Insecticides

Drugs used for treatement of organophosphate toxicity?

atropine and 2-pam

Amitraz collars should never be used in ______________

cats and horses

MOA of Chlorinated hydrocarbons?

diphenyl aliphatics interfere with sodium channels in nerve membranes causing CNS stimulation and seizures

Rotenone is extremely toxic to ________________

fish and cold blooded animals

What will you see on a biochemistry panel in an animal w/amitraz toxicosis?

hyperglycemia

MOA of pyrethrins?

knock-down effect: delays closure of sodium ion channels in the axonal membrane

Which two organophates are antagonistic?

malathion and parathion

Drugs used to treat ivermectin toxicosis?

physostigmine, Picrotoxin (neither recommended due to side effects, narrow safety margin)

Death in high exposure case of organophosphates is due to?

respiratory failure

When testing for organophospates which samples should be admitted?

stomach or rumen contents

Collies will show clinical signs from invermectin administerd at a dose how many times the therapeutic dose?

15-30

Which insecticide is most persistent in the environment?

Chlorinated hydocarbons

_________ is combined with fenvalerate as an insect repellent

Deet

T/F: 2-pam is an effective treatment for carbamate toxicosis.

False

T/F: Succinylchloine, phenothiazine and procain decrease toxicity of organophosphates

False

MOA of ivermectin?

GABA agonist

What is the MOA of organophosphates?

Irreversible inhibition of cholinesterases

Which two organophosphates are synergistic?

Malathion and coumaphos

What two compounds increase Amitraz toxicity?

Meperidine or sympathomimentic amines

Which insecticide toxicity may cause hemolytic anemia and methemoglobnemia? What should be used to treat it?

Napthalene, Vit C, not methelyene blue

For which toxicity can mecamylamine be used to treat in early cases?

Nicotine

Which insecticide has a tetratogenic effect in sows?

Nicotine

Vehicles like organic solvent, oils or sticking agents increase toxicity in which pesticide?

Organophophates

What compound is added to pyrethrins as a synergist?

Piperonyl butoxide

Which insecticide causes only acute toxicity?

Pyrethrins/Pyrethroids

Which insecticide is more toxic via inhalaion than ingesion?

Rotenone

T/F: Carbamate toxicity looks identical to OP toxicity.

True

T/F: Muscle relaxants and neuromuscular blockers increase toxicity of organophosphates.

True

T/F: Rotenone undergoes lethal synthesis.

True

D-Limonone causes ________.

Vasodialation