I love Girl Scout Salsa Mix

Giving half the members of a group some purported psychological finding and the other half an opposite finding is an easy way to demonstrate the impact of the placebo effect. confounding variables. hindsight bias. the double-blind procedure.

Hindsight bias

The release of gamma waves from radioactive blood sugar in different regions of the brain is detected by a(n) MRI scan. EEG. PET scan. fMRI.

PET scan.

Which theory suggests that dreams are mental responses to random bursts of neural stimulation? cognitive development theory memory consolidation theory activation-synthesis theory wish-fulfillment theory

activation-synthesis theory

A drug molecule that increases a neurotransmitter's action is called a(n) antagonist. endorphin. agonist. steroid.

agonist.

S. M. is a patient who has been called "the woman with no fear," even of being threatened with a gun. Her fearlessness is best attributed to damage to her pons. cerebellum. hypothalamus. amygdala.

amygdala.

Suspiciousness, convulsions, and cardiac arrest are aversive reactions most closely associate with the use of marijuana. cocaine. barbiturates. heroin.

cocaine.

Dr. Caleigh conducts research on the relationship between adults' language skills and their capacity to solve mathematical problems. Dr. Caleigh is most likely a _________ psychologist. cognitive biological clinical social

cognitive

If participants in the experimental group of a drug treatment study are much younger than participants in the control group, the age of the research participants is a dependent variable. correlation coefficient. confounding variable. replication.

confounding variable.

To assess the effectiveness of flu vaccine for county residents, Mr. Carlson wants to administer vaccine injections to all county residents rather than give half of them a placebo injection. Mr. Carlson is most clearly underestimating the importance of testing a large sample. operationally defining his procedures. replicating observations of other researchers. creating a control group.

creating a control group.

The transmission of customs for showing respect to those in positions of authority best illustrates the importance of functionalism. culture. introspection. behavior genetics.

culture.

Haley plans to take a couple of tablets of Ecstasy during a dance party that may last the entire night. One of the immediate dangers of using the drug at this even is increased appetite. dehydration. lethargy. pupil constriction.

dehydration.

Dr. Santaniello conducts research on how children's moral thinking changes as they grow older. It is most likely that Dr. Santaniello is a(n) ________ psychologist. social clinical developmental industrial-organizational

developmental

Infant rats deprived of their mothers' normal licking had more ________ that block access to the "on" switch for developing the brain's stress hormone receptors. self-regulating genes neurotransmitters genomes epigenetic molecules

epigenetic molecules

Critical thinking most clearly involves a biopsychosocial approach. introspection. evaluating evidence. the psychodynamic perspective.

evaluating evidence.

After suffering a trauma, people commonly report nightmares. One of the benefits of these nightmares is that they help prevent paradoxical sleep. reduce sleep apnea. increase REM rebound. extinguish daytime fears.

extinguish daytime fears.

The nature-nurture issue refers to the debate over the relative contributions that ________ make to the development of psychological traits. introspection and nerve cell activity unconscious and conscious motives behavior and mental processes genes and experience

genes and experience

Researchers use experiments rather than other research methods in order to isolate facts from theories. causes from effects. case studies from surveys. random samples from representative samples

Causes from effects

Severing a cat's reticular formation from higher brain regions causes the cat to become violently aggressive. cower in fear. experience convulsive seizures. lapse into a coma.

lapse into a coma.

Women who have been drinking alcohol become _______ disposed to causal sex, and men who have been drinking become ________ dispose to causal sex. less; more more; less less; less more; more

more; more

Several organisms from a strain of bacteria infecting hospital patients inherited a mutation that increased their resistance to the hospital's antibacterial drugs. Over time, the drug-resistant bacteria increasingly outnumbered the bacteria without the mutation. This best illustrates domestication. an epigenetic mark. natural selection. behavior genetics.

natural selection.

Efforts to discover whether the intelligence of children is more heavily influenced by their biology or their home environments are most directly relevant to the debate regarding structuralism and functionalism. conscious and unconscious thought. observation and introspection. nature and nurture.

nature and nurture.

Mrs. Alfieri believes that her husband's angry outbursts against her result from his unconscious hatred of his own mother. Mrs. Alfieri is looking at her husband's behavior from a(n) ________ perspective. evolutionary behavioral psychodynamic behavior genetics

psychodynamic

Which of the following is most useful for helping survey researchers avoid false generalizations? the case study naturalistic observation random sampling operational definitions

random sampling

Governor Donovan was greeted by large, enthusiastic crowds at all of his political rallies. As a result, he became overconfident about his chances of reelection. In this instance, the governor needs to be alerted to the value of replication. random sampling. experimental control. naturalistic observation.

random sampling.

Six of the children in Mr. Myers' class were born on exactly the same day. This strikes him as astonishing and improbable. In this instance, he should be reminded that random sequences of events often don't look random. events often seem more probable in hindsight. sampling extreme cases leads to false generalizations. correlation does not prove causation.

random sequences of events often don't look random.

While driving to work, John was so focused on his cell-phone conversation that he inadvertently drove through a red light and hit another vehicle. John's experience best illustrates the impact of blindsight. the popout phenomenon. the cocktail party effect. selective attention.

selective attention.

An African butterfly that is green in the summer turns brown in the fall thanks to a temperature-controlled genetic switch. This best illustrates that genes are dizygotic. self-regulating. epigenetic marks. protein molecules.

self-regulating.

Rodesia insists that Dr. Phillips' theory of aggression be checked against observable evidence. She is demonstrating the scientific attitude of pride. skepticism. practicality. enthusiasm.

skepticism.

The knee-jerk reflex is controlled by interneurons in the synaptic gap. spinal cord. sympathetic nervous system. parasympathetic nervous system.

spinal cord.

Some researchers believe that a reward deficiency syndrome contributes to schizophrenia. amygdala lesions. muscular paralysis. substance use disorders.

substance use disorders.

The circadian rhythm is influenced by light-sensitive retinal proteins that trigger signals to the suprachiasmatic nucleus. hippocampus. amygdala. brainstem.

suprachiasmatic nucleus.

To understand the unusual behavior of an adult client, a clinical psychologist carefully investigates the client's current life situation and his physical, social-cultural, and educational history. Which research method has the psychologist used? the survey the case study experimentation naturalistic observation

the case study

Which research method would be most appropriate for investigating the relationship between the religious beliefs of Americans and their attitudes toward abortion? the survey naturalistic observation the case study experimentation

the survey

Prolonged and excessive drinking can shrink the brain most intensely in ________ who have ________ of a stomach enzyme that digests alcohol. men; more women; more men; less women; less

women; less

Which of the following animals tend to sleep the least? giraffes dolphins cats bats

giraffes

Giving half the members of a group some purported psychological finding and the other half an opposite finding is an easy way to demonstrate the impact of the placebo effect. confounding variables. hindsight bias. the double-blind procedure.

hindsight bias.

Mike Crampton's stockbroker has informed him that he has suffered substantial investment losses. When Mike tells his wife, she angrily responds, "I could have told you that your investment plan would fail!" Her comment best illustrates hindsight bias. debriefing. the placebo effect. replication.

hindsight bias.

Environmental influences on personality traits are most clearly highlighted by comparing identical twins raised together with fraternal twins raised apart. identical twins raised together with fraternal twins raised together. identical twins raised apart with fraternal twins raised together. identical twins raised together with identical twins raised apart.

identical twins raised together with identical twins raised apart.

Crashes and near-crashes have been observed to ________ when teen drivers are reaching for a cell phone and to ________ when they are dialing a cell phone. neither increase nor decrease; neither increase nor decrease neither increase nor decrease; increase increase; neither increase nor decrease increase; increase

increase; increase

Looking inward and reporting your immediate sensations, images, and feelings is called cognitive neuroscience. introspection. behaviorism. humanistic psychology.

introspection.