Humanistic Psychotherapy
A 2009 survey of over 2,400 psychologists (Cook, Biyanova, & Coyne) found that ______ was the single most prominent figure in terms of influence on the way they practiced.
Carl Rogers
emotion-focused therapists encourage clients to
experience their feelings wholly and completely, and show them unconditional acceptance when they do so
Extent to which empathy, UPR, and genuineness are present correlates significantly with
success of therapeutic relationship and therapy
prizing
the warmth, love, and acceptance of those closest to us; also known as positive regard
positive regard
the warmth, love, and acceptance of those closest to us; also known as prizing
Riley accepts Jake "no matter what." In Rogerian terms, Riley is demonstrating ______.
unconditional positive regard
what % of clinical psychology graduate programs claim the humanistic approach
5%
who was the founder of gestalt therapy?
Fritz Perls
who developed motivational interviewing?
William Miller
Carl Rogers
pioneered the humanistic movement in psychology and its clinical application, humanistic therapy.
a key to the MI approach is that its practitioners don't
pressure clients to change because such tactics may backfire
true or false: rogers was the first modern scientist practitioner
true
Abraham Maslow
A pioneer of the humanistic approach to clinical psychology
______, a form of psychotherapy influenced by humanism, places great emphasis on clients' ability to overcome meaninglessness by creating their own meaning through the decisions they make.
Existential psychotherapy
central principles of motivational interviewing
Expressing empathy Developing the discrepancy Supporting self-efficacy
who developed existential therapy?
Rollo May, Victor Frankl, and Irvin Yalom
incongruence
a discrepancy between the real self and the ideal self; the source of psychopathology
reflection
a therapist response to a client involving a rephrase or restatement of the client's statements in a way that highlights the client's feelings or emotions
anxiety caused from extistentialism is the root of
all psychopathology
After controlling for researcher allegiance effects, Elliott's (2002) meta-analysis of humanistic therapy's effectiveness concluded that humanistic therapies ______.
are generally about as effective as the other major approaches to psychotherapy
Empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuineness are regarded by humanists as ______.
attitudes
who was the first to record their sessions?
carl rogers
existential psychotherapy
centers on the premise that each person is essentially alone in the world and that realization of this fact can cause overwhelming anxiety
congruence
consistency between the real self and the ideal self; the source of mental health
humanistic outcome research has
decreased recently
instead, motivational interviewers help clients see the
discrepancy between their behavior and their own values
Dr. Fulson provides a deep, nonjudgmental understanding of Mary's experiences, temporarily suspending his own point of view to better understand where she is coming from. Dr. Fulson is demonstrating ______.suspended.
empathy
emotionally focused therapy (EFT)
emphasizes the expression and acknowledgment of emotions that has garnered significant empirical evidence and popularity in recent years among individual and couples therapists
gestalt therapy
emphasizing a holistic approach to enhancing the client's current experience and often relying on the use of role-play techniques during therapy
Emotion-focused therapy techniques
empty chair technique
emotional focused therapy emphasized the
expression, acknowledgment, and healing power of emotions in the present moment, as well as emotions that may have been "bottled up" for a long time
Central principles of motivational interviewing include expressing disinterest, promoting argumentation, and confronting resistance.
false
Gestalt therapy centers on the premise that each person is essentially alone in the world and that realization of this fact can overwhelm us with anxiety.
false
The three key components of humanistic therapy are empathy, unconditional positive regard, and reassurance.
false
Gestalt therapy deemphasizes client's past experiences and
instead focus almost exclusively on the present moment (labeled as "the now")
efficacy of humanistic approaches
meta-analysis suggest it is beneficial, at about the same rate as most other major therapies
Recent research has determined that Rogers's three elements for successful psychotherapy are ______.
necessary but not sufficient
empathy
one of the three essential therapeutic conditions; the therapist's ability to sense the client's emotions just as the client would, to perceive and understand the events of the client's life in a compassionate way
Existential therapists place great emphasis on clients' abilities to
overcome meaninglessness by creating their own meaning through the decisions they make
what does more recent research suggest about Rogers' three essential therapeutic conditions?
probably necessary but not always sufficient
______, a therapist behavior endorsed by humanists, takes place when a therapist responds to a client by rephrasing or restating the client's statements in a way that highlights the client's feelings or emotions.
reflection
role of therapist in humanistic approaches
responds to a client by rephrasing or restating highlights the client's feelings or emotions communicated all three key ingredients (empathy, UPR, genuineness)
who was a pioneer of psychotherapy outcome research?
rogers
According to humanistic theory, each of us is guided toward personal growth via our ______. Psychological distress arises when ______ becomes conditional and overshadows personal growth.
self-actualizing tendency; positive regard
unconditional positive regard (UPR)
the full acceptance of another person without any conditions or stipulations
self-actualization
the inborn tendency to grow in a healthy way
Rogers argued that the three essential therapeutic conditions (empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuineness were
the only necessary techniques to facilitate growth and self-actualization
genuiness
the quality in the therapist of truthfulness, realness, or congruence, in contrast to playing the therapist role falsely
real self
the self that an individual actually experiences, in contrast to the ideal self
ideal self
the self that an individual could experience if he or she fulfilled his or her own potential, in contrast to the real self
conditions of worth
the stipulations that individuals may place on their positive regard of others
three essential therapeutic conditions
the three necessary and sufficient conditions that a therapist must provide for therapeutic benefit: empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuineness
motivational interviewing (MI)
therapists empathically help clients see the discrepancy between their behavior and their own values when they experience mixed feelings about making major changes
across different approaches, there are common factors that make
therapy successful
The main goal of humanistic psychotherapy is ______.
to foster self-actualization
what was motivation interviewing originally developed for?
to treat addictive behaviors
Among contemporary the therapies based on humanism, motivational interviewing is the leader in terms of empirical outcome data supporting its efficacy.
true
Martin Seligman is the leader of the positive psychology movement.
true
true or false: emotion-focused therapy is frequently used in couples therapy
true
true or false: motivational interviewing draws out client's motivation for change
true
positive psychology
A recent, growing movement within the mental health field that accentuates the strong and healthy rather than the pathological aspects of human behavior
humanistic therapy
An approach to psychotherapy deriving primarily from the theories of Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, emphasizing the tendency toward healthy growth within each individual
