Information Systems Ch 1 & 2 study guide questions
The term information is used to label a collection of facts that have been organized and processed, such as the height and weight of a patient, along with vital statistics of that patient. True/False
True
In terms of information systems, a company's Web conferencing software would be an example of ________. -an enterprise IS -an organizational complement -a personal IS -a group IS
a group IS
Which of the following best describes an organizational complement? -a key information system that allows an organization to achieve its goals -a key component that must be in place to ensure successful implementation and use of an information system -an enterprise information system that defines structured interactions among employees -all of these answers
a key component that must be in place to ensure successful implementation and use of an information system
Sun 'N Surf Swimwear has created a system for storing every piece of data about every one of its swimsuits in the production timeline. The design team can input and access information about each swimsuit's style, the manufacturing team can specify which procedures are in use, salespeople can input and access information about each swimsuit's sales history and availability, and even some external partners are allowed to access some data. What kind of a system is this? -a management information system -a decision support system -a corporate database -a knowledge management system
a knowledge management system
In terms of information systems, word-processing software would be an example of ________. -an enterprise IS -an organizational complement -a personal IS -a group IS
a personal IS
As of June 2015, approximately how many apps were available for devices running on each of the two major operating systems? -more than 2.5 million apps each -just under 1 million apps each -between 1.5 and 1.6 million apps each -approximately 1.1 million apps each
between 1.5 and 1.6 million apps each
Hadley designs and sells custom-made jewelry through an Etsy store. Sales data from previous years have shown her which colors and styles are selling the best and would therefore be smart investments for her next jewelry collection. Hadley is making her decisions based on _________. -business analytics -Etsy sales -a management information system -data science
business analytics
Which of the following activities is NOT part of the supply chain in a manufacturing organization? -marketing and sales -customer service -inbound logistics -human resources management
human resources management
Robotics, vision systems, natural language processing, and voice recognition systems are all examples of specialized information systems. True/False
True
Suppose a retail business has an unwritten rule that all incoming customers are greeted or acknowledged in some way. This is an example of organizational culture. True/False
True
System acquisition is the process used to obtain the information system resources so that the services necessary to meet a specific set of needs can be delivered. True/False
True
Systems analysts frequently consult with management and users. True/False
True
The Internet of Things connects ________. -objects that have connectivity capability -cell phones -laptops -people
objects that have connectivity capability
Lewin's Change Model states that an organization must deliberately change old habits, learn new work methods, and reinforce the new work methods as part of the job. True/False
true
Many TPS and MIS systems have failed because they were created with a "silo mentality," meaning that were not designed to share information or processes. True/False
true
In any organization, it is possible for information systems and solutions to be built and deployed by departments other than the information systems department, which is known as "siloed IT." True/False
False
Mobile commerce (m-commerce) is the use of desktop computers and web browsers to place orders and conduct business. True/False
False
One drawback to ERP software packages is that organizations must purchase and implement the entire package at one time. True/False
False
You might be an information systems worker if you _________. -prefer a fast-paced, dynamic work environment -are comfortable with meeting deadlines and solving unexpected challenges -serve as a translator between business needs and technology-based solutions -All of these answers
All of these answers
Which of the following statements is true about organizational learning? -Only a few organizations adapt to new conditions. -Organizations never adapt to new conditions. -All organizations adapt to new conditions. -Most organizations do not adapt to new conditions.
All organizations adapt to new conditions
Only organizations that manufacture products have value chains, not other organizations (e.g., those in the service industry). True/False
False
Organizations can have only one value chain. True/False
False
Outboarding is the process of hiring a firm in another country to perform a specific function on a company's behalf. True/False
False
Suppose you need to advise someone about getting a certification. Which of the following would NOT be an appropriate statement to make? -Certifications are the same as courses offered at universities. -Certifications may open the door to new career possibilities. -Certifications are a form of endorsement by the certifying authority. -Certifications are vendor-specific
Certifications are the same as courses offered at universities
"Unfreezing" is the second stage in Lewin's Change Model, which involves learning new work methods, behaviors, and systems. True/False
False
A company's intranet is a network based on Web technologies that allows select outsiders, such as business partners and customers, to access authorized company resources. True/False
False
A single set of hardware, software, databases, networks, people, and procedures that are configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data into information is known as a knowledge management system (KMS). True/False
False
A system that processes and records transactions is known as the management information system (MIS). True/False
False
Over the last 20 years, the Standish Group has been tracking the success rate of IS projects, and has found that 65 percent of multimillion-dollar projects fail, are late, come in over budget, or lack required features. True/False
False
Since the 1920s, computers have been used to perform common business applications. True/False
False
The gulf between those who do and do not have access to modern information and communications technology is described as the systems gap. True/False
False
Value chain management consists of activities that lead to getting the right product into the right consumer's hands in the right quantity at the right time at the right cost. True/False
False
When an organization uses cloud computing, it is required to buy and maintain expensive hardware. True/False
False
With communal computing, the service provider manages the IT infrastructure, while user organizations (called tenants) access slices of shared resources via the Internet. True/False
False
As a manager of a virtual team, which of the following will NOT be your responsibility? -Ensure that team members get to know each other on a personal level -Gather team members at the office for regular meetings, whether the team members like it or not -Set expectations and define goals -Be aware of team members' cultural sensitivity
Gather team members at the office for regular meetings, whether the team members like it or not
Shortages in the skilled IT workforce in the USA are sometimes overcome by hiring workers on _____ visas from foreign lands. -4F -G-5 -L-1 -H-1B
H-1B
According to Lewin and Schein's three-stage model of organizational change, which of the following tasks would be found in the "refreezing" stage? -Provide ongoing feedback -Motivate individuals involved or affected -Monitor progress against success criteria -Define objectives, success criteria, resources, schedule, and budget
Monitor progress against success criteria
_____ make up the most important element in computer-based information systems. -Standard operating procedures -People -Databases -Software applications
People
A sustaining innovation involves enhancements to existing products, services, and ways of operating. True/False
True
Among other tasks, a senior IS manager communicates with the rest of the organization to determine changing business needs. True/False
True
An information system (IS) is a set of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and disseminate data and information. True/False
True
Components of a computer-based information system include people, such as the CIO (chief information officer), and procedures, like travel reimbursements. True/False
True
Electronic business (e-business) includes e-commerce and e-procurement. Businesses use the Internet to perform business-related tasks and functions in e-business. True/False
True
For someone to be a good CIO, she must be a visionary who would provide direction and leadership to the IS department. True/False
True
Today's organizations prefer enterprise resources planning (ERP) systems because they support routine business processes, maintain records about those processes, and provide extensive reporting and data analysis capabilities, all of which can be shared across the entire organization. True/False
True
Today, most organizations cannot function or compete effectively without computer-based information systems. True/False
True
When you sell textbooks to another student through an online auction site such as eBay.com, you are involved in e-commerce. True/False
True
Without a database, most computer-based information systems are not of much use. True/False
True
An organization is said to be in _____________ when the IS organization and its resources are focused on efforts that support the key objectives defined in the managers' strategic plan for the business. -development -alignment -construction -compliance
alignment
Why do we view the contemporary information systems as an integral part of the supply chain management process? Because they ___________. -aid in product transformation -are a means of producing output -are a means of providing input into the process -all of these
all of these
Which of the following is (are) considered a transaction in an information system? -Withdrawing money from a bank account -Enrolling in a college course -Paying a credit card bill -All of these answers
all of these answers
Which of the following tasks is (are) typically associated with the systems analyst role? -conveying system requirements to software developers and network architects -frequently consulting with management and users -assisting in choosing and configuring hardware and software, matching technology to users' needs -all of these answers
all of these answers
Hardware consists of computer equipment that is used to perform all of the following activities EXCEPT: -storage -analysis -input -processing
analysis
Some authoritarian regimes limit citizens' use of certain keywords in search engine searches, which is a form of ___________. -cyberterrorism -cyberoppression -cybercrime -censorship
censorship
If you are using _____ as a form of organizational design, you would constantly seek ways to improve business processes and add value to products and services. -disruptive change -process redesign -reengineering -continuous improvement
continuous improvement
Last week Ken and Consuela used their computer programming skills to illegally gain access to the local library's patron database. They stole the patrons' names and addresses, and they're now using this information to promote their products. Ken and Consuela are _________. -end users -cybercriminals -cyberterrorists -all of these
cybercriminals
Jonathan works at a nationally known grocery store chain that would like to start producing its own store brand of select items. He is analyzing sales data from the past five years to determine which nationally branded products are the best sellers. Jonathan is most likely a(n) ________. data scientist top executive knowledge worker end user
data scientist
Which of the following functions is NOT a direct application of a knowledge management system? -designing information systems -locating knowledge sources -storing and retrieving knowledge -improving collaboration
designing information systems
The ______ theory explains how a new idea or product gains acceptance and spreads through a specific population or subset of an organization. -public choice -two-factor -diffusion of innovation -contingency
diffusion of innovation
The cell phone industry has gone through ________ because with each new version, the quality is vastly improved and features are more numerous. -disruptive innovations -business reengineering -sustaining innovations -continuous improvement
disruptive innovations
Which of the following methods is NOT appropriate in seeking a new IS job? -networking through an IS professionals' organization -searching and applying for open positions on Internet job sites -seeking referrals from colleagues, friends, and family members -embellishing a resume with misleading information
embellishing a resume with misleading information
Important functions of the chief information officer include _______. -correcting users' mistakes during data entry -debugging particularly difficult programming -employing an IS department's equipment and staff to help the organization reach its goals -providing leadership to the marketing and sales departments
employing an IS department's equipment and staff to help the organization reach its goals
Which of the following is NOT a positive outcome of reengineering? -greater customer satisfaction -higher revenues -expanded delivery time -increased quality
expanded delivery time
Everyday operations are managed only by the information systems security analyst. True/False
false
In Lewin's force field analysis, driving forces are those that make it difficult for people to accept or implement change.
false
You can use email to access cloud computing capabilities. True/False
false
A clothing store chain tracks the sale of each product at each location. The ______ of the information permits the managers to use this information to calculate the organization's profits, track inventory needs, and determine which styles and fabrics are the most popular among its customers. -completeness -accuracy -flexibility -accessibility
flexibility
The information organizations use is not always accurate. Poor quality information can be of little value. Thus, the value of information can directly impact the organization's ability to reach its _____. -cost reduction initiatives -customer satisfaction levels -cost/profit target -goals
goals
Which of the following is NOT one of the driving forces behind the dramatic increase in the use of smartphones? -growing use of social media -more apps and games -lower prices of smartphones -longer battery life
growing use of social media
Suppose you work at a business unit that has a group of people who would take risks and would like to be the first to try new ideas and products. They would be classified as the _________. -early majority -late majority -innovators -early adopters
innovators
According to the diffusion of innovation theory, the _____ are very conservative and highly skeptical of change. -early adopters -late majority -early majority -laggards
laggards
Which of these systems would be used to provide monthly production figures to a production manager? -transaction processing system (TPS) -management information system (MIS) -decision support system (DSS) -enterprise resource planning (ERP) system
management information system (MIS)
Diego and Mary Ann are seeking _________, available for free, so they can change and improve it. -a simulation system -open source software -an app -an operating system
open source software
In most large organizations, the IS department is divided into the following three functions: -budgeting, technology, and support -systems, operations, and integration -operations, research, and development -operations, development, and support
operations, development, and support
In a supply chain, the transformation, movement, and storage of supplies and raw materials are known collectively as _________. -information flows -physical flows -virtual flows -matrix flows
physical flows
All of the following are potential benefits to outsourcing EXCEPT: -greater focus on core business. -potential for data breaches. -better flexibility and control. -fewer tasks for human resources management.
potential for data breaches.
Downsizing involves ________. -reducing the number of -employees to cut costs -paying lower wages to your employees -having an outside company do the work for you -hiring an offshore business to manage some operations
reducing the number of employees to cut costs
The process of converting data to information involves creating _________ among the data elements. -relationships -similarity -coherence -uniformity
relationships
Managing the set of activities from acquisition of raw materials through delivery of finished goods to customers is known as _____. -inventory management -customer management -supply chain management -value chain management
supply chain management
_____ are responsible for running and maintaining information system equipment and also for scheduling, hardware maintenance, and preparing input and output. -LAN operators -VPN operators -System operators -Data-entry operators
system operators
An organization's ________________ includes all the hardware, software, databases, networks, people, and procedures that are configured to collect, manipulate, store and process data into information. -technology infrastructure -data structure -information system -knowledge management system
technology infrastructure
In a large IS organization, the professional who is responsible for the maintenance and operation of the organization's computing facilities that may house a variety of hardware devices, is called ________. -the system security operator -the information systems security analyst -the data center manager -the data security manager
the data center manager
Which of the following is NOT an ethical issue related to data and information systems? -freedom of expression vs. censorship -job losses due to humanlike technologies -the high cost of system development -invasion of privacy through technology
the high cost of system development
An individual's attitude towards a system depends on whether he perceives the system to be useful and easy to learn. True/False
true
An organization's goal and its approach to management influence its structure. True/False
true
In the beginning computers were used to automate manual processes, but now they have transformed the nature of work and the shape of organizations themselves. True/False
true
Net neutrality is the principle that Internet service providers should be required to treat all Internet traffic running over their wired and wireless broadband networks the same, without favoring content from some sources and/or blocking or slowing content from others. True/False
true
The implementation of change will not be successful if users are either satisfied with the status quo or do not believe it will improve productivity and/or customer satisfaction. True/False
true
Traditionally, information systems were used to control and monitor processes and ensure effectiveness and efficiency. True/False
true
Usability and strong user-interface design are key factors in delivering apps that business users will adopt and use. True/False
true
When organizational learning occurs, it can lead to a radical redesign or small, incremental adjustments. True/False
true
Systems development is the activity of building information systems to meet the ________ needs. customers' users' CIO's IT department's
users'
Providing ____ to a stakeholder is the primary goal of any organization. -opportunities -fame -value -service
value