Hlth 231- chapter 3

A sense of being overwhelmed by perceived obligations to stay connected online is a. technostress. b. wikistress. c. media stress. d. cyberstress

a

Cortisol is secreted by the a. adrenal glands. b. thymus. c. pituitary gland. d. thyroid gland.

a

An ongoing state of physiological arousal in response to stressors is known as a. acute episodic stress. b. acute stress. c. chronic stress. d. traumatic stress.

c

Catrina just missed hitting a deer as she was driving along a dark, curving road. She felt her racing heart finally slow down after she pulled off the road and took a few deep breaths. This is an example of a(n) a. state of overload. b. challenge. c. adaptive response. d. fight-or-flight response.

c

The immune system's ability to respond to assaults is known as a. immunity. b. defense. c. immunocompetence. d. adaptation

c

Which of the following is TRUE about stress? a. Stress is only produced by externally imposed factors and is always negative. b. Stress does not affect a person's general health. c. Stress is a mental and physical response to real or perceived changes and challenges. d. It is possible to eliminate all stressors in our lives if we try hard enough.

c

Makoto has a disability affecting his movement. Throughout high school, he has been rejected, teased, and bullied. Makoto has been experiencing a. transactional stress. b. adaptive stress. c. homeostasis. d. minority stress

d

Nathan's piano teacher is insisting that he practice more, while at the same time he is overloaded with assignments in his academic classes, worried about how he's going to make the final payments on this semester's tuition bill, and having trouble sleeping. Nathan is at high risk for a. posttraumatic stress disorder b. dementia c. episodic acute stress d. burnout

d

The part of the brain involved in controlling the body's overall reaction to stress is the a. cerebral cortex. b. frontal lobe. c. pituitary gland. d. hypothalamus.

d

After Julia discovers a suggestive e-mail her boyfriend sent to another woman, she considers how to confront him about it. Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome applies to this situation? a. resistance b. alarm c. exhaustion d. denial

a

All of the following are likely to influence your response to stressors EXCEPT a. your friend's level of stress. b. your past experiences. c. your general health status. d. your age

a

As part of the stress response, the hormone that makes stored nutrients available for energy is a. cortisol. b. epinephrine. c. testosterone. d. thyroxine

a

Peter recently ended a relationship when he found out his partner was cheating on him. This probably caused a. distress. b. traumatic stress. c. episodic stress. d. eustress.

a

Research has shown that laughter results in all of the following EXCEPT a. increased risk of heart disease. b. increased levels of oxygen in the blood. c. decreased stress levels. d. pain reduction.

a

Brian is considered a Type A personality by his friends because of his history of "road rage" and extreme competitiveness. All the following put him at increased risk for cardiovascular disease EXCEPT a. his actions that often harm others verbally or physically. b. his upbeat, glass-half-full approach to life. c. his negative beliefs and hostile attitudes toward others. d. bouts of anger ranging from irritation to rage.

b

Relationships can cause stress in all the following ways EXCEPT a. competition and conflicts with work colleagues. b. aspiring to be the best one can be. c. excitement and eustress in the early stages of a new relationship. d. jobs with high expectations and low control.

b

Which of the following statements about the graduating class of 2016 is true? a. The graduates' average debt was about $17,000. b. More than 70 percent of these students graduated with significant debt. c. Nearly two-thirds reported that they were moving back in with their parents to save money. d. Experts estimate that about 5 percent of these graduates will default on their student loans.

b

Emily is experiencing an allostatic load due to a dysfunctional relationship, credit card debt, and a challenging course load. Which of the following defines the term allostatic load? a. the increased magnitude of a stressor required to cause a response b. the magnitude of the body's response to a stressor c. the long-term wear and tear on the body caused by the stress response d. the ability of the immune system to respond to assaults

c

Julia is extremely upset to discover a suggestive e-mail her boyfriend has sent to another woman. Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome applies to this situation? a. resistance b. exhaustion c. denial d. alarm

d

Which of the following situations might contribute to impaired immune function? a. Your grandmother moves in with your family after being hospitalized due to a stroke. b. You have a fairly calm demeanor and life rarely "stresses you out." c. You keep changing the diet, vitamin, and exercise regimen you follow to see faster results. d. You purchase a new car when you get your first job offer

a

All of the following are techniques used in the Chinese art of feng shui EXCEPT a. coordinating the colors of your walls and your bed linens. b. using sheer curtains that let in as much light as possible. c. positioning your bed so that it is not aligned with the door. d. picking up clutter daily.

b

Chronic stress may cause structural degeneration and impaired function of the brain, increasing the risk for all of the following EXCEPT a. dementia b. meningitis c. depression d. Alzheimer's disease

b

Luci has worked as a customer service representative for two years. She believes that this job has improved her ability to cope with a variety of stressful situations and is confident in her ability to do so. Luci is exhibiting which of the following personality traits? a. low self-esteem b. self-efficacy c. Type A d. Type B

b

Meditation has been proven effective in managing stress. Which of the following is NOT true about meditation? a. Meditation involves some method of calming and focusing the mind. b. There is only one meditation style that is considered effective. c. Meditation allows the body to relax while the mind is focused. d. It usually takes some effort and patience to learn to meditate.

b

Among the following, the group most likely to struggle with stress are a. young adult males. b. older adult females. c. young adult females. d. older adult males

c

Chronic stress has a strong connection to all of the following medical conditions EXCEPT a. migraines. b. diabetes. c. hearing loss. d. heart disease.

c

Downshifting refers to the process of a. using meditation to combat the stress response. b. allowing passivity to take over as a result of stress. c. taking steps to simplify one's life. d. deliberately completing tasks at a slower pace

c

Hearing a piercing scream late at night while walking on a campus path would likely trigger which phase of the general adaptation syndrome? a. recovery b. exhaustion c. alarm d. resistance

c

Jade's heart races and she cannot think of anything to say when the cute guy in class sits next to her. This is an example of a. homeostasis. b. the overreactive response. c. the stress response. d. hyperventilation

c

Mariah is behind on her coursework because of training for the upcoming tryouts for the swim team. On top of that, she broke up with her boyfriend last week. Monica, her twin sister, does not participate on a sports team and has plenty of time to get her homework done before her boyfriend visits most evenings. Compared to Monica, Mariah is likely to experience a. fewer incidences of cold-related symptoms. b. less joint pain. c. more upper respiratory illness. d. better sleep

c

Of the following choices, the source of stress experienced by the greatest percentage of American adults is a. personal health concerns. b. family responsibilities. c. money. d. relationships

c

Stress management consists of a. firmly controlling reactions to stress. b. learning to juggle as many tasks as possible. c. finding balance and developing coping strategies. d. eliminating all sources of stress.

c

To replenish vital energy stores, which of the following would be particularly helpful? a. a regimen of "energy-boosting" supplements b. broadening one's social support system c. getting more sleep and "down time" d. increasing alcohol intake to promote relaxation

c

Which of the following forms of stress management also improves strength and flexibility? a. deep breathing b. visualization c. yoga d. biofeedback

c

Which of the following is a useful strategy to prevent explosive anger? a. Pound on something soft, like a pillow. b. Have a couple of beers and watch TV to take your mind off the issue. c. Develop realistic expectations of yourself and others. d. Avoid all situations that provoke anger

c

After weeks of arguments, Riley and Schaeffer break up. They both spend most of the following weekend sleeping, eating, and watching TV. Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome are they now in? a. denial b. resistance c. alarm d. exhaustion

d

Eleanor comes from a low-income family and struggles to pay for her tuition, room, board, and school supplies. The other students in her major all seem to have no trouble purchasing everything they need, as well as new clothes, meals off campus, concert tickets, and the latest technology. Lately, Eleanor has been struggling with feelings of inferiority, low self-esteem, and doubt that may be due in part to a. discrimination. b. background distressors. c. hassles. d. relative deprivation.

d

Exercise reduces stress primarily by a. expanding aerobic capacity. b. providing a therapeutic way to reduce or eliminate pain. c. suppressing endocrine function. d. increasing endorphins and reducing levels of stress hormones.

d

One reason the validity of the Type A personality theory has been debated is that a. the early research had serious methodological flaws. b. most people have either Type A or Type B personalities. c. far more people have been found to have Type C or D personality rather than Type A or B. d. not all Type A people experience negative health consequences.

d

Rudy lives behind a train depot. The train runs from 5AM until midnight, and causes significant noise and pollution. Rudy gets quite a few upper respiratory infections, which are likely due to a. technostress. b. a major immune disorder. c. low-quality housing. d. background distressors.

d

Tessa is dreading her chemistry final. When she finds herself thinking that she's going to fail the exam, she tells herself, "No, I might not ace it, but I've been studying and I'm definitely going to pass." Tessa is engaging in a process referred to as a. meditation. b. stress inoculation. c. affirmations. d. cognitive restructuring

d

To manage stress, the first step is to a. determine which stressors can be reduced or eliminated. b. control your emotional responses. c. choose to ignore the stressors in your life. d. identify and assess the stressors in your life

d

When acute stress bombards your brain with stress chemicals, a. you are likely to experience euphoria. b. your ability to make sound decisions is enhanced. c. you are more likely to be able to concentrate in class. d. your memory may be impaired.

d

Which of the following BEST describes a Type C personality? a. relaxed b. hostile c. distressed d. stoic

d

Which of the following is a key time management strategy that can reduce stress? a. Only clean up clutter when you have enough time to get to all of it. b. Stack your mail in one place and go through it once a week. c. Multitask. d. Set clear implementation intentions toward a specific end.

d

You have been a successful doctor of internal medicine for many years. You recently gave up your large practice in the city to join the staff of a small-town clinic where you will work four days a week. Which method are you using to manage stress? a. biofeedback b. meditation c. stress inoculation d. downshifting

d

David woke up in the middle of the night because he smelled smoke. This most likely caused him to experience a. the flight-or-fight response. b. insomnia. c. the resistance response. d. the adaptation syndrome

a

Eating healthy foods helps in managing stress a. although the precise reasons are not fully understood. b. especially if they contain sympathomimetics. c. because food is comforting and eating can distract one from problems. d. because they are easier on the digestive system than junk foods

a

Jake is an excellent student and seems pretty resilient. He is passionate about becoming a pediatrician someday, and perseveres despite a high stress level due to his heavy course load and tight finances. Which of the following traits does Jake demonstrate? a. grit b. the typical Type A personality c. shifting d. the typical Type B personality

a

Jeff knows the midterm chemistry exam is going to be tough. He is trying to prepare for it by taking a practice test every night before he goes out with his buddies. Jeff is a. using the technique of stress inoculation. b. using alcohol as a coping mechanism to relax. c. restructuring his thinking patterns. d. increasing his level of stress before the test

a

Suicidal ideation is significantly associated with a. high stress and low self-esteem. b. a Type D personality. c. hostility. d. broken heart syndrome.

a

The body's attempt to restore homeostasis in the aftermath of a stress response is a(n)________________ response. a. adaptive b. fight-or-flight c. biological d. sympathetic

a

The gland that secretes ACTH is the a. pituitary. b. thymus. c. thyroid. d. adrenal

a

The physiological state in which all body systems are in balance and functioning normally is a. homeostasis. b. recovery. c. adaptation. d. eustress.

a

The stress hormone cortisol plays a major role during the stress response in a. mobilizing nutrients to meet energy needs. b. decreasing appetite and thirst. c. increasing heart and respiratory rates. d. relieving pain.

a

Which of the following forms of stress management originated as a form of self-defense? a. tai chi b. qigong c. yoga d. Taekwondo

a

Which of the following has been recommended as a method for managing stress? a. keeping a journal to track your stressors, worries, and options b. using mind-altering drugs to induce a sense of peace c. practicing dichotomous thinking d. engaging in demanding or competitive physical activity

a

Which of the following is most likely to cause eustress instead of distress? a. an impending promotion b. losing your job c. the death of a grandparent d. failing a test

a

Which of the following statements regarding stress and hair loss is NOT true? a. Stress-induced hair loss occurs when colonies of hair are pushed into an active phase. b. The most common type of stress-induced hair loss is telogen effluvium. c. Stress-related hair loss can occur in both men and women. d. Stress may cause hair to fall out in clumps.

a

Melanie grew up in extreme poverty, but won a full scholarship to a top liberal arts college. There, her sociology professor, who also comes from a poor family, has been helping Melanie to take a proactive approach to her current stressors and to focus on the future. These strategies are best classified as a. hardiness and grit. b. shifting and persisting. c. coping and hoping. d. self-advocacy and self-efficacy.

b

Stress caused by not being able to accomplish all tasks and obligations in the time available is known as a. pressure. b. overload. c. acute stress. d. chronic stress.

b

Stress has been associated with increased blood pressure and inflammatory responses. These are most closely associated with an increased risk for a. blood cancers such as leukemia. b. cardiovascular disease. c. insomnia. d. mood disorders.

b

The feeling that you are overextended and that it's not possible for you to meet all the demands being placed up on you is known as a. homeostasis. b. overload. c. frustration. d. pressure.

b

The primary hormone responsible for physiological stress responses such as increased heart and breathing rates is a. cortisol. b. epinephrine. c. insulin. d. thyroxin.

b

The strategy of reframing appraisals of stressors more positively and working toward future goals is known as a. psychological resilience. b. shift and persist. c. downshifting. d. stress inoculation

b

The sum of exposure to stressors, including complex traumas, is known as a. allostatic load. b. cumulative adversity. c. overload. d. chronic stress

b

You really want to buy an expensive software program to help you with coursework, but your credit cards are maxed out and the rent is due next week. Which type of stressor is this? a. academic b. money c. hassle d. work

b

Your roommate just ate the last of your trail mix without asking. Which type of stressor is this? a. conflict b. hassle c. change d. pressure

b