Integument System Unit 3 Exam
People who produce a lot of melanin have a skin tone that is ________.
brown
The "tanning" effect (darkening of the skin) that occurs when a person is exposed to the sun is due to ________.
melanin
Which membrane is constructed of a visceral and parietal layer?
serous
Hypodermis
subcutaneous tissue
Which vitamin is synthesized by the skin?
vitamin D
What skin disorder is recognized using the ABCD rule?
melanoma
Upper layer of the dermis that forms dermal papillae
papillary layer of dermis
The layer of the serous membrane that covers an organ is known as the ________ layer.
visceral
Which organic compound is produced by skin cells?
vitamin D
Which of the following conditions is most likely to result in permanent hair loss?
a family history of baldness
Which of the following is an indication of melanoma?
a pigmented spot that contains areas of different colors
infection of the sebaceous gland and the formation of pimples
acne
A genetic switch turns on male pattern baldness in response to ________.
age
"Goosebumps" are caused by contractions of the ________.
arrector pili muscles
Hairs are found associated with the ________.
axillary region
malignancy of the lowest epidermal layer
basal cell carcinoma
Sebum is responsible for all of the following except ________.
body temperature regulation
inflammation of hair follicles and sebaceous glands
boils and carbuncles
The secretion of sweat is stimulated ________.
both by high temperatures and by hormones, especially male hormones
Which of the following homeostatic imbalances is caused by a herpes simplex infection?
cold sores
The two main layers of skin are ________.
epidermis and dermis
The sebaceous and sweat glands associated with the skin are classified as ________ glands because they release secretions to the skin's surface via ducts.
exocrine
burn in which only the epidermis becomes red and swollen
first degree burn
The Staphylococcus infection of the skin that causes pink, water-filled, raised lesions is known as ________.
impetigo
staphylococcus bacterial infection causing water-filled lesions, commonly around the mouth and nose
impetigo
Synovial fluid reduces friction ________.
in movable joints such as the knee
What is the function of epidermal dendritic cells?
ingest foreign substances and activate the immune system
The skin and its derivatives (nails, glands, and hairs) form the ________.
integumentary system
Which of the following abnormal skin colors results from liver disorders?
jaundice
Although you get wet while swimming, a tough protein within the skin prevents it from soaking up moisture like a sponge. This substance is ________.
keratin
Nails are composed of ________.
keratin
Cell commonly found in the epidermis that produces keratin
keratinocyte
Where are mucous membranes found?
lining the inside of the stomach
Which effect of aging is accelerated by smoking and sun exposure?
loss of skin elasticity
The white crescent area located over the nail matrix is called the ________.
lunule
cancer of melanocytes
malignant melanoma
Hair color is due to a pigment known as ________.
melanin
The three pigments that contribute to skin color are ________, ________, and ________.
melanin; carotene; hemoglobin
Cell that produces a pigment known as melanin
melanocyte
Which type of skin cancer the least common but is the cause of most skin-cancer-related deaths?
melanoma
The secretions of the eccrine glands are ________.
mostly water, sodium chloride, and trace amounts of wastes, lactic acid, and vitamin C
Type of membrane adapted for absorption or secretion.
mucous membrane
Type of membrane that lines open body cavities.
mucous membrane
Which cavity would be lined with a mucous membrane?
oral cavity
Fingerprints and footprints in the epidermis are created by dermal papillae present in the ________.
papillary layer of the dermis
Under which of the following conditions would a decubitus ulcer form?
prolonged bed rest after a severe back injury
Acne is an infection of the __________ glands.
sebaceous
Which of the following kills bacteria and prevents bacterial invasions of the skin?
sebum
In attempting to extinguish a stove fire, Renaldo burned his hands. The burned areas blistered and were red and painful. Renaldo experienced __________-degree burns.
second
The type of burn that involves injury to the epidermis and the upper region of the dermis and is red, blistered, and painful is termed as a ________-degree burn.
second
The pleura and pericardium are examples of ________ membranes that cover organs in a body cavity closed to the exterior.
serous
Peritoneum, pericardium, and pleura are examples of this type of membrane
serous membrane
Type of membrane that contains a visceral and a parietal layer.
serous membrane
Type of membrane that secretes fluids around organs
serous membrane
What type of membrane provides lubrication to the pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal cavities?
serous membrane
The part of a hair that projects from the surface of the scalp or skin is called the ________.
shaft
cancer of stratum spinosum cells
squamous cell carcinoma
The epidermis is composed of ________.
stratified squamous epithelium
What type of tissue makes up the epidermis of the skin?
stratified squamous epithelium
A splinter penetrates to the deepest layer of the epidermis on your foot. This layer is the ________.
stratum basale
Deepest layer of the epidermis that is situated closest to the dermis
stratum basale
Superficial layer of the epidermis made of 20-30 cell layers of dead, keratin-filled cells
stratum corneum
Which layer of the epidermis contains the greatest concentration of keratin?
stratum corneum
The layer of the epidermis in which cells die because of their inability to get nutrients and oxygen is the clear layer called ________.
stratum lucidum
Jan got her microscope slides mixed up in lab as they were unlabeled. The slide with abundant adipose tissue should be labeled as the ________.
subcutaneous tissue
The ________ membrane lines the fibrous capsule surrounding joints.
synovial
Type of membrane that lines the fibrous capsules surrounding joints.
synovial membrane
Which membrane is composed of areolar connective tissue and NOT an epithelial tissue?
synovial membrane
Which of the following is a connective tissue membrane?
synovial membrane
In order to warm the body up when cold ________.
the arrector pili muscles contract to stand hairs upright
full thickness burn of the skin in which the skin becomes blackened or blanched (gray-white)
third degree burn
What type of burn damages the skin so severely that regeneration of the damaged tissue is NOT possible?
third-degree burn
How is the rule of nines used by a clinician?
to estimate fluid lost by the body by determining the extent of burns
A physician estimates the volume of fluid lost in a severely burned patient by ________.
using the "rule of nines"
The white, cheesy-looking substance that is produced by the sebaceous glands and protects a baby's skin while it is floating in its water-filled sac inside the mother is called ________.
vernix caseosa
The deepest layer of the serous membrane covering the outer surface of the heart is the ________.
visceral pericardium
A needle pierces through the epidermal layers of the forearm in the following order: 1. stratum basale 2. stratum corneum 3. stratum granulosum 4. stratum spinosum
2, 3, 4, 1
Which of the following letters in the ABCD rule for recognizing melanomas is incorrect?
D stands for diagnosis
Which of these statements describes the papillary layer of the skin?
Dermal papillae contain capillary loops to nourish the epidermis.
virus that produces cold sores
Herpes simplex
Which of the following is a vital function of the skin?
It converts modified epidermal cholesterol to vitamin D.
Cell responsible for alerting and activating an immune response to a bacterial or viral invasion
epidermal dendritic cell
Because fair-skinned George suffers from frequent sunburns and he has tested positive for the herpes simplex virus, he is at a high risk for having an outbreak of herpes simplex. In spite of the high risk, George does not have herpes simplex outbreaks. George is protected by very active __________.
epidermal dendritic cells
What causes hair to stand up and the skin to dimple when one is cold or frightened?
contraction of arrector pili muscles
The outermost layer of the epidermis is keratinized and known as stratum ________.
corneum
The only dry membrane is the ________.
cutaneous membrane
Type of membrane that forms the skin.
cutaneous membrane
Mountain climbers frequently experience a bluing of the skin at elevations above 2,500 meters. This bluing of the skin is known as __________.
cyanosis
What condition occurs when hemoglobin is deprived of oxygen?
cyanosis
dry, dead flakes of stratum corneum
dandruff
skin inflammation
dermatitis
Nutrients reach the surface of the skin (epidermis) through the process of ________.
diffusion
The type of gland responsible for body temperature regulation is the ________ gland.
eccrine (sweat or sudoriferous)
Which glands play a role in thermoregulation?
eccrine glands