Integument System Unit 3 Exam

People who produce a lot of melanin have a skin tone that is ________.

brown

The "tanning" effect (darkening of the skin) that occurs when a person is exposed to the sun is due to ________.

melanin

Which membrane is constructed of a visceral and parietal layer?

serous

Hypodermis

subcutaneous tissue

Which vitamin is synthesized by the skin?

vitamin D

What skin disorder is recognized using the ABCD rule?

melanoma

Upper layer of the dermis that forms dermal papillae

papillary layer of dermis

The layer of the serous membrane that covers an organ is known as the ________ layer.

visceral

Which organic compound is produced by skin cells?

vitamin D

Which of the following conditions is most likely to result in permanent hair loss?

a family history of baldness

Which of the following is an indication of melanoma?

a pigmented spot that contains areas of different colors

infection of the sebaceous gland and the formation of pimples

acne

A genetic switch turns on male pattern baldness in response to ________.

age

"Goosebumps" are caused by contractions of the ________.

arrector pili muscles

Hairs are found associated with the ________.

axillary region

malignancy of the lowest epidermal layer

basal cell carcinoma

Sebum is responsible for all of the following except ________.

body temperature regulation

inflammation of hair follicles and sebaceous glands

boils and carbuncles

The secretion of sweat is stimulated ________.

both by high temperatures and by hormones, especially male hormones

Which of the following homeostatic imbalances is caused by a herpes simplex infection?

cold sores

The two main layers of skin are ________.

epidermis and dermis

The sebaceous and sweat glands associated with the skin are classified as ________ glands because they release secretions to the skin's surface via ducts.

exocrine

burn in which only the epidermis becomes red and swollen

first degree burn

The Staphylococcus infection of the skin that causes pink, water-filled, raised lesions is known as ________.

impetigo

staphylococcus bacterial infection causing water-filled lesions, commonly around the mouth and nose

impetigo

Synovial fluid reduces friction ________.

in movable joints such as the knee

What is the function of epidermal dendritic cells?

ingest foreign substances and activate the immune system

The skin and its derivatives (nails, glands, and hairs) form the ________.

integumentary system

Which of the following abnormal skin colors results from liver disorders?

jaundice

Although you get wet while swimming, a tough protein within the skin prevents it from soaking up moisture like a sponge. This substance is ________.

keratin

Nails are composed of ________.

keratin

Cell commonly found in the epidermis that produces keratin

keratinocyte

Where are mucous membranes found?

lining the inside of the stomach

Which effect of aging is accelerated by smoking and sun exposure?

loss of skin elasticity

The white crescent area located over the nail matrix is called the ________.

lunule

cancer of melanocytes

malignant melanoma

Hair color is due to a pigment known as ________.

melanin

The three pigments that contribute to skin color are ________, ________, and ________.

melanin; carotene; hemoglobin

Cell that produces a pigment known as melanin

melanocyte

Which type of skin cancer the least common but is the cause of most skin-cancer-related deaths?

melanoma

The secretions of the eccrine glands are ________.

mostly water, sodium chloride, and trace amounts of wastes, lactic acid, and vitamin C

Type of membrane adapted for absorption or secretion.

mucous membrane

Type of membrane that lines open body cavities.

mucous membrane

Which cavity would be lined with a mucous membrane?

oral cavity

Fingerprints and footprints in the epidermis are created by dermal papillae present in the ________.

papillary layer of the dermis

Under which of the following conditions would a decubitus ulcer form?

prolonged bed rest after a severe back injury

Acne is an infection of the __________ glands.

sebaceous

Which of the following kills bacteria and prevents bacterial invasions of the skin?

sebum

In attempting to extinguish a stove fire, Renaldo burned his hands. The burned areas blistered and were red and painful. Renaldo experienced __________-degree burns.

second

The type of burn that involves injury to the epidermis and the upper region of the dermis and is red, blistered, and painful is termed as a ________-degree burn.

second

The pleura and pericardium are examples of ________ membranes that cover organs in a body cavity closed to the exterior.

serous

Peritoneum, pericardium, and pleura are examples of this type of membrane

serous membrane

Type of membrane that contains a visceral and a parietal layer.

serous membrane

Type of membrane that secretes fluids around organs

serous membrane

What type of membrane provides lubrication to the pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal cavities?

serous membrane

The part of a hair that projects from the surface of the scalp or skin is called the ________.

shaft

cancer of stratum spinosum cells

squamous cell carcinoma

The epidermis is composed of ________.

stratified squamous epithelium

What type of tissue makes up the epidermis of the skin?

stratified squamous epithelium

A splinter penetrates to the deepest layer of the epidermis on your foot. This layer is the ________.

stratum basale

Deepest layer of the epidermis that is situated closest to the dermis

stratum basale

Superficial layer of the epidermis made of 20-30 cell layers of dead, keratin-filled cells

stratum corneum

Which layer of the epidermis contains the greatest concentration of keratin?

stratum corneum

The layer of the epidermis in which cells die because of their inability to get nutrients and oxygen is the clear layer called ________.

stratum lucidum

Jan got her microscope slides mixed up in lab as they were unlabeled. The slide with abundant adipose tissue should be labeled as the ________.

subcutaneous tissue

The ________ membrane lines the fibrous capsule surrounding joints.

synovial

Type of membrane that lines the fibrous capsules surrounding joints.

synovial membrane

Which membrane is composed of areolar connective tissue and NOT an epithelial tissue?

synovial membrane

Which of the following is a connective tissue membrane?

synovial membrane

In order to warm the body up when cold ________.

the arrector pili muscles contract to stand hairs upright

full thickness burn of the skin in which the skin becomes blackened or blanched (gray-white)

third degree burn

What type of burn damages the skin so severely that regeneration of the damaged tissue is NOT possible?

third-degree burn

How is the rule of nines used by a clinician?

to estimate fluid lost by the body by determining the extent of burns

A physician estimates the volume of fluid lost in a severely burned patient by ________.

using the "rule of nines"

The white, cheesy-looking substance that is produced by the sebaceous glands and protects a baby's skin while it is floating in its water-filled sac inside the mother is called ________.

vernix caseosa

The deepest layer of the serous membrane covering the outer surface of the heart is the ________.

visceral pericardium

A needle pierces through the epidermal layers of the forearm in the following order: 1. stratum basale 2. stratum corneum 3. stratum granulosum 4. stratum spinosum

2, 3, 4, 1

Which of the following letters in the ABCD rule for recognizing melanomas is incorrect?

D stands for diagnosis

Which of these statements describes the papillary layer of the skin?

Dermal papillae contain capillary loops to nourish the epidermis.

virus that produces cold sores

Herpes simplex

Which of the following is a vital function of the skin?

It converts modified epidermal cholesterol to vitamin D.

Cell responsible for alerting and activating an immune response to a bacterial or viral invasion

epidermal dendritic cell

Because fair-skinned George suffers from frequent sunburns and he has tested positive for the herpes simplex virus, he is at a high risk for having an outbreak of herpes simplex. In spite of the high risk, George does not have herpes simplex outbreaks. George is protected by very active __________.

epidermal dendritic cells

What causes hair to stand up and the skin to dimple when one is cold or frightened?

contraction of arrector pili muscles

The outermost layer of the epidermis is keratinized and known as stratum ________.

corneum

The only dry membrane is the ________.

cutaneous membrane

Type of membrane that forms the skin.

cutaneous membrane

Mountain climbers frequently experience a bluing of the skin at elevations above 2,500 meters. This bluing of the skin is known as __________.

cyanosis

What condition occurs when hemoglobin is deprived of oxygen?

cyanosis

dry, dead flakes of stratum corneum

dandruff

skin inflammation

dermatitis

Nutrients reach the surface of the skin (epidermis) through the process of ________.

diffusion

The type of gland responsible for body temperature regulation is the ________ gland.

eccrine (sweat or sudoriferous)

Which glands play a role in thermoregulation?

eccrine glands