Human A&P

Structures that function in intercellular communication include_________.

Gap junctions

Which durable protein is found in the nails, hair, and epidermis?

keratin

The type of muscle found in the walls of blood vessels is_________ muscle.

smooth

Which layer of the epidermis is found in only a few areas of the body?

stratum lucidum

In which layer of the epidermis are lamellar bodies formed inside keratinocytes?

stratum spinosum

Which of the following is not a characteristic of homeostatic variables?

they always remain at a fixed value

Epithelial tissue is characterized by

tightly packed cells

The shoulder is_________ to the elbow.

proximal

Which epithelial tissue can be described as "all cells attached to the basement membrane but not all cells reach free surfaces"?

pseudostratified

What will develop when the skin is subjected to excess friction or pressure?

callus

What happens when the arrector pili muscles contract?

"Goose bumps" form on the skin.

If you accidentally cut your arm and see adipose tissue, which layer(s) was/were cut?

All of the choices are correct.

Which of the following is consistent with homeostasis?

As body temperature rises, sweating occurs to cool the body.

A tissue that has a fluid matrix is_________.

Blood

Contraction of smooth muscle in the walls of the dermal blood vessels will cause which of the following?

Body heat is conserved

Contraction of smooth muscle in the walls of the dermal blood vessels will cause which of the following?

Conservation of body heat

The bluish tinge of skin due to a reduction of oxygen in the blood is called_________.

Cyanosis

The study of the structural features and functions of the cell is_________.

Cytology

Which of the following structures is likely to consist of dense irregular collagenous connective tissue?

Dermis of the skin

A cell that forms fibrous connective tissue would be called a_________.

Fibroblast

An expanded knob at the base of the hair root is the_________.

Hair bulb

Which cells of the epidermis are part of the immune system?

Langerhans cells

The extracellular material of tissues is called_________.

Matrix

The central axis of the hair is the_________.

Medulla

The vesicles that contain melanin are_________.

Melanosomes

A thin layer of tissue that covers an organ or lines a cavity is a_________.

Membrane

A thick, sticky secretion produced by goblet cells is called_________.

Mucus

The skin that covers the lateral and proximal edges of the nail is the_________.

Nail fold

Collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers in connective tissues are all considered_________.

Proteins

The study of the body's organization by areas is_________.

Regional anatomy

The type of membrane that protects internal organs from friction is a_________ membrane

Serous

Which vitamin begins its synthesis in the skin when the skin is exposed to ultraviolet light?

Vitamin D

The mesentery is

a fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall

An organelle is

a small structure within a cell

The cavity of the body immediately inferior to the diaphragm is the_________ cavity.

abdominal

Which type of cell contains large amounts of lipids?

adipocyte

Eccrine sweat glands do which of the following?

aid in cooling the body

Which type of muscle is found in the wall of the heart?

cardiac muscle

Which type of cell forms cartilage?

chondroblast

The three types of protein fibers found in connective tissue are

collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers

The three types of protein fibers found in connective tissue are

collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers.

Which of the following categories of epithelium is based on cell shape?

columnar

Which type of tissue possesses an abundant extracellular matrix?

connective tissue

Connective tissue in tendons is

dense regular collagenous tissue

Friction ridges of the hands and feet are produced by projections into the epidermis called_________.

dermal papillae

Which of the following structures is likely to consist of dense irregular collagenous connective tissue?

dermis of skin

What is a disc-shaped structure with especially adhesive glycoproteins around each cell that bind cells to one another?

desmosomes

Which type of connective tissue is found in the external ears?

elastic cartilage

Which type of tissue forms linings or coverings?

epithelial tissue

The four primary tissue types are

epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous

Which of the following will help cool the body?

evaporation of sweat from the skin's surface

Which type of connective tissue is found between the vertebrae?

fibrocartilage

Which type of burn involves damage to the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue?

full thickness

Adipose tissue

functions as an insulator and a site of energy storage

Adipose tissue

functions as an insulator and a site of energy storage.

What is a small protein channel that allows the passage of ions and small molecules between cells?

gap junction

Structures that function in intercellular communication include

gap junctions

A tissue is a

group of cells with similar structure and function

Unlike an exocrine gland, an endocrine gland

has no ducts

What attaches epithelial cells to the basement membrane?

hemidesmosomes

The secretions of endocrine glands are released directly

into the bloodstream

Thick skin

is found in areas subject to pressure or friction such as palms.

How does intact skin provide protection?

it forms a physical barrier against the entry of microbes

As skin cells move toward the surface of the body, they produce a protein that reduces water loss. This process is called_________.

keratinization

The anatomical term that means "away from the midline of the body" is_________.

lateral

The thumb is_________ to the fifth digit (little finger).

lateral

Which of the following occurs when the permeability of blood vessels increases during inflammation?

migration of white blood cells to the site of injury

Which type of tissue is contractile?

muscle tissue

Macrophages are cells specialized for_________.

phagocytosis

Which of the following is NOT a type of burn?

primary burn

Which of the following functions is associated with the skin?

protection against UV radiation of the sun

The study of the body's organization by areas is_________.

regional anatomy

In a negative feedback mechanism, the response of the effector

reverses the original stimulus.

Which of the following is a function of epithelial tissue?

secretion and absorption of molecules

The type of membrane that protects internal organs from friction is a_________ membrane.

serous

The visceral pleura is

serous membrane that covers lungs

The various types of epithelium are classified by

shape of cells and number of cell layers

Epithelium that is primarily secretory in function would most likely be

simple cuboidal

If one of the functions of the capillaries is to supply body cells with oxygen and nutrients, you would expect the capillary walls to consist of

simple squamous epithelium

Which type of epithelial tissue is found in the mouth?

stratified squamous epithelium

The nail is composed of cells of the_________.

stratum basal

The epidermal layer that is present in the nail bed and the nail matrix is the_________.

stratum basale

Which of the following represents the correct order of the layers of the epidermis from the deepest to the most superficial?

stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum

In which layer of the epidermis are granules of keratohyalin formed?

stratum granulosum

A muscle that is not consciously controlled and has a banded appearance would be described as

striated and involuntary

Anatomy is the study of

structure

The_________ is a major site of lipid storage in the body.

subcutaneous layer

Which subdivision of anatomy involves the study of organs that function together?

systemic

Which type of epithelial tissue is found in the urinary bladder?

transitional epithelium