Hypovolemia and Hypervolemia
What may cause hypovolemia?
Diuretic therapy, fever, hemorrhage, NG drainage, vomiting and diarrhea
What are signs and symptoms of hypervolemia?
Heart rate increase, oulse bounding and rapid, BP increase, distended veins in neck and hands, pulmonary edema, heart failure, S2 gallop in heart, SOB, crackles and ascites
What causes hypervolemia?
Kidneys hold onto water and sodium
What is hypovolemia?
Loss of fluid; also called fluid volume deficit
How is hypovolemia treated?
Replace fluids and stop ongoing losses
How is hypervolemia treated?
Restriction of fluid and sodium, medications fr heart failure and diuretic. Give morphine and Nitroglycerin for pulmonary edema
What is hypervolemia?
Retention of fluid; also called fluid volume excess
What are signs and symptoms of hypovolemia?
Weight loss, orthostatic blood pressure, confused, irritable, dizziness, vomiting, extreme thirst, poor skin turgor, oliguria, rapid and thready pulse