IB Global Politics: Development articulation sentences from the pink book

Disadvantages of globalisation

Globalisation does not always lead to an equal distribution of benefits. For example, workers have to compete with workers in other countries and this places pressure on wages. This is good for corporate profits, but no for workers.

Impact of globalisation on culture

Globalisation has had an impact on global political interaction by reducing the potential for armed conflict, as national economies become increasingly dependent on other nation states.

Impact of globalisation on small scale farmers

Globalisation has placed pressure on small scale farmers. There have been negative effects for the rural population, which are different for men and women

Advantages of globalisation

Globalisation leads to access to a wider variety of ideas, products and services

India example for globalisation

Globalisation opened up the Indian rural economy. This meant Indian farmers, which were mostly small-scale, could access foreign technology and credit to improve their businesses. It also meant the could sell their products to more markets

North south divide

Countries in the Northern Hemisphere are considered more prosperous and powerful. Countries in the Southern Hemisphere have to obey rules set by those in the North and this can inhibit their development.

Dependency theory

Dependency theory explained that underdeveloped nations such could not copy Western nations in order to develop because they were being exploited by them. This lead underdeveloped countries to adopt extensive policies to protect their economies.

Impact of globalisation on private groups

Economic globalisation and cultural globalisation have had an impact on national and multinational corporations by increasing trade and investment opportunities, and spreading business ideas beyond a nation's borders.

The impact of globalisation

Economic globalisation has affected states by allowing the freer movement of capital, products and business ideas, and a greater access to cheaper labour.

Sustainability

Economic sustainability aims to reduce factors that threaten economic well being. Social sustainability aims to reduce factors that threaten human social well-being. Environmental sustainability aims to reduce factors that threaten environmental well being.

More complex measures of development

It is difficult to measure non-economic indicators of development. However the Human Development Index is a popular method of measurement

Modernisation theory

Modernisation theory is based on the example of industrialised Western countries and suggests there is only one way for a country to develop

Neoliberalism

Neoliberalism suggested that governments should not intervene in the economy, as the free market would allow for more competition and growth. SAPs were introduced to help indebted nations grow, but they were only beneficial for some countries.

Definitions of development

Scholars disagree on the correct definition of development, as it can be defined in economic, social, political or other terms

Impact of large scale businesses on small scale farmers

Small scale farmers are forced to compete with large scale farming corporations in a more open market with less government protection. This negatively affects wages.

Measuring development

The Gini coefficient and GNP per capita are two different ways of measuring a country's development based on their economic strength

The Washington Consensus

The Washington Consensus attempts to balance deregulation with a strong government who oversee the market

Types of globalisation

There are different types of globalisation: economic, political and cultural globalisation