Human Anatomy Unit 2: Cells and Tissues

What elements make up 96 percent of the body's weight?

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

When a person is severely burned, fluid accumulates in pockets of skin called blisters. Which of the following cellular structures has been damaged and is the ultimate cause of fluid accumulation?

Plasma Membrane

Which organelle synthesizes proteins that are used in the cytoplasm?

Ribosomes that are free within the cytoplasm

Which part of the plasma membrane is hydrophobic?

The phospholipid "tails"

The structural and functional unit of all living things is the...

cell

Cellular material located outside the nucleus yet inside the plasma membrane is the...

cytoplasm

Nutrients and ions can pass directly from cell to cell through special membrane junctions known as...

gap junctions

The phospholipid tails are ________, which make the plasma membrane impermeable to water.

hydrophobic

Rheumatoid arthritis is a disease in which acid hydrolase enzymes escape from leaky cellular organelles, causing pain and a burning sensation in joints. The leaky organelles from which these acid hydrolase enzymes escape are the...

lysosomes

What is the arrangement of the phospholipids a substance encounters as it passes through the plasma membrane?

phospholipid heads, phospholipid tails, phospholipid tails, phospholipid heads

The membrane connections that prevent the leaking of fluid between cells are called...

tight junctions

Type of cell junction, anchor adjacent cells together and prevent cells from being pulled apart.

Desmosomes

What process permits absorption of glucose into cells?

Facilitated Diffusion

Cell Theory

Fundamental concept of biology that states that all living things are composed of cells

What type of membrane junction allows ions to pass directly from the cytoplasm of one cell to the cytoplasm of the adjacent cell?

Gap Junction

Which of these organelles is responsible for forming secretory vesicles?

Golgi Apparatus