Human Sexuality- past exams

if a women has regular 32-day menstrual cycle, she most likely ovulates on day

18

research indicates that ___ percent of married men engage in extramartial sex at least once, as do ___ percent of married women

21; 13

chandler is a bisexual Asian man who comes from a poor socio-economic background. He has been having problems in his sex life and has visited a sex therapy clinic. The therapist asks Chandler to describe his problem in the context of all of the identities he holds. Which concept is the therapist using to get a thorough understanding of Chandler

Intersectionality

examples of LARC, which stands for ____, include ____ and ___.

Long-acting, reversible contraceptives; implants and IUDs

____ regulates estrogen production in females and testosterone production in males

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

in females, the ___ turn into the fallopian tubes, the uterus, and the upper part of the vagina

Mullerian ducts

which of the following correctly ranks the major sex surveys from high to low sampling method quality

NSSHB-> Kinsey report-> magazine surveys

sexual health is defined as

a state of physical, mental, social, and emotional well-being related to sexuality

neha is an Indian american and is married to ken, who is African American. the frequency of their sexual intercourse per week depends mainly on

age

which of the following is true of the intake of alcohol during pregnancy

alcohol consumed by the pregnant woman circulates through the fetus

bethany is a proud mother of two toddlers with her partner Jason. they both agree they miss being able to have intercourse whenever and however they want without being worried about a baby. that said, they might want another child in a few years when the twins are older. which method of contraception would be best from them and why?

an IUD for bethany because it has relatively few side effects, has a negligible typical failure rate, and is reversible once beth and jason are ready to have another child

experiencing rape can lead to many psychological consequences for victims, including

anxiety and depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, post-traumatic growth (all of the above)

in psychoanalytic theory, statement X: the superego operates on the pleasure principle. statement Y: the id function to make the person have realistic, rational interactions with others

both statements are false

which of the following is true of breast-feeding

breast-feeding reduces the likelihood of pregnancy by inhibiting ovulation

according to the masters and johnson model, what occurs in females with the formation of the orgasmic platform

bulbospongiosus muscle around the entrance of the vagina tightens, vaginal entrance becomes smaller (A&C)

how is a cesarean section performed

by making an incision through the lower abdomen and then through the wall of the uterus

which of the following best explains how the combination birth control pill works

by providing higher than natural levels of estrogen and progestin, the combination pill primarily prevents ovulation by inhibiting FSH production and LH production

fetishes refer to the attachment of great erotic significance to an object other than a human being. which of the following can be a possible explanation of this phenomenon

classical conditioning

Leila had her genitals cut when she ws a young girl by the village elder. the glans of her clitoris was removed, but nothing else. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), what type of female genital cutting (FGC) did Leila undergo

clitoridectomy

a sexually sensitive organ with no known reproductive function

clitoris

Kaplan's triphasic model of sexual response adds the ___, which was missing in Masters and Johnson's model

cognitive component, sexual desire

research has shown that those who cohabit are more than twice as likely to divorce as those who have not. these findings are known as the

cohabitation effect

evan is a student at madison interested in researching contraceptive use among college students in the U.S. since she is unable to include every college student in the country in her study, she decides to interview students in the human sexuality course about their contraceptive use. what is the pop of her study and what kind of sampling did eva use?

college students in the US; convenience sampling

one of your friends is on medical school. she tells you about a syndrome in which a genetic female develops ovaries normally as a fetus. However, due to the abnormal functioning of the adrenal gland, an excess amount of androgen is produced resulting in external genitals that are partly or completely male in appearance. Your friend is unable to recall the name of the syndrome. You know it and are able to tell her that it is

congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)

the two long cylinders of spongy tissue lying on top of the penis are called the

corpora cavernosa

justin is interested in studying the relationship between age and prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among sex workers. he plans to collect data through in-depth interviews with sex workers. what type of study is Justin conducting, and what type of research method is justin using to collect data

correlational study; qualitative research

which of the following is not part of the sex organs for a typical female body

cowper's glands

Sam frequently watches TV shows that depict sexual intercourse between unmarried individuals. It is predicted that Sam will begin to think that this kind of sexual activity represents the mainstream of what happens in real life in our culture. Which of the following theories supports this idea?

cultivation theory

according to research, which of these behaviors is typically not considered part of the script in the hookup culture

cunnilingus

ally is high on the trait of aggressiveness compared to other people. it is predicted that ally is more influenced by violent media than other people are. this idea is consistent with which of the following concepts

differential susceptibility model

which of the following model explains engagement in high-risk sexual behaviors or likelihood to develop sexual disorders as a result of extreme sexual excitation or inhibition

dual control model

which of the following characteristics is/are true of collectivistic cultures

emphasize interdependence and connections among people, value the group over the individual (B&C)

Faye has been experiencing very painful periods that last an unusually long time. According to her gynecologist, Faye's condition is due to the fact that the lining of her uterus is growing in places other than the uterus. From the information provided, which of the following conditions would best characterize her symptoms?

endometriosis

the ___ is a long tube, around 6 meters or 20 feet in length, coiled into a small crescent-shaped region on the top and side of the testis

epididymis

Malia travels to Mangaia, an island in the south pacific. she discovers that in this culture, adolescents receive sexual instruction from older adults and are expected to have a range of sexual experiences before marriage. she recognizes how different these practices are from her own cultural norms and believes that hers are superior to those of mangaia. Malia is exemplifying

ethnocentrism

which of the following accurately lists the stages of sexual response, according to the Masters and Johnson model, in chronological order

excitement-> orgasm-> resolution

which of the following types of research studies permits the researcher to make causal inferences about the effects of the independent variable on the dependent variable

experiment

conception typically occurs in the outer third of the ____

fallopian tube

which of the following is not an institutional factor that contributes to sexual harassment in universities (and many other organizations)

female-dominated environments

which of these is emphasized in feminist theory

gender as status and inequality, sexuality, gender roles and socialization, intersectionality (all of the above)

what is the name of the region responsible for female ejaculation

gräfenberg spot

in the following examples, which of these kids is more likely to engage in early sex behaviors, according to the research

harry, who lives with his aunt and uncle and spends a lot of time watching TV as his parents are corporate lawyers and often are out of town

the glans clitoris and the glans penis are

homologous organs

the region of the brain that secretes gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is the

hypothalamus

lily watches a popular actress perform a certain dance for her lover in a movie. she decides to perform a similar dance to arouse her boyfriend, tom. right after the dance, tom displays his happiness and arousal by engaging in passionate sex with lily, which she enjoys. what is taking place in this situation

imitation, operant conditioning (a and c)

testosterone ____ sexual desire in women and ___ sexual desire in men

increases; increases

to meet official criteria for Pedophilic Disorder, an adult must have

intense fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors involving a child age 13 or younger for at least 6 months

which of the following is not one of the methods used to improve the accuracy of self-reports

intercoder reliability

which of the following is not true regarding the role of alcohol in sexual assault

intoxication is a legitimate defense for a man

which of the following statements is true of the sex-determining region, Y chromosome (SRY)

it is a gene related to the prenatal differentiation of the gonads

which of the following is true regarding consent for sexual activity

it requires a clear "yes" (not the absence of a "no"), it can be revoked at any time (A&B)

early testing of the birth control pill on poor women in puerto rico is an example of a violation of which ethical principle(s)

justice principle

which of the following characteristics is/are true of rapists compared to other men

lack of empathy, poor inhibition of aggressive impulses, may have experienced triggers such as being in war (all of the above)

which of the following cases falls under the category of cyberaffair

lisa and rahul met online and often share nude pictures or erotic messages with each other, sometimes leading to masturbation

Matthew is a 38-year-old cisgender man who has been married to Susan, a 37-year-old cisgender woman, with whom he has four children. they met and married while attending UW-Madison. Matthew and Susan had decided that they do not want to have any more children an are evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of different ways to prevent any future pregnancies. Matthew notes that he has three sick days banked and he could "take one for the team" and schedule a procedure to prevent further pregnancies. Susan reminds him that he would only need one day off and could save the other sick days for when the kids are sick. which form of contraception are they discussing?

male sterilization, or a vasectomy, where the vas deferens is tied or cut

what are some of the factors believed to contribute to date rape

male-female miscommunication, sexually aggressive men are likely to have a "suspicious schema" about women (a&b)

among Latinx, the cultural code that emphasizes virginity and the importance of motherhood is _______

marianismo

which of the following is an example of sexual behaviors in which not only humans, but also other species engage

masturbation, sexual signaling, same-gender sexual behavior, nonsexual uses of sexual behavior (all of the above)

moral panic is caused when

media broadcasts sensationalize stories based on one or two incidents, the media use headlines such as "suicide, sex" to create catchy headlines (both C and D)

children aged 5-6 years, were shown pictures of a boy cooking a meal and some other boys playing football. A week later, when asked to recall these pictures, most children remembered seeing a girl cooking and boys playing football. The error in the way they remember these pictures is a result of

memory distortion caused by the gender schema

jack has been displaying hostile behavior towards his father lately and tremendous love for his mother, which his parents find unusual. his parents can travel back in time and they take him to sigmund freud, who dismisses their concerns saying that the 5-year-old boy is merely going through ____

oedipal complex

which of the following are commonly considered to be advantage of the external condom

other than sterilization, external condoms are the only contraceptive option currently available to men, they are readily available at a wide array of stores, making them easy to purchase, they are highly effective in protecting against STIs that are transmitted through genital secretions, they are low cost, typically about $1 each (all of the above)

pads of fatty tissue, covered with pubic hair, lying along both sides of the vaginal opening

outer lips

___ are biochemicalas manufactured in the body that are secreted ____

pheromones; out of the body

the ___ is the mass of tissue lying beside the fetus that allows nutrients and oxygen to pass from the mother's blood to the fetus's blood

placenta

Tim, Lauren, and Shelby are in a relationship with each other. The three of them share sexual intimacy and a close loving bond. This type of relationship is referred to as _____.

polyamory

a movie depicting a women being raped could be considered ____, whereas a movie of two consenting adults having intercourse together could be considered ___

pornography; erotica

which of the following offenses associated with kiddie porn are criminalized in the US

producing photos or videos of children under 18 who are nude, in sexuality provocative poses, or engaging in sexual activity, selling, exchanging, or downloading these photos or videos, possession of these photos or videos (all of the above)

___ stimulates manufacture of milk by the mammary glands after a women has given birth to a child

prolactin

early symptoms of _____ cancer are frequent urination especially at night, difficulty in urination, and difficulty emptying the bladder

prostate

which of the following is true of the capacity of the human body to display a sexual response

reflex erections occur in male fetuses for several months before birth

cross-cultural studies of patterns of abortion have found which of the following

regardless of the extent of restrictions and prohibitions, some women in all cultures choose to seek and manage to obtain an abortion, the meaning of abortion is influenced by cultural factors such as beliefs about prenatal development, which life begins, and the degree to which large families are valued, political forces invariably influence the narrative around abortion, particularly the extent to which abortion is legal (all of the above)

social exchange theory states that we try to maximize ___ and. minimize ____ when we interact with others

rewards, costs

which of the following early sex researchers is correctly paired with their accomplishments

richard von krafft-ebing: specialized in the study of pathological sexuality

which of the following is true with regard to same-gender sexual behavior

same-gender sexual behavior is nearly universal across societies

while observing two people having sex, who would think the following: "what a typical sequence they follow--kissing, followed by petting, and finishing up with intercourse!"

script theorist

sarah is a sex researcher interested in studying a group of people's attitudes regarding polyamorous relationships. she develops and shares an online survey for participants to complete. what research methods did sarah use for her study

self-report

which of the following is true of sexual self-stimulation in children

self-stimulation is quite normal in children and does not indicate pathology

which of the following anatomical structures is responsible for spermatogenesis

seminiferous tubules

according to the American Psychological association (APA), ____ occurs when a person is sexually objectified

sexualization

Also known as the G spot, this anatomical structure has been shown to secrete fluid similar to male prostate fluid

skene's glands

when an individual who is transgender transitions in stages, what is the order of common sequence

social transition, medical transition, surgical transition

statement 1: during the climacteric, the vagina is more vulnerable to infections statement 2: decline in estrogen levels makes the vaginal walls more elastic during the climacteric

statement 1 is true, statement 2 is false

adrenarche

stimulates the production of sex hormones

which sex worker is at greater risk of disease and experiencing violence from customers, pimps, and police officers

streetwalker

the ____ is homologous to the ovary

testis

what trigger ovulation

the LH surge

which of the following is true of the development of the teenage brain

the areas for emotion develop earlier than the prefrontal cortex

in modified radical mastectomy

the breast and the underarm lymph bodes are removed

while filling out a form for admission to graduate school, Paula saw only two options under gender: male and female. Since neither of the options represented her gender identity, she became frustrated at the enforcement of _____.

the gender binary

which of the following is true of pregnancy tests

the most common pregnancy test is based on detecting human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in a women's urine

which of the following best explains the difference between the contraceptive perfect-user failure rate and the typical-user failure rate

the perfect failure rate refers to the failure rate of the contraceptive method is well-taught and used consistently and accurately. the typical failure rate is the failure rate based on how everyone else in society uses the method

what happens during third-stage labor

the placenta and fetal membranes are expelled

which of the following statements is not true regarding rape

the rate of rape is higher among college students than non students for individuals ages 18-24

which of the following statements is true of racial microaggressions in the United States?

they are frequently experienced by members of ethnic minorities

when researchers have studied teenage pregnancy in the United States, the following reason(s) is/are identified by youth to explain why they do not use contraceptives

they did not plan to have intercourse and thus did not have contraception available, they did not think they or their partner could get pregnant, they had difficulty obtaining contraception either due to lack of knowledge about where t obtain it or due a belief that contraception would be too expensive, they did not like to use a method such as a condom (all the above)

ezra is watching an erotic film with her partner and is becoming aroused. the glans of her clitoris is swelling and her nipples have become erect. according too the masters and johnson model, what basic physiological process(es) is ezra experiencing during this stage of the sexual response

vasocongestion, myotonia (a & b)

which of the following biases is associated with the problem of refusal or nonresponse

volunteer bias

in an experiment, psychologist Diane Ruble divided her sample into three experimental groups. she measured their reactions to being given different information about their menstrual cycles. The group that reported more water retention, pain, and changes in eating

was told they were "premenstrual" and their period was due in 1 or 2 days

maggie is a cisgender female who identifies as bisexual and is in a long-term relationship with adaline who also identifies as a cisgender bisexual female. for some time, they have been talking about having a third individual, a cisgender male, join them in intercourse. part of the discussion has been about contraception and safe sex if they were to proceed. both women are taking oral hormonal contraceptives; while both are using the pill fro reasons primarily unrelated to pregnancy prevention, they are both very consistent users and are closer to a "perfect user" than a "typical user" when considering failure rates. is there anything else they should consider

while they likely have a low risk of unplanned pregnancy, it would be important to have the male wear an external condom to reduce the risk of sexually transmitted infections for all three