Humanistic Psychotherapy

A 2009 survey of over 2,400 psychologists (Cook, Biyanova, & Coyne) found that ______ was the single most prominent figure in terms of influence on the way they practiced.

Carl Rogers

emotion-focused therapists encourage clients to

experience their feelings wholly and completely, and show them unconditional acceptance when they do so

Extent to which empathy, UPR, and genuineness are present correlates significantly with

success of therapeutic relationship and therapy

prizing

the warmth, love, and acceptance of those closest to us; also known as positive regard

positive regard

the warmth, love, and acceptance of those closest to us; also known as prizing

Riley accepts Jake "no matter what." In Rogerian terms, Riley is demonstrating ______.

unconditional positive regard

what % of clinical psychology graduate programs claim the humanistic approach

5%

who was the founder of gestalt therapy?

Fritz Perls

who developed motivational interviewing?

William Miller

Carl Rogers

pioneered the humanistic movement in psychology and its clinical application, humanistic therapy.

a key to the MI approach is that its practitioners don't

pressure clients to change because such tactics may backfire

true or false: rogers was the first modern scientist practitioner

true

Abraham Maslow

A pioneer of the humanistic approach to clinical psychology

______, a form of psychotherapy influenced by humanism, places great emphasis on clients' ability to overcome meaninglessness by creating their own meaning through the decisions they make.

Existential psychotherapy

central principles of motivational interviewing

Expressing empathy Developing the discrepancy Supporting self-efficacy

who developed existential therapy?

Rollo May, Victor Frankl, and Irvin Yalom

incongruence

a discrepancy between the real self and the ideal self; the source of psychopathology

reflection

a therapist response to a client involving a rephrase or restatement of the client's statements in a way that highlights the client's feelings or emotions

anxiety caused from extistentialism is the root of

all psychopathology

After controlling for researcher allegiance effects, Elliott's (2002) meta-analysis of humanistic therapy's effectiveness concluded that humanistic therapies ______.

are generally about as effective as the other major approaches to psychotherapy

Empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuineness are regarded by humanists as ______.

attitudes

who was the first to record their sessions?

carl rogers

existential psychotherapy

centers on the premise that each person is essentially alone in the world and that realization of this fact can cause overwhelming anxiety

congruence

consistency between the real self and the ideal self; the source of mental health

humanistic outcome research has

decreased recently

instead, motivational interviewers help clients see the

discrepancy between their behavior and their own values

Dr. Fulson provides a deep, nonjudgmental understanding of Mary's experiences, temporarily suspending his own point of view to better understand where she is coming from. Dr. Fulson is demonstrating ______.suspended.

empathy

emotionally focused therapy (EFT)

emphasizes the expression and acknowledgment of emotions that has garnered significant empirical evidence and popularity in recent years among individual and couples therapists

gestalt therapy

emphasizing a holistic approach to enhancing the client's current experience and often relying on the use of role-play techniques during therapy

Emotion-focused therapy techniques

empty chair technique

emotional focused therapy emphasized the

expression, acknowledgment, and healing power of emotions in the present moment, as well as emotions that may have been "bottled up" for a long time

Central principles of motivational interviewing include expressing disinterest, promoting argumentation, and confronting resistance.

false

Gestalt therapy centers on the premise that each person is essentially alone in the world and that realization of this fact can overwhelm us with anxiety.

false

The three key components of humanistic therapy are empathy, unconditional positive regard, and reassurance.

false

Gestalt therapy deemphasizes client's past experiences and

instead focus almost exclusively on the present moment (labeled as "the now")

efficacy of humanistic approaches

meta-analysis suggest it is beneficial, at about the same rate as most other major therapies

Recent research has determined that Rogers's three elements for successful psychotherapy are ______.

necessary but not sufficient

empathy

one of the three essential therapeutic conditions; the therapist's ability to sense the client's emotions just as the client would, to perceive and understand the events of the client's life in a compassionate way

Existential therapists place great emphasis on clients' abilities to

overcome meaninglessness by creating their own meaning through the decisions they make

what does more recent research suggest about Rogers' three essential therapeutic conditions?

probably necessary but not always sufficient

______, a therapist behavior endorsed by humanists, takes place when a therapist responds to a client by rephrasing or restating the client's statements in a way that highlights the client's feelings or emotions.

reflection

role of therapist in humanistic approaches

responds to a client by rephrasing or restating highlights the client's feelings or emotions communicated all three key ingredients (empathy, UPR, genuineness)

who was a pioneer of psychotherapy outcome research?

rogers

According to humanistic theory, each of us is guided toward personal growth via our ______. Psychological distress arises when ______ becomes conditional and overshadows personal growth.

self-actualizing tendency; positive regard

unconditional positive regard (UPR)

the full acceptance of another person without any conditions or stipulations

self-actualization

the inborn tendency to grow in a healthy way

Rogers argued that the three essential therapeutic conditions (empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuineness were

the only necessary techniques to facilitate growth and self-actualization

genuiness

the quality in the therapist of truthfulness, realness, or congruence, in contrast to playing the therapist role falsely

real self

the self that an individual actually experiences, in contrast to the ideal self

ideal self

the self that an individual could experience if he or she fulfilled his or her own potential, in contrast to the real self

conditions of worth

the stipulations that individuals may place on their positive regard of others

three essential therapeutic conditions

the three necessary and sufficient conditions that a therapist must provide for therapeutic benefit: empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuineness

motivational interviewing (MI)

therapists empathically help clients see the discrepancy between their behavior and their own values when they experience mixed feelings about making major changes

across different approaches, there are common factors that make

therapy successful

The main goal of humanistic psychotherapy is ______.

to foster self-actualization

what was motivation interviewing originally developed for?

to treat addictive behaviors

Among contemporary the therapies based on humanism, motivational interviewing is the leader in terms of empirical outcome data supporting its efficacy.

true

Martin Seligman is the leader of the positive psychology movement.

true

true or false: emotion-focused therapy is frequently used in couples therapy

true

true or false: motivational interviewing draws out client's motivation for change

true

positive psychology

A recent, growing movement within the mental health field that accentuates the strong and healthy rather than the pathological aspects of human behavior

humanistic therapy

An approach to psychotherapy deriving primarily from the theories of Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, emphasizing the tendency toward healthy growth within each individual