Hum 2093 - Exam 1
Zoroastrians often refer to their religion as "the Good Religion." Which of the following is NOT one of the emphases of the religion?
good discussion
Which of the following is a term for Zoroastrian priests?
Magi
The person that Shia Muslims believe will come as a savior figure at the end of time is called what?
Mahdi
What is the name of the medieval Jewish scholar who extracted 613 distinct laws from the Hebrew Bible, devised 13 articles of the Jewish faith, and wrote the Guide for the Perplexed?
Maimonides
Which of the following people or terms does NOT have anything to do with medieval Jewish mysticism?
Maimonides
Which of the following was NOT a notable Muslim intellectual in the Middle Ages?
Maimonides
The "first great heretic of the Church," who said the creator god of the Old Testament was not the same as the father of Jesus Christ as revealed in the New Testament, was:
Marcion
The first person to assemble a canon of Christian scripture was who?
Marcion
The first major reformer in the Protestant Reformation was:
Martin Luther
Which of the following statements about the Jesus' mother Mary is NOT held by at least some Christians?
Mary was one of Jesus' twelve original disciples
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of Zoroastrian belief?
divinity of the prophet Zoroaster
Which of the following Christian beliefs was NOT developed within about two generations of Jesus' death (by the year 110 or so)?
doctrine of the Trinity
Important dates: 651 CE:
fall of Sasanian Empire (Zoroastrians) to Arabs (Muslims)
_____________ is central to Zoroastrian worship, which takes place in ______________ temples. Which ONE word accurately fills in both blanks?
fire
In Zoroastrianism, the guardian spirit who sends the soul into the material world is called what?
fravashi
Ancient Israelite religion (prior to the Babylonian exile) might be described in what way, with reference to their understanding of God?
henotheistic
Important terms
http://rosetta.reltech.org/UTSA/HUM2093/terms.html
Which of the following is NOT one of the Five Pillars of Islam?
jihad(struggle)
Important dates: 680 CE:
martyrdom of Hussein ibn Ali at Battle of Karbala
The movement of Christians to the desert, to monasteries, and to convents in order to separate themselves from the world is called the _________________ movement.
monastic
Which of the following is NOT a necessary component of religion?
monotheism
What term do scholars of religion use to refer to a narrative that recounts sacred history, usually involving (semi-)divine beings or cultural heroes?
myth
The Ecumenical Movement among Christians, which sought to focus on beliefs and practices that Christians had in common rather than focusing on their differences, gave birth in 1948 to what?
World Council of Churches
In the immediate aftermath of the destruction of the Jerusalem temple, Rabbinic Judaism was established by whom?
Yohanan ben Zakkai
A scholar who sees religion as a purely social phenomenon like many others may be called:
a reductionist
A scholar who sees religion as unique, in a class by itself in comparison with other human activities, may be called:
a religionist
What was the name of Muhammad's friend and father-in-law, who was also the father of Muhammad's wife Aisha?
Abu Talib
The church council at which the pope was declared to be infallible when speaking "ex cathedra" was:
First Vatican Council
Which of the following books is NOT accepted as scripture by at least some contemporary Christians?
Gospel of Thomas
Important dates: 1492 CE:
Granada, last Muslim stronghold in Al-Andalus (Iberian Peninsula), captured by Christians
Important dates: 1054 CE:
Great Schism between Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Church
The New Testament is written in what language?
Greek
The Tanakh is written in what two languages?
Hebrew and Aramaic
The flight of Muhammad and his followers to the city of Medina is called:
Hijra
Important dates: 622 CE:
Hijra of Muhammad and his followers to Medina; Year 1 in Muslim calendar
Muhammad is viewed by Muslims and the last and greatest in a long line of prophets. Which of the following is NOT considered one of those prophets?
Iblis
Which of the following did the Prophet Muhammad NOT encounter in his Night Journey to Jerusalem and the seven heavens (select one)?
Iblis
What is the name used in the Quran for Jesus?
Isa
Another name for the Holocaust, the murder of at least six million Jews during World War II, is what?
Shoah
The largest group of Muslims in the world by population is which group?
Sunni
Which early Christian questioned the value of Greek philosophy to the understanding of Christianity, saying "What is there in common between Athens and Jerusalem?"
Tertullian
Which of the following is NOT considered one of the leaders of the Protestant Reformation?
Thomas Aquinas
Which king allowed Jewish exiles to return home in 538 BCE?
Cyrus the Great
The caliph who had the Quran compiled in its present form and all other copies burned was who?
Uthman
Which of the following is NOT one of the seven expressive functions of religion?
theology
The name of Zoroastrianism's God is:
Ahura Mazda
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of Zoroastrian belief?
Ahura Mazda and Angra Mainyu are equal in power
What is the name of the evil spirit in Zoroastrianism?
Angra Mainyu
Which early Christian leader wrote an autobiography called The Confessions, a treatise on Christianity's relation with the world called The City of God, and formulated a description of the Trinity?
Augustine
What is the name of Zoroastrian sacred scripture?
Avesta
The Zoroastrian sacred text is written in what language?
Avestan
Important dates: ca. 800 BCE - ca. 200 BCE:
Axial Age
The Iranian Revolution of 1979 was led by whom?
Ayatollah Khomeini
Leaders of the kingdom of Judah were taken into exile in 586 BCE by which nation?
Babylonia
The two Jewish temples in Jerusalem were destroyed by which two nations?
Babylonia and Rome
Which of the following is NOT a city that is sacred to Muslims?
Baghdad
Which of the following is NOT a name for the Christian practice of taking a sacred meal together?
Baptism
Zoroastrians believe that humans will be judged where?
Chinvat Bridge
Which church council defined the orthodox position on the divine and the human natures in Jesus, declaring them to be joined in him "without confusion, without mutability, without division, without separation"?
Council of Chalcedon
The church council which defined for the first time the exact list of books contained in the Old and New Testaments was:
Council of Trent
Which proclamation declared Christianity to be a legal religion within the Roman Empire?
Edict of Milan
Important dates: 313 CE:
Edict of Milan, making Christianity a legal religion in the Roman Empire
Which of the following people does NOT have any writings attributed to him in the New Testament?
Jesus
Important dates: 1492 CE:
Jews expelled from Spain
After revolting against Seleucid ruler Antiochus Epiphanes, Jews led by ________________ established an independent kingdom that lasted for about 100 years.
Judas Maccabeus
What was the name of Muhammad's first wife, who was also the first convert to Islam (not counting Muhammad himself)?
Khadija
Which of the following is NOT one of the constituent parts of the Tanakh, the sacred scripture of the Jews?
Mishna
The "father of Reform Judaism" was:
Moses Mendelssohn
Which of the following was NOT one of the four rightly guided caliphs?
Muawiya
According to the New Testament, although Jesus was born in Bethlehem, he grew up in which city or town?
Nazareth
Which of the following is NOT a name Jews use to refer to all or part of their scriptures?
New Testament
The Christian creed (statement of faith) that begins, "We believe in one God, the Father almighty, ..." is called what?
Nicene creed
Which of the following is NOT one of the three main branches of Christianity?
Oriental Orthodox
Important dates: 1453 CE:
Ottoman Turks (Muslims) capture Constantinople, ending the Byzantine Empire (Christian)
Who was knows as the Apostle to the Gentiles?
Paul
Which of the following was NOT one of the manifestations of the Persian Empire prior to the rise of Islam?
Ptolemaic
Belief that Ali should have been Muhammad's first successor, that the Twelfth Imam will ultimately return as the messiah-like Mahdi, and that descendants of Muhammad's family should be the leaders of the community is characteristic of which group?
Shia
When Jesus was crucified on the cross, he suffered a form of execution commonly used by whom?
Romans
The most famous Muslim poet from the Middle Ages was:
Rumi
The Muslim ruler of Egypt who reconquered Jerusalem in the era of the Crusades was (circle one):
Saladin
Which church council of the Roman Catholic Church reached out in a positive way to other Christians and even people of other faiths?
Second Vatican Council
The founder of the modern Zionist movement was who?
Theodor Herzl
Which of the following is NOT considered a sacred text by the Jews?
Zohar
Abraham (Ibrahim) is an important figure in all of the following religious traditions EXCEPT:
Zoroastrianism
Important dates: 30 CE:
approximate date of Jesus' death in Jerusalem (and resurrection, according to his followers)
Important dates: 1200 BCE:
approximate start of 450-year power vacuum in eastern Mediterranean region, resulting in rise of Israel, Judah, and other small states
A fixed list of authoritative texts within a religious tradition is called what?
canon
What term do scholars of religion use to refer to worship practices, often seen as sacred drama?
cult
Important dates: 586 BCE:
destruction of first Jewish temple in Jerusalem
Important dates: 70 CE:
destruction of second Jewish temple in Jerusalem
Which is NOT considered a major crisis point within the combined history of ancient Israel and Judaism?
destruction of the temple in Elephantine by the Egyptians
Which of the following is NOT one of the three functions of religion in society?
religions of transformation
Worship, sacrifice, ritual, and Ghost Dance are all examples of:
sacred interactions
The time before the creation of the universe, heaven & hell, Brahman, and dimensions outside those normally perceived by humans are all examples of:
sacred metatime/metaspace
Allah, Jesus, angels, Krishna, and ancestors are all examples of:
sacred personages
The Holy Land, Uluru/Ayers Rock, the Black Hills, and the Kaaba are all examples of:
sacred space
The cross, ankh, yin-yang, mandala, swastika (as used in the religious traditions of India), and the star of David are all examples of:
sacred symbols & artifacts
Rosh Hashanah, Advent, Ramadan, and Diwali are all examples of:
sacred time
The Islamic creed (statement of faith) that begins, "There is no god but Allah, ..." is called what?
shahada
The Jewish statement of faith that begins, "Hear O Israel, ..." is called what?
shema
Important dates: 1517 CE:
start of Protestant Reformation
The word "Islam" comes from an Arabic word that means what?
submission
In order for one form of Christianity to achieve ascendancy over the others, it would require four things. Which is NOT one of those four things?
systematic description of its message
One major development in the history of the ancient Near East that allowed small states like Israel, Judah, Edom, and Philistia to flourish was what?
the 450-year power vacuum
The defining event of the Jewish faith is what?
the exodus
