Hypovolemia and Hypervolemia

What may cause hypovolemia?

Diuretic therapy, fever, hemorrhage, NG drainage, vomiting and diarrhea

What are signs and symptoms of hypervolemia?

Heart rate increase, oulse bounding and rapid, BP increase, distended veins in neck and hands, pulmonary edema, heart failure, S2 gallop in heart, SOB, crackles and ascites

What causes hypervolemia?

Kidneys hold onto water and sodium

What is hypovolemia?

Loss of fluid; also called fluid volume deficit

How is hypovolemia treated?

Replace fluids and stop ongoing losses

How is hypervolemia treated?

Restriction of fluid and sodium, medications fr heart failure and diuretic. Give morphine and Nitroglycerin for pulmonary edema

What is hypervolemia?

Retention of fluid; also called fluid volume excess

What are signs and symptoms of hypovolemia?

Weight loss, orthostatic blood pressure, confused, irritable, dizziness, vomiting, extreme thirst, poor skin turgor, oliguria, rapid and thready pulse