inflammation, infection, and immunity
Ringworm is caused by
a fungus
it is now necessary to give two or more drugs to tuberculosis patients because
strains of bacteria resistant to drugs have developed
how much fluid is required by patients with infection?
2 liters/day
what percent of the population suffer from allergies of some sort?
20-25%
a diet for patients with infection?
high protein
the nurse is caring for patients with the following conditions. Which require contact precautions?
impetigo, wound infection, viral conjunctivitis
a nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has neutropenia as a result of radiation therapy for the treatment of lung cancer. Which of the following should the nurse plan to include in the teaching?
increase fluid intake by drinking bottled water
a nurse is caring for a client who has a respiratory infection. When the client asked how the position the nurse put him and can help, the nurse should explain that lying on his left side in Trendelenburg position helps mobilize secretions from which of the following lug segments?
lateral segment of right lower lobe
cells that are produced to clean up inflammatory debris are called?
neutrophils
a nurse is reinforcing teaching about Vancomycin with a client who has an infection. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
notify your provider If you experience any changes in your hearing
which type of patients are most susceptible to health care associated infections?
patients with AID's, cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
a common protozotal infection that occurs as an opportunistic infection in persons who are hiv-positive are
pneumocystis pneumonia
it is seldom possible to kill viruses because?
replication of the virus occurs within the host cell.
a nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who is immunocompromised. Which of the following instruction should the nurse include in the teaching?
restrict visitors with active infections, instruct the client to eat cooked Foods only
a nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has AIDS. Which of the following statement should the nurse make regarding home infection control?
soak sponges used for cleaning and a bleach solution after use
a nurse is caring for a client who has acute osteomyelitis. The client asks the nurse to explain how she developed infection. The nurse should respond that which of the following organisms is the most common cause?
staphylococcus aureus
common side effect of broad-spectrum antibiotic is
super infection
the overgrowth of a second microorganism that can cause illness following antibiotic therapy for one microorganism is called?
superinfection
the elimination of microorganisms from any object that comes in contact with the patient is called?
surgical asepsis
patient teaching for people undergoing hyperbaric oxygen therapy includes?
swallow first to prevent pressure buildup.
the nurse is reviewing common reportable diseases and a staff development program. Which are common reportable diseases?
syphilis, encephalitis, hepatitis
a nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has recently undergone a stem cell transplant. Which of the following isolation precautions should the nurse take?
the client is not permitted to have fresh flowers are potted plants.
many childhood illnesses such as measles are caused by
viruses
which is a sign of local infection?
warm skin
A 36-year-old female patient has MS which tissues and organs are affected?
white matter of brain and spinal cord
which of the following should the nurse recognize as a sign of possible infection and a post-operative client?
adventitious breath sounds, decreased level of Consciousness, oral temperature of 101 Fahrenheit
a nurse is collecting data from a client who has diabetes mellitus and reports foot pain. The nurse should evaluate the client for which of the following alterations as indications that the client has an infection?
an increase in neutrophils, localized edema
a nurse is caring for a preschooler who has epiglottitis from streptococcus infection. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
apply humidified oxygen via mask because this will help decrease inflammation and prevent hypoxia
a nurse in a provider's office is collecting data from a client who has systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) and takes hydroxychloroquine to reduce skin inflammation. The nurse should identify that which of the following is an adverse effect of this medication
blurred vision
in anaphylaxis, what is the effect of histamines?
bronchospasm
prostaglandins, histamines, and leukotrienes are examples of?
chemical mediators
which drug are used in the treatment of antiphylaxis?
diphenhydramine, corticosteroids, epinephrine
a nurse is collecting data from a client who has a urinary tract infection. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
dysuria, urinary frequency, hematuria
a nurse is collecting data from four clients who have wounds. The nurse should recognize that which of the following clients has a manifestation of a wound infection?
a client who has swelling and tenderness around the wound
a nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has neutropenia. Which of the following instruction should the nurse include in the teaching?
avoid crowded places do to suppress immune system
a nurse is caring for a client who has a wound infection. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when obtaining a wound drainage specimen for culture?
cleanse the world was 0.9% sodium chloride irrigation before obtaining the specimen
a nurse is caring for a client who has a wound infection that contains VRE. Which of the following types of precautions should the nurse plan to take while caring for this client?
contact
which type of precautions are used to prevent transmission of MRSA
contact
A hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that is anti-inflammatory is?
cortisol
a nurse is changing the dressing on a client's wound. The nurse should recognize that which of the following findings is an indication of a wound infection?
edema
which of the following are effects of histamine on the body when it is released during anaphylaxis?
edema, bronchospasm
a nurse is collecting data from a client who has obstruction and inflammation of the common bile duct due to cholelithiasis. Which of the following findings is expected for this condition?
fatty stools due to billiary obstruction
people with generalized infection become dehydrated because of?
fever and anorexia
any item that have been touched or cross-contaminated by the host, such as bed linens or side rails are
formites