Honors U.S. and V.A. History Leib Midterm- Ch. 1 Test Answers

The size and sophistication of Native American civilizations in Mexico and South America can be attributed to... a. Spanish influences b. their way of life based on hunting and gathering c. the development of agriculture d. influences brought by early settlers from Siberia e. their use of draft animals and the wheel

c. the development of agriculture

Native American (Indian) civilization was least highly developed in... a. North America b. Mexico c. Central America d. Peru e. Latin America

a. North America

The Aztec chief Montezuma allowed Cortes to enter the capital of Tenochtitlan because... a. Cortes's army was so powerful b. Montezuma believed that Cortes was the god Quetzacoatl c. there was little in the city of interest to the Spanish d. he was told to do so by the gods e. the Treaty of Tordesillas gave the capital to the Spanish government

b. Montezuma believed that Cortes was the god Quetzacoatl

In which of the following is the explorer mismatched with the area he explored? a. Coronado- New Mexico and Arizona b. Ponce de Leon- Mississippi River Valley c. Cortes- Mexico d. Pizzaro- Peru e. Columbus- Carribean islands

b. Ponce de Leon- Mississippi River Valley

Which of these statements does not describe mestizos? a. They were the offspring of Spanish conquistadors who married Indian women b. They were the pagan slaves of Cortes' soldiers c. They formed a cultural and biological bridge between Latin America's European and Indian peoples d. They were considered a "new race" e. All of these

b. They were the pagan slaves of Cortes' soldiers

Europeans wanted to discover a new, shorter route to eastern Asia in order to... a. break the hold that Muslim merchants had on trade with Asia b. reduce the price of goods from Asia c. gain more profits for themselves d. reduce the time it took to transport goods e. all of these

e. all of these

Men became conquistadors because they wanted to... a. gain God's favor by spreading Christianity b. escape dubious pasts c. seek adventure, as the heroes of classical antiquity had done d. satisfy their desire for gold e. all of these

e. all of these

The stage was set for a cataclysmic shift in the course of history when... a. Europeans increasingly demanded less expensive goods from Asia b. Africa was established as a source of slave labor c. the Portuguese demonstrated the feasibility of long-range ocean navigation d. the Renaissance nurtured a spirit of optimism and adventure e. all of these

e. all of these

Which of the following New World Plants revolutionized the international economy? a. Maize b. Potatoes c. Beans d. Tomatoes e. all of these

e. all of these

In the last half of the fifteenth century, some forty thousand Africans were forced into slavery by Portugal and Spain to... a. work on plantations in Africa b. establish plantations in North America c. establish plantations in South America d. help pay for the gold they took e. work on plantations on the Atlantic sugar islands

e. work on plantations on the Atlantic sugar islands

*Not sure if we need to know map for Chapter 1*

*Not sure if we need to know map for Chapter 1*

All of the following set into motion the chain of events that led to a drive of Europeans toward Asia, the penetration of Africa, and the discovery of the New World except... a. economic hardships and overpopulation at home b. growing power of ambitious governments behind them c. they sought contact with a wider world d. they sought territories to conquer e. they sought new places to trade with

a. economic hardships and overpopulation at home

Some of the more advanced Native American cultures did all of the following except... a. engage in significant ocean voyages of discovery b. establish large, elaborate bustling cities c. make strikingly accurate astronomical observations d. study mathematics e. carry on commerce

a. engage in significant ocean voyages of discovery

The Great Ice Age accounted for the origins of North America's human history because... a. it exposed a land bridge connecting Eurasia with North America b. the glacial withdrawal allowed migration from South America c. the glacial withdrawal formed freshwater lakes that supported life d. when it ended, European migration to the west became possible e. it prevented the migration of dangerous animals from the Bering Isthmus

a. it exposed a land bridge connecting Eurasia with North America

The Iroquois Confederacy was able to menace its Native American and European neighbors because of... a. its military alliances, sustained by political and organizational skills b. the Iroquois warriors' skill with Europeans' muskets c. the scattered nature of the Iroquois settlements, which made it difficult for their enemies to defeat them d. the alliance with the Aztecs and the Incas e. its use of new weapons

a. its military alliances, sustained by political and organizational skills

Spain began to fortify and settle its North American border lands in order to... a. protect its domains from encroachments by England and France b. gain control of Canada c. gain more slaves d. find a passage to the Pacific Ocean e. look for gold in Florida

a. protect its domains from encroachments by England and France

The introduction of American plants throughout the world resulted in... a. rapid population growth in Europe b. many illnesses, caused by new germs contained in these food-stuffs c. an African population decline d. very little change e. an increase in obesity

a. rapid population growth in Europe

The Christian crusaders were indirectly responsible for the discovery of America because they... a. were victorious over the Muslims b. brought back news of valuable Far Eastern spices, drugs, and silk c. succeeded in establishing improved business relations between Muslims and Christians d. returned with captured Muslim maps showing the North and South American continents e. developed better navigational devices

b. brought back news of valuable Far Eastern spices, drugs, and silk

Columbus called the native people in the New World "Indians" because... a. that was what they called themselves b. he believed he had skirted the rim of the "Indies" c. it was a form of Spanish word for heathen d. the Vikings had first called them by that name e. the Spanish often used this generic word, which meant "outsider" or "non-Spanish"

b. he believed he had skirted the rim of the "Indies"

Before the middle of the fifteenth century, sub-Saharan Africa had remained remote and mysterious to Europeans because... a. there was little value for them down there b. sea travel down the African coast had been virtually impossible c. Islamic societies prevented Europe from making inroads there d. they did not know it existed e. they feared the people who lived there

b. sea travel down the African coast had been virtually impossible

The Dominican Friar Bartolome de la Casas is best known for... a. negotiating the treaty of Tordesillas b. speaking out against the horrors of the encomiendas system on the Native Americans c. establishing a mission to bring Christianity to the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan d. convincing Spanish queen Isabella to make Christianity the main focus of Spanish exploration e. all of these

b. speaking out against the horrors of the encomiendas system on the Native Americans

European contact with Native Americans led to... a. the Europeans' acceptance of the horse into their culture b. the deaths of millions of Native Americans, who had little resistance to European diseases c. the introduction into the New World of such plants as potatoes, tomatoes, and beans d. an increase in Native American population e. the use of tobacco by Native Americans

b. the deaths of millions of Native Americans, who had little resistance to European diseases

All of the following contributed to the emergence of a new interdependent global economic system except... a. Europe providing the markets and capital b. Africa providing the labor c. European explorers' desire to create new cultures d. The New World providing its raw materials e. the advancement and improvement of technology

c. European explorers' desire to create new cultures

The institution of the incomienda allowed the... a. native people to enslave members of another tribe b. Europeans to marry Native Americans c. European governments to give Indians to colonists if they promised to Christianize them d. governments of Europe to abolish the practice of Indian slavery and to establish African slavery e. Europeans to establish a system based on capitalism

c. European governments to give Indians to colonists if they promised to Christianize them

One of the main factors that enabled Europeans to conquer native North Americans with relative ease was the... a. pacifistic nature of the native North Americans b. settled agricultural societies of North America c. absence of dense concentrations of population or complex nation-states in North America d. use of native guides for spying and surveillance activities e. lack of technological weaponry available to other native American cultures

c. absence of dense concentrations of population or complex nation-states in North America

All of the following are true of the Inca, Mayan, and Aztec civilizations except they... a. had advanced agricultural practices based primarily on the cultivation of maize b. lacked the technology of the wheel c. had the use of large draft animals such as the horse and oxen d. built elaborate cities and carried on far-flung commerce e. had talented mathematicians, which allowed them to make accurate astronomical observations

c. had the use of large draft animals such as the horse and oxen

Before the arrival of Europeans, most native peoples in North America... a. lived in large communities b. were more advanced than those of South America c. lived in small, scattered, impermanent settlements d. populated the greater part of the continent e. relied on horses for transportation

c. lived in small, scattered, impermanent settlements

Most likely the first Americans were... a. Norse seafarers from Scandinavia b. Spanish explorers from the 15th Century c. people who crossed the land bridge from Eurasia to North America d. Portuguese sailors of Prince Henry the Navigator e. refugees from Africa

c. people who crossed the land bridge from Eurasia to North America

After his first voyage, Columbus believed that he had... a. discovered a new world b. failed at what he had set out to do c. sailed the outskirts of the East Indies d. sailed around the world e. reached the shores of Japan

c. sailed the outskirts of the East Indies

Men in the more settled agricultural groups in North America performed all of the following tasks except... a. hunting b. gathering fuel c. tending crops d. clearing fields for planting e. fishing

c. tending crops

All of the following are true statements about Popes Rebellion in 1680, except... a. Pueblo Indians rebelled when Spanish missionaries sought to suppress native religious customs b. Pueblo Indians destroyed every Catholic Church in the province of New Mexico c. the revolt by Pueblo Indians was successfully halted by the Spanish d. Pueblo Indians built a ceremonial religious chamber- kiva- on the ruins of the Spanish plaza e. Spanish priests and settlers were killed in the conflict

c. the revolt by Pueblo Indians was successfully halted by the Spanish

The adoption of horses by Native American tribes such as the Sioux, Apaches, and Blackfeet... a. enabled them to wage more successful wars against their enemies b. allowed them to travel across the vast expanse of North America, from Atlantic to Pacific c. transformed their cultures into wide-ranging, hunter gather societies that roamed the Great Plains d. led them to shift from agriculture to ranch based economies e. all of these

c. transformed their cultures into wide-ranging, hunter gather societies that roamed the Great Plains

Within a century of Columbus's landfall in the New World, the Native American population was reduced by nearly... a. 20% b. 50% c. 70% d. 90% e. 100%

d. 90%

Spain was united into a single nation-state when... a. it was invaded by Portugal in the late fifteenth century b. Christopher Columbus returned with news of his discovery of the New World c. Prince Henry the Navigator came to thrown d. Ferdinand and Isabella married and the African Moors were expelled e. Ferdinand and Isabella were overthrown

d. Ferdinand and Isabella married and the African Moors were expelled

Identify the false statement. a. Most native peoples of North America lived in small, scattered, and impermanent settlements prior to the arrival of Europeans. b. In more settled agricultural groups, women tended the crops while men hunted c. Many North American groups established matrilineal cultures, where power and possessions passed down the female side of the family line. d. Native Americans rejected the belief that the physical world was endowed with spiritual properties e. Native Americans had neither the desire nor the means to manipulate nature aggressively

d. Native Americans rejected the belief that the physical world was endowed with spiritual properties

Which group was responsible for the slave trading in Africa long before the Europeans had arrived? a. The Portuguese and Spanish b. The English and the Scandinavians c. The Incas and the Aztecs d. The Arabs and the Africans e. The English and the Americans

d. The Arabs and the Africans

According to scholars, the flood of precious New World metals into Spain is responsible for all of the following except... a. the ballooning of the European money supply b. the foundations of the modern commercial banking system c. the growth of capitalism as an economic system d. a price revolution that dramatically decreased consumer costs e. the spread of commerce and manufacturing

d. a price revolution that dramatically decreased consumer costs

The crop that became the staple of life in Mexico and South America was... a. wheat b. potatoes c. tobacco d. corn e. beans

d. corn

European explorers introduced _______ to the New World. a. syphilis b. maize c. tobacco d. smallpox e. pumpkin

d. smallpox

The term "Columbian Exchange" describes: a. the exporting of precious metals from the New World and the importing of African slaves to the New World b. the gifts Columbus brought and received from Native Americans c. the trade in Native American furs for European horses and other goods d. the transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds e. None

d. the transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds

Which of the following was not a feature created in North America ten thousand years ago when the glaciers retreated? a. The great lakes b. The great salt lake c. a mineral rich desert d. thousands of shallow depressions which formed lakes e. the grand canyon

e. The Grand Canyon