Insecticides
Drugs used for treatement of organophosphate toxicity?
atropine and 2-pam
Amitraz collars should never be used in ______________
cats and horses
MOA of Chlorinated hydrocarbons?
diphenyl aliphatics interfere with sodium channels in nerve membranes causing CNS stimulation and seizures
Rotenone is extremely toxic to ________________
fish and cold blooded animals
What will you see on a biochemistry panel in an animal w/amitraz toxicosis?
hyperglycemia
MOA of pyrethrins?
knock-down effect: delays closure of sodium ion channels in the axonal membrane
Which two organophates are antagonistic?
malathion and parathion
Drugs used to treat ivermectin toxicosis?
physostigmine, Picrotoxin (neither recommended due to side effects, narrow safety margin)
Death in high exposure case of organophosphates is due to?
respiratory failure
When testing for organophospates which samples should be admitted?
stomach or rumen contents
Collies will show clinical signs from invermectin administerd at a dose how many times the therapeutic dose?
15-30
Which insecticide is most persistent in the environment?
Chlorinated hydocarbons
_________ is combined with fenvalerate as an insect repellent
Deet
T/F: 2-pam is an effective treatment for carbamate toxicosis.
False
T/F: Succinylchloine, phenothiazine and procain decrease toxicity of organophosphates
False
MOA of ivermectin?
GABA agonist
What is the MOA of organophosphates?
Irreversible inhibition of cholinesterases
Which two organophosphates are synergistic?
Malathion and coumaphos
What two compounds increase Amitraz toxicity?
Meperidine or sympathomimentic amines
Which insecticide toxicity may cause hemolytic anemia and methemoglobnemia? What should be used to treat it?
Napthalene, Vit C, not methelyene blue
For which toxicity can mecamylamine be used to treat in early cases?
Nicotine
Which insecticide has a tetratogenic effect in sows?
Nicotine
Vehicles like organic solvent, oils or sticking agents increase toxicity in which pesticide?
Organophophates
What compound is added to pyrethrins as a synergist?
Piperonyl butoxide
Which insecticide causes only acute toxicity?
Pyrethrins/Pyrethroids
Which insecticide is more toxic via inhalaion than ingesion?
Rotenone
T/F: Carbamate toxicity looks identical to OP toxicity.
True
T/F: Muscle relaxants and neuromuscular blockers increase toxicity of organophosphates.
True
T/F: Rotenone undergoes lethal synthesis.
True
D-Limonone causes ________.
Vasodialation