Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions CH2 (3 Points)

Short-Term Orientation (Long-Term Orientation vs. Short-Term Orientation)

-(0) -People prefer to maintain time-honoured traditions and norms while viewing societal change with suspicion. - Next Quarter, Next Month, Next Year

Strong Uncertainty Avoidance

-Countries exhibiting strong "Uncertainty Avoidance" maintain rigid codes of belief and behavior and are intolerant of unorthodox behavior and ideas.

Long-Term Orientation vs. Short-Term Orientation

-Every society has to maintain some links with its own past while dealing with the challenges of the present and the future. Societies prioritize these two existential goals differently.

Indulgent

-Indulgence stands for a society that allows relatively free gratification of basic and natural human drives related to enjoying life and having fun.

Long-Term Orientation (Long-Term Orientation vs. Short-Term Orientation)

-Most Common (100) -more pragmatic approach: they encourage thrift and efforts in modern education as a way to prepare for the future.

Small Power Distance

-People strive to equalize the distribution of power and demand justification for inequalities of power.

Restrained

-Restraint stands for a society that suppresses gratification of needs and regulates it by means of strict social norms.

Masculinity (100) (Masculinity vs. Femininity)

-TOUGH -Distinct gender roles that align with traditional Male/Female roles

Femininity (0) (Masculinity vs. Femininity)

-Tender -No Distinct gender rolls -Each person can preform any or all roles

Uncertainty Avoidance - strong (100) vs. weak (0)

-The fundamental issue here is how a society deals with the fact that the future can never be known: should we try to control the future or just let it happen?

Weak Uncertainty Avoidance

-Weak UAI societies maintain a more relaxed attitude in which practice counts more than principles.

Large Power Distance

- People accept a hierarchical order in which everybody has a place and which needs no further justification.

Indulgent (100) vs. Restrained (0)

- Reveal Yourself

Masculinity vs. Femininity

1) Distinct Gender Roles (Tough Vs. Weak)

Power Distance - large (100) vs. small (0)

1) Leaders Vs. Followers 2) Smaller- Sees everyone the same

What country has the "Lowest" score for Strong Uncertainty Avoidance?

China (30)

What country has the "Lowest" score for Long-term Orientation?

Argentina (20) -Short-Term Orientation

Individualism

Individualism, can be defined as a preference for a loosely-knit social framework in which individuals are expected to take care of only themselves and their immediate families.

What country has the "Lowest" score for Individualism?

Indonesia (14) -collectivism

What country has the highest score for Masculinity?

Japan (95)

Individualism (100) vs. Collectivism (0)

Level of Success

What country has the highest score for Indulgence?

Mexico (97)

What country is the has the "Lowest" score for Indulgence?

Russia (20) -Restrained

What country has the "Lowest" score for Masculinity?

Russia (36) -Femininity

What country has the highest score for Strong Uncertainty Avoidance?

Russia (95)

What country has the highest score for Large Power Distance?

Saudi Arabia (95)

What country has the highest score for Long-term Orientation?

South Korea (100)

What country has the "Lowest" score for Large Power Distance? (NOT HIGHLIGHTED)

United States (40)

What country has the highest score for Individualism?

United States (91)

Collectivism

collectivism, represents a preference for a tightly-knit framework in society in which individuals can expect their relatives or members of a particular in-group to look after them in exchange for unquestioning loyalty.