History Unit 5.2
sovereignty
Supreme power or authority.
Charles V
other name for Charles I of Spain
Africa
Prince Henry initiated a program of exploration to find a route to the East Indies, by sailing around _____.
Council of the Indies
Spanish Latin America was governed by the king or the _____.
Cuauhtemoc
an Aztec king and warrior
Tenochtitlan
city of Mexico
Ferdinand Magellan
wanted to sail around the world
church and state
Charles V succeeded in uniting:
conquistador
A Spanish conqueror in North America or South America, especially in Mexico, or Peru under Cortes and Pizarro during the 1500s.
viceroyalty
A Spanish province in Latin America administered by a person appointed by the crown or the Council of the Indies.
friars
A member of certain religious orders of the Roman Catholic Church.
Iberian Peninsula
A peninsula in southwestern Europe consisting of the countries of Spain and Portugal.
mulatto
A person having one white and one Negro parent; being of white and Negro blood.
mestizo
A person of Spanish and American Indian descent.
encomienda
A policy whereby a certain number of Indian slaves were granted to landowners by the king.
1588
A storm, a strong current, and swift vessels helped the British defeat the Armada in:
Moors
An ethnic group of mixed Berber and Arab stock living in northwestern Africa.
Vasco da Gama
By circumnavigating Africa, __________ Gama became the first European to reach the East Indies by sea.
papal line of Demarcation
In 1480, to divide the new lands between Spain and Portugal, the pope drew the first:
Cape of Storms
In 1487 Bartholomew Dias discovered the tip of Africa, which he called the:
Brazil
Portugal's only colony in the New World was:
thirty years war
One of the reasons for the ____________was that Catholics were converting to Lutheranism and taking their lands with them.
lacked resources, population, and size
Portugal had difficulty colonizing because they:
contact Japan and China
Portugal was the first European nation to:
trading
Portugal's main source of economic support came through the business of _____.
iconoclasm
The attacking of cherished beliefs or traditional institutions, whether based on error or superstition.
Catholic
The church was responsible for presenting the gospel to the Indians
peonage
The condition or service of a person doing work that requires little skill (the practice of holding persons to work off debts).
mercantilism
The economic policy which included the idea that all colonies existed for the benefit of the mother country was:
circumnavigate
To sail around.
opulence
Wealth; riches.
much of their territory had been taken over by European powers, Napoleon forced people to flee from Portugal, Spain conquered Portugal, and Portugal did not have enough money or people to compete with other European nations
What are the four reasons for Portugal's decline as a world power?
Sumatra, China, Java, Africa, Japan, the New World
What countries or areas did Portugal contact, colonize, or establish posts in?
peninsular
What was the upper class of Latin America known as?
encomienda, peonage
When the was abandoned because of a declining Indian population, a system of was formed.
Hernando Cortes
conquered the Aztecs
Francisco Pizarro
conquered the Incas
Christopher Columbus
discovered the new world
Atahualpa
the Incan emperor
Quetzalcoatl
the great blond god of the Aztecs
Andes Mountains
the home of the Incas
Counter Reformation
the reconversion of people back to Catholicism
