History of Sport Ch.12

London Prize Fighting Rules

1. Bare Knuckle 2. Round ends when a fighter falls to the ground 3. Everything was allowed (wrestling and gouging) except biting. 4. Fights end when a fighter gets incapacitated.

Tom Molineaux

America's first well-known boxer earned his freedom by fighting on the Southern Plantation Circuit

Luis Firpo

Fought against Dempsey

Max Schmeling

German boxer

Georges Carpentier

Jack Dempsey's opponent in the 1st "million dollar gate" in 1921

James Jeffries

white boxer called the "The Great White Hope"

National Police Gazette

A tabloid-type of newspaper created for typically men. It covered boxing in depth and listed world champions.

Howard Cosell

Announcer who was one of Ali's greatest defenders. He stood up for Ali when he refused military service when few others did. Both Cosell and Ali recognized the importance of the other in their respective careers.

Mike Tyson

Became the youngest heavyweight champion in 1986 at the age of 20. One of the most famous fights in history came in 1997 when he fought former champion Evander Holyfield and bit part of his ear off. Holyfield won the fight on points

Evander Holyfield

Boxing Champion

Tom Cribb

British world Champ at one point in boxing. Fought Tom Molineraux and won in 35 rounds, which produced controversy bc Tom (the black) should have won

Rocky Marciano

Defending his world heavyweight title six times, which boxer holds the undefeated record of 49-0.

John C. Heenan

Famous Irish boxer

Jack Johnson

First African American boxer to win the World Heavyweight title (1908), represented idea of the "New Negro" in early-1900s American culture.

John Morrissey

First major American boxing champion

Great White Hope

Goal of white boxers to take the title back from Johnson

James J. Braddock

Heavyweight world champion boxer during the Depression

Sugar Rays

Leonard: Namesake of Robinson who won the gold medal in the welterweight division in the 1976 Olympics. He became the welterweight champion in the world in 1979. Retired temporarily in 1991 due to an eye injury but came back one last time to fight in 1997 at the age of 40. Robinson: First superstar boxer who was not a heavyweight. He fought as a welter and middleweight and held and lost titles numerous times in the two decades following WW2. He is often referred to as the best fighter pound-for-pound in history.

Civil War and Boxing

Matches were staged during the war, sometimes between the lines. Some matches got out of hand and led to other things. The war didn't have a good effect on boxing. The reputation worsened and the Queensberry rules weren't being used.

John L Sullivan

Most famous athlete of the 19th century, who was a heavyweight boxer.

Joe Frazier

Muhammad Ali lost to this man in the "fight of the century" in 1971, but bounced back to beat him in the rematch in 1974, and again in the "Thrilla in Manila" in 1975

Joe Louis

One of the greatest boxers in history holding the Heavyweight title for 11 years; first African American to be a hero to all of America with his defeat of Max Schmeling in 1938 (U.S. v. Hitler

Richard Kyle Fox

Owner of NPG In 1877, father of modern tabloid

Marquess of Queensberry

Prominent title in boxing, helped form boxing as a sport

Tex Rickard

Promoted the Jefferies-Johnson fight. He had built and lost several fortunes as a professional gambler, saloon owner, gold prospector, and sports promoter. His bid of over 100,000 was by far the most ever offered in the history of prizefighting and it was accepted by both parties.

Harry Wills

The best challenger of the 1920s who never got a shot at the title because he was black

Old Q

The fourth Marquess of Queensberry who reportedly would wager on anything-- even his own death. He was more of a con-man than a gambler because of the situations being slanted in his favor

James J. Corbett

Took the title from Sullivan in 1892, it was the first fight to use the Queensberry rules, it was inside under lights, promoted by a fight club, and promoted by different magazines and newspapers. He was Irish but he went to college and was more white collar. He had trainers in athletic clubs and was more of a scientific boxer.

Long Count

Tunney's second match against Dempsey, he was knocked down, rose at 9 seconds, but spectators thought he was down for much longer and should've lost

Jack Dempsey

United States prizefighter who was world heavyweight champion (1895-1983)

Gene Tunney

United States prizefighter who won the world heavyweight championship by defeating Jack Dempsey twice (1898-1978)

Cassius Clay

United States prizefighter who won the world heavyweight championship three times (born in 1942); became know as Muhammad Ali when he converted to Nation of Islam

George Foreman

Which 1968 Olympic heavyweight champ won the World Heavyweight Championship in 1973 from Joe Frazier?

pugilism

boxing, fighting with the fists

Mann Act

made it illegal to transport women across state borders for "immoral purposes," violated by black boxer Jack Johnson (w/ white woman)