Honors Physical Science Exam Review
A loaf of bread weighs 1,362 g. the weight in kilograms is
1.362 kg
How may minutes are in a week?
10,080 min
Using a metric ruler with 1 mm divisions, the sides of a rectangular piece of plywood were measured as 3.54 cm and 4.85 cm, which corresponds to an area of 17.1690 cm squared. Which of these shows the area expressed correctly?
17.2 cm squared
(5.2 x 10 to the sixth) x (5.0 x 10 to the third)
2.6 x 10 to the tenth
The number of significant figures in the measured value 0.0320 g is
3
You are asked to find the area of a room that is 4.56m long and 5.668m wide. How many significant figures should you show in your answer?
3
The speed of light is approximately 3 x 10 to the eighth m/s. How would this be written in conventional notation?
300,000,000 m/s
The number 4.065 has _________ significant figures.
4
0.0000043 g in scientific notation
4.3 x 10 to the negative sixth grams
In scientific notation, the number 46,500,000 is __________.
4.65 x 10 to the seventh power
The number 50.775 has ________ significant figures.
5
The number 56,780,000,000 would be written in scientific notation as ___________ x __________.
5.678 x 10 to the power of 10
5,800,000,000 cm in scientific notation
5.8 x 10 to the ninth cm
What is 78,900,000,000 expressed in scientific notation?
7.89 x 10 to the tenth
The number .0009234 would be written in scientific notation as ____________ x _______.
9.234 x 10 to the negative fourth
If 1 inch equals 2.54 cm, how many cm equal 1 yard?
91.4 cm
Bi
bismuth
Which SI prefix means one one-hundredth (1/100)
centi-
A __________ property describes how a substance acts when it reacts with other substances.
chemical
A change in color during a reaction is offer a sign that a(n) _________ change has occurred.
chemical
An apple turning brown after being cut is an example of a _________ change.
chemical
Matter that had neither a definite volume nor a definite shape is in the ________state.
gas
The particles are in constant motion and rarely stick together in a _________.
gas
The __________ theory of matter states that matter is made of particles whose speed is dependent on their temperature and size.
kinetic
The symbols for units of length in order from largest to smallest are...
km,m,cm,mm
Pb
lead
Ice floats in water because it is _____________ than water.
less dense
A sample of matter can be poured from container to container. It takes the shape of its container but only takes up a certain volume. Based on this information, the sample is in the _________ state.
liquid
The decimal equivalent of 10 to the negative second is
0.01
Maria is 123 cm tall. Her height in meters is?
1.23 m
How many significant figures are in 7.357?
four
Which is these metric units is used to measure mass?
g
Wood floats on water because _________________.
it's less dense
The SI unit for measuring temperature is the
kelvin
The chemical symbol O stands for the element________.
oxygen
P
phosphorus
Grinding quartz crystals down to produce sand causes a(n) _______________ change.
physical
The melting of butter is a _______ change because it does not produce any new substances.
physical
Wheat ground into flour is an example of a(n) _________ change.
physical
When examining a mineral, hardness and color are two of the properties used for identification. Hardness and color are examples of __________ properties.
physical
Bohr's model of the atom compares electrons with _______.
planets
The most common state of matter in the universe is ____.
plasma
The particles have broken down and become ionized in ________.
plasma
A chemist obtained the values 5.2246 g, 5.2353 g, and 5.2501 g for the mass of a sample. Without knowing the true mass of the sample, it can be said that these values have
poor precision
The nucleus of an atom has a __________ electric charge.
positive
A_________ measurement is one that is as exact as possible.
precise
Although a measurement of 6.13457902 cm is very _______, it may not be accurate.
precise
These values recorded as the mass of products when a chemical reaction was carried out three separate times: 8.83 g ; 8.84 g; 8.82g. The mass of products from that reaction is 8.60g. The values are...
precise, but not accurate
Al
Aluminum
The study of matter and changes that occur in matter best describes the science of _________.
Chemistry
Chlorine
Cl
The chemical formula for a chlorine molecule, which contains two chlorine (Cl) atoms, is __________.
Cl two at bottom
The first person who suggested that matter was made up of atoms was the Greek philosopher __________.
Democritus
The first person who suggested that matter was made up of atoms was the Greek philosopher ___________.
Democritus
The first theory of atoms, proposed by _________, suggested that the universe was made of units that could not be divided.
Democritus
Helium
He
Iodine
I
A physical change differs from a chemical change in that __________ are formed.
New substances
Neon
Ne
Chemistry and physics are the two branches of ____________ science.
Physical
Tin
Sn
What does "extensive" mean?
a property that depends upon the amount of matter in the sample EXAMPLES: mass, volume, weight
What does "intensive" mean?
a property that does not depend on the amount of matter in the sample EXAMPLES: color, hardness, combustibility
The extent to which a measurement approaches the true value is referred to as _________.
accurate
Iron and sulfur, when heated, form an iron sulfide that has different properties from either iron or sulfur. The formation of iron sulfide is an example of a _________ change.
chemical
We inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide as a result of a ________ change in our bodies.
chemical
A chemical change is a change in the ___________ of a substance.
composition
A substance that is made of atoms of more than one type chemically bound together is called a _______.
compound
For any pure substance, the boiling point and melting point with always remain _______.
constant
The word atom comes from a Greek word that means "unable to be _____________."
cut/divided
The _________ of a substance is defined as its mass divided by its volume.
density
According to modern atomic theory, the exact location of ________ are uncertain.
electrons
The number of energy levels that are filled in atoms is determined by the number of ________.
electrons
Thomson's cathode-ray tube experiment supported the theory that _________ exist inside an atom.
electrons
Thomson's study of cathode rays revealed that atoms negatively charged particles called ____.
electrons
John Dalton's atomic theory states that atoms of the same ________ are exactly alike.
element
ALuminum, oxygen, and carbon are each _________.
elements
Every chemical compound is unique and different from the ______ it contains.
elements
The two types of matter that are pure substances are ______________ and ___________.
elements and compounds
In the SI system, the prefix ________means one billion
giga
A mixture of flour and water is called a(n) _____________ mixture because the substances do not dissolve.
heterogeneous
Gravel is an example of a(n) ____________ mixture.
heterogeneous
An alloy such as a gold ring is an example of a(n) __________ mixture.
homogeneous
H
hydrogen
A possible answer to a scientific problem is a(n) ___________.
hypothesis
Each molecule of iron oxide (Fe2O3) contains ________ iron atom(s).
iron oxide (Disclaimer: I'm sorry it doesn't make sense. Mrs. Gladieux was rattling them off and I'm not good with computer skills to actually make the 2 and 3 become those little exponents at the bottom)
An element's average atomic mass refers to the weighted average of the masses of all of its naturally occurring ________.
isotopes
The particle of a substance in the __________ are able to slide past each other.
liquid
The particles can slide past each other in a ___________, but are still packed together.
liquid
Mg
magnesium
The law of conservation of mass states that ______________.
mass cannot be created nor destroyed
The SI base unit for length is the
meter
Which SI prefix means one million?
milli-
In the SI system, the prefix _______ means one millionth.
mirco
The components of a _________ can be separated because they are not chemically combined.
mixture
When two or more pure substances are blended together, the result is a(n) ___________.
mixture
The kinetic theory states that the particles in matter are always in __________.
motion
The most abundant gas in the atmosphere is _________.
nitrogen
Neutrons and protons are found in the ____ of an atom.
nucleus
A molecule is the smallest unit of a substance that retains the ________ of that substance.
properties
Most atoms have equal numbers of ____ and _____.
protons and electrons
A ____________ description of a scientific law would use a mathematical equation.
quantitative
A liquid has a definite volume, but no definite _________.
shape
The only state of matter with definite shape and form is ________.
solid
The particles are in a rigid, fixed structure in ______________.
solids
Ice cubes left in the freezer for several months will become smaller because of _________.
sublimation
The kinetic theory states that, at the same _______, heavier particles move more slowly than lighter particles.
temperature
How many significant figures are in 70,200?
three
One molecule of hydrochloric acid (HCI) contains _______ atoms.
two
Any factor in an experiment that can change is referred to as a(n) _______________.
variable
The unit m cubed measures
volume
Which is these is a measure of Earth's gravitational pull on matter?
weight