human anatomy practical 2

Which of the following statements is true regarding mechanical and/or chemical digestion? Check all that apply.

-The muscular contractions of the stomach's muscularis layers contribute to mechanical digestion. -The action of pepsin on proteins in the stomach is an example of chemical digestion.

Which of the following statements is true regarding failures of self-tolerance? Check all that apply.

Antibodies not only react against a pathogen, but also against the body's own cells. Upon exposure, antibodies may form against self-antigens the blood is not usually exposed to.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the absorption of nutrients? Check all that apply.

Carbohydrates are absorbed as monosaccharides. Micelles are required for lipid absorption.

Which of the following statements is true about memory cells? Check all that apply.

Memory cells respond to antigens more rapidly than naive T cells. Upon reexposure to a pathogen, memory cells engage in the T cell recall response, destroying the pathogen quickly.

Each B cell has thousands of receptors for one __________.

antigen

Why is chyme is required to contact the microvilli of the intestinal wall in order for digestion to occur?

brush boarder enzymes are not secreted into the lumen

If tissue fluid does not enter the lymphatic vessels adequately, ______ can result

edema

What is the network of nerves that regulates motility, secretion, and blood flow in the digestive tract called?

enteric nervous system

Which of the following is a feature that the stomach and the small intestine have in common?

goblet cells

Once the tissue fluid is inside the lymphatic vessels, it is called ______.

lymph

Aggregations of lymphocytes in the connective tissues of mucus membranes are called _________.

lymphatic tissues

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), commonly known as lupus, is a systemic disease in which the body's immune cells begin producing antibodies that attack the body's healthy tissues instead of just foreign invaders in the body. The result could be pain, inflammation, and tissue damage in various parts of the body. Which of the following T lymphocytes may be malfunctioning to trigger the events that cause a disease like lupus?

regulatory T cells

Which of the following is a method of motility in the small intestine? Check all that apply.

segmentation peristalsis migrating motor complex

Which of the following are reasons why the skin makes an effective barrier to pathogens? Check all that apply.

the ph of sweat, tight junctions, the dryness of skin

When they are open, _________ enters the lymphatic vessels

tissue fluid

Both men and women have a refractory period after orgasm that prevents another from occurring until several minutes or hours have passed.

true

Cholecystokinin, which is produced in the small intestine, inhibits gastric secretions in the stomach.

true

The development of the breasts during pregnancy is due to the growth and extensive branching of mammary glands and ducts.

true

The hormone gastrin increases the production of HCl in the stomach.

true

When substances from the filtrate pass from the renal tubules back to the peritubular capillaries, it is called __________.

tubular reabsorption

Lymphatic capillaries have _____ that open in response to adequate tissue fluid pressure.

valves