Hondros Med Surg III Chapter 44

A patient is in the outpatient recovery area after having a colonoscopy and informs the nurse of abdominal cramping what is the best response by the nurse?

" The crmaping is caused by the air insufflated in the colon during the procedure."

The stomach, which derives its acidity from hydrochloric acid, has a pH of approximately

1.0

How long does it take for food to reach and distend the rectum?

12 hours

How many hours after eating food does it take for it to pass into the terminal ileum?

4 hours

Facilitates the production of dextrins and maltose.

Amylase

A patient is being prepared for esophageal manometry. The nurse should inform the patient to withhold what medication for 48 hours prior to the procedure?

Aspirin

Intrinsic factor a gastric secretion necessary for the intestinal absorption of

B12, which prevents pernicious anemia

During a colonoscopy with moderate sedation, the patient groans with obvious discomfort and begins bleeding from the rectum. The patient is diaphoretic and has an increase in abdominal girth from distention. What complication of this procedure is the nurse aware may be occurring?

Bowel perforation

A patient is scheduled for a fiberoptic colonoscopy. What does the nurse know that fiberoptic colonoscopy is most frequently used to diagnose?

Cancer screening

The stomach has four anatomic regions

Cardia, Fundus, Body, Pylorus.

Reflux of food into the esophagus from the stomach is prevented by contraction of the

Cardiac Sphincter

Structural changes in the esophagus that occur as the result of aging include:

Decreased motility and emptying, weakened gag reflex, decreased resting pressure of the lower sphincter.

The patient is complaining of abdominal pain associated with indigestion. What is characteristic of this type of pain?

Described as crampy or burning

The nurse is performing an assessment of a patient. During the assessment the patient informs the nurse of some recent " stomach trouble". What does the nurse know is the most common symptom of patients with GI dysfunction?

Dyspepsia

The nurse is investigating a patient's complaint of pain in the duodenal area. Where should the nurse perform the assessment?

Epigastric areas and consider possible radiation of pain to the right sub-scapular region.

The major carbohydrate that tissue use for fuel is

Glucose

The nurse auscultates the abdomen to assess bowel sound. She documents five to six sounds heard in less than 30 seconds. How does the nurse document the bowel sounds?

Hyperactive

The nurse is performing an abdominal assessment for a patient in the hospital with complaints of abdominal pain. What part of the assessment should the nurse perform first?

Inspection

Helps form galactose.

Lactase

Glucose is a product of this enzyme's action.

Maltase

Chyme, partially digested food that is mixed with gastric contents, stimulates segmented contractions

Mixed waves that move the intestinal contents back and forth in a churning motion and intestinal peristalsis, which is a movement that propels the contents of the small intestine toward the colon.

The nurse is performing an initial assessment of a patient complaining of increased stomach acid related to stress. The nurse knows that the dr will want to consider the influence of what neuroregulator.

Norepinephrine

the nurse is assisting the physician with a gastric acid stimulation test for a patient. What medication should the nurse prepare to administer subcutaneously to stimulate gastric secretions?

Pentagastrin

Digests protein and helps form polypeptides

Pepsin

The digestion of starches begins in the mouth with the secretion of the enzyme

Ptyalin

A hormonal regulatory substance the inhibits stomach contraction and gastric secretions is

Secretin

Digests carbohydrates and helps form fructose.

Sucrase

The nurse has been directed to position a patient for an examination of the abdomen. What position should the nurse place the patient in for the examination?

Supine position with the knees flexed to relax the abdominal muscles.

The nurse is collecting a stool specimen from a patient. What characteristic of the stool indicates to the nurse that the patient may have an upper GI bleed?

Tarry and black.

The nurse is providing instructions to a patient scheduled for a gastroscopy. What should the nurse be sure to include in the instructions?

The patient must fast for 8 hrs before the examination. the throat will be sprayed with a local anesthetic. After gastroscopy, the patient cannot eat or drink until the gag reflex returns ( 1 to 2 hours)

The nurse is assisting the physician with a colonoscopy for a patient with rectal bleeding. The physician requests the nurse to administer glucagon during the procedure. Why is the nurse administering the medication during the procedure?

To relax colonic musculature and reduce spasm.

Helps convert protein into amino acids

Trypsin

Three pancreatic secretions that contain digestive enzymes:

Trypsin, Amylase, and Lipase.

Bile

Which is secreted by the gallbladder is responsible for fat emulsification.