Human Anatomy chapters 3,4,5,6,9

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How many "letters" of an RNA molecule, in sequence, does it take to provide the code for a single amino acid?

3

Which of the following sequences on a DNA molecule would be complementary to GCTTATAT?

CGAATATA

Which of the following is not a difference between DNA and RNA?

DNA contains alternating sugar-phosphate molecules whereas RNA does not contain sugars

Place the following structures in order from least to most complex organization: chromatin, nucleosome, DNA, chromosome

DNA, nucleosome, chromatin, chromosome

Which of the following phases is characterized by preparation for DNA synthesis?

G1

If you cut yourself and bacteria enter the wound, which of the following cells would help get rid of the bacteria?

Langerhans cells

The rough ER has its name due to what associated structures?

Ribosomes

Which of the following is a feature common to all three components of the cytoskeleton?

They are all polymers of protein subunits.

The nucleus and mitochondria share which of the following features?

a double cell membrane

A meniscus is ________.

a fibrocartilage pad that provides padding between bones

The area of a bone where the nutrient foramen passes forms what kind of bone marking?

a hole

Ion pumps and phagocytosis are both examples of ________.

active transport

Which connective tissue specializes in storage of fat?

adipose tissue

Yellow marrow has been identified as ________.

an area of fat storage

Sebaceous glands ________.

are associated with hair follicles

Eccrine sweat glands ________.

are present in the skin throughout the body and produce watery sweat

In response to stimuli from the sympathetic nervous system, the arrector pili ________.

are responsible for goose bumps

Which of the following is not made out of RNA?

aribosome

Which of the following central nervous system cells regulate ions, regulate the uptake and/or breakdown of some neurotransmitters, and contribute to the formation of the blood-brain barrier?

astrocytes

Which of the following is part of the elongation step of DNA synthesis?

attaching complementary nucleotides to the template strand

The nerve impulse travels down a(n) ________, away from the cell body.

axon

Which type of joint provides the greatest range of motion?

ball-and-socket

The skeletal system is made of ________.

bones and cartilage

In general, skin cancers ________.

can be reduced by limiting exposure to the sun

What multipotent stem cells from children are sometimes banked by parents?

cells from the umbilical cord and from baby teeth

The papillary and reticular layers of the dermis are composed mainly of ________.

connective tissue

Ligaments connect bones together and withstand a lot of stress. What type of connective tissue should you expect ligaments to contain?

dense regular connective tissue

Bone tissue can be described as _________ .

dense, hard connective tissue

The diffusion of substances within a solution tends to move those substances ________ their ________ gradient.

down; concentration

Differentiated cells in a developing embryo derive from ________.

ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm

Which of the following is not a type of tissue?

embryonic

Bones grow in length due to activity in the ________.

epiphyseal plate

Which motion moves the bottom of the foot away from the midline of the body?

eversion

One of the functions of the integumentary system is protection. Which of the following does not directly contribute to that function?

folic acid synthesis

Supination is the motion that moves the ________.

hand from the palm backward position to the palm forward position

Which of the following occurs in the spongy bone of the epiphysis?

hematopoiesis

Which type of joint allows for only uniaxial movement?

hinge joint

When a mast cell reacts to an irritation, which of the following chemicals does it release?

histamine

The ________ exocrine gland stores its secretion until the glandular cell ruptures, whereas the ________ gland releases its apical region and reforms.

holocrine; apocrine

Under the microscope, a tissue specimen shows cells located in spaces scattered in a transparent background. This is probably ________.

hyaline cartilage

Similar to the hair, nails grow continuously throughout our lives. Which of the following is furthest from the nail growth center?

hyponychium

Condyloid joints ________.

include the radiocarpal joint

Bones that surround the spinal cord are classified as ________ bones.

irregular

A cartilaginous joint ________.

is called a symphysis when the bones are united by fibrocartilage

Which of the following are found in compact bone and cancellous bone?

lamellae

Which category of bone is among the most numerous in the skeleton?

long bone

Without red marrow, bones would not be able to ________.

make blood cells

Which of the following organelles produces large quantities of ATP when both glucose and oxygen are available to the cell?

mitochondria

Which of the following lines the body cavities exposed to the external environment?

mucosa

The cells of muscles, myocytes, develop from ________.

myoblasts

The cells responsible for the transmission of the nerve impulse are ________.

neurons

Which of the following are incapable of undergoing mitosis?

osteoblasts and osteocytes

In bone, the main cells are ________.

osteocytes

An individual using a sharp knife notices a small amount of blood where he just cut himself. Which of the following layers of skin did he have to cut into in order to bleed?

papillary dermis

The fibrous membrane covering the outer surface of the bone is the ________.

periosteum

Arrange the following terms in order of increasing specialization: oligopotency, pleuripotency, unipotency, multipotency.

pleuripotency, multipotency, oligopotency, unipotency

A bursa ________.

prevents friction between skin and bone, or a muscle tendon and bone

Intramembranous ossification ________.

produces the bones of the top and sides of the skull

Which function of the skeletal system would be especially important if you were in a car accident?

protection of internal organs

Which type of epithelial tissue specializes in moving particles across its surface and is found in airways?

pseudostratified ciliated columnar

Most of the bones of the arms and hands are long bones; however, the bones in the wrist are categorized as ________.

short bones

Striations, cylindrical cells, and multiple nuclei are observed in ________.

skeletal muscle only

Which of the following is not a function of the hypodermis?

source of blood vessels in the epidermis

The papillary layer of the dermis is most closely associated with which layer of the epidermis?

stratum basale

As you are walking down the beach, you see a dead, dry, shriveled-up fish. Which layer of your epidermis keeps you from drying out?

stratum corneum

Langerhans cells are commonly found in the ________.

stratum spinosum

Collagen lends ________ to the skin.

structure

The epiphyseal plate of a growing long bone in a child is classified as a ________.

synchondrosis

Which type of fibrous joint connects the tibia and fibula?

syndesmosis

Sesamoid bones are found embedded in ________.

tendons

An example of a wide fibrous joint is ________.

the interosseous membrane of the forearm

Which of these joints is classified as a synarthrosis?

the manubriosternal joint

Which of these joints is classified as a biaxial diarthrosis?

the metacarpophalangeal joint

Which region of the vertebral column has the greatest range of motion for rotation?

thoracic

In humans, exposure of the skin to sunlight is required for ________.

vitamin D synthesis


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