labels used payola
True
(T/F) Fats Domino, Chuck Berry, and Little Richard were all artists recorded on independent labels
True
(T/F) Most of rock's originators and many of the independent labels they worked for were out of the music business by 1960.
True
(T/F) To many teenagers, Alan Freed was the father of rock and roll
True
(T/F) White artists covering Little Richard's music left out much of the sexual innuendo in his lyrics
True
trademark of Buddy Holly
vocal hiccup
As a result of the payola scandal, Alan Freed
was run out of the music business