History Unit 3 #2 Quiz

War of 1812?

A tie!

Thomas Jefferson's Term

Election ("Revolution") of 1800 Marbury v. Madison Louisiana Purchase Lewis and Clark Expedition Impressments Chesapeake Affair

Missouri Compromise

Henry Clay's idea. The Missouri Compromise is important because it temporarily settled the dispute between slave states and non-slave states in the Union. When Missouri was to be admitted as a state in 1821, there was a large debate over whether or not Missouri would be a slave state or not. The Southerners wanted Missouri to be a slave state, because it would give the Southern States a larger advantage in Congress. The Northern States wanted Missouri to be a non-slave state because they feared that the South would gain an unprecedented amount of control in Congress. The Dispute was settled by the famous Missouri Compromise, which added Missouri as a slave state, and it also added Maine as a non-slave state. This way, the Congressional Representation would remain relatively equal between the North and South. North=non slave, south=slave 36 90 degree line.

Impressments

Impressments were the forced enlistments of American sailors done by the British. The British would seize American trading ships, and then force some of the men on board to join the British navy. Some 6,000 American sailors were impressed by the British Navy in total. The impressments ultimately led to The Chesapeake Incident in 1807, which could have sparked a war between the US and Great Britain. Impressments are important because they led to the Embargo and Non-Intercourse Acts, and because they were a contributing factor to the war of 1812.

Lewis and Clark Expedition

Lewis and Clark are important because of their famous expedition of the western areas gained by the United States from the Louisiana Purchase. The expedition began in 1804. Starting in St. Louis. Meriwether Lewis, John Clark, and their 29 colleagues, navigated against the current of the Missouri River for months on end, while mapping their route and interacting various Native American tribes like the teton, blackfeet and sioux along the way. Lewis and Clark managed to successfully navigate their way to the Pacific Ocean, after crossing the daunting Rocky Mountains when they could no longer travel along the Missouri River. Their journey took two years to complete, and they traveled thousands of miles over the course of the expedition. Lewis and Clark's expedition is significant because of how much was accomplished on the journey. Accurate maps of the West were drawn up by Lewis and Clark on their journey, and multiple new species of wildlife were discovered along the trip as well. Lewis was governor os Louisiana and was depressed and died. Clark was governor of Missouri and was famous.

Marbury v. Madison (cause and outcome)

Marbury v. Madison was a landmark supreme court case that occurred in 1803, and is significant because it established the Supreme Courts power of Judicial Review. Judicial Review is a power owned by the Supreme Court which allows the Supreme Court to decide whether or not a law is Constitutional or not. Outgoing Federalist president John Adams passed the Judiciary Act of 1801, which allowed him to add 16 new Federalist Judges to the Supreme Court. Thomas Jefferson repealed the law not long into his presidency. One of Adam's appointed 'midnight judges,' William Marbury, sued then Secretary of State, James Madison, because Marbury never received his commission for his new Federal Position. The Court ruled that Marbury was allowed to get his commission, but the Supreme Court could not force Madison to give Marbury his commission. In other words, Marbury was entitled to his commission, but the Supreme Court cannot force Madison to give Marbury his commission.

James Monroe's term

Monroe Doctrine, Adams Onis Treaty, Panic of 1812, Missouri Compromise

Adams-Onis Treaty

Slaves run away to florida. Seminole Indians attacking. Spain could not control the florida borders. Jackson destroyed all indian and spanish settlements. The treaty gave all of Florida to US. However, spain still had a chunk of the southern western part of Merica

Tecumseh and the Battle of Tippecanoe

Tecumseh is important because he was a very powerful and influential Shawnee Indian who tried to ally the different Native American tribes in an effort to stop the whites from settling on their rightful land. Tecumseh and his brother, The Prophet, did their best to unite the Native Americans and start a cultural revitalization. Tecumseh's dream was to start a Native American confederacy that would challenge the growing American presence in their territory. Recognizing a threat, American General William Henry Harrison launched an attack on Tecumseh's headquarters in Tippecanoe, Indiana. Although Harrison failed to kill Tecumseh, the battle is significant because it temporarily drove the threat Tecumseh and his Native American Confederacy away. Tecumseh was killed two years later at the Battle of Thames during the War of 1812 while assisting the British army.

Revolution of 1800

The "Revolution" of 1800 was a phrase coined by Thomas Jefferson, shortly after he won the presidential election of 1800. He dubbed the election a 'revolution' because the office of the presidency had switched political parties. Instead of having a Federalist President in control, a Democratic-Republican is now in charge.The "Revolution of 1800" is important because it was the first dramatic switch in power between two political parties, and it proved that power could be safely transitioned between the political parties.

Alien and Sedition Acts

The Alien and Sedition Acts were laws passed by Federalists during John Adams presidency. The Alien Act was aimed at poor foreign immigrants, who in most cases were supporters of Thomas Jefferson and the Democratic-Republicans. The act raised the residence requirement for foreigners who wanted to become naturalized citizens from 5 years to 14 years. The Sedition Act was a temporary law that directly contradicted the First Amendment in the Bill of Rights. The Sedition Act made it illegal to write any public criticisms of the government, the president, and other government officials. Punishments for violating the law were fines, and potential imprisonment. The Supreme Court refused to declare the Sedition Act unconstitutional because Federalists had a majority in the court. The Acts are significant because of their unconstitutionality, and because it led Thomas Jefferson and James Madison into writing the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions.

War of 1812, Battle of New Orleans, and Andrew Jackson

The Battle of New Orleans is important because it was the largest victory in the war of 1812 for America, even though it occurred a few weeks after the Treaty of Ghent was signed in Europe. The American Army, led by General Andrew Jackson, defender the key port city of New Orleans from an overwhelming amount of 8000 British soldiers. The attack was a horrible slaughter, and failure for the British Army, which lost some 2000 troops in the battle, whereas the Americans lost a mere seventy soldiers. The news of the glorious victory in New Orleans reached Washington before the news about the Treaty of Ghent did, which led to many people believing that the British made a hasty surrender after their humiliation in New Orleans. (Even though this is not the case.) War of 1812 US vs Britain, fought in upstate NY,

Chesapeake Affair

The Chesapeake Incident occurred in 1807, when the British attempted to overtake the US war ship, The Chesapeake, a mere 10 miles off the coast of Virginia. The captain of the British ship demanded that The Chesapeake hand over four alleged deserters of the royal navy who were hiding on the ship. The captain of The Chesapeake refused to hand his officers over to the British. Outraged, the British fired upon The Chesapeake, killing three sailors, and injuring 18. The British ship sailed away with it's four 'deserters,' while The Chesapeake limped home. The Chesapeake Incident is important because it could've launched the United States and Great Britain into war, and it also acted as a contributing factor to the War of 1812.

Embargo Act of 1807 (causes and effects)

The Embargo Act was a law passed by Congress in 1807 that prohibited all US traders from trading with other countries. The goal of the Embargo was to harm England and France's economies in response to their unjust seizures of American trading ships, and because of British impressments. It was also assumed that the lack of trade would boost the manufacturing business. On the contrary, The Embargo Act was met with a bitter domestic response, especially in New England. Illegal Trading rings were founded all across New England, and they smuggled goods out of the US via Canada. The Embargo Act was repealed in 1807, but not long after Congress passed the Non-Intercourse Act, which prohibited trade with France and England only. The US would not lift the Act until both France and England respected American trading rights. The Act's are important because they were a contributing factor to the War of 1812, and because of the economic downturn that began with the initiation of the Acts. The effect was the Non Intercourse act which prohibited trading only with France and Britian. It caused economic failure, industrial revolutions and contributed to the war of 1812.

Hartford Convention

The Hartford Convention is important because it acted as the ultimate death of the Federalist Party. During the midst's of the War of 1812, a "radical" Federalist Convention was held in Hartford, Connection, with Federalist delegates from all across New England coming to talk and debate over what they felt New England should do in response to the war. The Federalists felt as if New England had felt the worst results of the War of 1812. Trade was New England's largest source of income, and the war with England and Canada severely limited their trading opportunities, and thus it harmed their economy. The Hartford Convention addressed multiple issues, and at one point it was proposed that New England should secede from the Union. The Federalists did however send a list of grievances they had to Congress, and they demanded that their demands be met. The outlandish demands were ignored by Congress, and the Treaty of Ghent came not long after the Convention. The Hartford Convention only succeeded in humiliating the Federalist Party, and it's ultimate death came not long after the failed Convention.

Louisiana Purchase

The Louisiana Purchase was a giant deal negotiated between the United States and France during 1803. The Americans were interested in buying the key port city of New Orleans from the French for about 10 million dollars. At the time, the French were dealing with the harsh effects of the Haitian Revolution, a large scale revolt in their colony on Hispaniola. Also, the new French leader, Napoleon was eager to focus on his conquests in Europe. The bottom line was that the French were losing interest in a North American empire. So when the Americans offered their 10 million dollar for New Orleans, the French instead offered all of their land in the Louisiana Territory for a lump sum of 15 million. The Louisiana Purchase is significant because it doubled the size of America for a very fair price, and because it gave the United States a much larger sphere of influence over the western half on the continent. It also gave America control over New Orleans.

Panic of 1819

The Panic of 1819 was the first economic depression to take place in the United States. The recession began during the so called, "Era of Good Feelings." when there were no wars. The bank made bad loans=unemployment go up, land sales go down, BAD ECONOMY!

Quasi War

The Quasi-War with France is significant because of the impact it had on US-French relations, and because it is a highlight of John Adams presidency, who managed to keep the Quasi-War from evolving into a devastating, full-dress war. The Quasi-War with France was a small, undeclared, naval war between the United States and France between 1798 and 1800. Fighting mostly consisted of American privateers fighting and defending their merchant ships from the French navy. The war ended in 1800, when Napoleon Bonaparte came to power, and the Convention of 1800 restored relations between the US and France.

Treaty of Ghent

The Treaty of Ghent is important because it officially ended the War of 1812. In the treaty of Ghent, it made sure that all conquered lands were to be returned to their original owners. The British would return the lands they conquered back to America, and the Americans would return the very small amounts of land they took control of from Canada. The Treaty of Ghent also marked the last time that US and British troops would engage in combat against each

XYZ Affair

The XYZ affair was an incident that occurred during John Adams presidency, between the American and French foreign representatives. America had sent a number of delegates to France to discuss multiple issues with the French foreign minister, Talleyrand. However, the American envoy was met with three French delegates who referred to as X, Y, and Z . The delegates demanded a bribe of $250,000 for the privilege of talking with Talleyrand. America refused to pay the bribe, and tensions with France that began with Jay's Treaty soon morphed into the Quasi-War in 1798.

Jefferson Quote

The compromise is like a funeral bell, the death of America, the Union. Its only a temporary solution. He was predicting the civil war.

Monroe Doctrine

There was threat of Spain taking back baby countries in South America. Quincy write the Doctrine and Monroe got the credit. America took ownership of the western hemisphere to protect the baby countries. They allied with Britain. They want eastern hemi to stay out of their land or else the royal navy will get them. Nothing to do with trade.

James Madison's term

War Hawks Tecumseh and the Battle of Tippecanoe War of 1812, Battle of New Orleans, and Andrew Jackson Hartford Convention

War Hawks

War Hawks are significant because they approved the resolution that launched the US into war with Britain. When James Madison was elected President in 1809, Congress was mostly composed of young and fiery men, who had a very strong sense of nationalism. The strongest congressmen came from the Southern and Western areas. Many of these Congressmen were raised in households with Revolutionary War veterans. Eager to have a new war for their generation, they earned the name "War Hawks" due to their hatred of Britain, and their yearning for British lands in Canada. In 1812, the war hawks passed a declaration of war against Britain, initiating the War of 1812.

John Adam's Term

XYZ Affair Quasi-War with France Alien and Sedition Acts