human development ch.10
___ is more likely to be found in family child care and informal care settings than other age groups
- 1 yr old - 6 month old - 2 yr old
adolescents from which ethnic groups may clash with their parents' more conservative cultural ideas about dating
- asian american - latino
which of the following theorists proposed influential theories of infant attachment
- erikson - bowlby - freud
according to research, which of the following physiological characteristics have been linked with an inhibited temperament
- high level of cortisol - high and stable heart rate - high activity in the frontal lobe
sternberg identified three main components of love. what are they?
- intimacy - commitment - passion
which of the following statements are true regarding face to face play
- it includes vocalization, touch, and gestures - it begins when the infant is about 2 to 3 months of age
child care in the united states is most likely to come from ___
- large child care centers - nonprofit centers with churches - small private homes
which of the following are biological influences relating to emotion
- maturation of the cerebral cortex - development of the hippocampus - development of the brain stem
which of the following are environmental influences that can encourage or discourage the persistence of temperament characteristics
- parental responses - cultures
chess and thomas classification system placed children into which categories of temperament
- slow to warm up - easy - difficult
which of the following are types of infant cries
- the angry cry - the basic cry - the pain cry
as the nervous system in infants develops, locomotion becomes possible and children are able to develop a certain amount of ___
independence
ending a close relationship may feel tragic, but one;s happiness and personal development may benefit
true
___ attachment is linked to more perceived negative caregiver burden in caring for patients with alzheimer disease
insecure
which theorist developed a temperament classification system based on inhibition and lack of inhibition
kagen
kagen believes that children inherit a ___ that biases them in terms of temperament
physiology
feeling such as joy, enthusiasm, and love are classified as ____ emotions
positive
which of the following types of emotions are present in infancy
primary emotions
a ___ smile in an infant does not occur in response to external stimuli, but a ___ smile does
reflexive, social
emotion ____ plays a key role for young children when managing the demands and conflicts that arise when interacting with others
regulation
caregivers of ___ babies tend to be inconsistent when responding to their babies
resistant
the term stranger ___ describes a situation in which infants demonstrate a wariness of people they do not know
anxiety
adults with an ___ attachment style tend to be jealous of their romantic partners
anxious
___ is defined as the close emotional bond between two people
attachment
match the author or pair of authors with the appropriate temperament model
chess and thomas- easy, difficult, slow to warm up kagen- degrees of inhibition to the unfamiliar rothbart and bates- extraversion, negative affectivity, effortfulcontrol
affectionate love is also called ___ love and occurs when someone desires to have the other person near
companionate
self-conscious emotions do not appear until the second half of the ___ year of life
second
adults with a ___ attachment style have positive relationships
secure
individuals with a ___ attachment pattern have the ability to show resiliency and a greater ability to face stress with effective coping strategies
secure
___ attached infants feel comfortable and safe to explore the environment
securely
what term describes an infant who sees the caregiver as a base from which to explore the environment
securely attached
what type of emotions include enbarrassment, guilt, pride, and shame
self-conscious
romantic love has strong components of ___ and infatuation
sexuality
in general, infant fear first emerges at ___ months and peaks at about ___ months
6, 18
which theory states that older adults narrow their social networks
socioemotional selectivity theory
caregivers of insecure ___ babies often neglect or physically abuse them
disorganized
more children are in child care today than ever before, primarily because u.s. adults
do not receive paid leave
dating is less common in ___ adolescence
early
a well adjusted young adult most likely had what sort of temperament as a child
easy
what is the name given to parents who monitor children's emotions, view negative emotions as teaching moments, assist in labeling emotions, and train their children in how to deal effectively with emotions
emotion-coaching parents
which of the following statements best describe the influence of biology and environment on emotional development
emotions are influenced by both nature and nurture
according to rothbart and bates, positive anticipation, impulsivity, activity level, and sensation seeking are all in the temperament classification of
extraversion/surgency
men have been observed to be most likely to react to stress with a ___ or ___ response, which can involve either aggressive actions or a withdrawal response
fight, flight
the match between a child's temperament and the environmental demands with which the child must cope is known by the term
goodness of fit
what emotion would an infant younger than 6 months likely not experience
guilt