Human Anatomy chapters 3,4,5,6,9
How many "letters" of an RNA molecule, in sequence, does it take to provide the code for a single amino acid?
3
Which of the following sequences on a DNA molecule would be complementary to GCTTATAT?
CGAATATA
Which of the following is not a difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA contains alternating sugar-phosphate molecules whereas RNA does not contain sugars
Place the following structures in order from least to most complex organization: chromatin, nucleosome, DNA, chromosome
DNA, nucleosome, chromatin, chromosome
Which of the following phases is characterized by preparation for DNA synthesis?
G1
If you cut yourself and bacteria enter the wound, which of the following cells would help get rid of the bacteria?
Langerhans cells
The rough ER has its name due to what associated structures?
Ribosomes
Which of the following is a feature common to all three components of the cytoskeleton?
They are all polymers of protein subunits.
The nucleus and mitochondria share which of the following features?
a double cell membrane
A meniscus is ________.
a fibrocartilage pad that provides padding between bones
The area of a bone where the nutrient foramen passes forms what kind of bone marking?
a hole
Ion pumps and phagocytosis are both examples of ________.
active transport
Which connective tissue specializes in storage of fat?
adipose tissue
Yellow marrow has been identified as ________.
an area of fat storage
Sebaceous glands ________.
are associated with hair follicles
Eccrine sweat glands ________.
are present in the skin throughout the body and produce watery sweat
In response to stimuli from the sympathetic nervous system, the arrector pili ________.
are responsible for goose bumps
Which of the following is not made out of RNA?
aribosome
Which of the following central nervous system cells regulate ions, regulate the uptake and/or breakdown of some neurotransmitters, and contribute to the formation of the blood-brain barrier?
astrocytes
Which of the following is part of the elongation step of DNA synthesis?
attaching complementary nucleotides to the template strand
The nerve impulse travels down a(n) ________, away from the cell body.
axon
Which type of joint provides the greatest range of motion?
ball-and-socket
The skeletal system is made of ________.
bones and cartilage
In general, skin cancers ________.
can be reduced by limiting exposure to the sun
What multipotent stem cells from children are sometimes banked by parents?
cells from the umbilical cord and from baby teeth
The papillary and reticular layers of the dermis are composed mainly of ________.
connective tissue
Ligaments connect bones together and withstand a lot of stress. What type of connective tissue should you expect ligaments to contain?
dense regular connective tissue
Bone tissue can be described as _________ .
dense, hard connective tissue
The diffusion of substances within a solution tends to move those substances ________ their ________ gradient.
down; concentration
Differentiated cells in a developing embryo derive from ________.
ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm
Which of the following is not a type of tissue?
embryonic
Bones grow in length due to activity in the ________.
epiphyseal plate
Which motion moves the bottom of the foot away from the midline of the body?
eversion
One of the functions of the integumentary system is protection. Which of the following does not directly contribute to that function?
folic acid synthesis
Supination is the motion that moves the ________.
hand from the palm backward position to the palm forward position
Which of the following occurs in the spongy bone of the epiphysis?
hematopoiesis
Which type of joint allows for only uniaxial movement?
hinge joint
When a mast cell reacts to an irritation, which of the following chemicals does it release?
histamine
The ________ exocrine gland stores its secretion until the glandular cell ruptures, whereas the ________ gland releases its apical region and reforms.
holocrine; apocrine
Under the microscope, a tissue specimen shows cells located in spaces scattered in a transparent background. This is probably ________.
hyaline cartilage
Similar to the hair, nails grow continuously throughout our lives. Which of the following is furthest from the nail growth center?
hyponychium
Condyloid joints ________.
include the radiocarpal joint
Bones that surround the spinal cord are classified as ________ bones.
irregular
A cartilaginous joint ________.
is called a symphysis when the bones are united by fibrocartilage
Which of the following are found in compact bone and cancellous bone?
lamellae
Which category of bone is among the most numerous in the skeleton?
long bone
Without red marrow, bones would not be able to ________.
make blood cells
Which of the following organelles produces large quantities of ATP when both glucose and oxygen are available to the cell?
mitochondria
Which of the following lines the body cavities exposed to the external environment?
mucosa
The cells of muscles, myocytes, develop from ________.
myoblasts
The cells responsible for the transmission of the nerve impulse are ________.
neurons
Which of the following are incapable of undergoing mitosis?
osteoblasts and osteocytes
In bone, the main cells are ________.
osteocytes
An individual using a sharp knife notices a small amount of blood where he just cut himself. Which of the following layers of skin did he have to cut into in order to bleed?
papillary dermis
The fibrous membrane covering the outer surface of the bone is the ________.
periosteum
Arrange the following terms in order of increasing specialization: oligopotency, pleuripotency, unipotency, multipotency.
pleuripotency, multipotency, oligopotency, unipotency
A bursa ________.
prevents friction between skin and bone, or a muscle tendon and bone
Intramembranous ossification ________.
produces the bones of the top and sides of the skull
Which function of the skeletal system would be especially important if you were in a car accident?
protection of internal organs
Which type of epithelial tissue specializes in moving particles across its surface and is found in airways?
pseudostratified ciliated columnar
Most of the bones of the arms and hands are long bones; however, the bones in the wrist are categorized as ________.
short bones
Striations, cylindrical cells, and multiple nuclei are observed in ________.
skeletal muscle only
Which of the following is not a function of the hypodermis?
source of blood vessels in the epidermis
The papillary layer of the dermis is most closely associated with which layer of the epidermis?
stratum basale
As you are walking down the beach, you see a dead, dry, shriveled-up fish. Which layer of your epidermis keeps you from drying out?
stratum corneum
Langerhans cells are commonly found in the ________.
stratum spinosum
Collagen lends ________ to the skin.
structure
The epiphyseal plate of a growing long bone in a child is classified as a ________.
synchondrosis
Which type of fibrous joint connects the tibia and fibula?
syndesmosis
Sesamoid bones are found embedded in ________.
tendons
An example of a wide fibrous joint is ________.
the interosseous membrane of the forearm
Which of these joints is classified as a synarthrosis?
the manubriosternal joint
Which of these joints is classified as a biaxial diarthrosis?
the metacarpophalangeal joint
Which region of the vertebral column has the greatest range of motion for rotation?
thoracic
In humans, exposure of the skin to sunlight is required for ________.
vitamin D synthesis